Hill Hole Dingle

Site of Special Scientific Interest · 52.1828, -2.6814

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Herefordshire County

Condition (Natural England)

Unfavourable Recovering (3)
UnitFeatureConditionArea (ha)Assessed
SO534536 Unfavourable Recovering 28.47 2010-11-04
SO538545 Unfavourable Recovering 6.34 2010-11-19
SO538547 Unfavourable Recovering 3.55 2010-11-04

Geology & landscape

Rock Type: Limestone, Sandstone, Tufa

Landscape processes: Fluvial, Karst

Description

Description Hill Hole Dingle is an area of ancient natural woodland with associated grassland and scrub occupying a steep secluded section of the Humber Brook valley to the south east of Leominster. The site lies for the most part on basic soils derived from the underlying limestones of the Old Red Sandstone Series. The upper slopes however are acidic in nature as are a few other localised areas whilst the valley bottom contains extensive alluvial deposits. Hill Hole Dingle has been selected as an example of a rich, mixed deciduous woodland of a type which is characteristic of this part of the Welsh Borderlands. It is dominated by ash Fraxinus excelsior, which together with wych elm Ulmus glabra, pedunculate oak Quercus robur and silver birch Betula pendula form the main canopy species. The shrub layer includes hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, wild privet Ligustrumvulgare, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, spindle Euonymus europaeus holly Ilex aquifolium, yew Taxus baccata and several other lime loving species. The ground flora contains many locally uncommon species including broad leaved helleborine Epipactis helleborine, early purple orchid Orchis mascula and wild daffodil Narcissus pseudonarcissus. On the alluvial soils of the valley bottoms, alder Alnus glutinosa is common, associated with goat willow Salix caprea and guelder rose Viburnum lantana. In the wet areas bordering the Humber brook, the vegetation includes uncommon species such as small teasel Dipsacus pilosus and the alternate leaved golden saxifrage Chrysosplenium alternifolium. In one of the steepest parts of the dingle, considerable deposits of tufa, or petrified limestone, occur. These support a rich variety of mosses with 32 species having been recorded. Ferns include the soft fern Polystichum setiferum. The Brook itself, being heavily shaded for most of its length, has an impoverished flora, but at its northern end, where it becomes more open, the banks and surrounding grassland are noted for the large colony of the uncommon green hellebore Helleborus viridis. Native polecat Mustela putorius has been recorded on the site.

Species mentioned

English name
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Latin name
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IUCN / Red List Type Family
polecat Mustela putorius LC carnivore mustelidae
soft shield-fern Polystichum setiferum LC fern dryopteridaceae
alternate leaved golden saxifrage Chrysosplenium alternifolium LC herb saxifragaceae
small teasel Dipsacus pilosus LC herb dipsacaceae
broad-leaved helleborine Epipactis helleborine DD herb orchidaceae
green hellebore Helleborus viridis LC herb ranunculaceae
wild daffodil Narcissus pseudonarcissus LC herb amaryllidaceae
early purple orchid Orchis mascula LC herb orchidaceae
hawthorn Crataegus monogyna LC shrub rosaceae
spindle tree Euonymus europaeus LC shrub celastraceae
blackthorn Prunus spinosa LC shrub rosaceae
wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana LC shrub caprifoliaceae
alder Alnus glutinosa LC tree salicaceae
birch Betula pendula LC tree betulaceae
hazel Corylus avellana LC tree corylaceae
ash Fraxinus excelsior LC tree oleaceae
holly Ilex aquifolium LC tree aquifoliaceae
common oak Quercus robur LC tree fagaceae
yew Taxus baccata LC tree taxaceae
wych elm Ulmus glabra LC tree ulmaceae
goat willow Salix caprea LC tree shrub salicaceae

Plant communities

W20 — Montane scrub

Salix lapponum-Luzula sylvatica scrub

Salix arbuscula, Salix cinerea, Salix lapponum, Salix myrsinites, Salix phylicifolia, Salix reticulata, Empetrum nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Salix lanata, Vaccinium myrtillus, Vaccinium uliginosum, Carex atrata, Carex bigelowii, Carex binervis, Carex flacca, Luzula multiflora, Luzula sylvatica, Huperzia selago, Selaginella selaginoides, Aulacomnium palustre, Mnium hornum, Philonotis fontana, Plagiomnium undulatum, Rhizomnium punctatum, Dicranum bonjeanii, Dicranum majus, Dicranum scoparium, Fissidens adianthoides, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Ctenidium molluscum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum callichroum, Hypnum cupressiforme, Palustriella commutatum, Plagiothecium denticulatum, Plagiothecium undulatum, Pleurozium schreberi, Ptilium crista-castrensis, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Sanionia uncinata, Scorpidium revolvens, Thuidium tamariscinum, Atrichum undulatum, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Sphagnum capillifolium, Sphagnum fallax, Sphagnum girgensohnii, Sphagnum palustre, Sphagnum russowii, Sphagnum squarrosum, Sphagnum subnitens, Sphagnum teres, Barbilophozia barbata, Chiloscyphus polyanthos, Diplophyllum albicans, Lophocolea bidentata, Plagiochila porelloides, Ptilidium ciliare, Scapania undulata, Cladonia squamosa, Peltigera canina, Angelica sylvestris, Caltha palustris, Hieraclium spp., Saussurea alpina, Solidago virgaurea, Campanula rotundifolia, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana officinalis, Rhodiola rosea, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Thymus praecox, Epilobium anagallidifolium, Dactylorhiza viridis, Euphrasia officinalis, Rhinanthus minor, Oxalis acetosella, Oxyria digyna, Polygonum viviparum, Rumex acetosa, Anemone nemorosa, Ranunculus acris, Thalictrum alpinum, Alchemilla alpina, Alchemilla glabra, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum rivale, Galium boreale, Galium saxatile, Saxifraga aizoides, Saxifraga hypnoides, Saxifraga oppositifolia, Saxifraga stellaris, Viola riviniana, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Nardus stricta, Dryopteris dilatata, Phegopteris connectilis

W21 — Hedgerow scrub, Mixed scrub

Crataegus monogyna-Hedera helix scrub

Hedera helix, Salix cinerea, Acer pseudoplatanus, Ilex aquifolium, Betula pendula, Corylus avellana, Fagus sylvatica, Quercus robur, Fraxinus excelsior, Malus sylvestris, Sorbus aria, Taxus baccata, Ulmus glabra, Ulmus procera, Sambucus nigra, Viburnum lantana, Euonymus europaeus, Cornus sanguinea, Juniperus communis, Ligustrum vulgare, Clematis vitalba, Rhamnus cathartica, Crataegus laevigata, Crataegus monogyna, Prunus spinosa, Juncus effusus, Plagiomnium undulatum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Kindbergia praelonga, Rhynchostegium confertum, Tamus communis, Heracleum sphondylium, Torilis japonica, Arum maculatum, Arctium minus, Cirsium arvense, Lonicera periclymenum, Moehringia trinervia, Silene dioica, Stellaria graminea, Stellaria holostea, Stellaria media agg., Calystegia sepium, Mercurialis perennis, Geranium robertianum, Iris foetidissima, Glechoma hederacea, Lamium purpureum, Origanum vulgare, Stachys sylvatica, Teucrium scorodonia, Allium ursinum, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Circaea lutetiana, Rumex sanguineus, Anemone nemorosa, Ranunculus repens, Fragaria vesca, Geum urbanum, Potentilla sterilis, Poterium sanguisorba, Rosa arvensis, Rosa canina, Rubia peregrina, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium aparine, Urtica dioica, Viola riviniana, Anisantha sterilis, Arrhenatherum elatius, Brachypodium pinnatum, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Bromopsis erecta, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia repens, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Poa trivialis, Asplenium scolopendrium, Pteridium aquilinum, Dryopteris filix-mas

W22 — Hedgerow scrub, Mixed scrub

Prunus spinosa-Rubus fruticosus scrub

Hedera helix, Acer campestre, Corylus avellana, Ulex europaeus, Prunus spinosa, Plagiomnium undulatum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Eurhynchium striatum, Kindbergia praelonga, Thuidium tamariscinum, Atrichum undulatum, Lophocolea bidentata, Achillea millefolium, Cardamine flexuosa, Lonicera periclymenum, Moehringia trinervia, Silene dioica, Silene uniflora, Stellaria media agg., Mercurialis perennis, Geranium robertianum, Stachys sylvatica, Teucrium scorodonia, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Oxalis acetosella, Digitalis purpurea, Plantago lanceolata, Veronica chamaedrys, Armeria maritima, Rumex acetosa, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum urbanum, Rosa canina, Rubus fruticosus agg., Rubus idaeus, Galium aparine, Urtica dioica, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Poa trivialis, Asplenium scolopendrium, Pteridium aquilinum, Dryopteris borreri, Dryopteris filix-mas