Mappp.co geology and wildlife sites

Belmore Mountain

…developed understorey of hazel Corylus avellana and varying amounts of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, holly Ilex aquifolium and rarely rowan Sorbus aucuparia. The unstable steep slopes below the cliffs tend to be relatively dry with a well-developed field layer dominated by ferns s…

Bentley Priory

… occurs in stands throughout the grassland, mainly dominated by mature hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, with gorse Ulex europaeus and broom Cytisus scoparius in the north and occasional guelder rose Viburnum opulus on the clay site. The site is unusual in London for the presence of f…

Hildersham Wood

…The shrub layer is mainly of sparse hazel Corylus avellana coppice and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. Ash Fraxinus excelsior occurs as occasional coppice throughout the wood and field maple Acer campestre is frequent as coppice and maiden trees. Typical shrubs include hawthorn Crat…

Twenty Acre Piece

…ch Betula pendula (formerly verrucosa), pedunculate oak Quercus robur, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, aspen Populus tremula and various willows and sallows Salix spp. Locally, this scrub has become dense, while to the north and east of the site ithas developed into secondary woodla…

Galboly

… canopy is hazel Corylus avellana with widespread and locally abundant hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. rowan Sorbus aucuparia and downy birch Betula pubescens are also present. The northern end of the woodland is quite exposed to gales and sea-spray and the trees here are quite stun…

Sloughan and Willmount Glens

… which is common throughout and more sparingly rowan Sorbus aucuparia, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and holly Ilex aquifolium. The field layer is very rich where conditions are favourable, comprised of ferns such as broad buckler fern Dryopteris dilatata, hard fern Blechnum spican…

Backstone Bank and Baal Hill Woods

…e, comprising hazel, holly Ilex aquifolium, rowan Sorbus aucuparia and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. They have a relatively poor ground flora with creeping soft grass Holcus mollis, great wood rush Luzula sylvatica, false brome Brachypodium sylvaticum, wavy hair grass Deschampsia …

Lurgan River Wood

…opy. The dense shrub layer is dominated by hazel Corylus avellana with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and holly Ilex aquifolium. bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. is the main component of the field layer, with ferns such as scaly male-fern Dryopteris affinis, male fern Dryopteris filix-…

Ellers Wood and Sand Dale

…th an understorey of hazel Corylus avellana, holly Ilex aquifolium and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The base rich ground flora in the drier areas contains dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis, wood anemone Anemone nemorosa, sanicle Sanicula europaea, primrose Primula vulgaris and l…

Marlbank

…Prunus spinosa, elder Sambucus nigra, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The unstable steep slopes below the cliffs tend to be relatively dry with a well developed field layer dominated by ferns such as broad buckler fern Dryopteris dilatata, lady fern …

Florence Court

…es with lime Tilia sp., beech Fagus sylvatica, ash Fraxinus excelsior, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, willow Salix spp. and horse chestnut Aesculus hippocastanum. The parkland trees at Florence Court display a variety of features characteristic of veteran and ancient trees, includ…

Howe Park Wood

… accepted native range. hazel coppice is frequent and both species of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and Crataegus laevigata are common. Patches of blackthorn are also found, both within the wood and along its margins. On the wettest seasonally inundated soils the woodland is domin…

Doddington Clay Woods

…me occurs as coppice. The shrub layer includes both common and midland hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and Crataegus laevigata, spindle Euonymus europaeus, holly Ilex aquifolium, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare. Both woodlands have a rich and varied gro…

Edwardstone Woods

…sent along the hedgerows in High Wood include both common and midland hawthorns Crataegus monogyna and Crataegus laevigata, honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum, crab apple Malus sylvestris and spindle Euonymus europaeus. The ground flora is dominated by glades of bluebell Hyacinth…

Dole Wood

… and maple Acer campestre. The shrub layer has both common and midland hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and Crataegus laevigata, spindle Euonymus europaeus, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Where the soil is wetter and more acidic the herbs are characterised…

Wellington Wood

… spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and both native hawthorns Crataegus monogyna and Crataegus laevigata. A particular feature of the wood is the presence of some very fine ancient pollarded large leaved lime Tilia platyphyllos, one of our rarest native trees. T…

Gosling's Corner

…e indicating mildly calcareous conditions, include common and midland hawthorns Crataegus monogyna and Crataegus laevigata, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, goat and grey willows Salix caprea and Salix cinerea, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and dog and field rose Rosa canina and Rosa ar…

Brent Eleigh Woods

… Wild pear Pyrus pyraster, sallow Salix caprea, woodland and hedgerow hawthorns Crataegus monogyna and Crataegus laevigata are also present. The ground flora is dominated by dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis, with a good population of primrose Primula vulgaris and orchids Dactyl…

Whittlewood Forest

…h, field maple Acer campestre, hazel Corylus avellana and both hawthorn species Crataegus monogyna and Crataegus laevigata. Crab apple Malus sylvestris, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and field rose Rosa arvensis occur frequently with sallows Salix species, in damp pockets and alongsi…

Badby Wood

…esent. Coppiced hazel Corylus avellana dominates the shrub layer with hawthorns Crataegus monogyna and Crataegus laevigata, elder Sambucus nigra and honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum occurring frequently and holly Ilex aquifolium and rowan Sorbus aucuparia occasionally. In parts …

Little Paxton Wood

…hazel Corylus avellana coppice. In other areas both common and midland hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and Crataegus laevigata form a discontinuous shrub layer with associated species including dogwood Cornus sanguinea, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, crab apple Malus sylvestris, wayf…

Brooks Head Grove

…d oak, while shrubs include hazel Corylus avellana and both species of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and Crataegus laevigata, the latter being rare in the Wye Valley. A second type of woodland is present on the western slopes having, in addition to the species already mentioned, b…

Short Wood

…ampestre and ash dominate the shrub layer with both common and midland hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and Crataegus laevigata occurring frequently. spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus are scattered throughout the wood. The presence o…

Milden Thicks

…erstorey includes hazel Corylus avellana with both common and midland hawthorns Crataegus monogyna and Crataegus laevigata, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, spindle Euonymus europaeus and dogwood Cornus sanguinea present. The ground flora, although dominated by bramble Rubus sp has …

Wakerley Spinney

…nt constituent. The shrub layer is varied with both common and midland hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and Crataegus laevigata, hazel Corylus avellana, field maple Acer campestre, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and crab apple Malus sylvestris. The herb layer is typically bramble Rubus frut…

Grendon and Doddershall Woods

…lackthorn thickets, as well as sallow, crab apple, common and midland hawthorns Crataegus monogyna and Crataegus laevigata and their hybrids, honeysuckle, briars including Rosa arvensis and dogwood. Several of these are indicators of long continuity of woodland conditions, as are…

Salcey Forest

…hrub and coppice layer of, among others, hazel Corylus avellana, both hawthorns Crataegus monogyna and Crataegus laevigata, field maple Acer campestre, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and sallows Salix caprea and Salix cinerea. The ground flora is characteristically diverse, varying wi…

Wytham Woods

…n Prunus spinosa, honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum and two species of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and Crataegus laevigata. The composition of the ground flora is very varied depending on soil, aspect and management. Species common throughout the wood are bluebell Hyacinthoides n…

Sapperton & Pickworth Woods

…h shrub layer is present within the site, including common and midland hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and Crataegus laevigata, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, spindle Euonymus europaeus, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, aspen Populus tremula and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The woodlands have…

Bugbrooke Meadows

…, hazel Corylus avellana, crab apple Malus sylvestris, both species of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and Crataegus laevigata, spindle Euonymus europaeus and buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica. Some of the adjoining fields are also very interesting botanically, but although still part of…

Long Itchington & Ufton Woods

…la pendula over a shrub layer dominated by hazel Corylus avellana with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. There are also patches of field maple Acer campestre and small leaved lime Tilia cordata present. The structure o…

Barking Woods

…yrus pyraster. Shrub species present within these woods include common hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and spindle tree Euonymus europaeus. The wood contains a wide variety of flowering plants, particularly in wet areas…

Vann Lake and Ockley Woods

…includes hazel Corylus avellana, occurring with holly Ilex aquifolium, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata and spindle Euonymus europaeus. Around the edge of Vann Lake and within the gill there are stands of alder Alnus glutinosa, with common sallow …

River Ise and Meadows

…pedunculate oak Quercus robur and pollards of white willow Salix alba. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata and blackthorn Prunus spinosa are well represented, with occasional buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Where gaps i…

Middle Wood, Offton

…etter ground to the south west. Other species include scattered common hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata and wild crab apple Malus sylvestris. It is also one of the few recorded sites in East Anglia for wild pear Pyrus pyraster. The ground flora i…

Treswell Wood

…orylus avellana, field maple Acer campestre, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, crab apple Malus sylvestris, elder Sambucus nigra and, locally, aspen Populus tremula and sloe Prunus spinosa. There is vigorous growth of woo…

Ashton Wold

… The shrub layer is a very dense mixture of ash saplings, elm suckers, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, hazel Corylus avellana and buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica. The ground flora is sparse. In places bramble Rubus fruticosus and dog’s mercury Merc…

Ryton Wood

…ubescens. The rich shrub layer is dominated by hazel but there is also hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, holly Ilex aquifolium and rowan Sorbus aucuparia. The ground flora is dominated by bracken Pteridium aquilinum part…

Ham Street Woods

…woodland also includes ash Fraxinus excelsior, hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata and in the wettest areas alder Alnus glutinosa. The ground vegetation is often dominated by dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis and includes gre…

Yelden Meadows

…old hedgerows with field maple Acer campestre, hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, ash Fraxinus excelsior, crab apple Malus sylvestris, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, elder Sambucus nigra and elm Ulmus spp.

Wouldham to Detling Escarpment

…yew Taxus baccata. Understorey shrubs include hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, elder Sambucus nigra and privet Ligustrum vulgare, while the ground flora includes dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis, ivy Hedera helix, lords…

Dunsby Wood

…here the soil is more acidic. A rich shrub layer is present, including hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, spindle Euonymus europaeus, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, field rose Rosa avensis and guelder rose Viburnum opulus…

Eye Brook Valley Woods

…azel Corylus avellana, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, elder Sambucus nigra, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and goat willow Salix caprea. The ground vegetation is dominated by dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis and, loca…

Yardley Chase

…is perennis woodland type having an understorey of relict coppice with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, hazel Corylus avellana, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum is an abundant climber in…

Crofton Woods

… of the wood. The most abundant species is hazel Corylus avellana, but hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata are also abundant. In wetter areas the shrub layer also contains alder buckthorn Frangula alnus and guelder rose Viburnum opulus, both of wh…

Marston Thrift

…Prunus spinosa, privet Ligustrum vulgare, crab apple Malus sylvestris, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata. The ground flora is characteristic of the dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis/bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta association, limited by sha…

Redwell Wood

… hornbeam coppice, elder Sambucus nigra, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata. Open areas with old pollarded oaks suggests past use as woodland pasture which has been succeeded by a dense growth of bracken Pteridium aq…

Hanger Wood

…er is dominated by coppiced hazel Corylus avellana in association with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, a species strongly associated with ancient woodland sites. Other species include dogwood Cornus sanguinea, privet Ligustrum vulgare, guelde…

Launde Big Wood

…e Acer campestre and hazel Corylus avellana, with sloe Prunus spinosa, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata also occurring. Locally dominated by dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis, the ground flora is rich in species typical of ancient clay woods a…

Westhall Wood and Meadow

…willow Salix caprea. Shrub species present include Midland and common hawthorn Crataegus laevigata and Crataegus monogyna, spindle Euonymus europaeus, crab apple Malus sylvestris and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora is dominated by a large scale mosaic of bramble R…

Lower Woods

…lix caprea, field maple Acer campestre, holly Ilex aquifolium, midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, with silver birch Betula pendula on the more acid soils and dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spindle Euonymus europaeus, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare and…

Harlow Woods

…od. The shrub layer is sparse, with scattered elder Sambucus nigra and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. hazel Corylus avellana, midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata and field maple occur locally where the canopy is less dense. There is a small amount of elm Ulmus sp. along the southe…

Banhaw, Spring and Blackthorn's Woods

… The understorey is composed of derelict coppiced field maple, ash and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna with hazel Corylus avellana, midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, wild service tree Sorbus torminalis, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus also occurring. The…

Pengelli Forest and Pant-teg Wood

… Three small fields with much bracken and bramble are being invaded by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, downy birch and sessile oak. The midland hawthorn Crataegus lsevigata grows in Pengelli Forest. The three bushes are the only ones thought to be native in west Wales. Aspen Populus…

Marden Meadows

…r sedge Carex vesicaria are also found. The hedgerows are diverse with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and hazel Corylus avellana being the most frequent species. The less common midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata and wild service tree Sorbus torminalis are also present.

Badsaddle, Withmale Park and Bush Walk Woods

…ises mainly field maple Acer campestre and hazel Corylus avellana with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and some dogwood Cornus sanguinea, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, spindle Euonymus europaeus and midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata also occur. The ground flora is dominated by dog…

Great Hormead Park

…all groves whilst silver birch Betula pendula is scattered throughout. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna is a major constituent of the sparse shrub layer together with the scarcer midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and privet Ligustrum vulgare. Dog's mercury…

Magpie Bottom

…ecies, such as wild cherry Prunus avium, fieldmaple Acer campestre and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, are also present. The ground flora on the upper slopes is bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta dominated, with bramble Rubus fruticosus and occasionally bracken Pteridium aquilinum. …

Wellow Park

… shrub layer characterised by the abundance of hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and sloe Prunus spinosa. The ground vegetation is locally dominated by dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis, but is very diverse containing a large number of plants indicative of anci…

Bastow Wood

…f hazel Corylus avellana in the understorey. Bird cherry Prunus padus, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and geulder rose Viburnum opulus are rather less frequent. Under the canopy and in the clearings, thin limestone soils support a grazed sward of blue moo…

Garnetts Wood / Barnston Lays

…d in both Garnetts Wood and Barnston Lays. In the latter there is some hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and pure hornbeam coppice. The ground flora of the woods is mainly bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. or dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis, or mixtures of these species. In the south of…

Woodnook Valley

…rticum and common milkwort Polygala vulgaris are still abundant. hawthorn scrub Crataegus monogyna is confined to the north eastern corner of this field and a few isolated bushes and provides additional habitat. The south facing field to the north has a similar species compositio…

Cromford Canal

…th. The boundary 'hedges' consist mainly of hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna with some wych elm Ulmus glabra. Where broad margins exist between the tow path and canal boundary there are scrubby areas with hazel, elder Sambucus nigra and goat willow Salix cap…

Lenaghan Wood

…n the canopy, while hazel Corylus avellana, rowan Sorbus aucuparia and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna contribute to the shrub layer. Bilberry Vaccinium myrtillus is less prominent in the field layer, as it is joined by bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. and broad buckler fern Dryopteris …

East Polden Grasslands

…ty and food and shelter for invertebrates. The main scrub species are, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare and dog rose Rosa canina. Small areas of ancient broadleaved woodland occur, adding further diversity. The warm, southerl…

Brignall Banks

…us and occasional blackthorn Prunus spinosa, wild cherry Prunus avium, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and spindle Euonymus europaeus. The ground flora comprises a rich assemblage of species characteristic of such soils including ramsons Allium ursinum, dog’s mercury Mercurialis pere…

Melbury Park

…resented on the base rich bark of ash, sycamore, elder Sambucus nigra, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and maple Acer campestre. The community is best developed in the south east of the park and amongst its many component species has Anaptychia ciliaris and the rare Teloschistes flav…

Langham Pond

…laria palustris and meadow rue Thalictrum flavum. Hedges, dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, but including a good diversity of shrub and tree species, surround the meadows and these, together with patches of bramble Rubus fruticosus provide shelter for numerous invertebrat…

Yewbarrow Woods

…nd with holly Ilex aquifolium, hazel Corylus avellana and occasionally hawthorn Crataegus monogyna it forms a partial understorey to the main woodland stands. However, yew is particularly frequent on crags on the upper slopes of the wood and in Yewbarrow Dale it is the main canop…

Pittington Hill

… slopes of Pittington Hill and on the quarry margins scrub, containing hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, gorse Ulex europaeus and a number of rose species, including burnet rose Rosa spinosissima, is developed over a ground flora in which woodland herbs such as sanicle Sanicula europa…

Coldwell Farm Pasture

…Quercus petraea over hazel Corylus avellana and other shrubs including hawthorn Crataegus monogyna blackthorn Prunus spinosa, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and spindle Euonymus europaeus, the latter two being present at the northern limit of their distribution range in Britain. T…

Cleatham Quarry

…istle Carlina vulgaris and mouse ear hawkweed. Despite rabbit grazing, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna scrub and dog rose Rosa canina are encroaching. A number of uncommon plant species occur at the site. These include tall broomrape Orobanche elatior, bee orchid Ophyrs apifera, blue…

Cherry Hill Wood

…ll there is an area of dense scrub and secondary woodland dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, field maple Acer campestre and ash. The ground vegetation is also extremely rich and diverse, particularly on the eastern and southern slopes. Notable are abundant colonies of stin…

Otford to Shoreham Downs

…land through an intermediate scrub phase. Typically it is dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, ash Fraxinus excelsior, roses Rosa species, with traveller's joy Clematis vitalba, privet Ligustrum vulgare, black bryony Tamus communis and a variety of calcicolous chalk loving s…

Cadnant Dingle

…k Quercus petraea and birch Betula, whilst hazel Corylus avellana with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and elder Sambucus nigra are characteristic of the understorey. The soil conditions are variable and base-rich volcanic intrusions outcrop locally in the valley. The ground flora in…

Alex Farm Pastures

…rassland has been lost to encroachment by bramble Rubus fruticosus and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, although areas of high species diversity are maintained by rabbit grazing. The pastures are a type of unimproved herb rich neutral to slightly acidic grassland, characterised by he…

Rushmore and Conholt Downs

…Elsewhere the scrub is dominated by privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna or hazel Corylus avellana, though the proportions of each of the dominants varies widely, apparently in response to varying depth or absence of superficial deposits. Open areas amon…

Aughnadarragh Lough

… the lough. Other woody species present at Aughnadarragh Lough include hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, ash Fraxinus excelsior and occasional oak Quercus spp. The area contains a number of rare plant species. flowering rush Butomus umbellatus, lesser bulrush Typha angustifolia and le…

Cwm Clydach

…plants and animals. Within the shrub layer, hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna are amongst the most frequent species. The ground layer is often a patchy mix of false brome Brachypodium sylvaticum, enchanter’s-nightshade Circaea lutetiana, wood avens Geum urban…

Cwm Merddog Woodlands

…ed individuals of sessile oak Quercus petraea, hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and birch Betula pendula.

Nant-y-Belan and Prynela Woods

…ylus avellana the dominant scrub, together with holly Ilex aquifolium, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, rowan Sorbus aucuparia, privet Ligustrum vulgare, bird cherry Prunus padus and the uncommon wild service tree Sorbus torminalis. The herb layer is equally variable with areas on m…

Bolt Head to Bolt Tail

…scrub species such as gorse Ulex europaeus, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and bramble Rubus fruticosus. North of Bolt Head, facing the Salcombe Estuary, there is a stretch of woodland dominated by sessile oak Quercus petraea, with some ash Fraxinus excels…

Grange Meadow

…y lady’s bedstraw Galium verum. The field is bounded on three sides by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna hedges with mature trees and to the south by the Madresfield Brook. The dominant grasses are sweet vernal grass Anthoxanthum odoratum, red fescue Festuca rubra, common bent Agrostis…

Beeding Hill to Newtimber Hill

…rassland and forms dense belts in some areas. It is composed of gorse, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, ash Fraxinus excelsior, oak Quercus robur and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana. The scrub has invaded the areas of chalk heath which formerly occurred on the plateau. The site suppo…

Burghclere Beacon

…ose Rosa spp., bramble Rubus spp., wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and whitebeam Sorbus aria, which covers c. 20 hectares to the west facing slopes. There is little evidence of juniper regeneration and some moribund bushes and the site is probably …

The Flits

… cinerea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus are common. Drier parts have hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and hazel Corylus avellana with the occasional spindle Euonymus europaeus and buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica. The site is nationally important for its inver…

Berrow Dunes

…horn Hippophae rhamnoides, together with blackthorn Prunus spinosa and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The level of the land drops behind the dune crests, giving way to an extensive area of species rich dune grassland dominated by red fescue Festuca rubra, common rest-harrow Ononis …

Midford Valley Woods

…g has been carried out. Many other shrub species are present including hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, field maple Acer campestre, holly Ilex aquifolium, privet Ligustrum vulgare, spindle Euonymus europaeus and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The straggling wild clematis Clematis vitalba …

Elsworth Wood

…s. The shrub layer is varied, with coppiced hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna being the most common species. Other species which also occur include elder Sambucus nigra, crab apple Malus sylvestris and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The ground flora is typical of …

Caeau Penglaneinon

…d. Areas of deeper soil nearby are dominated by bracken with scattered hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and rowan Sorbus aucuparia. There are also several patches of sessile oak Quercus petraea woodland.A spring-fed flush in one of the hayfields provides additional interest, supportin…

Caeau Bwlch

…rly around the field boundaries and there is localised scrub including hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and gorse Ulex europaeus. Pastures in the easternmost part of the site support broad-leaved wooded copses dominated by sessile oak Quercus petraea. The si…

Nabgate

…eed Centaurea nigra and common bird's foot trefoil Lotus corniculatus. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and dog rose Rosa canina agg. bushes are scattered over the slope with oak Quercus spp., silver birch Betula pendula, grey willow Salix cinerea and bracken Pteridium aquilinum occur…

Smithcombe, Sharpenhoe and Sundon Hills

… great pignut Bunium bulbocastanum and large thyme Thymus pulegioides. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna predominates in the dense and scattered scrub but mixed in are other species characteristic of the lime rich soil, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, dog…

Castell Prysor

…s of dense and scattered scrub are present. hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna are dominant with a range of other woody species. The site is also of moderate invertebrate interest. Remarks: Within the Snowdonia National Park.

Castell y Waun a'i Barcdir / Chirk Castle and Parkland

…ocastanum and sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus. The parkland also contains hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, an important source of nectar for some invertebrates. The woodlands also contain these tree species, along with sweet chestnut Castanea sativa and beech Fagus sylvatica. The origin…

Hatton's Hey Wood, Whittle's Corner and Bank Rough

…inalis is also present. The shrub layer contains elder Sambucus nigra, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and hazel Corylus avellana with occasional holly Ilex aquifolium. On the more acidic soils the ground flora is dominated by creeping soft grass Holcus mollis, tufted hair grass Desc…

St. Catherine's Valley

…entha aquatica and ragged-robin Silene flos-cuculi. Scattered scrub of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and bramble Rubus fruticosus is present over areas of the site, providing diversity and shelter for invertebrates. A total of seventeen species of butterfly have been recorded from …

Powerstock Common and Wytherston Farm

…n earth soils across the site. The drier stands have an understorey of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and holly Ilex aquifolium, and bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta is a frequent vernal species, with occasional bramble Rubus fruticosus, tway blade Neottia ovata and ground ivy Gle…

Coed Graig Uchaf

…ning through the woodland and open areas of sparse scrub consisting of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa. Typical breeding birds include wood warbler and redstart. Remarks: Within the Snowdonia National Park and adjacent to Rhinog SSSI.

Brean Down

…nd the brome Bromus ferronii. Areas of invasive scrub include abundant hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare. The steep, craggy south facing slopes support a unique community dominated by three nationally rare species of plant, two of which are listed in t…

Coedydd Aber

…s at the site. The ffridd area of acidic grassland has an abundance of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and crab apple Malus sylvestris with a ground flora of wood sorrel, climbing corydalis Ceratocapnos claviculata. In pockets of boulder clay, ramsons Allium ursinum, dog’s mercury an…

Coedydd Beddgelert a Cheunant Aberglaslyn

…tly sparse comprising hazel Corylus avellana, holly and the occasional hawthorn Crataegus monogyna higher up the slopes. Rhododendron, a non-native and highly invasive species, forms a dense shrub layer in places. The field layer is variable but is usually characterised by the pr…

Knole Park

…elsior, downy birch Betula pubescens, sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. Grazing by fallow deer Dama dama and the Japanese species sika deer Cervus nippon and the acidic soils have formed species poor ground floras and have severely limited the growth …

Coedydd y Barri / Barry Woodlands

…of species such as hazel Corylus avellana, field maple Acer campestre, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, wych elm Ulmus glabra, spindle Euonymus europaeus and crab apple Malus sylvestris. Occasionally, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, wild cherry Prunus …

Coedydd y Garn

…exists with much hazel Corylus avellana, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, together with the uncommon buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and spindle Euonymus europaeus. Coedydd y Garn is an outstanding example of this limestone woodland. Along the main ridge, t…

Purbeck Ridge (East)

…e free draining soils and oak is prominent over holly Ilex aquifolium, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and hazel. Grasses and ferns are characteristic such as broad buckler fern Dryopteris dilatata, male fern Dryopteris filix-mas and meadow fescue Schedonorus pratensis with wood rush…

Creuddyn

…hese are of silver birch Betula pendula or scrubby oak with associated hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and gorse Ulex europaeus scrub. Fringes of these woodland stands or shady hedgebanks support the nationally scarce ivy broomrape Orobanche hederae, a para…

Cage Brook Valley

…nt, but here it is associated with wild cherry Prunus avium. hazel and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna form the shrub layer. Areas of damp alder Alnus glutinosa woodland occur in the areas immediately adjacent to the Cage Brook, together with willows Salix caprea and S. fragilis. In …

Swan Pool & The Swag

…ered clumps of goat willow Salix caprea, grey willow Salix cinerea and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The north western end of The Swag has similar emergent vegetation. This grades into areas of wet neutral grassland with tufted hair grass Deschampsia cespitosa and creeping bent Ag…

Bishop Middleham Quarry

…urrence of dark red helleborine Epipactis atrorubens. Scrub containing hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, goat willow Salix caprea, grey willow Salix cinereand common gorse Ulex europaeus is widely developed in the quarry and at the southern edge of the site there is an area of seconda…

Ogston Reservoir

… much of the reservoir margins with much grey willow Salix cinerea and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. These provide food and cover for a wide range of breeding birds in particular the warblers including lesser whitethroat Sylvia curruca and occasionally, grasshopper warbler Locuste…

Stonesby Quarry

…pyramidalis. Parts of the site have been invaded by scrub dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna.

Hawkswick Wood

…s developed. Under the open canopy there is a scattered shrub layer of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and hazel Corylus avellana with a ground flora dominated by bracken Pteridium aquilinum, false brome Brachypodium sylvaticum and dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis. Many woodland he…

Minsterley Meadows

…ows surround the meadows. These hedgerows are composed of a mixture of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and hazel Corylus avellana with ash Fraxinus excelsior and oak Quercus spp and provide additional habitats of importance for invertebrates and birds.

Ranters Bank Pastures

…ndaries are formed by species rich hedges with ash Fraxinus excelsior, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, holly Ilex aquifolium, hazel Corylus avellana and small trees, particularly damsons Prunus domestica. A small area of woodland adjoining the brook forms part of the boundary of the…

Cullentra Lough

… the woodland becomes drier, with scattered ash Fraxinus excelsior and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna joining downy birch Betula pubescens in the canopy. The ground flora is dominated by tussocks of purple moor-grass Molinia caerulea. Other habitats add further diversity to the area…

Knightsbridge Lane

…axinus excelsior and with a shrub layer of field maple Acer campestre, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, hazel Corylus avellana, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and English elm Ulmus procera. There is considerable growth of tall weed species such as stinging nettle Urtica dioica and c…

Rectory Farm Meadows

…he northern end. The remaining boundaries comprise hedges dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna.

Castlecoole

…vatica, horse chestnut Aesculus hippocastanum, ash Fraxinus excelsior, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus. There are occasional specimens of species such as walnut Juglans regia and London plane Platanus x hispanica, There is also a spectacular avenue of…

Tuetoes Hills

…ch Betula pendula, with locally frequent sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and gorse Ulex europaeus. A very typical woodland ground flora is characterised by varying amounts of creeping soft grass Holcus mollis, wavy hair grass Deschampsia flexuosa, bracke…

Largalinny

…ich shrub layer is dominated by hazel Corylus avellana, with scattered hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, rowan Sorbus aucuparia and holly Ilex aquifolium. A field layer of bilberry Vaccirtium myrtillus, heather Calluna vulgaris, great wood rush Luzula sylvatica and ferns over a calcif…

Grace Dieu and High Sharpley

…tern gorse Ulex gallii, birch Betula pendula, elder Sambucus nigra and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The rocky outcrops, especially around High sharpley, are noted for their saxicolous lichen flora. Geology To the north west of the site lies Grace Dieu Quarry. The significance of …

Selsley Common

…s morio and fragrant orchid Gymnadenia conopsea. Some scrub, mostly of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, has developed and a few trees, mostly ash Fraxinus excelsior, are scattered over the site. A wide range of invertebrate species occur on the Common, including the nationally rare m…

Dyscarr Wood

…us robur. The understorey contains abundant hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna together with field maple Acer campestre, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, elder Sambucus nigra, privet Ligustrum vulgare and sloe Prunus spinosa. The ground vegetation is characterised by…

Fayland Chalk Bank

…uinea and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana. Other shrub species include hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare. The diverse plant life and profusion of chalk flowers provides important food and nectar sources for insects. Becau…

Bannam's Wood

… understorey of field maple Acer campestre, hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. Part however is dominated by ash and wych elm Ulmus glabra with additional understorey species including blackthorn Prunus spinosa, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and wild privet Ligustr…

Sidmouth to Beer Coast

…m lantana, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, backthorn Prunus spinosa and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. Associated climbers are traveller’s joy Clematis vitalba and madder Rubia peregrina. The wide variety of aspects and habitats supports an equally varied invertebrate fauna. Butterf…

Haggburn Gate

…lder Alnus glutinosa, birch Betula sp. and hazel Corylus avellana with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, willows Salix spp. and holly Ilex aquifolium in the shrub layer. The typical ground flora, including bugle Ajuga reptans, wood sorrel Oxalis acetosella, wild strawberry Fragaria ve…

Treyford to Bepton Down

… Scabiosa columbaria and yellow rattle Rhinanthus minor still persist. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna scrub is now invading much of the ungrazed grassland, while a more diverse mixed scrub community with hazel Corylus avellana and guelder rose Viburnum opulus is established in other…

Prince's Rough

…ow into two fields. These hedgerows are species rich with a mixture of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, hazel Corylus avellana, dog rose Rosa canina, ash Fraxinus excelsior and pedunculate oak Quercus petraea.

Haxey Grange Fen

…scrub grades into birch Betula pendula, Betula pubescens woodland with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and pedunculate oak Quercus robur and a smaller area of woodland occupies the raised south east corner of the site. These scrub and woodland areas provide important feeding areas an…

Morley Brick Pits

…a and birches Betula pubescens and B. pendula with willows Salix spp., hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and ash Fraxinus excelsior.

Dymock Woods

… the site. The understorey is dominated by hazel Corylus avellana with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and holly Ilex aquifolium. The woodland along the streams is dominated by sessile oak and, locally, by alder Alnus glutinosa. small leaved lime Tilia cordata and ash Fraxinus excels…

Hurst Farm Pasture

…s greenweed Genista tinctoria is frequent. The hedges are dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa. There is a small area of scrub at the eastern end.

Upper Ballinderry River

…el Corylus avellana, holly Ilex aquifolium, rowan Sorbus aucuparia and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, with willow Salix spp. in wetter conditions. The ground flora includes ferns, thickets of bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. and great wood rush Luzula sylvatica. Bilberry Vaccinium myr…

Mullaghcarn

…ucuparia. The latter two species along with hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna form a sparse understorey. The lower slopes have been inter-planted with beech Fagus sylvatica. Further diversity is provided by a small area of mature willow Salix spp. carr in the…

Caledon and Tynan

…spp. is the dominant parkland tree species with beech Fagus sylvatica, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, sweet chestnut Castanea sativa, ash Fraxinus excelsior, sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus, horse chestnut Aesculus hippocastanum and crack willow Salix fragilis. There are occasional sp…

Knockadoo Wood

…Sorbus aucuparia. hazel Corylus avellana is also locally frequent with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and wild cherry Prunus avium more restricted in occurrence. Where it is present, the field layer is composed of a mixture of ferns, including broad buckler fern Dryopteris dilatata…

Feckenham Forest

…a. The shrub layer is generally sparse with hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna being the main understorey species. The ground flora is dominated by bracken Pteridium aquilinum together with species tolerant of strongly acidic conditions such as bilberry Vaccin…

Attenborough Gravel Pits

…yopteris dilatata denote drier ground, grading into scrub dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica. At its margins, the woodland becomes more open and grades into wet scrub, swamp vegetation and open water. Small areas …

Crich Chase

…little under storey here, although occasionally holly Ilex aquifolium, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna or younger trees occur. The topography of the steep upper slopes is rugged and in places punctured by rocky grit stone outcrops and large boulders where there are some dense stands …

Dumsey Meadow

…utumn hawkbit Scorzoneroides autumnalis. There are scattered bushes of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and parts of the site have become invaded by creeping thistle Cirsium arvense. The grassland is very variable in character ranging from tall vegetation in damp depressions to dry r…

Tetford Wood

…. The characteristic shrub layer includes elder Sambucus nigra, common hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare and blackthorn Prunus spinosa. Dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis dominates the herb layer of Tetford Wood apart from the local abundance of wild garl…

Chattenden Woods And Lodge Hill

…ss the site. The shrub layer is varied with hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna generally predominant but with other species such as silver birch Betula pendula, aspen Populus tremula, willow Salix spp., wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and the scarce wild servi…

Dyffrynoedd Nedd a Mellte a Moel Penderyn

…layer is typically sparse, but in some areas dense hazel and scattered hawthorn Crataegus monogyna are present. The field layer is grassy, with common bent, sweet vernal-grass and creeping soft-grass Holcus mollis often abundant with patchy wavy hair-grass. Other species that occ…

Pont Bancog

…rse scrub occurs on the slopes and includes blackthorn Prunus spinosa, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and rose Rosa. A wooded margin around the stream has sessile oak Quercus petraea, downy birch Betula pubescens, alder Alnus glutinosa and sallow Salix cinerea. Sheep and some cattle…

Pwll-y-wrach

…k. The understorey comprises a mixture of shrubs such as hazel, common hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, rowan Sorbus aucuparia, holly Ilex aquifolium and blackthorn Prunus spinosa. Small herbs, including yellow pimpernel Lysimachia nemorum, opposite-leaved golden-saxifrage Chrysosple…

Pyllau Machynys (Machynys Ponds)

…low, but also with some goat willow Salix caprea and, on drier mounds, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. Small areas of coarse vegetation occur around the easternmost ponds with, for example, wild parsnip Pastinaca sativa, common knapweed Centaurea nigra and creeping buttercup Ranuncu…

Cooksholme Meadows

…us. The meadows are surrounded by tall, species rich hedges chiefly of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa together with privet Ligustrum vulgare, field maple Acer campestre, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and English elm Ulmus procera. The meadows support an …

Galley and Warden Hills

… found on this site has an unusual species composition. In addition to hawthorn Crataegus monogyna which is usually dominant in this habitat, there is a large proportion of buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana.

Halsdon

… hazel becomes more abundant, along with downy birch Betula pubescens, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and spindle Euonymus europaeus. Wych elm Ulmus glabra occurs in some parts, particularly on the lower slopes. The ground flora is more diverse, with enchanter’s nightshade Circaea l…

Croxton Park

…ng Lincolnshire limestone. Ancient pedunculate oaks Quercus robur and hawthorns Crataegus monogyna occur sparingly in the grazed areas and amongst 200 year old oak plantations. The old oaks and ash trees in the sheltered valleys support many uncommon lichens. More than 90 species…

Arkengarthdale, Gunnerside and Reeth Moors

…od are dominated by ash Fraxinus excelsior, hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, with occasional rowan Sorbus aucuparia and wych elm Ulmus glabra. The ground layers support dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis, wood sorrel Oxalis acetosella, ramsons Allium ursin…

Littlebeck Wood

…is predominantly of hazel Corylus avellana, but holly Ilex aquifolium, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa are also present. The ground flora includes dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis, bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta, early purple orchid Orchis mascula …

Monkwood Green

…few small areas of dense scrub dominated by western gorse Ulex gallii, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. and dog rose Rosa canina. Of special importance is the presence of petty whin Genista anglica, which is more usually found on heaths and moors. This p…

Lullingstone Park

…nor. Some formerly open areas have been colonised by scrub, especially hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and elder Sambucus nigra, though there remains a large population of adder's tongue fern Ophioglossum vulgatum, a plant which is scarce in Kent.

Rough Hill & Wirehill Woods

…rowan Sorbus aucuparia and occasional holly Ilex aquifolium, hazel and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. Here the ground flora is dominated by bramble and bluebell. On these slopes a fourth variant of sessile oak woodland is distinguished by abundant small leaved lime Tilia cordata in…

Willow Burn Pasture

…There has been some invasion of the grassland by scrub species, mainly hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, gorse Ulex europaeus and dog rose Rosa canina. Scattered grey willow Salix cinerea, goat willow S. caprea and alder Alnus glutinosa occur along the margins of the Willow Burn.

Wembury Point

…e Ulex europaeus, bramble Rubus fruticosus, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and elder Sambucus nigra. Breeding birds associated with the scrub include several pairs of the rare cirl bunting Emberiza cirlus – a species afforded special protection under Sche…

Trelow Downs

…us fruticosus, bracken Pteridium aquilinum, grey willow Salix cinerea, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and silver birch Betula pendula. In some areas of scrub there is an associated neutral grassland flora.

Showground Meadow, Callow Hill

…cally bounded on one side, to the north, where a species rich hedge occurs with Crataegus monogyna, hazel Corylus avellana and holly Ilex aquifolium.

Puckham Woods

… is the dominant species with some field maple, wych elm Ulmus glabra, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and holly Ilex aquifolium. The ground flora is very rich with over twenty species indicative of ancient semi natural woodland. In spring, the woodland …

Kyle of Sutherland Marshes

…ring drier slopes. The alder woodland has an understory with scattered hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, hazel Corylus avellana and guelder-rose Viburnum opulus. The field layer typically consists of ferns, grasses, sedges and some flowering herbs, such as; lady fern Athyrium filix-fe…

Levin Down

…heath bedstraw Galium saxatile grow amongst the chalk downland plants. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna scrub is invading large areas of the site, although rich chalk grassland patches can still be found within many of these areas. The scrub provides additional wildlife habitat within…

Belah Woods and Pastures

…tone. The shrub layer varies from dense to sparse and comprises mainly hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and hazel Corylus avellana with occasional blackthorn Prunus spinosa, bird cherry Prunus padus and holly Ilex aquifolium. Yew Taxus baccata is scattered along the high, inaccessible…

Blackdown (Hardy Monument)

…cies but common gorse Ulex europaeus also occurs and there are several hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, including some sizeable old specimens which support abundant epiphytic mosses and lichens. One part of the site was badly burned in 1976 and has suffered considerable erosion, whil…

Burgh Hill Farm Meadow

…. Other species include holly Ilex aquifolium, hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, hornbeam Carpinus betulus, aspen Populus tremula, goat willow Salix caprea and blackthorn Prunus spinosa. The ditch and two small ponds either end of it, are heavily shaded but som…

Tealham and Tadham Moors

…ts present include hedges and hedgerow trees of alder Alnus glutinosa, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and willow Salix spp together with a few areas of scrub. An area of mixed woodland is the site of a heronry (heron) the only one located on the moors. These habitats provide suitabl…

Fivehead Woods and Meadow

…ommon include dogwood Cornus sanguinea, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, spindle Euonymus europaeus and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora in the woods is dominated by dog's mercury and bluebell Hyacinthoides non-…

White Park Bay

… Low scrub is scattered over the area, with blackthorn Prunus spinosa, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and bramble Rubus fruticosus being the dominant species. Gorse Ulex europaeus is frequent throughout, with grey willow Salix cinerea, hazel Corylus avellana and mature elder Sambucu…

Boconnoc Park & Woods

…upports species such as holly Ilex aquifolium, hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, elder Sambucus nigra, and rhododendron Rhododendron ponticum. Bramble Rubus fruticosus dominates much of the ground flora although one of the more interesting herb species is the u…

West Woodhay Down

…d Anacamptis pyramidalis. There is a small area of scrub, dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna with whitebeam Sorbus aria. Many species characteristic of chalk grassland, including abundant common rock rose Helianthemum nummularium, greater knapweed Centaurea scabiosa, hareb…

Knocking Hoe

…e sites’ vegetation is provided by scattered and dense scrub which has hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and rose Rosa species co-dominant. Also present are spindle Euonymus europaeus, privet Ligustrum vulgare and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana. Re presentation of details approved by …

Westwell Gorse

…The scrub is dominated by blackthorn Prunus spinosa thickets with some hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and elder Sambucus nigra. The ground flora is dominated by dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis. The elm woodland to the north east of the site was devastated by dutch elm disease in …

Holywell Banks

…r. The species rich grassland of the roadside verges is mown annually. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica scrub occurs also.

Ancaster Valley

… scrub to the west and south are dominated by gorse Ulex europaeus and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna.

Wilsford Heath Quarry

…Fagus sylvatica and sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus, with a shrub layerof hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, buckthorn Rhamnuscatharticus and a variety of other species of shrub. The ground flora in the dense woodland is quitesparse with species such as male…

Chwarel Cambrian / Cambrian Quarry, Gwernymynydd

…h Betula spp and willows Salix spp. in the canopy, with shrubs such as hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, holly Ilex aquifolium, hazel Corylus avellana and mountain ash Sorbus aucuparia in the understorey. Parts of the woodlands have been planted or replanted and now support beech Fagu…

Connah's Quay Ponds and Woodland

…llana with occasional holly Ilex aquifolium, wych elm Ulmus glabra and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The field layer is dominated by ivy Hedera helix, bramble Rubus fruticosus, honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum, broad buckler fern Dryopteris dilatata and male fern Dryopteris filix…

Buckeridge Meadow

…ndaries are formed by species rich hedges with ash Fraxinus excelsior, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and hazel Corylus avellana. The northern end of the field contains a small area of wood pasture which is dominated by sessile oak Quercus petraea and holly Ilex aquifolium. The inv…

River Foyle and Tributaries

…beech Fagus sylvatica and sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus. Shrubs include hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, holly Ilex aquifolium and rowan Sorbus aucuparia. The ground cover is very variable. Grasses are dominant where grazing is heavy. Where the wood is less disturbed, species include…

Bevercotes Park

…storey consists of hazel Corylus avellana, field maple Acer campestre, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and privet Ligustrum vulgare, in association with an extensive development of woody climbers and ramblers such as honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum, black …

Berkswell Marsh

…ck willow Salix fragilis over a shrub layer of hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora is locally rich with abundant opposite leaved golden saxifrage Chrysosplenium oppositifolium and large bitter cress Cardamine ama…

Bishop Wilton Deep Dale

…s. The grassland is used for intermittent cattle grazing and scattered hawthorn Crataegus monogyna is wide spread, while dense, well grown hawthorn is present as a game covert in one locality. Bare chalk along cattle paths and in a small chalk pit is colonised by parsley piert Ap…

St. Leonard's Forest

…b layer includes holly Ilex aquifolium and hazel Corylus avellana with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Also included in the site are areas of conifer plantation, largely consisting of Scot's pine Pinus sylvestris and Corsi…

Walton and Ivythorn Hills

… density and is often dominated by blackthorn Prunus spinosa, although hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, wild privet, wayfaring tree and dogwood Cornus sanguinea are also common. The scrub in turn grades into species rich unimproved calcareous grassland of the upright brome Bromus ere…

East Wretham Heath

…y birch Betula pendula with a bracken understorey. The scrub is mostly hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and has invaded areas left ungrazed in post war years. A small area is managed to maintain bare ground conditions in order to conserve a population of Three fingered speedwell Veron…

Fakenham Wood and Sapiston Great Grove

…ellana, with scattered elder Sambucus nigra, holly Ilex aquifolium and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. On the most acidic soils to the north, the wood assumes more of a heathland character with sparsely scattered trees and shrubs. A far stronger coppice structure and a more varied p…

Cabilla Manor Wood

…he deeper soils here support an understorey of hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and holly Ilex aquifolium with occasional rowan Sorbus aucuparia and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora consists largely of bramble Rubus fruticosus, honeysuckle Lonicer…

Burbage Wood and Aston Firs

…us procera. The shrub layer is dominated by hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, but also includes field maple Acer campestre, privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and rowan Sorbus aucuparia. The ground vegetation is characterised by an abundance …

Bank and Cother Wood

…he shrub layer is equally diverse and includes hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and spindle Euonymus europaeus. The limestone grassland communities found in the south west and north west of the site are dominated by upright brome grass Bromopsis erecta with oth…

Birches

…cient and species rich hedgerows with frequent hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and field maple Acer campestre and occasional rowan Sorbus aucuparia and crab apple Malus sylvestris. The site supports a number of mature boundary and in…

Cottam Well Dale

… growth of tor grass and oat grass Arrhenatherum elatius with invading hawthorn Crataegus monogyna scrub. However these areas are still locally rich with many of the above herbs. The grassland is also rich in insects with 16 species of butterfly and several uncommon beetles recor…

Barrow Gravel Pits

…etosa. The meadows are separated by well grown hedges formed mainly of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna but containing fine specimens of field maple Acer campestre and buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica. Scattered throughout the site and notably in association with the disused gravel pits i…

Lough Gullion

…w Salix cinerea and alder Alnus glutinosa with ash Fraxinus excelsior, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and holly Ilex aquifolium occurring in the drier areas. The field layer is comprised of bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. and scattered ferns. The ground flora is highly variable, but g…

Kilmond Scar

…ium majus, sorrel Rumex acetosa and lady’s mantle Alchemilla vulgaris. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, elder Sambucus nigra, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and rose Rosa spp. are widely scattered through the grassland, in places forming closed scrub. Locally there is also immature ash wo…

Burrington Combe

…nd on the level ground above the cliffs, the scrub consists largely of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, mountain ash Sorbus aucuparia, gorse Ulex europaeus and elder Sambucus nigra. At the upper end of the gorge is an immature ash woodland containing a high incidence of the scrub spe…

Flood Brook Clough

… shrub layer includes elder Sambucus nigra, hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. On the upper slopes the ground flora includes bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta, red campion Silene dioica and wood avens Geum urbanum along with yellow pimpernel Lysimachia nemor…

Combs Wood

…r is poorly developed, with occasional hazel Corylus avellana, midland hawthorn Crataegus lsevigata and elder Sambucus nigra. The ground flora is sparse and consists mainly of dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis and bramble Rubus sp., with early dog violet Viola reichenbachiana. T…

Well Rough and Long Plantation

…d lime Tilia cordata as mature coppice stools. hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and elder Sambucus nigra all occur in the shrub layer. Most of the ground flora is typical of base rich soils and includes a number of species which are uncommon in Cheshire, for ex…

Quarry Farm Meadow

…ded by tall species rich hedgerows and wood edge which is dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, pedunculate oak Quercus robur, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spindle Euonymus europaeus.

Radipole Lake

…n fringes of the site have most scrub, with blackthorn Prunus spinosa, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and sallow Salix caprea being the principal species. The river edge and flood meadows support various wetland–marsh plants. More than 50 bird species breed at this site, including …

Dover to Kingsdown Cliffs

…tuent species are gorse Ulex europaeus, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and bramble Rubus fruticosus. There are a few scattered individuals of juniper Juniperus communis, this species now has only a few remaining native sites in Kent. On the sheerest ch…

Prees Heath

…consisting mainly of gorse Ulex europaeus, broom Cytisus scoparius and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, is scattered throughout these communities and grades into secondary birch Betula spp. woodland along the south western margin of the heath.

Noddle End

…um vulgare. This grassland is progressively shaded out to the north by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna scrub and by diffuse mixed woodland with a canopy dominated by ash Fraxinus excelsior and birch Betula pendula and including oak Quercus sp., alder Alnus glutinosa, field maple Acer…

Slit Woods

…s of scrub, which in places extend unbroken along the woodland margin. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, hazel Corylus avellana, willow Salix spp. and rose Rosa spp. are major components off such scrub. Fen vegetation containing common sedge Carex nigra, sha…

Grays Thurrock Chalk Pit

…udoplatanus and oaks Quercus petraea and Quercus robur. Shrubs include hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, spindle Euomymus europaeus and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The ground flora is dominated by ivy Hedera helix. The areas of open grassland lie predominantly in the northern part of th…

Sheet Hedges Wood

…he shrub layer are hazel Corylus avellana, field maple Acer campestre, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, elder Sambucus nigra and privet Ligustrum vulgare, with rose Rosa spp. also common. The ground vegetation contains abundant tufted hair grass Deschampsia cespitosa, rough meadow gr…

Rowridge Valley

… Corylus avellana coppice commonly with field maple Acer campestre and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, while wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and elder Sambucus nigra are common along the woodland edge. The coppice has not been cut for many years 1986 and sheds a dense shade on the w…

Darras Hall Grassland

…ing from gorse Ulex europaeus in the eastern part of the site to dense hawthorn Crataegus monogyna in the west, with some areas of mixed hawthorn and willow Salix spp.

Grimsthorpe Park

… avenues of horse chestnut Aesculus hippocastanum and scattered hawthorn bushes Crataegus monogyna. The site lies partly on boulder clay and partly directly on the Lincolnshire limestone and these changes are reflected by the ground vegetation. This is largely rough unimproved pa…

Old River Severn, Upper Lode

…lium perenne with mugwort Artemisia vulgaris, dog rose Rosa canina and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The nationally rare swamp meadow grass Poa palustris grows in this area. Above the river banks on the inside of the meander developing woodland is again dominated by willow species…

Robbinetts

…pus. Scrub is scattered on the drier ground and is largely composed of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. with a small amount of broom Cytisus scoparius and black thorn Prunus spinosa.

Brown's Close Meadow

…e site boundaries are species rich hedges with ash Fraxinus excelsior, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, elder Sambucus nigra and goat willow Salix caprea. The invertebrate fauna includes small skipper Thymelicus sylvestris, meadow brown Maniola jurtina and ringlet Aphantopus hyperan…

Coed Trefraith

…ub layer, together with holly Ilex aquifolium, rowan Sorbus aucuparia, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, and extensive carpets of bramble Rubus fruticosus. The ground flora is varied and typically includes dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis, wood sanicle …

Twinhills Woods and Meadows

…nus glutinosa. The shrub layer is dominated by hazel but there is also hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, spindle Euonymus europaeus, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, elder Sambucus nigra and holly Ilex aquifolium. The field layer in …

Hendre, Llangedwyn

…e hedges are dominated by hazel Corylus avellana with locally abundant hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, ash Fraxinus excelsior, holly Ilex aquifolium, field maple Acer campestre, alder Alnus glutinosa, crab apple Malus sylvestris and oak Quercus sp. The mix…

Thrislington Plantation

…nds, which are being monitored for change. Scattered scrub, chiefly of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. occurs throughout the site, with a variety of roses Rosa spp. including burnet rose Rosa spinosissima. Woodland is a habitat of subsidiary importan…

Range Farm Fields

…ty of the site and its value for wildlife. Mixed hedgerows, chiefly of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, bramble Rubus fruticosus, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, field maple Acer campestre and field rose Rosa arvensis surround the fields. hawthorn and bramble are also the main components …

Parc Bodlondeb and Gwenallt-parc, Lixwm

…aurel Daphne laureola in the scrub and woodland. Gorse Ulex europaeus, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa scrub occurs throughout the site and forms dense stands in places. Oak Quercus robur and ash Fraxinus excelsior woodland occurs on the edges of the sit…

Penllwyn Grasslands

… and ash Fraxinus excelsior; scrub dominated by alder Alnus glutinosa, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and gorse Ulex europaeus. A large part of the woodland is referable to the typical sub-community of Quercus robur – Pteridium aquilinum – Rubus fruticosus woodland. The very rare wo…

Tyddyn-y-barcut

…n spotted-orchid Dactylorhiza fuchsii and tormentil Potentilla erecta. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna bushes are scattered across parts of the site and there are several areas of dense bracken Pteridium aquilinum. Ash Fraxinus excelsior woodland and blackthorn Prunus spinosa scrub o…

Stockton Wood and Down

…ulgare, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, with gorse Ulex europaeus on areas of superficial clay deposits. The occurrence of many hundreds of bushes of juniper Juniperus communis is of particular interest. They occur as yo…

Great Shuttlesfield Down

…ch in plants. There are a few areas of very scattered scrub, mainly of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, on the grassland and there are hedges along parts of the fence line. The invertebrate interest of the area is centred on the Adonis blue butterfly mentioned above. Other, more wide…

Bann Estuary

…xinus excelsior and alder Alnus glutinosa, with an open shrub layer of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. A field layer is widespread with bramble Rubus fruticosus, great horsetail Equisetum telmateia and ferns, particularly lady fern Athyrium filix-femina and broad buckler fern Dryopt…

Langdon Ridge

…d to the development of large areas of mature scrub, characteristic of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna – ivy Hedera helix communities. The woodlands also support locally important populations of breeding birds and butterflies. Invertebrates The landscape-scale suite of habitats prov…

Nine Holes Meadows

…ylvestris and pear Pyrus communis trees, while boundary hedges include hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and ash Fraxinus excelsior, together with mature white willow Salix alba and field maple Acer campestre. A small brook forms the south west boundary.

Kennet Valley Alderwoods

… layer of scattered hazel Corylus avellana, grey willow Salix cinerea, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and guelder rose Viburnum opulus with occasional spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica. The wettest parts support yellow flag Iris ps…

Marsland to Clovelly Coast

… with an understorey hazel Corylus avellana, holly Ilex aquifolium and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. Alder Alnus glutinosa and willows Salix spp. occur along the streamsides and wet valley bottoms. The rare Devon whitebeam Sorbus devoniensis is present. Much of the ground flora is…

Gunnerton Nick

…poil derived from past quarrying has been colonised by scrub including hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and some hazel Corylus avellana. There are small stands of mature ash Fraxinus excelsior beneath which the flora has a woodland character including dog’s …

Kingley Vale

…owhawk. The calcareous scrub of the escarpment is principally of yew, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. Juniper Juniperus communis, a plant which has a restricted distribution in the county, occurs as an important component of the calcareous scrub in part…

Stafford Brook

…ow Salix fragilis with an understorey of downy birch Betula pubescens, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, elder Sambucus nigra and sallows Salix spp. Nettle Urtica dioica occurs extensively in the ground flora, with greater tussock sedge Carex paniculata and common reed occurring local…

Hog Cliff

…icus spp. Scrub is found principally on the upper slopes and contains hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, hazel Corylus avellana, bramble Rubus fruticosus and common and western gorses Ulex europaeus and Ulex gallii. The woodlands are typical of the small woo…

Quants

…el Corylus avellana, but many other species are also present including hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, holly Ilex aquifolium, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum and rowan Sorbus aucuparia. The ground flora is variable and is usually dominated by bluebell Hya…

Bishop's Wood

…d oak Quercus spp, with a dense shrub layer of hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, field maple Acer campestre, holly Ilex aquifolium with regeneration of ash and some sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus. Also present but at a lower cover are spindle Euonymus europaeus, …

Wrightington Bar Pasture

…ands. Scrub invasion is apparent throughout the entire site, typically hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and gorse Ulex europaeus on the drier slopes with goat willow Salix caprea and alder Alnus glutinosa in the valley bottom.

Rue Hill

…xifrage Pimpinella major. In places this community is being invaded by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna scrub and scattered mature bushes occur throughout the site. Locally, on the tops of cliffs and spoil mounds, there are pockets of vegetation associated with mildly acidic, calcium …

Belvoir

…, horse chestnut Aesculus hippocastanum, sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and occasional sweet chestnut Castanea sativa. Of particular note is a large-girthed ancient oak Quercus sp. tree which is in an advanced state of retrenchment and completely hollow…

Woodham Walter Common

…azel Corylus avellana, aspen Populus tremula, elder Sambucus nigra and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna are present in the understorey. The ground flora is dominated by bracken Pteridium aquilinum, bramble Rubus spp., yellow archangel Lamiastrum galeobdolon, sanicle Sanicula europaea,…

Shiplate Slait

…s a gradual transition between the grassland and woodland and includes hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, privet Ligustrum vulgare, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, traveller’s joy Clematis vitalba and black bryony Tamus communis. Vegetation around the scrub is not as heavily grazed as…

Minchinhampton Common

… has developed in many parts of the site and is generally dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, bramble Rubus fruticosus and dog rose Rosa canina. The local juniper Juniperus communis is an important component in part of the Common. A small amount of broad leaved woodland occ…

Tower Hill to Cockham Wood

…ted for the most part byelm Ulmus spp., field maple Acer campestre and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. However, many other shrubs are also represented including some characteristic of base rich soils, such as dogwood Cornus sanguinea and others of more acid soils, such as honeysuckl…

Beeston Brook Pasture

…d Dactylorhiza fuchsii. Scattered scrub, comprising of rose Rosa spp, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa is present throughout the grassland. A strip of alder Alnus glutinosa woodland occurs along the edge of Beeston Brook.

Tudor Farm Bank

…lantago lanceolata. Thickets of developing scrub composed of a mix of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and bramble Rubus fruticosus are frequent and form a dense pocket in one corner of the site. Plants associated with woodland occur here including false br…

Beechmill Wood and Pasture

…There is a well developed shrub layer containing elder Sambucus nigra, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, crab apple Malus sylvestris and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Under the oak dominated areas hazel Corylus avellana is abundant. As in other clough woodlands the more acidic upper s…

Millwater

…vae mine the stems of sallow. The flowers of shrubs such as sallow and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna early in the season and umbels such as wild angelica in mid summer are important for flower visiting species such as the hoverflies of which a very rich fauna 93 out of approx. 260 …

Willingford Meadows

…nbeam Carpinus betulus coppice and a mature hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna hedge that forms, with a stream, the boundary to parts of the site.

Sherburn Willows

…er of the site largely comprises areas of goat willow Salix caprea and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna scrub and a small piece of woodland containing ash Fraxinus excelsior. Other Information Part of this site is managed as a nature reserve by the Yorkshire Wildlife Trust.

Bredon Hill

…found all along the northern side of the hill. Nectar sources, such as hawthorn Crataegus monogyna in hedgerows and scrub and thistles Cirsium spp. in grasslands, are important feeding and mating sites for the adults of saproxylic insects. Data currently available list 16 invert…

Roman Road

…nd greater knapweed Centaurea scabiosa. The hedgerows are dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosabut include a good variety of additional shrub.

Whitevine Meadows

…ossum vulgatum. Dense scrub dominated by blackthorn Prunus spinosa and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna has developed on formerly cultivated land in the last 100 years. Other shrubs present include the calcium loving species privet Ligustrum vulgare, spindle Euonymus europaeus and dog…

Breedon Hill

…oronopus and wall pepper Sedum acre. The grassland is being invaded by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna scrub.

Frome St. Quintin

…ree draining sandy soils with an open understorey of occasional holly, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and locally hazel coppice. bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta is abundant with greater stitchwort Stellaria holostea, creeping soft grass Holcus mollis and locally, bracken Pteridiu…

North Solent

…ough lichen rich heathland and gorse scrub to mixed oak Quercus robur, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna scrub. Between the shingle ridges both at Gravelly Marsh and to the east at Lepe Beach, brackish pools and lagoons occur. These are fed by a mix of base deficient freshwater and sea…

Aghanloo Wood

…and is characterised by its thorny nature. It includes such species as hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa, with the latter frequently forming dense thickets in recently colonised clearings. The field layer consists of a mixture of ferns and patches of bramb…

Bonds Glen

…nd is accompanied by rowan Sorbus aucuparia, holly Ilex aquifolium and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. Where grazing is absent, the woodland floor is covered by a thick carpet of great wood rush Luzula sylvatica, with bilberry Vaccinium myrtillus present in the most acidic soil cond…

Lough Scolban

…opy. The dense shrub layer is dominated by hazel Corylus avellana with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and holly Ilex aquifolium. Bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. is the main component of the field layer, with ferns such as scaly male fern Dryopteris affinis, male fern Dryopteris filix-…

Ithon Valley Woodlands

…irch Betula pendula and Betula pubescens, goat willow Salix caprea and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The drier areas are intermediate in character between the oak-birch-wood sorrel (Quercus-Betula-Oxalis acetosella) vegetation type and the more base-rich ash-rowan-dog’s mercury (F…

Pinkney and Gerrick Woods

…oped, including hazel Corylus avellana, with holly Ilex aquifolium and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna as well as sparsly distributed blackthorn Prunus spinosa and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora comprises an intricate mosaic of plant communities which reflect local va…

The Quantocks

…ch Betula pubescens, holly Ilex aquifolium, rowan Sorbus aucuparia and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, The ground flora tends to be dominated by wavy hair grass, bilberry and common cow wheat but hairy wood rush Luzula pilosa, honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum and heather are also …

Freston and Cutler's Woods With Holbrook Park

… aquifolium, rowan Sorbus aucuparia, wild crab apple Malus sylvestris, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and the rare wild service tree Sorbus torminalis. sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus is a more recent introduction to Freston Wood and has become dominant in some parts of that wood. In t…

Harting Downs

…verished sward. Scrub is invading open downland over much of the site. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna is the dominant species on the scarp slopes. Whilst on the dip the association is more varied and includes dogwood Cornus sanguinea, gorse Ulex europaeus, blackthorn Prunus spinosa …

Monk's Dale

…mportant component. Scrub in the dales is varied; much is derived from hawthorn Crataegus monogyna encroachment onto the grassland, some of it being 80 to 100 years old. This scrub is enriched with blackthorn Prunus spinosa, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and rose Rosa spp. In seve…

Hamps and Manifold Valleys

…distinctive stand type with ash and either sessile or pedunculate oak. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna is extensively co-dominant, particularly in more open areas. Holly Ilex aquifolium is locally frequent together with a wide variety of other calcicolous shrubs including dogwood Cor…

Dirlot Gorge

…es and shrubs including rowan Sorbus aucuparia, aspen Populus tremula, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, bird cherry Prunus padus, and the nationally scarce downy currant Ribes spicatum. The ground flora is species-rich and contains the nationally scarce shade horsetail Equisetum prat…

Littlemarsh Common

…crub colonisation to take place, with willow Salix caprea and S. alba, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa being dominant. Other interesting species include spindle Euonomus europaeus and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. This mixture of grassland, semi aquatic …

Checkhill Bogs

…cer pseudoplatanus. hazel Corylus avellana, rowan Sorbus aucuparia and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna form a patchy shrub layer over bracken Pteridium aquilinum, bramble Rubus fruticosus and creeping soft grass Holcus mollis. The long undisturbed character of the site, the high humi…

Chaceley Meadow

…, a rare species within Gloucestershire. The site is bounded by mature hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa hedges with numerous large White willow Salix alba pollards. Open ditches along the northern boundary provide additional aquatic species interest to th…

Cayton, Cornelian and South Bays

…stris occur. Here the grassland is rank and contains abundant scrub of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, elder Sambucus nigra and gorse Ulex europaeus. The most species rich grassland has common spotted orchid Dactylorhiza fuchsii, twayblade Neottia ovata, glaucous sedge Carex flacca…

Ballidon Dale

…s salad burnet and lady's bedstraw. Small areas of dense and scattered hawthorn Crataegus monogyna scrub occur on the slopes where the side dales join the main dale.

Donington Park

…f mature lime Tilia sp and sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus. Old bushes of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna are also present together with a few old false acacia Robinia pseudoacacia. Associated with the old oaks is a rich and characteristic invertebrate fauna which includes many species …

Duddon Estuary

…nd comprises a mixture of ash Fraxinus excelsior, oak Quercus petraea, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and willow Salix species. The ground flora is varied and includes Carex strigosa at the northern edge of its range. Natterjack Toad The natterjack toad is a nationally rare species…

Chichester Harbour

…ard grass Polypogon monspeliensis. Significant blocks of scrub, mainly hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa occur which are important for breeding and roosting birds. Hedgerows of oak Quercus robur are common and in some places the oak roots are strongly inf…

Blandford Camp

…racteristic of the eastern Dorset chalk. buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana are frequent with scattered traveller’s joy Clematis vitalba, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare and hazel Corylus avellana.…

Cotland Plantation

… the canopy towards the western end. The understorey is a rich mix of hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna), ash (Fraxinus excelsior), wych elm (Ulmus glabra), elder (Sambucus nigra), blackthorn (Prunus spinosa), rowan (Sorbus aucuparia) and climbers such as honeysuckle (Lonicera pericly…

Knock Dhu Sallagh Braes

…l stunted forms of shrub species such as blackthorn Prunus spinosa and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The deeply shaded rocks in this habitat support a luxuriant abundance of bryophytes, mainly common species, but with some large colonies ofoceanic plants such as prickly featherwor…

Kingston Escarpment & Iford Hill

… europaeus are confined to the upper scarp whilst odd bushes of gorse, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, elder Sambucus nigra, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana occur throughout. Kingston Escarpment is noted for its invertebrate fauna which includes the nati…

Straghans Lough

… bracken Pteridium aquilinum and scrub including gorse Ulex europaeus, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and rowan Sorbus aucuparia, with occasional dry heath, dominated by heather Calluna vulgaris with bilberry Vaccinium myrtillus and bell heather Erica cinerea. In addition, the area …

Loughaveely

…amble Rubus fruticosus and scrub dominated by gorse Ulex europaeus and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. In addition to some of the species listed above, the area supports a number of scarce plants, such as cowbane Cicuta virosa and the moss Calliergon cordifolium. Loughaveely is also…

Greenan Lough

…ana is the dominant species. with occasional holly Ilex aquifolium and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, and a few mature sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus, downy birch Betula pubescens and ash Fraxinus excelsior. The field layer is dominated by dense bramble Rubus fruticosus with ivy Hede…

Lea Marsh

…e willow S. alba, grey willow Salix cinerea. goat willow S. caprea and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. Snipe and curlew occasionally breed on the site at one of their few localities in the county and water vole Arvicola amphibius, a declining species, has been recently recorded fro…

Errigal Glen

…r shrub species include holly Ilex aquifolium, rowan Sorbus aucuparia, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and the notable bird cherry Prunus padus, with willow Salix spp. in wetter conditions. Where present, the field layer consists of a mixture of ferns including broad buckler fern Dry…

Thwaite House Moss

…ow S. fragilis, purple willow Salix purpurea, elder Sambucus nigra and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The many ditches are characterised by alder. The woodland ground flora is characterised by tufted sedge Carex elata, common sedge C. nigra, brown sedge Carex disticha, meadowsweet…

Kirton Wood, Notts

…r and contains a rich shrub community of which hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, field maple Acer campestre, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and privet Ligustrum vulgare are the most abundant components. The ground vegetation is dominated by bramble Rubus fruticosus,…

Chawridge Bourne

…l development. The grassland which, in part, is invaded by thickets of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa scrub, ranges from rank, ungrazed areas through short grazed turf to almost bare ground where some topsoil has been scraped away in the past. The tall …

St. Catherine's Hill

…ownland orchids, though many are in small numbers. Extensive blocks of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna with privet Ligustrum vulgare, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, rose Rosa species and dogwood Cornus sanguinea occupy the north facing slopes of the valley and hill fort, with isolated sh…

Hoar Park Wood

…hes of young alder and guelder rose Viburnum opulus and the occasional hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The ground flora is dominated by male fern Dryopteris filix-mas and bluebell with tufted hair grass Deschampsia cespitosa, wood sedge Carex sylvatica, wood sorrel Oxalis acetosella…

Cleaves Wood

…rub layer which also includes spindle Euonymus europaeus, field maple, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and elder Sambucus nigra. English elm Ulmus procera and wych elm Ulmus glabra, frequent in the canopy prior to Dutch elm disease, have regenerated from stumps and roots and together…

Barle Valley

…ver the base-rich shales. The well developed shrub layer here includes hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa. The field layer is much more diverse. Eighty five woodland vascular plant species have been recorded including thirty one ancient woodland indicators …

Westwood Great Pool

…ered by a strip of ungrazed rough grassland colonised by scrub, mainly hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and willows Salix cinerea and S. fragilis. The southern margin is bordered by woodland with a mixture of species dominated by oak Quercus robur, ash Fraxinus excelsior and birch Bet…

Tytherington Down

…l grazed by cattle and is consequently almost free from scrub although hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and gorse Ulex europaeus occur at the north of the site.

Underlaid Wood

…The shrub layer contains abundant hazel, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and frequent juniper Juniperus communis and dog rose Rosa canina. Wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and spindle Euonymus europaeus are scattered throughout…

Hutton Roof Crags

… scattered trees of ash Fraxinus excelsior, hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna occurs. Other scrub species associated with the pavements include juniper Juniperus communis, yew Taxus baccata, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and the rare…

Harby Hill Wood

… is dominated by ash Fraxinus excelsior, sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and elder Sambucus nigra and is notable for containing colonies of wild daffodil Narcissus pseudonarcissus. A number of springs issue from the scarp within the woodland and have giv…

Scoska Wood

…h Fraxinus excelsior with an understorey of hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna; sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus, downy birch Betula pubescens and bird cherry Prunus padus also occur. There is a rich ground flora, dominated locally by tufted hair grass Deschampsia…

Bwrdd Arthur

…crub with stands of common gorse Ulex europaeus, elder Sambucus nigra, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and bramble Rubus. The limestone grassland includes characteristic species such as common rockrose Helianthemum nummularium, pale St. John's-wort Hypericu…

Caerau Uchaf

…icia orobus. Alder Alnus glutinosa occurs around the stream along with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, beech Fagus sylvatica and sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus along field boundaries.

Northaw Great Wood

…a also occurs. The generally sparse shrub layer is comprised mainly of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, holly Ilex aquifolium and hazel Corylus avellana. blackthorn Prunus spinosa locally forms dense thickets which along with re growth from hornbeam coppice, is attractive to nighting…

Coed y Gell and Morfa Dulas

…notably hazel Corylus avellana, but additionally elder Sambucus nigra, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa are particularly abundant. There are basic cornstone bands in the Old Red Sandstone and shrub species such as spindle Euonymus europaeus, characteristi…

Wolford Wood and Old Covert

…s sanguinea, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, field rose Rosa arvensis, hawthorn. Crataegus monogyna and ivy Hedera helix. In Old Covert there are a number of groups of ash and wych elm Ulmus glabra. The rich ground flora is dominated by bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. and in the wet…

Avenue Meadow

…ern limit of its distribution. The meadow is bounded on three sides by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna hedges, with occasional blackthorn Prunus spinosa and rose Rosa spp. and on the fourth side by a stream.

Lineover Wood

…derstorey includes hazel Corylus avellana, field maple Acer campestre, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, and, in localised areas, lime loving calcicole shrubs such as wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spindle Euonymus europaeus. The ground flora is rich and…

Lorton

… important here. There is a diverse under-storey with shrubs including hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, hazel Corylus avellana, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, holly Ilex aquifolium, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and privet Ligustrum vulgare. There is also a rich ground flora which includes…

Lyscombe and Highdon

…land. The scrub is typically varied and contains gorse Ulex europaeus, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, bramble Rubus fruticosus agg., blackthorn Prunus spinosa, privet Ligustrum vulgare and an unusual amount of holly Ilex aquifolium. The woodland is mostly ash Fraxinus excelsior wit…

Portsdown

…port a rich chalk grassland flora and a rich and diverse insect fauna. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna scrub is extensive and much of the grassland is dominated by upright brome Bromus erectus, a tall vigorous species which responds rapidly to lack of grazing. Areas of finer turf dom…

Ottery Valley

… clumps of royal fern. Of particular interest and growing on the hawthorn scrub Crataegus monogyna is the rare golden hair lichen Teloschistes flavicans. Areas of open water, although artificially created and regrettably resulting from past loss of Culm grassland vegetation, now…

Prawle Point and Start Point

…scrub dominated by gorse Ulex europaeus, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. Bloody cranesbill Geranium sanguineum is common in these communities, with the rare ivy broomrape Orobanche hederae and bastard balm Melittis melissophyllum. The ‘head’ cliffs sup…

Aldermaston Gravel Pits

…ariety of trees and shrubs including oak, ash, cherry Prunus avium and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna with a dense ground flora including much stinging nettle Urtica dioica and bramble Rubus fruticosus. The outer margin of the site is partly occupied by a plantation of poplars Popul…

Oxenber and Wharfe Woods

…ior and hazel Corylus avellana are the dominant tree species with some hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and rowan Sorbus aucuparia. The ground flora shows elements both of woodland and grassland communities; herbs such as dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis and wood sorrel Oxalis aceto…

Roughdown Common

…rt of the site and a mosaic of chalk grassland exists amongst adjacent hawthorn Crataegus monogyna scrub. meadow fescue Schedonorus pratensis and meadow oat grass Avenula pratensis are dominant with frequent crested hair grass Koeleria macrantha, quaking grass Briza media and com…

The Allers and Lilburn Valley Junipers

…zel Corylus avellana, rowan, elder Sambucus nigra, willows Salix spp., hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and downy birch Betula pubescens. The field layer is dominated by soft rush Juncus effusus, Yorkshire fog Holcus lanatus, bracken, tufted hair grass Deschampsia cespitosa and marsh …

Old Burghclere Lime Quarry

…oot Dactylis glomerata are abundant. The scrub community, dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and goat willow Salix caprea, with typical calcicole shrubs such as dogwood Cornus sanguinea and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, is already beginning to …

Hurston Warren

…epresented by a more mature woodland of oak, holly Ilex aquifolium and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The third stand type has colonised former areas of fen and wet heath; it is composed of oak, downy birch Betula pubescens, alder Alnus glutinosa and sallow Salix cinerea above eith…

The Wild Grounds

… and ash Fraxinus excelsior. The shrub layer is confined to scattered hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and holly Ilex aquifolium and the ground flora is dominated by bracken Pteridium, butcher's broom Ruscus aculeatus and wood spurge Euphorbia amygdaloides. The epiphytic lichen flora…

Crickley Hill and Barrow Wake

…and dense scrub occurs over several parts of the site. Species include hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, hazel Corylus avellana, elder Sambucus nigra, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and gorse Ulex europaeus. The site includes the Scrubbs, an area of woodland dominated by mature beech…

Hope's Nose to Wall's Hill

…llana, spindle Euonymus europaeus, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. There is a rich ground flora, with many species characteristic of long-established woodland such as wood spurge Euphorbia amygdaloides, dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis, pignut C…

Horse Dale and Holm Dale

…us corniculatus, salad burnet and thyme Thymus praecox. Small areas of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna scrub are present on both slopes.

Danbury Common

…se with large stands of gorse Ulex europaeus, broom Cytisus scoparius, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna or blackthorn Prunus spinosa, with a variable cover of larger trees and shrubs, but sometimes more open and diverse in a complex mosaic with other types of vegetation including brac…

Irthing Gorge

…osa, with ash and oak on the drier fringes. rowan Sorbus aucuparia and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna occur occasionally in the lower stretches, but are more abundant towards the head of the gorge at the waterfall known as Crammel Linn. Yew Taxus baccata occurs on cliff ledges in th…

Kedleston Park

…ad wood beetles found at Kedleston and this is provided principally by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna bushes within the Park. Over 130 wood eating lignicolous beetle species have been recorded from Kedleston including one national rarity, Atomaria morio and 24 others which are nati…

Saltburn Gill

…vium. The shrub layer is composed of hazel Corylus avellana, scattered hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa, with occasional holly Ilex aquifolium, gooseberry Ribes uva-crispa, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and spindle Euonymus europaeus. Dense patches of rege…

Roman River

…Ulex europaeus, broom Cytisus scoparius, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The woodland is ancient, mainly high forest with the remains of a coppice with standards structure. Pedunculate and sessile oaks Quercus robur and Q. petraea are dominant with patc…

Wilmington Downs

…but more mixed belts are present with wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa. In places scrubby woodlands have developed over the mixed scrub with ash Fraxinus excelsior and sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus being dominant. More matu…

Wimboldsley Wood

…inated by grey willow Salix cinerea. Elsewhere hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, holly Ilex aquifolium and guelder rose Viburnum opulus occur with occasional spindle Euonymus europaeus. Between the pools and the tops of the slopes the ground flora is rich and v…

Thrang Wood

…le oak Quercus petraea over limestone pavement. Shrubs present include hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, crab apple Malus sylvestris and spindle Euonymus europaeus. Yew woodland is a rare habitat of international importance. The grikes of wooded pavements support shade tolerant plants…

Muckton Wood

…as hazel coppice with standards. A well developed shrub layer includes hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, holly Ilex aquifolium and blackthorn Prunus spinosa. Wood margins have abundant field maple Acer campestre with aspen Populus tremula. Brambles, Rubus spp. dominate part of the gro…

Cynffig / Kenfig

… Areas of scrub are scattered throughout the site, including stands of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa. There are also stands of poplar Populus x.candicans and P. tremula on dry dunes and of birch Betula spp. and willow Salix spp. in wetter slacks and ar…

Townsend

…on. Areas of well developed dense mature blackthorn Prunus spinosa and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna scrub provide valuable cover for many migrant and breeding birds including, in some seasons, nightingale Luscinia megarhynchos. Old boundary dry stone walls provide further importan…

Brasside Pond

…ctus lacustris. Adjacent scrub contains pedunculate oak Quercus robur, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and willows Salix spp. Aquatic plants include mare’s tail Hippuris vulgaris, fennel pondweed Potamogeton pectinatus, spiked water milfoil Myriophyllum spicatum, common duckweed Lemn…

Cropton Banks and Howlgate Head Woods

…dards, whereas standard trees are scarce in Howlgate Head Wood. hazel, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and holly Ilex aquifolium are common throughout the shrub layer, with occasional guelder rose Viburnum opulus, field maple Acer campestre and bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. The woods…

Blindley Heath

…s nissolia. Mature trees of pedunculate oak Quercus robur and scrub of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, sallow Salix cinerea and blackthorn Prunus spinosa are scattered throughout the grassland. The open sward also supports one of the best colonies in Surrey of the lesser marsh gras…

East Wood, Great Casterton

…t characterised by privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, hazel Corylus avellana and spindle Euonymus europaeus. In wetter areas the ground flora is dominated by tufted hair grass Deschampsia cespitosa, but on the better drained soils a d…

Rye Street Meadows

…. They are surrounded by largely unmanaged hedges consisting mainly of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, field maple Acer campestre and blackthorn Prunus spinosa. This last species is now encroaching into the grassland. There is a small pond which dries up in dry weather in one of the…

Broughton Far Wood

…and these now form a dense scrub with natural regrowth of ash, oak and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. Other Information 1. Part of the site was formerly notified as Clapgate Pit's SSSI, but during the 1985 revision it has been extended to include Far Wood. Far Wood itself was firs…

Charity Land

…ss, meadowsweet and marsh marigold. Derelict hedgerows, principally of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa, lie within and around the site.

Burfa Boglands

…ow Salix cinerea occasionally occurs in the shrub layer, and scattered hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and hazel Corylus avellana are also present. Guelder-rose Viburnum opulus is a component of these types, though of very sparse occurrence. The ground flora varies from mesotrophic m…

Corbylin Wood

…species present include holly Ilex aquifolium, rowan Sorbus aucuparia, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and in wetter conditions, willow Salix spp. Where it is present, the field layer consists of a mixture of ferns, thickets of bramble Rubus fruticosus and locally in the most acidic …

Crews Hill Wood

…h hornbeam and ash Fraxinus excelsior, together with an understorey of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, hazel Corylus avellana, field maple Acer campestre and elder Sambucus nigra. The remainder of the site supports three other woodland types in which sessile oak and ash are in assoc…

Climping Beach

…nd sea holly Eryngium maritimum. Scrub of tamarisk Tamarix gallica and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna has developed in a few places behind the shingle. Sand dunes are fragile systems, susceptible to erosion and often unstable. Stablilised parts of these dunes are dominated by marra…

Coedydd Capel Dyddgen

…rylus avellana, often with dense growths of blackthorn Prunus spinosa, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and holly Ilex aquifolium at the woodland edges; much of the hazel being formerly coppiced. Wild cherry Prunus avium and spindle Euonymus europaeus occur as occasional components of…

Freeholders Wood

…ture of mature and recently coppiced hazel. There are also thickets of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa while standard trees include ash Fraxinus excelsior, rowan Sorbus aucuparia, bird cherry Prunus padus and holly Ilex aquifolium. Wych elm Ulmus glabra …

High Dyke

…ed by scattered scrub of elder Sambucus nigra, ash Fraxinus excelsior, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, which occurs along the boundary with adjacent arable fields. Areas of bare ground in the centre of the tract provide a habitat for arable weeds su…

The Cliffs of Magho

… species are ash Fraxinus excelsior and goat willow Salix caprea, with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and holly Ilex aquifolium in the understorey. The field layer is dominated in places by bramble Rubus fruticosus and soft shield fern Polystichum setiferum. The upper slopes are dri…

North Luffenham Quarry

… Ophrys apifera. The grassland is being invaded by scrub, particularly hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, but also dogwood Cornus sanguinea and buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica. The mosaic of grassland and scrub provide an ideal habitat for a diverse insect fauna, including butterflies.

Ladyhills

…l species of uncommon occurrence on the Northern chalk. Scrub, chiefly hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, has colonised parts of the site.

Belshaw

…vading the grassland and there is some development of shrubs including hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, bramble Rubus fruticosus and roses Rosa spp., along the track sides.

Lower Saleway Farm Meadows

…within and surrounding the site are old and species rich, dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and with both bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta and dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis in the hedge bottom.

Copmill Hill

…weed Genista tinctoria. Part of the site has become scrubbed over with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare. The main interest of the site is for its butterflies and moths. Thirty species of butterfly occurhere including the nati…

Ling Gill

…sed situations. The shrub layer consists of hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. Calcareous strata, exposed on the lower slopes, support a rich ground flora and tall herb communities are well developed; species of note include wood crane's bill Geranium sylvati…

Alderford Common

…adowsweet Filipendula ulmaria. The thick blackthorn Prunus spinosa and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna scrub provides suitable nesting sites for a wide range of breeding birds including the largest population of nightingales in East Norfolk. Other notable breeding birds are lesser wh…

Merriman's Hill Farm Meadows

…lis all of which are scarce in the county. Surrounding the meadows are hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa hedges containing a range of woody species including holly Ilex aquifolium, gorse Ulex europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and more important, small le…

Lydstep Head to Tenby Burrows

…th occasional bramble Rubus fruticosus, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, wild madder Rubia peregrina and, at Proud Giltar, the calcareous scrub includes a stand of butcher's-broom Ruscus aculeatus which is probably native. Since the beginning of the 19t…

Math and Elsea Wood

… is rather sparse, although coppiced hazel Corylus avellana and common hawthorn Crataegus monogyna are present. Math Wood has a coppice with standards structure, principally of pedunculate oak and ash standards over neglected hazel and field maple Acer campestre coppice. Wild ser…

Aules Hill Meadows

… steep, unmown bank at the eastern edge of the site supports scattered hawthorn Crataegus monogyna scrub and the grassland here includes common spotted orchid Dactylorhiza fuchsii, cat’s ear Hypochaeris radicata, bitter vetch Lathyrus montanus, water avens Geum rivale and bluebel…

Porth Ceiriad, Porth Neigwl ac Ynysoedd Sant Tudwal

…eral different scrub communities, the most abundant being dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and ivy Hedera helix. Other features of special interest are the stands of great horsetail Equisetum telmateia and colt’s foot Tussilago farfara on the cliff slopes at the western …

Coed Allt Craig Arth

…storey of hazel Corylus avellana, occasional holly Ilex aquifolium and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, and a typical herb flora normally associated with acidic western oakwoods. The south side of the river is narrower and has generally more mixed woodland. Numerous wet flushes occur…

The Wern, Rhosgoch

…Acer campestre canopy has developed with hazel, holly Ilex aquifolium, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and bird cherry Prunus padus in the shrub layer and bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta, wood avens Geum urbanum, yellow archangel Lamiastrum galeobdolon and herb-robert Geranium rob…

Brantingham Dale

…ominated by false oak grass Arrhenatherum elatius. Dense scrub, mostly hawthorn Crataegus monogyna has developed over much of the site and there is now young woodland of ash Fraxinus excelsior and silver birch Betula pendula in places. There is also a small area of mature ash woo…

Wingate Quarry

…farinosa occur in open vegetation in damper parts of the quarry. Dense hawthorn Crataegus monogyna scrub has developed in parts of the quarry and locally is being invaded by ash Fraxinus excelsior. Herb Robert Geranium robertianum, crosswort Cruciata laevipes, hedge woundwort Sta…

Briarwood Banks

…ylus avellana is the most abundant shrub but holly Ilex aquifolium and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna are also present. The ground flora, like the canopy species, reflects variations in soil conditions. Base rich soils of the lower slopes support a varied cover of dog’s mercury Merc…

Lewes Downs

…esent. Scrub which has invaded in several areas, is composed mainly of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare. Areas of ash Fraxinus excelsior woodland occur on the easter…

Congrove Field and The Tumps

…wkbit Centaurea nigra– Leontodon hispidus variants. Scattered scrub of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and bramble Rubus present in both areas, providing both structural diversity and is shelter for invertebrates.

Chinnor Hill

…n England. Large areas of the site are covered by dense mixed scrub of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, elder Sambucus nigra, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, spindle Euonymus europaeus, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, guelder ro…

Shimna River

…Betula pubescens, hazel Corylus avellana, goat willow Salix caprea and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. However, in a few locations, impressive mature sessile oak Quercus petraea line the river. The field layer is a mixture of bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. and ferns while the ground …

Water End Swallow Holes

…carr, on the more stable ground, is dominated by willow Salix spp. and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna with lesser pond sedge Carex acutiformis, bulrush Typha latifolia and yellow iris Iris pseudacorus beneath. Also integral with the sink hole group are semi natural woodland, scrub a…

Combe Bottom

…the North Downs where this species occurs. Other scrub species include hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica. As the scrub grades into unimproved chalk grassland the sward is dominated by tor grass Brachypodium pinnatum and upright brome Bromus erectus, wit…

Lullington Heath

…her flora of wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, elder Sambucus nigra and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. Rough grassland of false oat grass Arrhenatherum elatius and cock's foot Dactylis glomerata occurs in parts of the mixed scrub. The scrub is locally valuable for breeding birds inc…

Lodge Hill

…l range of chalk species, of which dogwood much of this also moribund, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, elder and buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica are the most abundant. Gorse and rowan occur on the highest part of the hill, the first apparently marking a capping of superficial more acid…

Waterdale

…. Scrub is developing on some parts of the site and this is usually of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, but there is also gorse Ulex europaeus especially on parts of the south facing slope. The dale is noted entomologically for its leafhopper Heteroptera fauna including the uncommon …

One Tree Hill and Bitchet Common

…milar vegetation, though here there is also dense scrub principally of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and elder Sambucus nigra. The top of Shingle Wood and the upper slopes of Broadhoath, Wet Bank and Martins Woods are also on similar soils to Bitchet Comm…

Narborough Bog

…s an area of wet woodland dominated by crack willow Salix fragilis and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and which includes such understorey species as alder buckthorn Frangula alnus, rowan Sorbus aucuparia, field maple Acer campestre, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, dogwood Cornus sangu…

Peake Wood

…ges of succession, with interesting areas of herb rich grassland among hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and bramble Rubus species. This area shows signs of developing into yew and mixed deciduous woodland.

Hall Wood

…e is again a dense shrub layer of coppiced hazel with small amounts of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and field maple Acer campestre. In addition to bramble, the herb layer includes male fern Dryopteris filix-mas, wood sedge Carex sylvatica and wood sorrel Oxalisa cetosella. Two oth…

Northwick Marsh

…th alder Alnus glutinosa, willow Salix sp., ash Fraxinus excelsior and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna scrub. This is separated from the marsh by a raised flood bank with semi improved neutral grassland. Northwick Marsh is also of ornithological interest. In winter it supports concen…

King's Play Hill

…he sheltered dry valleys. The scrub includes privet Ligustrum vulgare, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, elder Sambucus nigra, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, holly Ilex aquifolium and the uncommon juniper Juniperus communis. A diverse community of insects…

Trickses Hole

…llana trees. The remaining boundaries have mature hedges consisting of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, field maple Acer campestre, ash Fraxinus excelsior and pedunculate oak Quercus robur. Invertebrates recorded include meadow brown Maniola jurtina, gatekeeper Pyronia tithonus, sma…

Scar Closes, Kisdon Side

…Fraxinus excelsior and elm Ulmus spp., with hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna persists on the limestone scars within the site.

Rew Down

…site. The grassland is interspersed with blackthorn Prunus spinosa and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna scrub, with some emergent ash Fraxinus excelsior and sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus. The Pleistocene drift material supports dense gorse Ulex europaeus scrub and intervening areas of …

Upper Dunsforth Carrs

…ndulifera is frequent along the stream side. There is an area of dense hawthorn Crataegus monogyna in the southwest of the site.

Middlebarrow

…The shrub layer contains abundant hazel, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and occasional juniper Juniperus communis and dog rose Rosa canina. Wild privet Ligustrum vulgare and spindle Euonymus europaeus are scattered throughout …

Taylor's Rough & Wellmeadow Wood

…s and wych elm Ulmus glabra. hazel is abundant in the shrub layer with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, elder Sambucus nigra and infrequently dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The southern spur is of a very different character being dominated by alder and ash on extensive flushed slopes. Wel…

Coed Cwm Einion

… understorey coppiced hazel Corylus avellana is common, with scattered hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and isolated crab apple Malus sylvestris. The ground flora is dominated by grasses, especially common bent Agrostis capillaris, sweet vernal-grass Anthoxanthum odoratum and red fesc…

Coed Dyrysiog

…sh is commonest in wetter flushed areas. The rich shrub layer includes hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, field maple Acer campestre and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. A very variable ground flora ranges from species-poor communities dominated by bilberry Vaccinium myrtillus with common…

Coed Merchlyn

…and a variety of scrub species including blackthorn Prunus spinosa and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, together with saplings of the main canopy species. Remarks: Within the Snowdonia National Park.

Drostre Bank

…ids Quercus spp., with a shrub layer of hazel, rowan Sorbus aucuparia, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and locally abundant holly Ilex aquifolium. The field layer is a patchy mix of bramble Rubus fruticosus agg., bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta and creeping soft grass Holcus molli…

Graig Fawr

…ly dominated by ash Fraxinus excelsior with hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna as under shrubs. Other tree and shrub species include oak Quercus spp., field maple Acer campestre, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, wych elm Ulmus glabra, spindle Euonymus europaeus and …

Glenarm Woods

…e trees are absent. Other shrub species include holly Ilex aquifolium, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and in wetter conditions, bird cherry Prunus padus and willow Salix spp. Where it is present, the field layer consists of a mixture of ferns, thickets of bramble Rubus fruticosus ag…

Llwyn-Cus

…purea. The shrub layer consists mostly of hazel Corylus avellana, with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna becoming abundant in glades. The ground layer is diverse, ranging from wet flushes (much used in winter by woodcock and snipe) with plants such as smooth-stalked sedge Carex laeviga…

Maes Hiraddug

… ash Fraxinus excelsior with some sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus, whilst hawthorn Crataegus monogyna is the dominant shrub species. Remarks: The eastern most field and the middle field of Maes Hiraddug are both located within the Clwydian Range Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (…

Romsley Manor Farm

… Quercus robur and ash Fraxinus excelsior pollards have been recorded. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa with locally abundant holly Ilex aquifolium form areas of scrub along several hedgerows. Alder Alnus glutinosa is frequent as a hedgerow tree on the dampe…

The Coppice, Kelvedon Hatch

…am standards. The shrub layer is sparse, with occasional hazel, holly, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and elder Sambucus nigra and saplings of ash, holly and rowan Sorbus aucuparia. Related to the variation in the canopy and soil moisture content is a mosaic of communities in the gr…

Ruston Cottage Pasture

… and calcareous grassland, there is a strip of ash/hawthorn Fraxinus excelsior/ Crataegus monogyna woodland around the north western edge, gorse Ulex europaeus and hawthorn scrub of various ages on the valley sides and a small beck. The limestone pasture on the valley sides is ve…

Dove Valley and Biggin Dale

…stricted. Over large parts of the dale sides there is a mixed scrub of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna with ash, which includes many of the woodland shrubs particularly hazel and buckthorn as well as dog rose Rosa canina and blackthorn Prunus spinosa. The grasslands range from those …

Cae Bryn-tywarch

…inated by downy birch Betula pubescens with hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and patches of rusty willow Salix cinerea subsp. Oleifolia add further diversity to the site. Remarks: The site lies within the Brecon Beacons National Park.

Arnecliff and Park Hole Woods

…pread shrub layer of hazel Corylus avellana, some holly and occasional hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The upper acidic parts have widespread wavy hair grass Deschampsia flexuosa, with greater wood rush Luzula sylvatica, hairy wood rush Luzula pilosa, bilberry Vaccinium myrtillus, s…

Eastnor Park

…ercus robur. The shrub layer is very sparse with only a few scattered hawthorns Crataegus monogyna. The ground flora is dominated by bracken Pteridium aquilinum associated with bramble Rubus fruticosus and Yorkshire fog Holcus lanatus. The diversity of the site is enhanced by a n…

Redcar Field

…f the site. Beneath the canopy there is a discontinuous shrub layer of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, grey willow Salix cinerea, black currant Ribes nigrum and field maple Acer campestre. The field layer contains many of the species found in tall fen but includes a number of woodla…

Chiddingfold Forest

… the bulk of the shrub layer with occasional holly Ilex aquifolium and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. Silver birch Betula pendula is found in dryer areas. The herb layer is composed of such species as bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta, enchanter’s nightshade Circaea lutetiana and…

Waltham Brooks

…minated by red fescue grass Festuca rubra and have scattered stands of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and gorse Ulex europaeus scrub; these dry grasslands support a rich assemblage of fungi. East of the railway line the grassland becomes progressively wetter and rushes Juncus specie…

Strawberry Banks

…diversity and value as wildlife habitat. Dominant shrubs and trees are hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, hazel Corylus avellana, ash Fraxinus excelsior and beech Fagus sylvatica. The scrub and stream side add a woodland and wetland component to the flora including ramsons Allium ursin…

The Bottoms

…n Limestone. Scattered scrub, principally of gorse Ulex europaeus and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna occurs throughout the site.

Starling Bank

…s bounded on three sides by species rich hedges which are dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, hazel Corylus avellana and ash Fraxinus excelsior, with wych elm Ulmus glabra, field maple Acer campestre, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and dogwood Cornus sanguinea.

Jenkins Carr

…solated specimens of planted conifers. The scrub layer is dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and elder Sambucus nigra. In the drier parts the ground flora is characterised by extensive patches of bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta and bracken Pteridium aquilinum with moscha…

Little Royal Farm Pastures

…maria and common bent Agrostis capillaris. The pastures are bounded by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna dominated hedges, with ash Fraxinus excelsior, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and oak Quercus spp.

Upper Nene Valley Gravel Pits

…ng timber, occurring with others such as almond willow Salix triandra, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and blackthorn Prunus spinosa. The field layer of this woodland is generally species poor but characteristic of these seasonally inundated stands, wit…

Upton Ham

…dow is a fringing belt of willows Salix sp., alder Alnus glutinosa and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The nationally restricted small flowered winter cress Barbarea stricta occurs on exposed ground in this area. The white legged damselfly Platycnemis pennipes and the nationally sca…

Dalby Bush Fen

…The upper valley sides support semi natural woodland, scattered trees, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa scrub over bracken Pteridium aquilinum.

Ridgeway Wood

…er of other native species occur including field maple Acer campestre, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, wild rivet Ligustrum vulgare, hazel Corylus avellana and wild service tree Sorbus torminalis; a characteristic species of ancient woodland. Some specimens…

Long Mynd

…with a patchy scrub, including gorse Ulex europeus and Ulex gallii and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, developing on lower slopes. Small areas of the valley side have a herb rich grassland associated with shallow soils and more base rich conditions around rocky outcrops. In these ar…

River Camel Valley and Tributaries

…uparia. Fringing areas to the woods support blackthorn Prunus spinosa, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, bramble and bracken characterised vegetation. The nationally rare Cornish bladderseed Physospermum cornubiense and the nationally scarce butterfly pearl-bordered fritillary Boloria…

Stock Wood Meadows

…h and east, with guelder rose Viburnum opulus, hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, field maple Acer campestre, spindle Euonymus europaeus, pedunculateoak Quercus robur and elder Sambucus nigra.

Silbury Hill

…tense and cow parsley Anthriscus sylvestris occupies part of the site. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and dog rose Rosa canina form scattered scrub mainly on the eastern face of the hill. This was recently controlled, by cutti…

Cheddar Wood

…te Oak, ash and hazel are the most common species with some whitebeam, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa. In contrast, the south eastern and south western boundaries of Cheddar Wood used to extend to the sunken, hedged lanes, but asserting of the lower gro…

South Woodburn

…The shrub layer is dominated by hazel Corylus avellana with occasional hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The luxuriant ground flora reflects the base-rich, often saturated nature of the soils with abundant ferns, bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta, wood anemone Anemone nemorosa, ramso…

Allt y Wern

…-rich shrub layer includes holly Ilex aquifolia, elder Sambucus nigra, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, roses Rosa spp., guelder rose Viburnum opulus and blackthorn Prunus spinosa. Dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis, wood sorrel Oxalis acetosella, creeping buttercup Ranunculus repens…

Hesledon Moor East

…irta and marsh horsetail Equisetum palustre. Gorse Ulex europaeus and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna scrub is scattered throughout the site. On the southern parcel of the site vegetation typical of base and nutrient rich soligenous mire is developed on a bank above the stream. Some…

Dunster Park and Heathlands

…s fruticosus and scrub including some veteran elder Sambucus nigra and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna which add tote diversity of the site and enhance the habitat for the invertebrate and lichen species in particular. The site also includes areas of ancient semi-natural sessile oak…

Mound Alderwoods

…roughout. In the slightly drier parts of the alderwood, shrubs such as hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and juniper Juniperus communis add to the shrub layer. The alder woodland ground flora includes; remote sedge Carex remota, marsh ragwort Tephroseris palustris, meadow-sweet Filipen…

River Faughan and Tributaries

…beech Fagus sylvatica and sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus. Shrubs include hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, holly Ilex aquifolium and rowan Sorbus aucuparia. The ground cover is very variable. Grasses are dominant where grazing is heavy. Where the wood is less disturbed, species include…

Firle Escarpment

…gorse Ulex europaeus are most prominent but blackthorn Prunus spinosa, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and dogwood Cornus sanguinea also occur in places. The Firle, Roundhead and Loose plantations at the foot of the escarpment consist of mature beech …

Loth Gorge

…ry Prunus padus, aspen Populus tremula, juniper Juniperus communis and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna are also present, while alder Alnus glutinosa occupies more open areas. The moist and shaded woodland conditions within the gorge support a lush woodland ground flora, with hard shi…

Northpark Copse to Snapelands Copse

… frequent with the beech. Birch Betula spp, hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna form the shrub layer whilst the ground flora is largely bramble Rubus fruticosus, bracken Pteridium aquilinum with some bilberry Vaccinium myrtillus. Away from the common land this …

Hill Houses & Crumpsbrook Meadows

…ows, composed of mainly hazel Corylus avellana, holly Ilex aquifolium, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and rowan Sorbus aucuparia, which provide additional habitats of importance for birds and invertebrates.

Lydden and Temple Ewell Downs

…the shallower slopes, scrub and woodland has developed, principally of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and gorse Ulex europaeus on the drift at the top of the slope and as modified oak ash beech woodland at the foot of the slope. The grassland is dominated by tor grass Brachypodium p…

Owenkillew River

…oat willow Salix caprea, with a shrub layer of hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, holly Ilex aquifolium and rowan Sorbus aucuparia. Ferns and bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. are common over a ground cover of greater wood rush Luzula sylvatica, bluebell Hyacinthoid…

Glynn Woods

…cus nigra, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. Where the wooded slopes are exceptionally steep, the shallow soils are unable to support taller trees and extensive stands of mono-dominant hazel Cotylus avellana wood occur. This …

Spring Wood,Hawnby

…yer and there are many old coppice stools. Other shrub species include hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, bird cherry Prunus padus, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and holly Ilex aquifolium. The varied ground flora includes dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis, wood sorrel Oxalis acetosella…

Altmover Glen

…scens. The understorey is dominated by Corylus avellana, with frequent hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The major constituents of the diverse calcicolous ground flora are bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta, opposite-leaved golden-saxifrage Chrysosplenium oppositifolium, lesser celand…

Castle Enigan

…rse Ulex europaeus and bramble Rubus fruticosus, while species such as hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, grey willow Salix cinerea, rowan Sorbus aucuparia and bracken Pteridium aquilinum occur around the edge. A mosaic of grassland types also occurs. Grazed stands are often dominated …

Rehaghy Wood

…t and is accompanied by rowan Sorbus aucuparia, holly Ilex aquifolium, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and most notably bird cherry Prunus padus. Where present, the field layer consists of a scattering of bramble Rubus fruticosus agg., hard fern Blechnum spicant and broad buckler fer…

Holwell Mouth

…y woodland dominated by ash Fraxinus excelsior, over an understorey of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and hazel Corylus avellana, together with some field maple Acer campestre. The ground vegetation is characterised by the abundance of bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta while ondamp…

Ketton Quarries

…ch as woolly thistle Cirsium eriophorum. The dominant scrub species is hawthorn Crataegus monogyna; associated shrubs include privet Ligustrum vulgare, common whitebeam Sorbus aria, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and roses Rosa spp. Yellow oat grass Trisetum flavescens, marjoram Or…

Raisby Hill Grassland

…s have become invaded by scrub containing a range of shrubs, including hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, gorse Ulex europaeus, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and various rose and willow species and hybrids. In the wet valley floor, tall fen vegetation do…

Old Buckenham Fen

…by mowing but much has been invaded by species rich scrub dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. This scrub contains many other tree and shrub species including ash Fraxinus excelsior, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. …

Stockbridge Down

…mixed scrub with juniper Juniperus communis, privet Ligustrum vulgare, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and Rosa species as co-dominants. Up to 14 shrub species have been recorded in a 10 by 10 metre quadrant. This area shows evidence of succession to yew wood and contrasts with an ar…

Great Casterton Road Banks

…tch Anthyllis vulneraria and quaking grass Briza media occur. Areas of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare provide shelter, together with scattered ash Fraxinus excelsior. This is the only site in Lincolnshire for sulphur clover Trifolium ochroleucon. Tw…

Stonepit and Nova Slacks

…ova Slack has not been grazed recently and includes extensive areas of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and gorse. Areas of species rich grassland are present amongst the scrub and here the grassland is dominated by sheep's fescue, quaking grass Briza media and yellow oat grass Triset…

Saltfleetby - Theddlethorpe Dunes

…dunes become dominated by scrub of sea buckthorn Hippophae rhamnoides, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare and elder Sambucus nigra, all frequented by migrant birds. Invertebrates recorded include several notable moths and nationally rare species from the …

Dunaree Hill

…The shrub layer is dominated by hazel Corylus avellana with occasional hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and holly Ilex aquifolium. The field layer is poorly developed, with only scattered ferns, including soft shield fern Polystichum setiferum, hard fern …

Rowardennan Woodlands

…birch Betula pubescens, alder Alnus glutinosa, ash Fraxinus excelsior, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, wych elm Ulmus glabra and goat willow Salix caprea occur on the flushed shoreline, stream sides, inaccessible crags and localised areas of nutrient-rich soil. hazel Corylus avellan…

Blow's Down

…nteus armiger and several other nationally uncommon species. Scattered hawthorn Crataegus monogyna scrub occurs on the north west facing slope and on the lower slopes of Skimpot Quarry adding further diversity to the site. These areas and the site in general is locally well known…

Garth Wood

…lly variable shrub layer, mostly comprising hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The field layer is also variable and often sparse under the dense beech canopy; locally abundant species include bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta, wood anemone Anemone nemorosa a…

Cloy Brook Pastures

…roachment is taking place in the southern part of the site, largely of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa but including guelder rose Viburnum opulus.

Collinpark Wood

…e sparse but is represented by species such as hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, willows Salix spp. and crab apple Malus sylvestris, while the ground layer includes abundant bramble Rubus fruticosus, bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta and dogs mercury Mercurial…

Cock Marsh

…cally by rabbits, producing a short sward interspersed with patches of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna scrub and mature deciduous trees on the hillside. The chalk grassland consists of a Festuca sward with a good mixture of characteristic chalk herbs, but the outstanding feature of t…

Coedydd Dyffryn Alwen

…l Corylus avellana, with small amounts of goat willow Salix caprea and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The ground flora is more diverse, containing species such as dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis, enchanter’s-nightshade Circaea lutetiana, and a range of ferns. In the most northwe…

Redgate Woods and Mansey Common

…ula pendula although, locally, sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus is common. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, hazel Corylus avellana, field maple Acer campestre and privet Ligustrum vulgare are the most frequent shrubs, while the ground layer in some areas is dominated by honeysuckle Lonic…

Hurcott Pasture

…ex europaeus scrub which provides habitat for birds and invertebrates. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna hedges form boundaries to part of the site.

Bridgham & Brettenham Heaths

…rum. Scrub is scattered over parts of the site and is dense in places. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, young silver birch Betula pendula and Scot's pine Pinus sylvestris seedlings are all locally abundant, with some gorse Ulex europaeus and broom Cytisus scoparius. There are several…

Midger

… is dominated by hazel Corylus avellana. Other species include midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, field maple Acer campestre, crab apple Malus sylvestris and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The ground flora is rich in species. Dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis and bluebell Hyacinth…

Thorpe Hay Meadow

…ld hedgerows with a variety of species such as ash Fraxinus excelsior, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, field maple Acer campestre, spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica. A drainage ditch along two sides of the site supports five specie…

Oridge Street Meadows

…rnus sanguinea, field maple Acer campestre, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, spindle Euonymus europaeus, English elm Ulmus procera, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare and some mature oak Quercus robur trees. Butterflies and day flying moths are common, including…

Prior's Park & Adcombe Wood

…nd. The most recently established areas contain abundant young ash and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. Marshy flushes and boggy ground support a wetland flora which includes marsh marigold Caltha palustris, meadowsweet Filipendula ulmaria, devil's bit scabious Succisa pratensis, bet…

Fforestganol a Chwm Nofydd

…rnbeam Carpinus betulus with an understorey of hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and field maple Acer campestre. The field layer includes abundant wood anemone Anemone nemorosa, bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta and occasional dogs mercury Mercurialis perennis.…

Gregynog

…vertebrates, the flowering shrubs of wood-pasture at Gregynog, such as hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, are vital nectar sources during their adult life-stage. The site also supports foraging lesser horseshoe bats Rhinolophus hipposideros and a good variety of woodland birds includin…

Moss Valley Meadows

…se areas some beech and sycamore have been planted. The understorey of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and holly Ilex aquifolium has regenerating ash, oak and hawthorn beneath. The site has a wide range of insects with an abundance of common butterflies, including common blue Polymma…

King's Wood and Urchin Wood

… elm Ulmus glabra are abundant in the shrub layer, which also includes hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, holly Ilex aquifolium, spindle Euonymus europaeus, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spurge laurel Daphne laureola and buckth…

Parc Nannau

…el Corylus avellana, birch Betula pubescens, holly Ilex aquifolium and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. Alder Alnus glutinosa and wych elm Ulmus glabra also occur. Non-native species such as European larch Larix decidua and beech Fagus sylvatica have been planted and are occasional.…

Bryn Alyn

…rb-robert Geranium robertianum, dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. On the rockiest, thinnest and most drought prone soils there are areas of sheep’s-fescue Festuca ovina, carline thistle Carlina vulgaris grassland. The turf is short, open and domi…

Frampton Pools

…tation consists largely of elder Sambucus nigra, willow Salix spp. and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. This provides cover for both migratory and resident birds, as does the mixed woodland elsewhere on the site.

Gwynfynydd

… layer mostly comprises hazel Corylus avellana, holly and occasionally hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The woodland ground flora is variable but often includes a luxuriant moss layer with common species such as Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Isothecium myosuroides and Thuidium tamariscinum…

Castle Hill

…ex europaeus but more diverse communities are also present and include hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and blackthorn Prunus spinosa. The scrub supports downland breeding birds such as yellowhammer, corn bunting, linnet and whitethroat. The rich ortho…

Monkswood Valley

…a shrub and as a tree species, while other understorey species include hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and elder Sambucus nigra. The woods support a diverse ground flora dominated by dog's mercury and ramsons Allium ursinum and includes primrose Primula vul…

Bookham Commons

…assland but also forms dense belts over much of Little Bookham Common; hawthorn Crataegus monogyna dominates much of this scrub but a diversity of other species occurs including blackthorn Prunus spinosa, grey willow Salix cinerea, aspen Populus tremula and two species of rose wh…

Bewick and Beanley Moors

…s of alder Alnus glutinosa woodland are developed. The canopy includes hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, brown birch Betula pubescens, rowan Sorbus aucuparia and very rarely ash Fraxinus excelsior, with a ground flora including yellow pimpernel Lysimachia nemorum, wood sorrel Oxalis a…

Nant Cledlyn Pingos

…he site there is scattered scrub and woodland of gorse Ulex europaeus, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and downy birch Betula pubescens. The pingo ramparts and dry banks support acid grassland which is frequently flower-rich, with such species as devil’s-bit scabious and lousewort Pe…

Banstead Downs

…ss Arrhenatherum elatius and for the invasion by shrub species such as hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, gorse Ulex europaeus and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana. Large areas of the site are dominated by mature hawthorn, growing in association with oak Quercus spp. and climbers such a…

Hackhurst and White Downs

…southern calcareous types are well represented. Common species include hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, silver birch Betula pendula, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, yew Taxus baccata and spindle Euonymus europaeus. Hackhurst Down supports the only sizeable popul…

The Perch

… shrub layer varies greatly from areas of dense spinose shrubs such as hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa and areas of overgrown hazel Corylus avellana coppice, to more open areas where wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, dogwood…

Fontmell and Melbury Downs

…ast Dorset, contain a range of species, bramble Rubus fruticosus agg., hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, privet Ligustrum vulgare, hazel Corylus avellana and dogwood Cornus sanguinea are frequent constituents and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and whiteb…

Catcott Edington and Chilton Moors

…m. Other habitats present include hedges and hedgerow trees of Alder, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and willow Salix spp. These diverse habitats provide suitable feeding and nesting sites for a wide range of birds. In winter, waterfowl such as golden plover Pluvialis apricota, lap…

Stanford Park

…r together with groups and scattered specimens of large elm Ulmus sp., hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, field maple Acer campestre and other broad leaved trees in an area of pasture land. The lichen flora is exceptionally rich for an East Midlands locality being particularly notable …

Windmill Hill

…hrys apifera. There is some scrub colonisation of the grassland mainly hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and elder Sambucus nigra.

Heyshott Down

… yew Taxus baccata. There are several species in the shrub layer, with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, sweet briar Rosa rubiginosa and whitebeam Sorbus aria among the most frequent species. The shrub layer is dense throughout much of the wood and occurs as…

Salt Lake Quarry

…lix phylicifolia, ash Fraxinus excelsior, bird cherry Prunus padus and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. Associated with the pools there is a marsh community dominated by soft rush Juncus effusus, jointed rush Juncus articulatus, the spike rush Eleocharis mamillata ssp. austriaca and …

Knavenhill Wood

…m and wych elm Ulmus glabra are also present. The understorey includes hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, hazel Corylus avellana, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and elder Sambucus nigra. The ground flora is dominated by bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. and tufted …

Via Gellia Woodlands

…lex with a diverse shrub layer dominated by hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna with abundant field maple, rowan Sorbus aucuparia and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. Scarcer species include spindle Euonymus europaeus which is locally very uncommon and the nationally …

Arundel Park

…rens, a shrub that occurs rarely as a native plant. Dense thickets of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna scrub occur in places. Recent beech and conifer plantations still contain remnants of scrub and chalk woodland flora including stinking hellebore Helleborus foetidus. At Swanbourne…

America Wood

…rge canopied trees and abundant elder Sambucus nigra, with bramble and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, gorse Ulex europaeus and hazel Corylus avellana. The species structure of the site is further diversified by small stands of ash Fraxinus excelsior/hazel and along spring lines wit…

Hooks Well Meadows, Great Cressingham

…hire fog Holcus lanatus and hard rush Juncus inflexus, a small area of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna scrub, reed canary grass Phalaris arundinacea swamp and a small pond containing a number of springs.

Duncombe Park

…lowers not only of these trees but also of sycamore A. pseudoplatanus, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Of the riverine species, the most notable is the uncommon stonefly Rhabdiopteryx acuminata. Insects associated with the shingle and sandbanks inc…

Garbh Allt

…ubescens, together with aspen Populus tremula, hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and wych elm Ulmus glabra. Ferns and mosses thrive in the humid conditions close to the burn with fox-tail feather-moss Thamnobryum alopecurum growing in the spray zone, just above …

Ventnor Downs

…nium myrtillus. Where the cap yields to chalk the vegetation grades to hawthorn Crataegus monogyna scrub with some whitebeam Sorbus aria and emergent sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus and ash Fraxinus excelsior woodland. On the east slopes of the site the emergent woodland in turn giv…

Crookhill Brick Pit

…us. The scrub includes bramble Rubus fruticosus, elder Sambucus nigra, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, willow Salix spp. and common gorse Ulex europaeus. The habitats that occur around the ponds on this site are as important as the presence of suitable ponds. In addition to the reas…

Nut Wood

…ixed woodland of ash Fraxinus excelsior and wych elm Ulmus glabra with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, dog-rose Rosa canina and hazel forming the understory beneath. The woodland is currently expanding, a fringe of silver birch Betula pendula having develo…

Wolstonbury Hill

…bs such as wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna.

Trimdon Limestone Quarry

… grassland, particularly on the tops of the quarry faces and comprises hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and various rose Rosa and bramble Rubus species. Other Information 1. This site is identified as of national importance in the Marine Permian Block of the Geological Conservation R…

Arreton Down

…ch Anthyllis vulneraria. The areas of scattered scrub are dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna while the dense scrub, formed from an overgrown hedge, is rich in species such as hazel Corylus avellana, ash Fraxinus excelsior, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and wayfaring tree Viburnu…

Hertford Heath

…understorey being of holly Ilex aquifolium, hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna with the coppiced hornbeam. Characteristically, on the acid London clays, dense shadelimits the ground flora to early flowering species such as bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta, w…

Coedydd ac Ogofau Elwy a Meirchion

…zel Corylus avellana is dominant, is a rich mixture of species such as hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, holly Ilex aquifolium, spindle Euonymus europaeus, privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and on the especially thin, basic soils, the uncommon spurge laurel Daphne lau…

Barnby Broad & Marshes

… bushes of grey willow Salix cinerea, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. Numerous springs emerge in the carr and the variable wetness of the ground is reflected in a diverse ground flora. Nettle Urtica dioica and rasberry Rubus idaeus are locally domin…

Bradiford Valley

…dominant. hazel Corylus avellana, holly Ilex aquifolium and occasional hawthorn Crataegus monogyna occur in the understorey, with some honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum. The ground flora includes primrose Primula vulgaris, wood avens Geum urbanum, wood anemone Anemone nemorosa an…

Sampford Spiney

…el Corylus avellana, holly Ilex aquifolium, rowan Sorbus aucuparia and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and, in wetter areas, sallow Salix cinerea and alder buckthorn Frangula alnus. On the drier slopes the ground flora is characterised by creeping soft-grass Holcus mollis, wood-sorre…

Brandon Marsh

…llow Salix spp., silver birch Betula pendula alder Alnus glutinosa and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. There are also two copses with mature oak Quercus robur and sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus. Much of the remainder of the site is composed of a variety of grassland and ruderal comm…

Brockadale

…la tabernaemontani. Elsewhere a scrub of guelder rose Viburnum opulus, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and bramble Rubus fruticosus has developed. The calcareous grassland of the valley sides is dominated by chalk false brome Brachypodium pinnatum and upright brome Bromus erectus wit…

Broughton Down

…ation seral stages from open, grazed chalk grassland, through scrub of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, elder Sambucus nigra, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and dogwood Cornus sanguinea, to mature beech, ash and yew woodland. The chalk grassland turf includes areas intensively grazed b…

Cleeve Wood, Hanham

…uch places the shrub layer is dominated by field maple Acer campestre, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, elder Sambucus nigra, hazel Corylus avellana and young wych elm Ulmus glabra. The field layer in many areas is dominated by ivy Hedera helix, especially on the disturbed slopes. Ot…

Burderop Wood

… opulus, spindle Euonymus europaeus, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. Red currant Ribes sylvestris occurs widely while coppiced hazel Corylus avellana predominates towards the northern edge of the site. Bracken Pteridium aquilinum occurs frequently o…

Cassop Vale

…la erecta and heath bedstraw Galium saxatile occur. Scrub dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, gorse Ulex europaeus or hazel Corylus avellana is found on the grassland margins and merges into ash Fraxinus excelsior woodland. Wych elm Ulmus glabra and sycamore Acer pseudoplat…

Pitsea Marsh

…l. The dense scrubland is composed of mixed blackthorn Prunus spinosa, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, elder Sambucus nigra, rose Rosa spp., wild privet Ligustrum vulgare and bramble Rubus spp. The thickets are dissected by paths and glades of neutral to calcareous grassland. Herbs …

Felmersham Gravel Pits

…woodland. These habitats are dominated by willows Salix sp., alder and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, with occasional species such as field maple Acer campestre, ash Fraxinus excelsior and wild cherry Prunus avium. Common spotted orchid Dactylorhiza fuchsii and broadleaved hellebor…

Jack Scout

…maritime limestone cliffs and extensive scrub of gorse Ulex europaeus, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, bramble Rubus fruticosus and bracken Pteridium aquilinum.

Thixen Dale and Long Dale

… grazed tor grass Brachypodium pinnatum dominated turf with scattered hawthorns Crataegus monogyna. It is rich in herbs including rock rose Helianthemum nummularium, dropwort Filipendula vulgaris, kidney vetch Anthyllis vulneraria and clustered bellflower Campanula glomerata. red…

Leathemstown

…ssociated with the outlet of the river contain hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, ash Fraxinus excelsior, gorse Ulex europaeus and the rare shady horsetail Equisetum pratense. At least ten species of butterfly have been recorded from t…

Tunnel Hill Meadow

…e Rosa arvensis, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, field maple Acer campestre, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and privet Ligustrum vulgare. wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, which is rare in the county, also occurs.

Dabble Bank

…n slope. There are also several areas of scattered scrub, dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, encroaching on the grasslands. Clustered bellflower Campanula glomerata, occurs but this is almost certainly an introduced garden escape. Other Information Lowland calcicolous gr…

Fishburn Grassland

…assland, particularly in the western section of the site and comprises hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, various rose species Rosa spp. and gorse Ulex europaeus.

The Lump, Priestweston

…cies is also abundant on rock outcrops. In places, scrub consisting of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, dog rose Rosa canina and broom Cytisus scoparius has developed.

Hill Hole Dingle

… main canopy species. The shrub layer includes hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, wild privet Ligustrumvulgare, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, spindle Euonymus europaeus holly Ilex aquifolium, yew Taxus baccata and several other lime loving species. The ground flora…

Butser Hill

… is an aggressive invasion of scrub into remaining open downland, with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and blackthorn Prunus spinosa particularly evident. Young yew trees are clearly advancing in the cover which thorn affords. All aspects and a variety of co…

Amberley Mount to Sullington Hill

…es the valley bottoms. Scrub is established in many places, usually of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana with gorse Ulex europaeus where the soil is slightly more acid. However juniper Juniperus communis, a species which is …

Arlington Reservoir

…pecies fringe parts of the open water and are backed by dense scrub of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and gorse Ulex europaeus. The more open areas support neutral grassland in which the grasses cock's foot Dactylis glomerata,…

Thursley, Hankley & Frensham Commons

…iated with some of the open grasslands is more diverse and consists of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, sallow Salix cinerea and gorse. The woodland is variable in age and composition. Woodland of recent origin has colonised wet and dry heath and consists o…

Selshion

… of downy birch Betula pubescens, scattered ash Fraxinus excelsior and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The ground flora is dominated by tussocks of purple moor grass Molinia caerulea. In addition to the characteristic species listed above, the area supports a number of more notable …

Lingfield Cernes

…low Salix fragilis, hazel Corylus avellana, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and alder Alnus glutinosa. The banks of the Eden brook are dominated by reed canary grass Phalaris arundinacea and the marginal shallow water community includes common water plantai…

Gaer House Woods

…h Fraxinus excelsior and elm Ulmus glabra. Understorey species include hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, holly Ilex aquifolium, goat-willow Salix caprea and hazel Corylus avellana which is co-dominant with alder in some areas. The ground flora is characteristic of this plateau type al…

Llwyn

…mongst willows Salix caprea and Salix cinerea, hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, wych elm Ulmus glabra, the occasional holly Ilex aquifolium and elder Sambucus nigra and patches of ash saplings. The uncommon shrubs alder buckthorn Frangula alnus and buckthorn R…

Birkham Wood

…nus sanguinea, spindle Euonymus europaeus, field maple Acer campestre, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and elder Sambucus nigra. The ground flora is largely dominated by dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis with other associates including false brome Brachypodium sylvaticum, enchanter'…

Craigantlet Woods

…redominantly by hazel Corylus avellana with rowan Sorbus aucuparia and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna the most frequent associates. The ground flora is typical of flushed, base-rich woods and is characterised by the lush growth of a rich variety of herbs and ferns with frequent, ext…

Fleam Dyke

… by calcareous scrub which has developed over formerly open grassland. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna forms dense thickets but many other shrub species are present. Of particular note is the presence of juniper Juniperus communis, a species which is rare in the region and for which …

Asham Wood

…ornus sanguinea and spindle Euonymus europaeus. Holly Ilex aquifolium, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, crab apple Malus sylvestris and blackthorn Prunus spinosa are less common. rowan Sorbus aucuparia is restricted to areas with more acid soils. The principal species of the ground …

Gamston & Eaton Woods & Roadside Verges

…. The main constituents of the understorey are hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, privet Ligustrum vulgare, goat willow Salix caprea and field maple Acer campestre and there is a strong development of woody climbing and rambling plants, notably honeysuckle Lonic…

Hook Wood

…nderstorey of hazel Corylus avellana, with some holly Ilex aquifolium, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, field and dog rose Rosa arvensis and R. canina and honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum. Under this upland hazel-sessile oak woodland the ground flora is largely dominated by great wo…

Hawthorn Dene

…uva-crispa, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, privet Ligustrum vulgare and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, the last named species forming locally dense thickets on the woodland margin. The ground flora is of a type characteristic of base rich soils and includes abundant bluebell Hyacint…

Hobby to Peppercombe

…been broken by tree-fall. The proportion of hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna vary throughout the woods, while blackthorn Prunus spinosa and gorse Ulex europaeus form locally dense thickets in the open. Some areas of the ground flora are dominated by a sward …

Downton Gorge

… parts of the gorge. The shrub layer includes hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, spindle Euonymus europaeus and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare. In the more calcareous areas of the woodland the ground flora is dominated by calcicole …

Cogley Wood

…hazel Corylus avellana, with field maple Acer campestre also abundant. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, holly Ilex aquifolium, elder Sambucus nigra and crab apple Malus sylvestris are scattered throughout, while spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and wayfaring tree …

Wormley-Hoddesdonpark Wood South

…mbucus nigra, field maple Acer campestre and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa scrub and birch Betula spp. has invaded old clearings. Ancient pollards of hornbeam mark some of the boundaries. The ground flora is very variable, sparse…

River Mease

…ragilis. Some sections of bank are flanked by dense scrub dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa. Additional interest is provided by populations of freshwater white clawed crayfish Austropotamobius pallipes and otter Lutra lutra, both animals with…

Coed Mynachlog-fawr

…nse. In the woodland along the stream guelder-rose Viburnum opulus and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna occur, and alder and sallow are locally abundant by the stream. Clearings in the lower part of the woodland contain small mires, their high bog-moss Sphagnum spp. cover bearing abun…

Lea & Pagets Woods

… is relatively dense and consists mainly of hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The ground flora although dominated in parts by bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. has much dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis, bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta and ferns and includes…

Malvern Common

…le Acer campestre, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, holly Ilex aquifolium and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The ground flora contains a range of typical woodland species such as wood-sorrel Oxalis acetosella, yellow archangel Lamiastrum galeobdolon and ramsons Allium ursinum as well as a…

Max Bog

…ges. The fields are divided by hedges of blackthorn Prunus spinosa and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna with occasional hazel Corylus avellana, wych elm Ulmus glabra and spindle Euonymus europaeus. Most of the hedges are tall with trees of ash Fraxinus excelsior, oak Quercus sp. and w…

Wettenhall and Darnhall Woods

…rts of the wood the shrub layer is well developed consisting of hazel, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and elder Sambucus nigra. dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spindle Euonymus europaeus are also present but are infrequent. On the upper slopes of the wood cre…

Cannock Chase

… the latter especially on steeper slopes. Scrub of gorse Ulex spp. and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna provides further habitat variety in areas subject to past disturbance. The scarcity of water over much of the Chase effectively confines wetland flora and fauna to the stream valle…

Long Dale & Gratton Dale

…mportant component. Scrub in the dales is varied; much is derived from hawthorn Crataegus monogyna encroachment onto the grassland, some of it being 80–100 years old. This scrub is enriched with blackthorn Prunus spinosa, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and rose Rosa spp. In several…

Nine Spring Dale

…x Linum perenne. The grassland has been invaded by scattered bushes of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and a stand of gorse Ulex europaeus has become established. The site is of outstanding entomological interest with large numbers of species and individuals recorded. Locally distri…

Craig Adwy-wynt a Choed Eyarth House a Chîl-y-groeslwyd

…gous) grassland, bracken Pteridium aquilinum and gorse Ulex europaeus, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa scrub. Woodland glades provide habitat for limestone woundwort, whereas the patchwork of grassland, bracken and scrub is the mosaic of habitats favoure…

Dinefwr Estate

…y of hazel Corylus avellana with occasional rowan Sorbus aucuparia and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The ground flora is dominated by bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta, bramble Rubus fruticosus, ivy Hedera helix and bracken Pteridium aquilinum. The Bog Wood is an alder carr borde…

Roe Wood

…lus avellana, field maple Acer campestre, privet Ligustrum vulgare and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, while the herb layer is exceptionally rich including such characteristic species as primrose Primula vulgaris, sweet woodruff Asperula odorata, early purple orchid Orchis mascula, …

Compton Down

…the downs and these, too, are dominated by gorse, bramble and locally, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The site includes a golf course which extends along the crest of the Downs at their western end. This area is included in the SSSI because the greater part of it remains species r…

Saddington Reservoir

…rhenatherum elatius, cock's foot Dactylis glomerata and, occasionally, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna provides valuable overwintering habitat for the riparian beetle fauna and supports a nationally notable beetle Carabus monilis, a species typical of damp alluvial grassland.

The Malvern Hills

…le Acer campestre, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, holly Ilex aquifolium and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The ground flora contains a range of typical woodland species such as wood sorrel Oxalis acetosella, yellow archangel Lamiastrum galeobdolon and ramsons Allium ursinum as well as a…

Banc Llety-spence

…dium aquilinum and scattered scrub consisting of gorse Ulex europaeus, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and rowan Sorbus aucuparia. This_grades into close-grazed, dwarf-shrub heath which covers much of the north and west-facing slopes. Bilberry Vaccinium myrtillus is dominant through…

Ellerburn Bank

…. Gorse Ulex europaeus occurs along the lower part of the bank, whilst hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa are established on the old earthworks. The site is managed to maintain an open sward and prevent the spread of tor grass and scrub. There is also consi…

Quebb Meadow

…hedgerows surrounding the site are composed of hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and elder Sambucus nigra. Along the southern edge is a belt of alder trees Alnus glutinosa.

Charterhouse to Eashing

… Ilex aquifolium, spindle Euonymus europaeus, elder Sambucus nigra and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, with a ground flora consisting largely of dogs mercury Mercurialis perennis and ivy Hedera helix. Some of the woods were dominated by elm Ulmus procera, now dead, but have an under…

Devil's Dyke

…mber of national rarities. The chalk scrub is dominated by thickets of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna but many other shrubs are present including buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare and rose Rosa spp. The wood, scrub and grassland habitats combined are valuab…

Saltbox Hill

…a mosaic of unimproved chalk grassland amongst an open scrub of mainly hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. These areas grade into dense scrub and belts of ash Fraxinus excelsior and beech Fagus sylvatica hanger woodland which occupy adjoining banks on the steepest ground. To the west a …

Hotham Meadow

…alustris. Mature boundary hedges, a small chalk stream and an area of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa scrub add diversity to the site.

Harbury Railway Cutting

…ounty. Adjoining the grassland are areas of scrub consisting mainly of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare and dog rose Rosa canina. In other parts of the cutting broadleaved woodland is present with ash Fraxinus excelsior, sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus and …

Avon Gorge

…a and occasional field maple Acer campestre, privet Ligustrum vulgare, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and yew Taxus baccata. The main ground layer species are ivy Hedera helix, male fern Dryopteris filix-mas, bluebell Hyacinthoid…

Quarry Moor

…ea and goldilocks Ranunculus auricomus. Elsewhere there are patches of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna scrub with some buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, the food plant of caterpillars of the brimstone butterfly, which is sometimes seen in the area.

Titsey Woods

… maple Acer campestre. Wych elm Ulmus glabra, birch Betula pendula and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna also occur in the woods with grey willow Salix cinerea. Four small areas have been modified by the planting of conifers Scot's pine Pinus sylvestris and western hemlock Tsuga hetero…

Wye and Crundale Downs

…Polygala amarella. In some places, scrub has developed; this is mainly hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, but other species characteristic of the chalk, such as wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare and traveller’s joy Clematis vitalba are also found. A variety…

Fordon Chalk Grasslands

…r safeguard of the adjacent herb rich swards. Gorse Ulex europaeus and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna scrub is present on many of the slopes and in places forms dense stands. The grasslands also have a rich invertebrate fauna with several locally distributed species. The butterflies…

The Cheddar Complex

…A wide range of scrub communities are present. Typical species include hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, yew Taxus baccata, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, common whitebeam Sorbus aria, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana. The nationally scarce Sorbus porrigenti…

Cranmore

…a, sallows Salix spp., gorse Ulex europaeus, bramble Rubus fruticosus, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, spindle Euonymus europaeus, alder buckthorn Frangula Alnus and birch Betula spp. Mature woodland is dominated by pedunculate oak Quercus robur. Dormouse Muscardinus avellanarius an…

Worgret Heath

…nda regalis occur here. Scrub has developed on parts of the site with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna to the south and common gorse Ulex europaeus to the north-west. Scot's pine Pinus sylvestris also occurs locally. The site supports a dense breeding population of sand lizards, a s…

Stratford Toney Down

…efers higher soil acidity is a major component of the scrub community. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna joins gorse as the predominant species of scattered scrub along the valley slopes. Some denser blocks of scrub are rich in species and further plants include wayfaring tree Viburnum…

Thompson Water, Carr and Common

…h damp and calcareous grassland types are present in this sward. Dense hawthorn Crataegus monogyna scrub occurs on drier parts of the site, with extensive oak Quercus robur and birch Betula pendula woodland forming Stowbedon Covert in the east. Bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. and b…

Ganllwyd

…prising hazel Corylus avellana, holly Ilex aquifolium and occasionally hawthorn Crataegus monogyna higher up the slopes. The field layer is variable but is usually characterised by the presence of grasses, ferns and sometimes bilberry Vaccinium myrtillus. Wavy-hair grass Deschamp…

Calstone and Cherhill Downs

…stle Cirsium tuberosum x acaule. Scattered scrub, largely dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, along with occasional gorse Ulex europaeus, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, characterises some slopes, while juniper Juniperus communis, an uncomm…

Lathkill Dale

… amounts of guelder rose Viburnum opulus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna together with a small population of the rare native shrub mezereon Daphne mezereum. The ground flora is particularly rich and is dominated by dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis, tuf…

East Heslerton Brow

…orchid Ophyrs apifera. The grassland has been extensively colonised by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. Other Information During the 1984 revision the boundary has been extended.* Under Section 23 of the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act, 1949.

Afon Cleddau Dwyreiniol / Eastern Cleddau River

…tock, the vegetation tends to be dominated by scrub including bramble, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and gorse Ulex europaeus in the upper sections of the site. Areas of marshy grassland protected from grazing support tall vegetation dominated by meadowsw…

Farnham Mires

…. In a drier section species rich calcareous grassland with patches of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica. Grasses include hairy oat Avenula pubescens, quaking grass Briza media, heath grass Danthonia decumbens and, locally, purple moor grass Molinia cae…

Hod and Hambledon Hills

…ill in particular, there is some development of mixed chalk scrub with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana progressing to incipient ash Fraxinus woodland. There are also areas of long established woo…

Turvey's Piece

…te oak Quercus robur and ash Fraxinus excelsior with an understorey of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, elder Sambucus nigra, field rose Rosa arvensis and crab apple Malus sylvestris. The ground flora is species poor being dominated by common nettle Urtica…

Clearbury Down

…e site particularly to the southwest where dense mature scrub includes hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, spindle Euonymus europaeus and blackthorn Prunus spinosa and forms a complex habitat mosaic with patches of species rich grassland. Woodland plants that exist under the scrub inclu…

Sheepleas

…ncommon plant with a restricted distribution in Surrey. Mixed scrub of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, spindle Euonymus europaeus and hazel has encroached on the chalk grassland in many parts of the site. Associated with the s…

Tweed Catchment Rivers - England: Till Catchment

…ta, rushes Juncus spp. and scrub species such as gorse Ulex europaeus, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and willows Salix spp. Alder Alnus glutinosa woodland occurs along stretches of the riverside. In the lower reaches the aquatic plants are typical of base and nutrient rich lowland…

Dormston Church Meadow

…is perennis. The meadow is bounded on two sides by hedges dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna.

Topley Pike and Deep Dale

…mportant component. Scrub in the dales is varied; much is derived from hawthorn Crataegus monogyna encroachment onto the grassland, some of it being 80–100 years old. This scrub is enriched with blackthorn Prunus spinosa, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and rose Rosa spp. In several…

Crockaghole Wood

…nd very occasional goat willow Salix caprea, holly Ilex aguifolium and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The ground flora present is typical of calcifuge woodlands and is characterised by a predominance of bryophytes and an abundance of purple moor grass Molinia caerulea, bilberry Vac…

Woodshuts Wood

…us petraea associated with birch Betula pendula over an understorey of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and hazel Corylus avellana. In the north eastern part of the wood small leaved lime Tilia cordata is more dominant with birch and field maple Acer campestre as associates. The woodl…

Tullybrick Lough

… dominated by ash Fraxinus excelsior, with an understorey of scattered hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa, and a field layer of dense bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. As a result of dense shading, the ground cover is dominated by ivy Hedera helix. The site con…

The Ings, Amotherby

…oria. The tall, mature hedgerows enclosing the fields are dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and in places support hop Humulus lupulus. There is also some young scattered scrub developing in areas, largely hawthorn, dog rose Rosa canina and small amounts of the locally scar…

Chipstead Downs

…e helleborine Cephalanthera damasonium also occur. Peripheral areas of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and dogwood Cornus sanguinea scrub are widespread. The remaining areas of chalk grassland have been largely neglected and extensive areas are dominated by tor grass Brachypodium pin…

Gosforth Park

… developed with some holly Ilex aquifolium, hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna over a ground flora dominated by lady fern Athyrium felix-femina, male fern Dryopteris filix-mas and broad buckler fern Dryopteris dilatata, above creeping soft grass Holcus mollis.…

Haugh and Gundale Slacks

…elf heal Prunella vulgaris and the trees of sallow Salix cinerea agg., hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and rowan Sorbus aucuparia act as important nectar sources and foraging habitats for these solitary mining bees and wasps.

Great Yews

…he yews but dense, species rich scrub occurs on the edges of the wood. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa are common with frequent spindle Euonymus europaeus, holly Ilex aquifolium and privet Ligustrum vulgare. Few herbaceous plants exist beneath the yews b…

Great Blaythorn Meadow

…fron Colchicum autumnale. The meadow is largely bounded by a hedge of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa, with a stream forming the eastern boundary. The site supports colonies of holly blue Celastrina argiolus and meadow brown Maniola jurtina butterflies…

Town Kelloe Bank

…n crevices in small outcrops of Magnesian Limestone. Scrub, comprising hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and gorse Ulex europaeus, is widespread and is invading the ungrazed grasslands in the eastern part of the site. In one area woodland, dominated by ash Fr…

Whiston Eaves

…assland where, locally, steeper slopes have deterred scrub management. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. and elder Sambucus nigra dominate this scrub, although other species including guelder rose Viburnum opulus, ash saplings Fraxinus excelsior, dog rose…

Lardon Chase

…thyllis vulneraria. This part of the site includes a belt of scattered hawthorn Crataegus monogyna scrub which provides sheltered warm areas with abundant insect life. This site is particularly important for its butterfly fauna including characteristic chalk downland species such…

Seaford to Beachy Head

… scrub but mixed scrub is also present with blackthorn Prunus spinosa, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare. Horseshoe Plantation is the only well developed wood find consists of sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus, ash Fraxinus …

Harbottle Moors

…utinosa, but also with ash Fraxinus excelsior, hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and sallow Salix cinerea. Species associated with base rich flushes include marsh hawk’s beard Crepis paludosa, golden saxifrage Chrysosplenium oppositifolium, melancholy thistle Ci…

Pennerley Meadows

…ome fields insufficient grazing has led to the development of scrub of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and gorse Ulex europaeus.

Martin and Tidpit Downs

…ange of more advanced seral stages is represented, from mixed scrub of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, spindle Euonymus europaeus, rose Rosaspecies, etc., to locally yew Taxus baccata or oak Quercus robur wood. On the more acid sites gorse Ulex species is …

The Mens

…occurs over a mixed shrub layer which includes hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, crab apple Malus sylvestris and blackthorn Prunus spinosa. In more open areas the dense ground flora is dominated by honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum, bramble Rubus fruticosus, wo…

Holborough to Burham Marshes

… are several areas of dense scrub within the site consisting mainly of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa with alder Alnus glutinosa in the wetter areas. At the southern end, surrounding a large reedbed is a damp woodland of alder and crack willow Salix fragil…

Glaslyn

…is often well-developed and is characterised by holly Ilex aquifolium, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and rowan Sorbus aucuparia. The ground layer is largely composed of a mix of bramble Rubus fruticosus, bracken Pteridium aquilinum, honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum, ivy Hedera hel…

Gang Mine

… the site in particular have been colonised by scrub species including hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, and ash Fraxinus excelsior.

Yellow House Meadow

… and trees found in these hedgerows include English elm Ulmus procera, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, field maple Acer campestre, ash Fraxinus excelsior, crack willow Salix fragilis, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and crab apple Malus sylvestris. The meadow sup…

Upper Lough Erne - Belleisle

…ns. In places there is a well developed understory with shrubs such as hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, hazel Corylus avellana and holly Ilex aquifolium. The ground flora is very variable, ranging from grass dominated swards, with species like giant fescue Festuca gigantea and false …

Warks Burn Woodland

…ge and occasional bird cherry Prunus padus, rowan Sorbus aucuparia and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna are found throughout the woodland. The lichens of particular interest are concentrated on the lower valley slopes mainly on older specimens of elm and ash. These include Lobaria pul…

Blackslee

…and hazel Corylus avellana, with occasional rowan Sorbus aucuparia and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The field layer is sparse with scattered ferns, including soft shield fern Polystichum setiferum and hard fern Blechnum spicant and occasional dense patches of bramble Rubus frutic…

Croxley Common Moor

…. Scattered scrub of gorse Ulex europaeus, broom Cytisus scoparius and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna adds structural diversity to the site. Rushes Juncus spp. and sedges Carex spp. dominate the wetter areas with tufted hair grass Deschampsia cespitosa and marsh pennywort Hydrocotyl…

Lough Melvin

…r. The understorey is fairly dense and includes holly Ilex aquifolium, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and hazel, with a herb layer of such species as wood sorrel Oxalis acetosella, great wood rush Luzula syivatica, bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. and ivy Hedera helix. The ground layer…

Llanddulas Limestone and Gwrych Castle Wood

…beam Sorbus rupicola. The shrub layer contains hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, spurge-laurel Daphne laureola, spindle, yew and abundant ash sapling regeneration. Species present in the field layer include false brome Brachypodiu…

Llandeilo, Rhulen and Llanbedr Hills

…m surrounding agricultural land. Variable quantities of scrub (largely hawthorn Crataegus monogyna occur around the hill edges. The heathland communities occur as either a heather-dominated heath in which older stands are characteristically rich in lichens Cladonia spp., or as a …

Chanctonbury Hill

…ces. The scrub consists of ash, elder, wayfaring tree, wild privet and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. Scrub and grassland support downland butterflies such as the chalk hill blue Polyommatus coridon. The site has records for over sixty species of breeding bird. These include downl…

Shaugh Prior Woods

…orylus avellana with holly Ilex aquifolium, rowan Sorbus aucuparia and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna being locally abundant; alder Buckthorn Frangula alnus is scattered throughout the woods. The ground flora, which is heavily grazed in places by sheep, has as its main constituents…

Brampton Bryan Park

… On the steeper slopes are areas of scattered scrub composed mainly of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, elder Sambucus nigra, silver birch Betula pendula and rowan Sorbus aucuparia. The ground vegetation over much of the Park consists of dense bracken Pteridium aquilinum. However, o…

Moel Hiraddug a Bryn Gop

…und. Common gorse is the principal scrub species, while blackthorn and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna are locally abundant. There are also small areas of ash-dominated woodland. Rare plants a. Vascular plants i. Moel Hiraddug In addition to hoary rock-rose, other nationally scarce v…

Carn Gafallt

…owny birch, with a plentiful shrub layer of hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. Parts of the woodland floor are again boulder-strewn and this niche (with the flushes) has produced a rich species diversity. Plants in the boulder scree include lords-and-ladies A…

Mosshill

…nant. Small areas of broadleaved scrub with blackthorn Prunus spinosa, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, sessile Oak Quercus petraea and bramble Rubus fruticosus occur within the site and at its edges. A wide variety of sedges and other flowering plants occur, together with a small po…

Clipsham Old Quarry and Pickworth Great Wood

… Clipsham Old Quarry. Biology The old workings support stands of dense hawthorn Crataegus monogyna scrub and some developing ash Fraxinus excelsior woodland. There are several areas of well developed limestone grassland dominated by tor grass Brachypodium pinnatum, yellow oat gra…

Rhos Dwfnant

… extensive patches of bracken Pteridium aquilinum with a scattering of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna scrub, and downy birch Betula pubescens occurs around the field boundaries. The sward is generally herb-rich and additional habitats are provided by the occurrence of dry banks, roc…

Coedydd Nanmor

…tly sparse comprising hazel Corylus avellana, holly and the occasional hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. Rhododendron, a non-native and highly invasive species, forms a dense shrub layer in the woodland around Dolfriog. The field layer is variable but is usually characterised by the p…

Maplehurst Wood

…ed throughout this type. The shrub layer is often diverse and includes hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, holly Ilex aquifolium, alder buckthorn Frangula alnus, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, spindle Euonymus europaeus and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare. The…

Langford Heathfield

… maple Acer campestre is abundant in places. Holly Ilex aquifolium and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna are scattered throughout, while spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus are restricted to areas with more calcareous soils. Dog’s mercu…

Penorchard & Spring Farm Pastures

…n two of the pastures. The pastures are bounded by hedges dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. There is also a wooded stream to the south east. Invertebrates recorded include the meadow brown Maniola jurtina and small skipper Thymelicus sylvestris butterflies, with both fiv…

Castle Hill Deer Park and Windy Pits

…wering trees such as lime and sycamore and flowering shrubs, including hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, elder Sambucus nigra and guelder rose Viburnum opulus, as well as peaks in localised flowering of species such as hogweed Heracleum sphondylium, provide …

Cadair Idris

… holly Ilex aquifolium, frequent patches of hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna make up the majority of the woodland within the site. The commoner bryophytes including Isothecium myosuroides, Polytrichum formosum, Pleurozium schreberi, Mnium hornum, Thuidium ta…

Moss Valley

…s excelsior and sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus. The understorey contains hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, hazel Corylus avellana and willows Salix spp. The ground flora is dominated by bramble Rubus fruticosus, wood club rush Scirpus sylvaticus and great willowherb Epilobium hirsutum, …

Nance Wood

…layer is composed of holly Ilex aquifolium, hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The southern arm of Nance Wood supports an area of ash-oak-sycamore coppice, with some hawthorn, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and a few wych elm Ulmus glabra. The site supports a go…

Moccas Park

…th a shrub layer of field maple Acer campestre, holly Ilex aquifolium, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and crab apple Malus sylvestris. The ground flora is dominated by bracken Pteridium aquilinum. The Lawn Pool has gradually silted up over the past centu…

Oxhouse Farm

… rigidum. A species rich shrub layer lines each side of the track with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and traveller’s joy Clematis vitalba occurring commonly and also wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana …

Barker Scar

…sile oak Quercus petraea, yew Taxus baccata, privet Ligustrum vulgare, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and hazel Corylus avellana. Scattered individuals of the rare whitebeam Sorbus lancastriensis also occur along the cliffs. A good stand of yew and also a small stand of ash and wych…

Park Wood

… shrub layer. Additional shrub species include rowan Sorbus aucuparia, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and occasional yew Taxus baccata. The herb layer is dominated by great wood-rush Luzula sylvatica, bramble Rubus fruticosus and bilberry Vaccinium myrtill…

Willingdon Down

…und headed rampion Phyteuma orbiculare. Areas of gorse Ulex europaeus, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana scrub are valuable for roosting passerine birds such as lesser whitethroat and yellowhammer.

Castlebeck and Scar Woods

…e understorey comprises holly Ilex aquifolium, rowan Sorbus aucuparia, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and hazel Corylus avellana, with locally, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum. Alder Alnus glutinosais plentiful along the banks of Jugger Howe and in…

Glenarm Woods Part 2

… Quercus spp. is the dominant tree species with alder Alnus glutinosa, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, ash Fraxinus excelsior and willow Salix spp. Multi-stemmed oak Quercus spp. trees are a feature of the wood pasture at Glenarm Woods Part 2, as a result of past management practice…

Williamhope

…us tremula, and Hogberry Hole, an area of scrub woodland that includes hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and willow Salix spp. Regionally rare plants present include adder’s tongue fern Ophioglossum vulgatum, betony Betonica officinalis, fragrant agrimony Agrimonia procera, heath dog v…

Braken Hurst

…rches Betula pendula and Betula pubescens over an understory of hazel, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, holly Ilex aquifolium, dog rose Rosa canina and honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum. The field layer largely consists of bramble Rubus fruticosus and bracken Pteridium aquilinum wit…

Barton Bushes

… site contains areas of dense and scattered scrub and scattered trees. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa dominate the scrub, while scattered trees of ash Fraxinus excelsior and birch Betula pendula are frequent. The mixture of short and long grass and sca…

Castlemorton Common

…f scrub consisting of gorse Ulex europaeus, western gorse Ulex gallii, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. and rose Rosa spp. The scrub is valuable for insects and provides nesting sites for birds such as the stonechat Saxicola rubicola. At the north easter…

Swanpool

…hile in drier areas the canopy is dominated by ash Fraxinus excelsior, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and pedunculate oak Quercus robur. Swanpool* is of particular importance for two reasons, one as an example of a brackish lagoon, a rare habitat, covering only 770 ha. in Britain, …

Benfleet and Southend Marshes

…hich is typical of neutral to acidic conditions. Scrub species include hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, rose Rosa spp. and bramble Rubus fruticosus. The uncommon Bithynian vetch Vicia bithynica occurs here, together with hartwort Tordylium maximum, at its o…

Arcot Hall Grassland and Ponds

…er Calluna vulgaris. Encroachment by scrub including birch Betula sp., hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, gorse Ulex europaeus and blackthorn Prunus spinosa is occurring on both the grasslands and heath. Dense hawthorn and gorse scrub has developed. Secondary woodland has developed on …

Clayton to Offham Escarpment

…ylis glomerata. The scrub is mixed with scattered trees often present. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna is dominant but wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, whitebeam Sorbus aria, hazel Corylus avellana, spindle Euonymus europaeus and g…

Craig Royston Woods

…birch Betula pubescens, alder Alnus glutinosa, ash Fraxinus excelsior, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and wych elm Ulmus glabra occur on the flushed shoreline, stream sides, inaccessible crags and localized areas of nutrient-rich soil. hazel Corylus avellana is common in open areas.…

Stockton Railway Cutting and Quarry

…poil heaps a colony of bee orchid Ophrys apifera. Scrub, predominately hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare with occasional dogwood Cornus sanguinea, lines the railway and has encroached over much of the spoil banks leaving small glades and rides of herb …

Oakland Pasture

…ii have been recorded on the lower slopes. The hedges are dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, with field maple Acer campestre, ash Fraxinus excelsior and blackthorn Prunus spinosa.

Alderton Hill Quarry

…e oak Quercus robur, English elm Ulmus procera, holly Ilex aquifolium, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, hazel Corylus avellana and spindle Euonymus europaeus. The invertebrate fauna includes common blue butterfly Polyommatus icarus.

Hell Kettles

…bs, including alder Alnus glutinosa, grey poplar Populus candicans and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna occur on earth banks, beside a ditch and on the margins of the ponds. The long history of botanical recording at this site, going back to 1777, is of particular note whilst subsequ…

Duncton to Bignor Escarpment

…eech canopy are typically rather sparse although elder Sambucus nigra, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and whitebeam Sorbus aria all occur. The ground flora varies from a dog’s mercury – sanicle – ivy Mercurialis perennis / Sanicula europaea / Hedera helix …

McKean's Moss

…Quercus petraea, with a patchy understorey of holly Ilex aquilinum and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The climbers ivy Hedera helix and honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum are also present. A small area of poor fen exists to the north and north-west of the site, where the old peat cu…

Bratoft Meadows

… fields which border the Cowcroft drain are divided by a high hedge of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna with fine specimens of pollarded crack willow Salix fragilis. Both are managed as hay meadows and are grazed after cutting. They are dominated by sweet vernal grass Anthoxanthum odo…

Lark Wood

…atanus. Coppiced hazel Corylus avellana and wych elm Ulmus glabra with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna forms the shrub layer which is now becoming quite open as a result of the death of most of the elm. The ground flora is composed largely of bramble Rubus fruticosus, dogs mercury Me…

Merries Farm Meadows

…greenweed Genista tinctoria. The two meadows are surrounded by mature hawthorn Crataegus monogyna hedges with blackthorn Prunus spinosa and pedunculate oak Quercus robur.

Honeypot Wood, Wendling

…shrubs such as dogwood Cornus sanguinea, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. There are some standard trees, mostly oak Quercus robur and ash. The long history of continuous coppicing has favoured the development of a rich ground vegetation, which is dominat…

Bach Howey Gorge

… areas of ash woodland, with frequent field maple, wych elm, hazel and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and a range of other trees and shrubs, including holly Ilex aquifolium, crab apple Malus sylvestris, bird cherry Prunus padus and blackthorn Prunus spinosa. Where the soil is damp a…

Carreg Cennan

…d, with an abundant growth of shrubs including hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and holly Ilex aquifolium. This contrasts strongly with the oakwood of Coed y Castell on sandstones to the east. This wood has a sparse shrub layer developed over extensive stands o…

Seller's Wood

… dominated by sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus. hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna are the most abundant of a wide variety of shrub species while the diverse field layer vegetation contains a large number of plant species characteristic of lowland ancient woodland…

Coed Gorswen

…rn Prunus spinosa is locally dominant but with rowan Sorbus aucuparia, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, elder Sambucus nigra, holly Ilex aquifolium, crab apple Malus sylvestris and field maple Acer campestre also occurring. The ground flora is equally rich, five main plant communiti…

Marble Quarry and Hale Fell

…The shrub layer contains abundant hazel, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and frequent juniper Juniperus communis and dog rose Rosa canina. Wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, spindle Euonymus europaeus, dog wood Cornus sanguinea and alder buckthorn Frangula a…

Coedydd Nantgwynant

…nd towards the top of the slopes and increasingly frequent clusters of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna form a low canopy which in places extends beyond the mountain wall. The ash-alder woodland has a field layer characterised by the presence of abundant tufted hair-grass Deschampsia …

Creigiau Pen y Graig

…e. A shrub layer of hazel Corylus avellana, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and dog rose Rosa canina occurs, with a mixture of grasses and herbs including Yorkshire-fog Holcus lanatus, false oat grass Arrhenatherum elatius, false brome Brachypodium sylvatic…

Woldingham & Oxted Downs

… east of the site. Scrub occurs throughout the site and is composed of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, whitebeam Sorbus aria, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare and spindle Euonymus europaeus. The ground vegetation is composed of…

Llwyn-iarth

…., with some oak Quercus petraea and hazel Corylus avellana, scattered hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, rowan Sorbus aucuparia and holly Ilex aquifolium. Bracken is frequent on the well-drained areas. Remarks: The site is within Snowdonia National Park The following Biodiversity Act…

Pen y Gogarth / Great Ormes Head

…g a rich scrub woodland flora that includes blackthorn Prunus spinosa, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, ivy Hedera helix, wild madder Rubia peregrina, wood anemone Anemone nemorosa, lords-and-ladies Arum maculatum, dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis and…

Westhay Moor

…nt include hedges and hedgerow trees of alder Alnus glutinosa, willow, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and birch which together with the meadows provide valuable resting and feeding areas for the invertebrates. The meadows, ditches, abandoned peat workings and hedgerows provide suita…

Hillend Meadow & Orchard

…itch. The site is bounded by species rich hedges on three sides, with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, silver birch Betula pendula, hazel Corylus avellana and spindle Euonymus europaeus. The grassland also supports the dark bush cricket Pholidoptera griseoaptera and common blue but…

Field Barn Heaths, Hilborough

…edstraw Galium verum with scattered bracken. Two oak Quercus robur and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna woodland belts are present on the site.

Giant Hill

…e development of ash Fraxinus woodland with hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna scrub. There are good populations of most of the typical insects of chalk grassland including the local marsh fritillary butterfly Euphydryas aurinia in one of its few downland sit…

Brockley Warren

…rub mainly of juniper Juniperus communis, bramble Rubus fruticosus and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, with scattered planted pines and fescue dominated grassland rich in herbs. The juniper is now mostly moribundand there is little recent regeneration. The grassland includes local o…

Bulmoor Pastures & Coppice

…ur, over a shrub layer consisting mainly of hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, but with holly Ilex aquifolium, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, goat willow Salix caprea and honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum also present. The ground flora is particularly diverse, an…

Northam Burrows

… nationally restricted distribution, and in places forms thickets with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and bramble Rubus fruticosus. Where there is a strong maritime influence a certain degree of salinity supports sea rush Juncus maritimus, grey club-rush Schoenoplectus tabernaemont…

Gweunydd Pendinas

…Linum catharticum are locally abundant. Scrub of dog rose Rosa canina, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus is encroaching on all sides together with bracken Pteridium aquilinum, which was already quite extensive 50 years ago. The middle pasture is steeper…

Shane's Castle

…uercus spp. is the dominant parkland tree species with lime Tilia sp., hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, beech Fagus sylvatica, ash Fraxinus excelsior, horse chestnut Aesculus hippocastanum and sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus. There are also occasional specimens of species such as London…

Clarborough Tunnel

…f the site has been colonised by calcareous scrub consisting mainly of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, privet Ligustrum vulgare, sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus and crab apple Malus sylvestris, together with woody climbing and rambling plants particularly rose Rosa spp., black bryony T…

Garston's Down

…e base rich scrub and woodland has developed. The scrub is composed of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and bramble Rubus fruticosus commonly with wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana while the woodland consists mainly of ash Fraxinus excelsior and hazel Corylus avellana commonly coated in…

Pig Hill

…. Due to the absence of grazing part of the site has become invaded by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and gorse Ulex europaeus, whilst small thickets of young ash Fraxinus excelsior have developed. On the wet valley floor, fen dominated by great willow herb Epilobium hirsutum and fr…

Lord's Wood Meadows

…cur here. The smaller field to the north is a steep bank with areas of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, elder Sambucus nigra and bramble Rubus fruticosus scrub. Dyer’s greenweed is abundant with frequent devil’s bit scabious, common knapweed and common bird’s foot trefoil. Other herb…

Marcheini Uplands, Gilfach Farm & Gamallt

… slopes of Gareg-lwyd are a similar grassland type, but with scattered hawthorn Crataegus monogyna bushes forming a generally sparse shrub component, particularly in association with the crags. This upland edge fridd is a very characteristic habitat mosaic of great value for spec…

Whippendell Wood

… present elsewhere. Other scrub species include holly Ilex aquifolium, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and wild cherry Prunus avium with occasional spindle Euonymus europaeus. The ground flora is typical of such conditions and is dominated by Yorkshire fog H…

Pasture and Asplin Woods

…Ulmus sp. The shrub layer contains abundant hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, while there is also prolific growth of woody climbers and ramblers, particularly bramble Rubus fruticosus, honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum and rose Rosa arvensis. Besides the bra…

Misson Training Area

…dense shrub layer with Salix cinerea, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The ground flora is less species rich and is characterised by an abundance of nettle Urtica dioica, cleavers Galium aparine, great hairy willowherb Epilobium hirsutum and bramble. …

Burley Dene Meadows

…several ponds and the old, mature and species rich hedges dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna which surround the fields; trees within these hedgerows include a number of veteran oaks Quercus robur and black poplar Populus nigra pollards; the latter species is one of Britain'…

Old Bodney Camp

…nut Castanea sativa. Small areas of bracken Pteridium aquilinum and of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna scrub are also present.

Broad Green

… grass vetchling Lathyrus nissolia. In recent years some scrub, mainly hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and goat willow Salix caprea, has become established over parts of the site.

Osebury Rock

…opes the shrub layer is mainly dominated by hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. Holly Ilex aquifolium and a few small trees of yew Taxus baccata occur on the cliffs. The ground flora varies with the transition from dry acidic conditions on the rocks and upper …

Peatlands Park

…s of holly Ilex aquifolium and rowan Sorbus aucuparia, with occasional hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and hazel Corylus avellana. In the less mature woodland, the field layer is dominated by dense bramble Rubus frulicosus agg. and honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum, with occasional f…

Odstock Down

…ork of scrub and grassland habitats, particularly on the lower slopes. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna predominates but a range of other shrubs is present including buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, holly Ilex aquifolium, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana. Amo…

Plaster's Green Meadows

…he meadows are bounded by hedges supporting numerous species including hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, wych elm Ulmus glabra, English elm Ulmus procera, hazel Corylus avellana and field maple Acer campestre. Hedgerow trees include ash Fraxinus excelsior, sweet chestnut Castanea sati…

Piggledene

…panula rotundifolia. Bounded by tall hedges the site has a scatter of hawthorns Crataegus monogyna and a few mature ash trees Fraxinus excelsior. Lying amongst intensively cultivated fields, the pasture and scrub of Piggledene is of local importance for populations of common bird…

Elm Road Field, Thetford

…red mixed scrub, particularly at the eastern end. This is dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and oak Quercus robur, with some pine and blackthorn Prunus spinosa.

Romsley Hill

…re bounded by hedges with scattered trees. Common hedgerow species are hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, field maple Acer campestre, elder Sambucus nigra, wych elm Ulmus glabra, dog rose Rosa canina, field rose Rosa arvensis, hazel Corylus avellanand ash Fraxinus excelsior. The areas…

Sherburn Hill

…zing a large part of the site has become invaded by scrub dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, common gorse Ulex europaeus and a number of rose species Rosa spp. Locally, natural succession is leading to the development of secondary ash woodland. This site supports one of th…

Upper Wharfedale

…xinus excelsior, downy birch Betula pubescens, hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and rowan Sorbus aucuparia with varying amounts of sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus. Shrubs occasionally present include wild privet Ligustrum vulgare and spindle Euonymus europaeus. Do…

Seive Dale Fen

…of oak Quercus sp., ash Fraxinus excelsior, hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna adjoins the grassland. The ground flora here includes dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis, wood sorrel Oxalis acetosella and barren strawberry Potentilla sterilis. On the lower slope…

Spye Park

… shrub layer includes neglected coppice of hazel Corylus avellana with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, privet Ligustrum vulgare, elder Sambucus nigra and occasionally holly Ilex aquifolium. The generally open canopy and water logged soils give rise to a diverse ground flora where gr…

Coed Aberdulas

…late oak Quercus robur, with an understorey of hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and some silver birch Betula pendula, crab apple Malus sylvestris and rowan Sorbus aucuparia. The ground flora is characterised by an abundance of bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta…

Coed Gwempa

…e hazel Corylus avellana coppice, dense in places, along with frequent hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, elder Sambucus nigra, guelder-rose Viburnum opulus, goat willow Salix caprea and grey willow Salix cinerea. Over large areas the ground flora comprises dog's mercury Mercurialis pe…

Coed Tyddyn-du

…eas, or with common sallow Salix atrocinerea, dog rose Rosa canina and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna in the younger areas of scrub. A bramble Rubus sprengelii, characteristic of the primary colonising phase of birch woodland, but a very rare plant in west Wales, is abundant. hazel …

Coed Tremadog

…species, notably mountain ash Sorbus aucuparia, holly Ilex aquifolium, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and crab-apple Malus sylvestris are present. Throughout most of the woodland there is a well developed canopy and understorey. In ungrazed sections of the woodland, seedlings and yo…

Cwm Bach, Sychpant

…en, with scattered gorse Ulex europaeus and western gorse Ulex gallii. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, with some blackthorn Prunus spinosa, is frequent across the middle slopes, but the densest scrub and woodland occurs along the lower banks of the two main streams. Ash Fraxinus exc…

Gweunydd Coch-y-dwst

…tional habitat diversity is provided by patches of scrub, dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and gorse Ulex spp., within the western part of the site.

Hemingfold Meadow

…es of pedunculate oak Quercus robur with an understorey which includes hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and hazel Corylus avellana.

Mather Wood

…s tremula. The shrub layer is characterised by hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and field maple Acer campestre, while the ground flora is dominated by honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum, bramble Rubus fruticosus and rough meadow grass Poa trivialis. The wood con…

Cleeve Hill

…rn part of the site has been strongly colonised by mixed scrub, mainly hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and includes a small areas of coppiced hazel Corylus avellana woodland. The grassland supports a characteristic rich f…

Parc Linden, Lixwm

…ch as tormentil Potentilla erecta and common bent Agrostis capillaris. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna bushes are scattered across the site and there are small areas of dense blackthorn Prunus spinosa scrub and bracken Pteridium aquilinum on the edges of the site. Grikes within the p…

Hatfield Forest

… The shrub layer is similarly variable with hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, with some blackthorn Prunus spinosa. Holly Ilex aquifolium is conspicuous by its unexplained absence. The Forest is particularly noted for its ancient "thorn", often covered with m…

Quoile

…pseudoplatanus and Scots pine Pinus sylvestris. Holly Ilex aquifolium, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and hazel Corylus avellana often form a well-developed shrub layer below. The ground flora consists of a wide variety of species including bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta. Wood a…

Dunstable and Whipsnade Downs

…d and dense scrub and tall herb communities. The scrub is dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, with associated dog rose Rosa canina, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and species characteristic of the chalk downland, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and …

Barnsley Warren

… europaeus occurs as extensive patches in two parts of the dry valley. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and ash Fraxinus excelsior are colonising the gorse stands and occur as scattered bushes and trees in other parts of the site. Birch Betula pendula, turkey oak Quercus cerris and bl…

Hartlebury Common and Hillditch Coppice

…n which silver birch Betula pendula, pedunculate oak Quercus robur and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna occur. This is the most extensive example of dry heath in Worcestershire and supports several heathland or sand loving plants which are very scarce in the county. These include heat…

Kingsbury Wood

…r birch Betula pendula over a hazel Corylus avellana understorey, with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, dogwood Cornus sanguinea birch and the occasional crab apple Malus sylvestris. There is a smaller area dominated by ash Fraxinus excelsior with oak over hazel understorey with hawt…

Kisdon Force Woods

…etula pubescens. Theshrub layer is composed of hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and bird cherry Prunus padus. Many typical woodland herbs make up the ground flora including dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis, false brome Brachypodium sylvaticum, primrose Primul…

Tilehill Wood

… holly Ilex aquifolium, rowan Sorbus aucuparia, aspen Populus tremula, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and crab apple Malus sylvestris. Bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. and bracken Pteridium aquilinum are locally dominant in the ground flora with wavy hair grass Deschampsia flexuosa, cr…

Len Pastures, Crackpot

…slopes support scattered scrub, predominantly dog rose Rosa canina and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and this develops into a narrow area of woodland by Haverdale Beck, where elements of a woodland ground flora including primrose Primula vulgaris and wood sorrel Oxalis acetosella a…

West Harting Down

… which have colonised the downland. Yew is prominent in this scrub but hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and dogwood Cornus sanguinea also occur.

Parsonage Down

…ricted scrub development on the down. However gorse Ulex europaeus and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna occur locally as clumps with bramble Rubus fruticosus agg and dog rose Rosa canina. To the west of the site are more extensive areas of scrub. Limited invertebrate study has so far …

River Test

…ates depend. Tall riparian vegetation with willows and scrub including hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and elder Sambucus nigra is a particular feature along many stretches of the river channels. Sometimes separated from the bank by fishing paths it is g…

Sheringham and Beeston Regis Commons

…s Anthoxanthum odoratum and sheep’s sorrel Rumex acetosella. Bushes of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa are encroaching on many of the open areas of heath. Other habitats present on the site include deciduous woodland, neutral grassland and small ponds. T…

Teddon Farm

…ndaries are formed by species rich hedges with ash Fraxinus excelsior, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and hazel Corylus avellana. The invertebrate fauna includes small skipper Thymelicus sylvestris, meadow brown Maniola jurtina and ringlet Aphantopus hyperantus butterflies and the c…

Lineage Wood & Railway Track, Long Melford

…spinosa with some dogwood Cornus sanguinea, hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. Lineage Wood was replanted with a mixed conifer and some broadleaf trees, mainly beech Fagus sylvatica, thirty years ago. Despite this, many of the ground flora characteristics of …

Rabbit Wood

…iced, but also contains a wide range of other native species including hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, spindle Euonymus europaeus and privet Ligustrum vulgare. The ground flora is rich and varied and includes a number of species uncommon in this part of th…

Sutton Combe

… Thymus praecox. Scrub, which forms dense patches in places, is mainly hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and associated species are traveller's joy Clematis vitalba and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. Breeding butterflies include the commoner downland species as well as the very local Duke o…

Mole Gap to Reigate Escarpment

…d throughout the site and consists of a variety of shrubs dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and dogwood Cornus sanguinea, with privet Ligustrum vulgare, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and young yew, ash and whitebeam trees. Some areas on the …

Syderstone Common

…ools. Much of the heathland and the gorse dominated area also supports hawthorn Crataegus monogyna scrub and developing birch Betula pendula woodland. Interesting plants found in the heathland include petty whin Genista anglica and dodder Cuscuta epithymum. The soils of Sydersto…

Caeiron Meadow

…s surrounded by tall hedges composed mainly of hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and rowan Sorbus aucuparia with white willow Salix alba and alder Alnus glutinosa where it adjoins the Escley Brook on its northern edge.

Sharpnage Wood

…hazel Corylus avellana but birch Betula pendula, yew Taxus baccata and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna are also present. The ground flora is very rich and includes many rare and unusual species including herb paris Paris quadrifolia, wild daffodil Narcissus pseudonarcissus, columbine…

Sowley Pond

…ing timber, a well developed shrub layer of hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and a comparatively well developed flora which includes at least some species characteristic of ancient woodland. There is a notable abundance of butcher's brome Ruscus aculeatus an…

Tuthill Quarry

…f the site. Young, scrubby woodland comprising ash Fraxinus excelsior, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and elder Sambucus nigra has developed over a large proportion of the central section of the site. Scattered scrub occurs amongst the grassland throughout the site and comprises haw…

Bliss Gate Pastures

…a sterilis. Towards the top of the slope there is a zone of scrub with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, bracken Pteridium aquilinum, western gorse Ulex gallii and ash Fraxinus excelsior. In the southern pasture the sward corresponds to the heath grass Danthonia decumbens sub communi…

Malham-Arncliffe

…e latter area supports downy birch Betula pubescens together with ash, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and often abundant hazel Corylus avellana. Field House Wood supports small populations of the local whitebeam Sorbus rupicola and dark red helleborine Epipactis atrorubens. The latt…

Walton Common

…d onto the grassland in many areas. Commonly occurring species include hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, ash Fraxinus excelsior, oak Quercus robur and Turkey oak Quercus cerris. In some areas where the soil is deeper and more acidic, bracken Pteridium aquilinum has encroached onto the…

Troutsdale and Rosekirk Dale Fens

…nigrum. Small areas of scrub occur within both fen systems and include hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and grey willow Salix cinerea. It is known that calcareous fen systems support distinctive insect faunas. Although this site has not been well studied, it…

Rye Harbour

…hese are dominated by cock's foot Dactylis glomerata and have belts of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, sallow Salix cinerea and gorse. The open water habitats created by shingle extraction have an aquatic flora which includes horned pondweed Zannichellia palustris and fennel pondwee…

Glenballyemon River

…ia, willow Salix spp., ash Fraxinus excelsior, hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus, alder Alnus glutinosa and downy birch Betula pubescens. Further downstream the gradient decreases and the predominant land use is semi-improved pastur…

Upware North Pit

…small flooded pits divided by bunds colonised by willow Salix spp. and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The pools contain a large amount of emergent vegetation including stands of common reed Phragmites australis and greater pond sedge Carex riparia. Among some of the more uncommon s…

Clough Woods

…r and more species rich shrub layer with guelder rose Viburnum opulus, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa. The ground flora is equally diverse with dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis, enchanter’s nightshade Circaea lutetiana, water avens Geum rivale and bro…

Cockleford Marsh

…eam hinting at the site's potential value for invertebrates. Scattered hawthorn Crataegus monogyna scrub occurs on the drier grassland providing shelter for invertebrates and birdlife.

Sked Dale

…wn sites in the Yorkshire Wolds. The scrub and coarse grasses comprise hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and gorse Ulex europaeus with false oat grass Arrhenatherum elatius and cock's foot Dactylis glomerata. Locally within the coarse grassland, a richer flora survives with greater kna…

Burton Leonard Lime Quarry

…eveloping into woodland. Woody species include ash Fraxinus excelsior, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and hazel Corylus avellana. The grassland comprises species characteristic of Magnesian Limestone including yellow oat Trisetum flavescens, the spring sedges Carex caryophyllea and …

Middle Crossthwaite

…ckthorn Prunus spinosa, willows Salix spp., rowan Sorbus aucuparia and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna over an understorey of foxglove Digitalis purpurea, wood sorrel Oxalis acetosella, bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta, betony Betonica officinalis, common knapweed and pignut. Wett…

Staines Moor

…ass Cynodon dactylon. Scrub on the old railway embankments consists of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, sallow Salix cinerea, birch Betula pendula and pedunculate oak Quercus robur. The adjacent rough grassland is dominated by cock's foot Dactylis glomerata, tall fescue Schedonorus a…

Handcocks Bottom

…nguinea and spindle Euonymus europaeus, as well as the more ubiquitous hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa. The rich ground flora, also reflects the geological variation within the wood, with dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis, wood anemone Anemone nemorosa,…

Noar Hill

… grassland overlying ancient quarries, through invasive mixed scrub of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, juniper Juniperus communis and sweet briar and southern downy roses Rosa micrantha and Rosa tomentosa to mature beech Fagus 'hanger' woodland. In additio…

Thorness Bay

…and alder Alnus glutinosa in the wetter areas to gorse Ulex europaeus, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and privet Ligustrum vulgare in the drier areas. The semi natural woodland on the landslip area at Burnt wood supports the nationally rare fly Dorycera graminum which is listed in t…

West Pennine Moors

…l developed shrub layer in places, including bird cherry Prunus padus, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and guelder rose Viburnum opulus on the wet, lime rich ground. Within the many flushes of this woodland is also an area of an uncommon wet woodland type with alder Alnus glutinosa a…

Breach Fields

… thistle Cirsium palustre. Mixed hedgerows of hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and occasional mature pedunculate oak Quercus robur with small areas of bramble Rubus fruticosus and common gorse Ulex europaeus scrub add to the diversit…

Ham Hill

… elsewhere. Shrubs present include frequent blackthorn Prunus spinosa, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, elder Sambucus nigra and privet Ligustrum vulgare and occasional wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica. This mixed scrub habita…

Ramsey's Burn Wood

…rly coppiced with silver birch Betula pendula, hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and rowan Sorbus aucuparia. The field layer is rich in plant species and is dominated by sheep’s fescue Festuca ovina, common bent Agrostis capillaris and tufted hair grass Deschamp…

West Fermanagh Scarplands

…ccasionally forms a low canopy where ash Fraxinus excelsior is scarce. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, rowan Sorbus aucuparia and holly Ilex aquifolium also occur in the understorey. bramble Rubus fruticosus agg., stone bramble R. saxatilis and a diverse fern community form a charac…

New House Meadows, Malham

… are single trees of ash Fraxinus excelsior, wych elm Ulmus glabra and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna.

Pevensey Levels

…parallel to it is dominated by mature crack willow Salix fragilis with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and elder Sambucus nigra scrub. Closed canopies have a sparse ground cover of ground ivy Glechoma hederacea and nettle Urtica dioica. This area is of importance for moths. An area o…

Baronscourt

…re Acer pseudoplatanus, ash Fraxinus excelsior, lime Tilia x europaea, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and horse chestnut Aesculus hippocastanum. There are occasional specimens of species such as hornbeam Carpinus betulus and sweet chestnut Castanea sativa. The parkland trees and shr…

Caldanagh Bog

…l stands of rank bracken Pteridium aquilinum, gorse Ulex europaeus and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna scrub. A number of notable species have been recorded for the area. In addition to the Sphagnum mosses already mentioned, burnet saxifrage Pimpinella saxifraga grows on the esker ri…

Woolbeding and Pound Commons

…a greater diversity of shrub species including hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and grey willow. Waterlogged areas have grey willow or alder Alnus glutinosa carr. The ground vegetation in these wetter areas is more diverse, supporting several species of woodla…

Dixton Wood

…endron cylindricum and the lesser stag beetle Dorcus parallalopipedus. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna hedges bordering the wood and game management clearings with flowering bramble provide important nectar sources for the dead wood fauna. Other Information The site is within the C…

Tow River Wood

…na understorey beneath is interspersed with rowan Sorbus aucuparia and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The ground flora is typical of calcicolous base-rich woods and is generally rich in species. It consists of stands of wood anemone Anemone nemorosa, bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scri…

Straidkilly Wood

…avellana canopy, commonly interspersed with rowan Sorbus aucuparia and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. Taller standards of ash Fraxinus excelsior, goat willow Salix caprea and downy birch Betula pubescens occur only occasionally throughout most of the wood, becoming most prominent a…

Silverbrook Wood

…r shrub species include holly Ilex aquifolium, rowan Sorbus aucuparia, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and in wetter conditions, willow Salix spp. Where present the field layer consists of a mixture of ferns, thickets of bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. and locally in the most acidic co…

Corbally

…ort scrubby stands of gorse Ulex europaeus, grey willow Salix cinerea, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. Corbally contains a number of scarce plants including lesser tussock sedge Carex diandra, slender sedge Carex lasiocarpa…

Drumcarn

… Alnus glutinosa, and drier patches dominated by gorse Ulex europaeus, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and bramble Rubus fruticosus. The area contains a number of notable plants, including floating club-rush Eleogiton fluitans and the mosses Calliergon cordifolium, Calliergon gigante…

Edenaclogh Wood

…nd is accompanied by rowan Sorbus aucuparia, holly Ilex aquifolium and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. Below, the woodland floor is covered by a scattering of bramble Rubus fruticosus agg, hard fern Blechnum spicant and broad buckler fern Dryopteris dilatata, growing over a carpet o…

Ballymacallion

…wny birch Betula pubescens and willows Salix spp. Other shrubs include hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, holly Ilex aquifolium and rowan Sorbus aucuparie. The ground cover is variable with grasses and moss covered boulders dominating the lower slopes with species such as bluebell Hyac…

Aldbury Nowers

…f grazing in recent years the calcareous grassland has been invaded by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spindle tree Euonymus europaeus to produce a mosaic of scrub and grassland, which is important for some invertebrate spec…

Seabrook Stream

…tellina frequent amongst the ground flora. The scrub is principally of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, elder Sambucus nigra and blackthorn Prunus spinosa. Within the grassland are found species characteristic of basic soils, such as stemless thistle Cirsium acaule as well as other s…

Dean Brook Valley Pastures

…ip of scrub along the northern boundary of the two pastures containing hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, with blackthorn Prunus spinosa. The west pasture is bordered by the brook on its southern side and the remaining boundaries are hedges dominated by hawthorn, with blackthorn, ash F…

Leckhampton Hill and Charlton Kings Common

…ypes of scrub may be distinguished, mixed broadleaf scrub dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna with blackthorn Prunus spinosa and wild rose Rosa sp.; and gorse scrub consisting of gorse Ulex europaeus with occasional pockets of ash Fraxinus excelsior regeneration. The scrub p…

Purn Hill

…gustrum vulgare, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spindle Euonymus europaeus, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa and patches of gorse Ulex europaeus on more leached soils. The scrub grades into immature secondary woodland dominated by ash Fraxinus excelsior. hazel…

Tudor Cottage Meadow

…wort Serratula tinctoria. The meadow is bounded by hedges dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna on all sides.

Craighall Den

…ca. An understorey of hazel Corylus avellana, elder Sambucus nigra and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna is present with occasional gooseberry Ribes uva-crispa and bird cherry Prunus padus on areas of more level ground. The ground flora north of the burn is variously dominated by dog’s…

Craigdilly

…ea scrub with rowan Sorbus aucuparia, birch Betula spp with occasional hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and hazel Corylus avellana. Outside the woodland occasional birch, rowan and willow trees are regenerating in the mixed heather and blaeberry Vaccinium my…

Stinchcombe Hill

…. Scrub vegetation at the margins of the grassland consists mainly of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. On the lower slopes this grades into woodland composed primarily of ash Fraxinus excel…

Epsom and Ashtead Commons

…rub is scattered throughout the open grasslands and consists mainly of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, gorse Ulex europaeus and sallow Salix cinerea. The grassland and scrub supports breeding birds such as grasshopper warbler and lesser whitethroat and carries large populations of w…

Cissbury Ring

… facing scarp slope consists of a diversity of shrub species including hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spindle Euonymus europaeus. Elsewhere, scrub invasion is more scattered particularly in the area occupied by the old flint mi…

Lewes Brooks

… Ranunculus sceleratus and water dock Rumex hydrolapathum. Occasional hawthorns Crataegus monogyna, sallows Salix caprea and crack willows S. fragilis also occur. In the ditches a range of aquatic species rapidly recolonise after they have been cleaned out, including both rigid a…

Rodborough Common

…rts of the Common, particularly near the margins, consisting mainly of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, bramble Rubus fruticosus and young trees. Of particular interest are areas containing juniper Juniperus communis. Broadleaved woodland occurs on some of the site margins, consistin…

Weir Wood Reservoir

…aquilinum dominate a few small areas. There are several belts of dense hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and bramble Rubus fruticosus scrub. Woodland is established in places and is mostly of recent origin. Where water courses drain into the reservoir or where the ground is otherwise p…

Calbourne Down

…ich support a mixed open scrub dominated by gorse Ulex europaeus, with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and ash Fraxinus excelsior. The scrub has a diverse structure and is broken by a series of open, acid grassland lawns dominated by Yorkshire fog Holcus lanatus and common bent Agros…

Daneway Banks

…Scrub and scree communities are made up of blackthorn, Prunus spinosa, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, dog rose Rosa canina and young trees. The presence of angular Solomon’s seal Polygonatum odoratum is of particular interest.

Pipershill Common

…becomes more common and the shrub layer is richer with species such as hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, hazel Corylus avellana, holly Ilex aquifolium and goat willow Salix caprea present. The ground flora also reflects the calcareous nature of the soil with abundant dog’s mercury Mer…

Hucclecote Meadows

…cies. The fields are bordered by very old hedges consisting largely of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa with occasional hedgerow trees such as oak Quercus robur. A good range of butterflies have been recorded including meadow brown Maniola jurtina, marbl…

Thanet Coast

…e Acer campestre woodland which is replaced further down the valley by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa scrub. Young smooth leaved elm Ulmus minor is abundant throughout. The exposed cliff top east of Bishopstone supports a large area of coastal grassland…

Coedydd Dyffryn Wnion

…ising hazel Corylus avellana, holly Ilex aquifolium and the occasional hawthorn Crataegus monogyna higher up the slopes. Rhododendron ponticum, a non-native and highly invasive species occurs as scattered individuals in parts of Torrent Walk. The field layer is variable but is us…

Kingerby Beck Meadows

…mprised three fields, but now the old boundaries are marked by remnant hawthorn Crataegus monogyna hedges. The site is bordered to the south by Kingerby Beck and is otherwise enclosed by mature hedges. A wide range of grasses occurs within the site, including sweet vernal grass A…

Scar End Wood

…aria and scattered holly Ilex aquifolium make up the canopy. Localised hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, alder Alnus glutinosa, willow Salix atrocinerea and bog myrtle Myrica gale produce a patchy understorey. The ground flora is predominantly bilberry Vaccinium myrtillus with areas …

Blaen Nedd

…e species. In these areas, the shrub layer often consists of scattered hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and hazel, with a grassy ground layer of common bent Agrostis capillaris, creeping soft-grass, sweet vernal-grass Anthoxanthum odoratum and wavy hair-grass Deschampsia flexuosa. Blu…

Lower Swaledale Woods And Grasslands

…t, component of much of the woodland, while hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna are the commonest components of the understorey. A most uncommon feature is the occurrence of yew Taxus baccata woodland along many of the limestone scars, a habitat which is scarce…

High Woods

…inus sylvestris and holly Ilex aquifolium. The shrub layer consists of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, elder Sambucus nigra and very occasionally alder buckthorn Frangula alnus. The field layer is dominated by bramble, bracken Pteridium aquilinum and honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenu…

Hainault Forest

…unculate oak. Holly Ilex aquifoliumis frequent in the understorey with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, birch and maiden oaks. hazel Corylus avellana and crab apple Malus sylvestris are occasional whilst ash and field maple tend to be confined to the valleys. A small proportion of th…

Whiddon Deer Park

…luding birch Betula spp., holly Ilex aquifolium, willow Salix spp. and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The ground flora is largely dominated by fescue Festuca spp. and bent Agrostis spp. grassland together with bracken Pteridium aquilinum. Rushes Juncus spp., purple moor-grass Molin…

Madingley Wood

…le Acer campestre being common. Old hazel Corylus avellana coppice and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna dominate the shrub layer. The secondary woodland holds a mixture of elm Ulmus sp. and ash with a shrub layer of elm suckers and blackthorn Prunus spinosa. The ground flora is typica…

Llanymynech and Llynclys Hills

…a and greater butterfly orchid Platanthera chlorantha occur. Scrub of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, silver birch Betula pendula and bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. is also extensive. The wooded rocks and cliffs of the west facing scarp contain many interesting species, despite exte…

Crook Peak to Shute Shelve Hill

…of Ash, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna is developing on many areas of the hills. greater horseshoe bats Rhinolophus ferrumequinum have been recorded in recent years. Geology There are cave deposits of interest at the s…

Cloatley Manor Farm Meadows

…hich form substantial barriers to stock in many places, are made up of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa with numerous standard trees of pedunculate oak Quercus robur, ash Fraxinus excelsior, field maple Acer campestre along with English elm Ulmus procera and…

Wormley-Hoddesdonpark Woods North

…and. The shrub layer is well developed with dogwood Cornus sanguinea, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and holly Ilex aquifolium widespread. A diverse ground flora is dominated by dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis and grasses such as wood meadow grass Poa nemoralis and wood millet …

Barelees Pond

…k carries scrub and tall herb vegetation, mainly elder Sambucus nigra, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, wild rose Rosa sp., rosebay willow herb Epilobium angustifolium and common nettle Urtica dioica. A piped overflow in the north west corner of the pond now limits its top water lev…

The Wilderness & Vermin Valley

…he slope the shrub layer consists almost entirely of hazel coppice and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. On the lower slopes where the soils are deeper and more base rich the shrubs are more varied and include dogwood Cornus sanguinea, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, spindle Euonymus eu…

Moss Valley Woods

… to the oak. The understorey is mainly holly Ilex aquifolium with some hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and there is a large block of coppiced hazel Corylus avellana; an important habitat for breeding birds. The ground flora is species rich, many of the plants being ancient woodland i…

Kelling Heath

…g a steep escarpment at the eastern margin of the site. Small areas of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa scrub are also present. Nightjars Caprimulgus europaeus breed on the site and other typical heathland species include whitethroat Sylvia communis, nigh…

Papworth Wood

… ash. A discontinuous shrub layer is present comprising suckering elm, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and elder Sambucus nigra with other shrub species scattered throughout. The ground flora varies within the wood. Parts are dominated by bramble Rubus agg., rough meadow grass Poa tr…

Stawardpeel Woods

…us avellana, which is quite dense in places. Holly Ilex aquifolium and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna are also present. The differing ground flora communities also reflect the varying substrate conditions. Acidic conditions are revealed under oak by heathland species such as bilberr…

Farthing Downs and Happy Valley

…y Prunus avium. Species indicative of ancient woodland include midland hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, sweet woodruff Galium odoratum, bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta, yellow archangel Lamiastrum galeobdolon and bird’s nest orchid Neottia nidus-avis.

Queestmoor Meadow

…exus. The site is bordered on two sides by mixed hedgerows composed of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, elder Sambucus nigra, hazel Corylus avellana and field maple Acer campestre.

Middle Hope

…rium erythraea. The scrub towards the west of the site is dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa, while that to the east consists of common gorse Ulex europaeus and bramble Rubus fruticosus agg.

River Coquet and Coquet Valley Woodlands

…osella, hedge woundwort Stachys sylvatica and wood avens Geum urbanum. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, hazel Corylus avellana, rowan Sorbus aucuparia, holly Ilex aquifolium and downy birch Betula pubescens are the main shrub species found in the ash woods with dog’s mercury Mercuria…

Blackmore Vale Commons And Moors

…rylus avellana, ash Fraxinus excelsior, field maple Acer campestre and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. Wild privet Ligustrum vulgare is locally frequent and a number of other shrubs, including blackthorn Prunus spinosa, contribute to the varied structure and natural woodland edge. I…

Cressbrook Dale

…mportant component. Scrub in the dales is varied; much is derived from hawthorn Crataegus monogyna encroachment onto the grassland, some of it being 80–100 years old. This scrub is enriched with blackthorn Prunus spinosa, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and rose Rosa spp. In several…

Draycott Sleights

…tis morio is a notable component of this community. Scattered scrub of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, bramble Rubus fruticosus and gorse Ulex europaeus is widespread. A small area of immature secondary woodland dominated by hawthorn and ash Fraxinus excelsior with common whitebeam …

Graig, Llanarmon-yn-Ial

…rb-robert Geranium robertianum, dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. There are several uncommon plant species including frog orchid Dactylorhiza viridis, adder’s-tongue Ophioglossum vulgatum and moonwort Botrychium lunaria. On the more accessible an…

Hen-allt Common

…le Acer campestre, alder Alnus glutinosa, silver birch Betula pendula, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, ash Fraxinus excelsior, holly Ilex aquifolium, oak Quercus spp., goat willow Salix caprea, grey willow Salix cinerea and bramble Rubus fruticosus are all locally prominent. Remark…

Barnham Heath

…dland consists mainly of birch Betula pubescens, oak Quercus robur and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. In the wetter areas willows Salix spp. are also found, whilst in some areas Scot's pine Pinus sylvestris and other conifers appear to have established by seeding from nearby planta…

Combe Wood and Linkenholt Hanging

…ted orchid Dactylorhiza fuchsii. Nearby areas of scrub are composed of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare and other shrubs. These areas support many insects including the Pyralid moth Pyrausta nigrata, the common ground hopper Tet…

Nacton Meadows

…rooklime Veronica beccabunga. Around the site's periphery are areas of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and elder Sambucus nigra scrub with areas of bracken Pteridium aquilinum and nettles Urtica dioica. A small oak wood occurs on the valley side and a line of alder Alnus glutinosa fo…

Alyn Valley Woods and Alyn Gorge Caves

…oadleaved woodland is typically composed of hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna with occasional wych elm Ulmus glabra and holly Ilex aquifolium. Yew Taxus baccata occurs locally usually at the northern end. Dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis, ivy Hedera helix a…

Barnhamcross Common

…rion angustifolium and re colonised by gorse. Mixed scrub dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and naturally re generated oak Quercus robur occupies a considerable part of the south western corner of the Common. A fairly rich chalky grassland survives between the bushes. Scot…

Moel y Golfa

…Acer pseudoplatanus, with an understorey of hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. Beech Fagus sylvatica occurs frequently, and has evidently been planted along with scattered Scots pine Pinus sylvestris and larch Larix spp.. The ground flora of the site is varia…

Prestatyn Hillside

…crub communities dominate the middle and lower slopes of the hillside, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna predominating, together with ash Fraxinus excelsior where secondary woodland is developing. Other species include dogwood Cornus sanguinea; spindle Euonymus europaeus and buck thor…

Calke Park

…ippocastanum, which are over 300 years old. The pollen of the abundant hawthorn Crataegus monogyna is of particular importance as a food source for many of the rare dead wood beetles which are recorded for the site. It is this plenitude of dead wood habitat which has existed con…

Lambert's Castle

…age further to secondary woodland of birch Betula spp. with occasional hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, rowan Sorbus aucuparia and pedunculate oak Quercus robur. At the base of the Upper Greensand, where it adjoins the Gault, is a spring line which has led to the formation of a zone…

Chanstone Wood

…r contains a number of other species including hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and goat willow Salix caprea. The south eastern part of the wood is dominated by coppiced small leaved lime Tilia cordata and sessile oak. Some hazel is also present. The ground veg…

Stoney Middleton Dale

…on in Derbyshire daleside woodlands. In Eyam Dale, this is replaced by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and dog rose Rosa canina over a diverse ground flora including moschatel Adoxa moschatellina and wood avens Geum urbanum. The limestone cliffs and older quarry faces are not subject…

Wyre Forest

… to the overall breeding bird assemblage of the forest. Areas of scrub hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa form a transition between the woodland and grassland habitats and are important for a range of birds and invertebrates and a food source for mammals su…

Barnstone Railway Cutting

…oary ragwort Senecio erucifolius and rough hawkbit Leontodon hispidus. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and ash Fraxinus excelsior are the commonest scrub species. Pools and a flowing ditch at the south eastern end of the site comprise the wetland habitats in contrast to the dry gras…

Tunstall Hills and Ryhope Cutting

… Thalictrum minus and black bryony Tamus communis. Scrub, dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, is widespread and is invading the ungrazed grasslands, whilst south west facing slopes have been colonised by secondary ash Fraxinus excelsior woodland with a ground flora containi…

Coombe Hill

…nhanced by patches of scrub, principally blackthorn Prunus spinosa and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and areas of broadleaved woodland. The woodland canopy is dominated by ash Fraxinus excelsior, pedunculate oak Quercus robur and beech Fagus sylvatica with an understorey of hazel C…

Wrawby Moor

… Quercus robur, sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus, elder Sambucus nigra and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The ground flora is generally dominated by either bracken Pteridium aquilinum, creeping soft grass Holcus mollis, or in damper hollows by brown bent Agrostis canina. Herbaceous spe…

Barrow Hills Sandpit

…acterised by the abundance of privet Ligustrum vulgare, rose Rosa spp, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and ash Fraxinus excelsior together with a few specimens of buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica. The mix of habitats present is ideally suited to support a diverse invertebrate fauna.

Cotswold Commons and Beechwoods

…encroachment is occurring in some ungrazed areas, with species such as hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, field rose Rosa arvensis and young tree growth. There are a few juniper Juniperus communis bushes. At Painswick Beacon there has been a rapid spread of self sown Scot's pine Pinus …

The Carrs

…m Ulmus glabra and sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus with an understorey of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, hazel, Corylus avellana and elder Sambucus nigra. The ground flora includes enchanter’s nightshade Circaea lutetiana, dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis, common figwort Scrophulari…

Abney & Bretton Cloughs

…ominant over considerable areas and is associated in places with dense hawthorn Crataegus monogyna scrub. Some of the grasslands are particularly species rich with purple moor grass Molinia caerulea, common bent, lousewort Pedicularis sylvatica and greater butterfly orchid Platan…

Drumlougher Lough

…s, together with gorse Ulex europaeus and bracken Pteridium aquilinum. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and rowan Sorbus aucuparia scrub with bramble Rubus fruticosus is well represented, as is wet woodland with birch Betula pubescens and willow Salix spp. In addition to some of those…

Augill Valley Pasture

…, grading into denser thickets of birch, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and eventually into woodland on the steeper slopes and river cliffs of the Augill Beck. The woodland is dominated by ash Fraxinus excelsior, birch and rowan Sorbus aucuparia with a…

River Roe and Tributaries

…beech Fagus sylvatica and sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus. Shrubs include hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, holly Ilex aquifolium and rowan Sorbus aucuparia. The ground cover is very variable. Grasses are dominant where grazing is heavy. Where the wood is less disturbed, species include …

Clattinger Farm

…e a series of ditches, along with thick species rich hedges containing hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, dog rose Rosa canina and hazel Corylus avellana. This combination of habitats favours an associated diversity of invertebrates.

Acaster South Ings

…asites hybridus tansy Tanacetum vulgare and scattered shrubs including hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and osier Salix viminalis. Two rare leaf feeding beetles Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae; Chrysolina graminis and Aphthona nigriceps, are associated with tansy and meadow crane’s bill re…

Rushford Wood

… hazel Corylus avellana but which also includes holly Ilex aquifolium, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, crab apple Malus sylvestris and elder Sambucus nigra. The ground vegetation is characterised by the abundance of bracken Pteridium aquilinum and bramble Rubus fruticosus, and by th…

Tempo River

… pseudoplatanus is also found. The shrub understory component includes hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and holly Ilex aquifolium. The ground cover is very variable. Where the wood is less disturbed, species include wood anemone Anemone nemorosa, meadow sweet Filipendula ulmaria, les…

Chickengrove Bottom

…The scrub is species rich and dominated by hazel Corylus avellana with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, bramble Rubus fruticosus and young oak Quercus robur frequent. Dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spindle Euonymus europaeus, privet Ligustrum vulgare and whitebeam Sorbus aria also occur. …

Lough McCall

…birch Betula pubescens and willow Salix spp. dominate, with occasional hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and rowan Sorbus aucuparia. In addition to the species listed above, the area supports a number of notable plants, such as creeping forget-me-not Myosotis secunda and Bay willow Sal…

Lymington River

…so occurs within the wet woodland. These woodland trees, together with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, bramble Rubus fruticosus and holly Ilex aquifolium, are the main species forming the often densely shading vegetation growing along the lower course of t…

Afon Cleddau Gorllewinol / Western Cleddau River

…the vegetation tends to be dominated by scrub and tall herbs including hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and gorse Ulex europaeus with bramble Rubus fruticosus and common nettle Urtica dioica. Wet areas protected from grazing stock support tall vegetation inc…

Chailey Common

…with a shrub layer of hazel Corylus avellana, elder Sambucus nigra and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and a field layer dominated by bramble Rubus fruticosus. The stream, ditches and pond margins support a community which includes fool's water cress Apium nodiflorum, hemlock water d…

Wenlock Edge

…tis purpurata. Scrub communities are found mainly on old quarry sites. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, dog rose Rosa canina, birch Betula sp., spindle Euonymus europaeus and dogwood Cornus sanguinea form mixed scrub which is locally dense. In some places extensive bryophyte carpets,…

Bull Cross, The Frith and Juniper Hill

…e ash woodland at Juniper Hill has yew over a shrub layer of hazel and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and field layer dominated by bramble and dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis. There is a third small area of secondary woodland consisting mainly of silver birch Betula pendula to th…

Combe Haven

…ub and ground layers include butcher's broom Ruscus aculeatus, midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata and bird's nest orchid Neottia nidus-avis. Marsh Wood is another oak hazel ash wood but with field maple Acer campestre present above a ground flora which includes wood speedwell V…

Throope Down

…guinea and spindle Euonymus europaeus occurring amongst the widespread hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and gorse Ulex europaeus. Associated with the scrub is hound's tongue Cynoglossum officinale. Small areas of scrub are developing into secondary woodland of birch Betula pendula, as…

Cilcenni Dingle

…ocally abundant hazel Corylus avellana, field maple Acer campestre and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. Other shrub species include guelder-rose Viburnum opulus and spindle Euonymus europaeus. Bramble thickets are widespread. In addition to honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum, other c…

Troy Wood

…on the dry sandy soils with birch Betula spp., rowan Sorbus aucuparia, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and holly Ilex aquifolium. Bracken Pteridium aquilinum with wavy hair grass Deschampsia flexuosa dominates large areas of the ground flora but elsewhere a mosaic of communities is a…

Deacon Hill

…wer Pulsatilla vulgaris are county rarities. The scrub is dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, a characteristic invasive shrub of chalk downland and other species include buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana with false brome Brachypodium sylvaticu…

Kingscote and Horsley Woods

…dgrove. The understorey consists largely of hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna with beech, ash and wych elm Ulmus glabra regrowth. The ground flora contains abundant bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta, dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis, anemone Anemone nemoro…

Coed Elernion

…drier woodland has a hazel Corylus avellana understorey, although both hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and holly Ilex aquifolium are additionally present. The ground flora contains sweet vernal grass Anthoxanthum odoratum, wavy hair-grass Deschampsia flexuosa, creeping cow-wheat Mela…

Coed Nant Llolwyn

…tains hazel Corylus avellana and occasionally elder Sambucus nigra and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The ground flora includes a good range of woodland herbs, and the occurrence of such species as dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis, enchanter’s-nightshade Circaea lutetiana and fal…

Glanfedw

…Galium saxatile and is punctuated by scattered rowan Sorbus aucuparia, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and patches of western gorse Ulex gallii. Small flushes around the margins of the site support marshy grassland characterised by frequent purple moor-grass Molinia caerulea and shar…

Coed Nant-y-merddyn-uchaf

…hazel Corylus avellana is the typical understorey shrub, together with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and rowan Sorbus aucuparia, seedling regeneration being somewhat reduced by grazing in parts of the site. The ground flora varies from that typical of more acidic conditions at the …

Ditchling Common

… areas, while a more diverse scrub occurs in wetter parts and includes hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and sallow Salix cinerea. Wet woodland is dominated by sallow with pedunculate oak Quercus robur while a small area of mature, dry woodland is of oak, bee…

Pagham Harbour

…is found both in the form of hedges and as more extensive patches with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and gorse Ulex europaeus being the main constituents. The damp unimproved grassland surrounding the Harbour is used as a major wader roost and is grazed by large numbers of Brent ge…

Compton Chine to Steephill Cove

… are characterised by scrub and woodland, dominated by species such as hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, grey willow Salix cinerea ssp. cinerea, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, ash Fraxinus excelsior and pedunculate oak Quercus robur. The most extensive area…

Beck Hole

…amore Acer pseudoplatanus and alder Alnus glutinosa occurring locally. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, rowan Sorbus aucuparia and holly Ilex aquifolium are frequent associates. Bracken is locally abundant. The ground flora of the acidic woodland is dominated by bilberry Vaccinium my…

Plashett Park Wood

…willow Salix caprea, aspen Populus tremula, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and birch Betula pendula. Alder Alnus glutinosa and ash Fraxinus excelsior line the small ditches and the occasional areas of impeded drainage. Several rare species occur in Plashet…

Abram Flashes

…the transitions between them. Hedgerows and scrub comprised mainly of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, grey willow Salix cinerea and bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. and small areas of herb rich neutral grassland add to the diversity of the site and provide a…

Black Ditches, Cavenham

… sheltered by a strip of deciduous woodland. The scrub is dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna with frequent spindle Euonymus europaeus, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and blackthorn Prunus spinosa.

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