Great Hormead Park

Site of Special Scientific Interest · 51.9434, 0.0618

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Hertfordshire County

Condition (Natural England)

Unfavourable No Change (1)
UnitFeatureConditionArea (ha)Assessed
TL418292 Unfavourable No Change 15.0 2017-04-06

Description

Description great Hormead Park is an important example of ancient woodland on the boulder clays of south east England. The long history of traditional coppice with standards management here has maintained a mosaic of dominant tree species, notably wych elm Ulmus glabra and hornbeam Carpinus betulus. The richness of the ground flora is derived from this diversity of woodland stand types. Pedunculate oak Quercus robur grow above a tall coppice of hazel Corylus avellana, field maple Acer campestre and ash Fraxinus excelsior with wych elm stools locally abundant. In the northern half of the wood coppiced hornbeam forms almost pure stands. Aspen Populus tremula is present in small groves whilst silver birch Betula pendula is scattered throughout. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna is a major constituent of the sparse shrub layer together with the scarcer midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and privet Ligustrum vulgare. Dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis is dominant over much of the woodland floor, but a striking change is seen under the hornbeam's dense shade. Here are found scattered bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta and hairy wood rush Luzula pilosa amongst patches of bare leaf litter. In this area primrose Primula vulgaris is associated with oxlip P. elatior at its only known county locality. Hybridisation results in a complete range of variation from one species to the other. Damper areas support Angelica Angelica sylvestris, tufted hair grass Deschampsia cespitosa and meadowsweet Filipendula ulmaria. Both adder's tongue fern Ophioglossum vulgatum and greater butterfly orchid Platanthera chlorantha are known from restricted locations whilst found throughout the wood are herb paris Paris quadrifolia, twayblade Neottia ovata, early purple orchid Orchis mascula and goldilocks buttercup Ranunculus auricomus. Pendulous sedge Carex pendula occurs in quantity close to a pond which adds a wetland element to the diverse flora.

Species mentioned

English name
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Latin name
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IUCN / Red List Type Family
adders-tongue fern Ophioglossum vulgatum LC fern ophioglossaceae
tufted hair grass Deschampsia cespitosa LC grass poaceae
wild angelica Angelica sylvestris LC herb apiaceae
meadow sweet Filipendula ulmaria LC herb rosaceae
bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta LC herb liliaceae
dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis LC herb euphorbiaceae
common twayblade Neottia ovata NT herb orchidaceae
early purple orchid Orchis mascula LC herb orchidaceae
herb paris Paris quadrifolia VU herb melanthiaceae
greater butterfly orchid Platanthera chlorantha NT herb orchidaceae
primrose Primula vulgaris LC herb primulaceae
goldilocks buttercup Ranunculus auricomus LC herb ranunculaceae
hairy wood-rush Luzula pilosa LC rush juncaceae
pendulous sedge Carex pendula LC sedge cyperaceae
dogwood Cornus sanguinea LC shrub cornaceae
midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata LC shrub rosaceae
hawthorn Crataegus monogyna LC shrub rosaceae
wild privet Ligustrum vulgare LC shrub oleaceae
field maple Acer campestre LC tree aceraceae
birch Betula pendula LC tree betulaceae
hornbeam Carpinus betulus LC tree betulaceae
hazel Corylus avellana LC tree corylaceae
ash Fraxinus excelsior LC tree oleaceae
aspen Populus tremula LC tree salicaceae
common oak Quercus robur LC tree fagaceae
wych elm Ulmus glabra LC tree ulmaceae