Benfleet and Southend Marshes

Site of Special Scientific Interest · 51.5096, 0.7788

Condition (Natural England)

Unfavourable Recovering (9) Unfavourable No Change (3) Favourable (1)
UnitFeatureConditionArea (ha)Assessed
TQ793857 Unfavourable Recovering 50.7 2015-07-16
TQ793859 Unfavourable Recovering 74.05 2015-07-16
TQ798855 Unfavourable Recovering 50.7 2015-07-16
TQ813847 Unfavourable Recovering 193.71 2013-03-25
TQ818842 Unfavourable No Change 141.91 2013-03-25
TQ826835 Unfavourable No Change 141.91 2013-03-25
TQ827852 Favourable 20.76 2013-03-03
TQ829850 Unfavourable No Change 41.71 2013-03-25
TQ829854 Unfavourable Recovering 19.14 2013-03-25
TQ836848 Unfavourable Recovering 201.23 2013-03-25
TQ842835 Unfavourable Recovering 437.14 2013-03-25
TQ890841 Unfavourable Recovering 1193.33 2013-03-25
TQ929826 Unfavourable Recovering 1193.33 2013-03-25

Climate exposure

This is about exposure to a nationwide pressure this habitat type carries — not a verdict on this site's own management.

Coastal

Coastal habitats are exposed to sea-level rise and storm erosion. Where hard sea defences sit behind them, there's nowhere landward to retreat to — a squeeze that keeps compressing the habitat no matter how well it's managed.

Geology & landscape

Rock Type: Alluvium

Landscape processes: Coastal, Fluvial, Volcanic / Igneous

Birds & fish recorded

Birds

SpeciesSeason
Brent goose Roosting
Brent goose Wintering
bar-tailed godwit Roosting
bar-tailed godwit Wintering
dunlin Roosting
dunlin Wintering
grey plover Roosting
grey plover Wintering
knot Roosting
knot Wintering
oystercatcher Roosting
oystercatcher Wintering
redshank Roosting
redshank Wintering
ringed plover Roosting
ringed plover Wintering

Fish

SpeciesSeason
European eel Unknown

Description

Description Benfleet and Southend Marshes comprise an extensive series of saltmarshes, mud flats, scrub and grassland which support a diverse flora and fauna. The south facing slopes of the downs, composed of London Clay capped by sand, represent the line of former river cliffs with several re entrant valleys. At their foot lies reclaimed marshland, with its associated dyke system, based on alluvium. Outside the sea walls there are extensive saltmarshes and mud flats, on which wintering wildfowl and waders reach both nationally and internationally important numbers. Nationally uncommon plants occur in all of the habitats and parts of the area are of outstanding importance for scarce invertebrates. The grassland of the downs is dominated by a mixture of red fescue Festuca rubra, cock's foot Dactylis glomerata, false oat grass Arrhenatherum elatius and bent grasses Agrostis spp. which is typical of neutral to acidic conditions. Scrub species include hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, rose Rosa spp. and bramble Rubus fruticosus. The uncommon Bithynian vetch Vicia bithynica occurs here, together with hartwort Tordylium maximum, at its only British station, hairy vetchling Lathyrus hirsutus and slender tare Vicia tenuifolia. Deptford pink Dianthus armeria was also recorded from these slopes until recent years. The reclaimed marsh is grazed by cattle and horses. It is dominated by grasses such as meadow foxtail Alopecurus pratensis and perennial rye grass Lolium perenne and sea clover Trifolium squamosum, strawberry clover T. fragiferum and hairy buttercup Ranunculus sardous are also present. The ponds and dykes exhibit a transition between fresh and brackish water and support a wide range of plant and animal species. The dykes are dominated by sea club rush Bolboschoenus maritimus, sweet grasses Glyceria spp., duckweeds Lemna spp., mare's tail Hippuris vulgaris and hornworts Ceratophyllum demersum and the uncommon C. submersum. Other uncommon species include beaked tasselweed Ruppia maritima and brackish water crowfoot Ranunculus baudotii. The great crested newt and scarce emerald damselfly Lestes dryas are also present. This combination of scrub, grassland and open water with vegetated margins provides a habitat for many scarce and notable insects, such as the white-letter hairstreak Satyrium w-album and marbled white Melanargia galatheaa butterflies, the latter occurring in Essex only along the Thames. Other local species include the picture winged fly Myopites inulaedyssentericae, great green bush cricket Tettigonia viridissima and rose plume moth Cnaemidophorus rhododactyla. Ant hills are frequent in the grazing marsh. Additional interest is provided by the diverse breeding bird community, including yellow wagtails. The sea wall is dominated by sea couch Elytrigia atherica; uncommon species also present include sea barley Hordeum marinum, slender hare's ear Bupleurum tenuissimum and seaside red goosefoot Chenopodium botryodes. The saltmarsh has a high marsh flora of sea purslane Atriplex portulacoides and common sea lavender Limonium vulgare, together with sea arrowgrass Triglochin maritimum, common saltmarsh grass Puccinellia maritima, sea aster Aster tripolium and the scarce laxflowered sea lavender Limonium humile. The lower areas and creek edges are noted for their diversity of glassworts Salicornia spp., including perennial glasswort S. perennis. Golden samphire Inula crithmoides occurs on the highest parts of the marsh, beneath the sea walls, whilst small cord grass Spartina maritima is found on the lowest areas. The mud flats are colonised by eel grasses Zostera marina and Zostera noltei which, together with dense patches of Enteromorpha and the rich invertebrate fauna within the mud, provide food for thousands of birds which overwinter on this shoreline. Three species, dark bellied brent goose, grey plover and knot occur in internationally important numbers whilst three species, dunlin, redshank and ringed plover, are present at nationally important levels. They feed along the entire length of the flats, including Chapman Sands; the major high tide roosts are found on the saltmarsh at Two Tree Island and Canvey Point. A survey of Southend Flat during the winter of 1985 to 86 suggests that, in addition to nationally important populations of the species already mentioned, this area alone supports nationally important numbers of bar-tailed godwit and oystercatcher, whilst redshank reach levels of international importance.

Species mentioned

English name
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Latin name
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IUCN / Red List Type Family
dunlin Calidris alpina EN (NonBreeding) bird-wader scolopacidae
knot Calidris canutus LC (NonBreeding) bird-wader scolopacidae
ringed plover Charadrius hiaticula VU (NonBreeding) bird-wader charadriidae
oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus LC (Breeding) bird-wader haematopodidae
bar-tailed godwit Limosa lapponica LC (NonBreeding) bird-wader scolopacidae
grey plover Pluvialis squatarola VU (NonBreeding) bird-wader charadriidae
redshank Tringa totanus EN (NonBreeding) bird-wader scolopacidae
great green bush-cricket Tettigonia viridissima LC bush cricket tettigoniidae
white-letter hairstreak Satyrium w-album VU butterfly lycaenidae
scarce emerald damselfly Lestes dryas NT damselflies lestidae
fly Myopites inulaedyssentericae Not listed in GB list fly tephritidae
meadow foxtail Alopecurus pratensis LC grass poaceae
false oat grass Arrhenatherum elatius LC grass poaceae
cock's foot Dactylis glomerata LC grass poaceae
sea couch Elytrigia atherica Not listed in GB list grass poaceae
red fescue Festuca rubra LC grass poaceae
sea barley Hordeum marinum VU grass poaceae
perennial rye-grass Lolium perenne LC grass poaceae
saltmarsh grass Puccinellia maritima LC grass poaceae
small cord grass Spartina maritima NT grass poaceae
sea aster Aster tripolium Not listed in GB list herb asteraceae
slender hare's ear Bupleurum tenuissimum LC herb apiaceae
hornwort Ceratophyllum demersum LC herb ceratophyllaceae
small goose foot Chenopodium botryodes Not listed in GB list herb chenopodiaceae
Deptford pink Dianthus armeria LC herb carophyllaceae
mare's tail Hippuris vulgaris LC herb plantaginaceae
golden samphire Inula crithmoides Not listed in GB list herb asteraceae
hairy vetchling Lathyrus hirsutus NT herb fabacae
lax flowered sea lavender Limonium humile LC herb plumbaginaceae
common sea lavender Limonium vulgare NT herb plumbaginaceae
brackish water buttercup Ranunculus baudotii LC herb ranunculaceae
hairy buttercup Ranunculus sardous LC herb ranunculaceae
bramble Rubus fruticosus LC herb rosaceae
beaked tassel-weeds Ruppia maritima LC herb ruppiaceae
hartwort Tordylium maximum Not listed in GB list herb apiaceae
sea clover Trifolium squamosum VU herb fabaceae
sea arrrowgrass Triglochin maritimum Not listed in GB list herb juncaginaceae
Bithynian vetch Vicia bithynica LC herb fabaceae
fine leaved vetch Vicia tenuifolia Not listed in GB list herb fabaceae
eelgrass Zostera marina VU herb zosteraceae
dwarf eelgrass Zostera noltei VU herb zosteraceae
no common name Cnaemidophorus rhododactyla Not listed in GB list moth pterophoridae
sea club rush Bolboschoenus maritimus LC sedge cyperaceae
hawthorn Crataegus monogyna LC shrub rosaceae
blackthorn Prunus spinosa LC shrub rosaceae
sea purslane Atriplex portulacoides LC shrub dwarf chenopodiaceae

Plant communities

A9 — Fast flowing river and stream, Marginal and inundation, Pond ditch and canal, Sluggish river and stream

Potamogeton natans community

Schoenoplectus lacustris, Juncus bulbosus, Sparganium angustifolium, Sparganium erectum, Sparganium minimum, Alisma plantago-aquatica, Lobelia dortmanna, Equisetum fluviatile, Myriophyllum alterniflorum, Elodea canadensis, Lemna minor, Lemna trisulca, Nymphaea alba, Callitriche platycarpa, Callitriche stagnalis, Littorella uniflora, Potamogeton natans, Ranunculus trichophyllus, Glyceria fluitans, Chara subspinosa

A14 — Fast flowing river and stream

Myriophyllum alterniflorum community

Isolepis fluitans, Juncus bulbosus, Fontinalis antipyretica, Lobelia dortmanna, Equisetum fluviatile, Myriophyllum alterniflorum, Lemna minor, Callitriche stagnalis, Littorella uniflora, Potamogeton filiformis, Potamogeton gramineus, Potamogeton natans, Ranunculus peltatus, Chara spp., Nitella hyalina

A17 — Chalk river and stream, Fast flowing river and stream

Ranunculus penicillatus ssp. pseudofluitans community

Berula erecta, Nasturtium officinale, Elodea canadensis, Lemna minor, Callitriche stagnalis, Veronica beccabunga, Polygonum amphibium, Polygonum hydropiper, Potamogeton crispus, Potamogeton pectinatus, Ranunculus penicillatus ssp. pseudofluitans

A18 — Fast flowing river and stream

Ranunculus fluitans community

Fontinalis antipyretica, Fontinalis squamosa var. curnowii, Myriophyllum alterniflorum, Myriophyllum spicatum, Elodea canadensis, Mentha aquatica, Lemna gibba, Lemna minor, Potamogeton perfoliatus, Ranunculus fluitans, Glyceria fluitans, Phalaris arundinacea

M9 — Lowland fen, Upland spring flush

Carex rostrata-Calliergon cuspidatum/giganteum mire

Salix cinerea, Salix repens, Betula pubescens, Carex appropinquata, Carex demissa, Carex diandra, Carex dioica, Carex echinata, Carex flacca, Carex hostiana, Carex lasiocarpa, Carex lepidocarpa, Carex limosa, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex paniculata, Carex rostrata, Carex serotina, Cladium mariscus, Eriophorum angustifolium, Schoenus nigricans, Eleocharis quinqueflora, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus bulbosus, Juncus subnodulosus, Aulacomnium palustre, Bryum pseudotriquetrum, Plagiomnium affine, Plagiomnium elatum, Plagiomnium rostratum, Plagiomnium undulatum, Rhizomnium pseudopunctatum, Calliergon cordifolium, Calliergon giganteum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Climacium dendroides, Cratoneuron filicinum, Ctenidium molluscum, Hylocomium splendens, Palustriella commutatum, Scorpidium revolvens, Scorpidium scorpioides, Sphagnum contortum, Sphagnum fallax, Sphagnum inundatum, Sphagnum subnitens, Sphagnum warnstorfii, Aneura pinguis, Angelica sylvestris, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Caltha palustris, Cirsium palustre, Crepis paludosa, Eupatorium cannabinum, Cardamine pratensis, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana dioica, Valeriana officinalis, Silene flos-cuculi, Parnassia palustris, Drosera rotundifolia, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Pyrola rotundifolia, Lotus pedunculatus, Vicia cracca, Triglochin palustre, Mentha aquatica, Pinguicula vulgaris, Utricularia spp., Lythrum salicaria, Menyanthes trifoliata, Narthecium ossifragum, Epilobium palustre, Dactylorhiza fuchsii, Dactylorhiza incarnata, Dactylorhiza purpurella, Pedicularis palustris, Potamogeton polygonifolius, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus flammula, Ranunculus lingua, Comarum palustre, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum rivale, Potentilla erecta, Galium palustre, Galium uliginosum, Scutellaria galericulata, Viola palustris, Agrostis stolonifera, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Phragmites australis

M13 — Lowland fen

Schoenus nigricans-Juncus subnodulosus mire

Calluna vulgaris, Erica tetralix, Myrica gale, Carex diandra, Carex dioica, Carex elata, Carex flacca, Carex hostiana, Carex lepidocarpa, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex pulicaris, Carex rostrata, Cladium mariscus, Eriophorum angustifolium, Eriophorum latifolium, Isolepis setacea, Schoenus nigricans, Eleocharis quinqueflora, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus subnodulosus, Luzula multiflora, Selaginella selaginoides, Aulacomnium palustre, Bryum pseudotriquetrum, Philonotis calcarea, Plagiomnium elatum, Plagiomnium rostratum, Rhizomnium punctatum, Fissidens adianthoides, Brachythecium rutabulum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Cratoneuron filicinum, Ctenidium molluscum, Palustriella commutatum, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Scorpidium revolvens, Sphagnum subnitens, Lophocolea bidentata, Aneura pinguis, Pellia endiviifolia, Riccardia chamedryfolia, Riccardia multifida, Angelica sylvestris, Oenanthe lachenalii, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Caltha palustris, Centaurea nigra, Cirsium dissectum, Cirsium palustre, Eupatorium cannabinum, Leontodon saxatilis, Serratula tinctoria, Taraxacum officianalis, Cardamine pratensis, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana dioica, Valeriana officinalis, Silene flos-cuculi, Parnassia palustris, Drosera rotundifolia, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus pedunculatus, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Hypericum pulchrum, Hypericum tetrapterum, Triglochin palustre, Mentha aquatica, Pinguicula vulgaris, Utricularia spp., Linum catharticum, Lythrum salicaria, Menyanthes trifoliata, Epilobium palustre, Dactylorhiza fuchsii, Dactylorhiza incarnata, Dactylorhiza praetermissa, Dactylorhiza purpurella, Dactylorhiza traunsteinerioides, Epipactis palustris, Gymnadenia conopsea, Ophrys insectifera, Euphrasia officinalis, Pedicularis palustris, Plantago maritima, Polygala vulgaris, Potamogeton coloratus, Anagallis tenella, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus flammula, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla erecta, Galium palustre, Galium uliginosum, Agrostis canina, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Briza media, Danthonia decumbens, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Phragmites australis

M22 — Coastal floodplain grazing marsh, Lowland fen, Purple moor grass and rush pasture

Juncus subnodulosus-Cirsium palustre fen-meadow

Salix cinerea, Solanum dulcamara, Carex acutiformis, Carex disticha, Carex elata, Carex flacca, Carex hirta, Carex lepidocarpa, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex rostrata, Cladium mariscus, Eriophorum angustifolium, Eleocharis palustris, Eleocharis uniglumis, Juncus articulatus, Juncus effusus, Juncus inflexus, Juncus subnodulosus, Luzula multiflora, Plagiomnium affine, Plagiomnium rostratum, Plagiomnium undulatum, Rhizomnium punctatum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Cratoneuron filicinum, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Lophocolea bidentata, Angelica sylvestris, Berula erecta, Oenanthe lachenalii, Thyselium palustre, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Achillea ptarmica, Caltha palustris, Centaurea nigra, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium dissectum, Cirsium palustre, Eupatorium cannabinum, Pulicaria dysenterica, Myosotis laxa, Myosotis scorpioides, Cardamine pratensis, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana dioica, Valeriana officinalis, Cerastium fontanum, Silene flos-cuculi, Stellaria palustris, Calystegia sepium, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus pedunculatus, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Hypericum tetrapterum, Iris pseudacorus, Triglochin palustre, Ajuga reptans, Lycopus europaeus, Mentha aquatica, Lemna minor, Lythrum salicaria, Menyanthes trifoliata, Epilobium hirsutum, Epilobium palustre, Epilobium parviflorum, Dactylorhiza fuchsii, Dactylorhiza incarnata, Dactylorhiza praetermissa, Epipactis palustris, Pedicularis palustris, Rhinanthus minor, Plantago lanceolata, Veronica beccabunga, Polygonum amphibium, Rumex acetosa, Rumex conglomeratus, Rumex sanguineus, Lysimachia vulgaris, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus flammula, Ranunculus repens, Thalictrum flavum, Comarum palustre, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla anserina, Potentilla erecta, Potentilla reptans, Galium palustre, Galium uliginosum, Scrophularia auriculata, Scutellaria galericulata, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Briza media, Calamagrostis canescens, Cynosurus cristatus, Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Phalaris arundinacea, Phleum pratense, Phragmites australis, Poa trivialis, Schedonorus arundinaceus, Ophioglossum vulgatum, Thelypteris palustris

M23 — Coastal floodplain grazing marsh, Purple moor grass and rush pasture, Upland rush pasture

Juncus effusus/acutiflorus-Galium palustre rush-pasture

Carex demissa, Carex echinata, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus bulbosus, Juncus conglomeratus, Juncus effusus, Luzula campestris, Luzula multiflora, Aulacomnium palustre, Brachythecium rivulare, Brachythecium rutabulum, Calliergon cordifolium, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Kindbergia praelonga, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Polytrichum commune, Calypogeia fissa, Lophocolea bidentata, Pellia epiphylla, Angelica sylvestris, Carum verticillatum, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Achillea ptarmica, Caltha palustris, Cirsium palustre, Senecio aquaticus, Taraxacum officianalis, Myosotis laxa, Myosotis secunda, Cardamine flexuosa, Cardamine pratensis, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana officinalis, Cerastium fontanum, Silene flos-cuculi, Stellaria alsine, Stellaria graminea, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus pedunculatus, Trifolium repens, Iris pseudacorus, Mentha aquatica, Scutellaria minor, Lythrum salicaria, Narthecium ossifragum, Epilobium obscurum, Epilobium palustre, Dactylorhiza maculata, Plantago lanceolata, Veronica scutellata, Polygonum hydropiper, Rumex acetosa, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus flammula, Ranunculus repens, Comarum palustre, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla anserina, Potentilla erecta, Galium palustre, Viola palustris, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Cynosurus cristatus, Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca rubra, Glyceria fluitans, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Poa pratensis, Poa trivialis, Dryopteris expansa, Athyrium filix-femina

M24 — Coastal floodplain grazing marsh, Lowland fen, Purple moor grass and rush pasture

Molinia caerulea-Cirsium dissectum fen-meadow

Salix cinerea, Salix repens, Alnus glutinosa, Calluna vulgaris, Erica tetralix, Carex hostiana, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex pulicaris, Cladium mariscus, Eriophorum angustifolium, Schoenus nigricans, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus conglomeratus, Juncus effusus, Juncus subnodulosus, Luzula multiflora, Aulacomnium palustre, Brachythecium rutabulum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Hypnum cupressiforme, Kindbergia praelonga, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Thuidium tamariscinum, Sphagnum auriculatum, Sphagnum subnitens, Angelica sylvestris, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Achillea ptarmica, Centaurea nigra, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium dissectum, Cirsium palustre, Eupatorium cannabinum, Leontodon saxatilis, Pulicaria dysenterica, Senecio aquaticus, Serratula tinctoria, Cardamine pratensis, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana dioica, Cerastium fontanum, Silene flos-cuculi, Drosera rotundifolia, Equisetum palustre, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus pedunculatus, Trifolium pratense, Vicia cracca, Hypericum tetrapterum, Hypericum undulatum, Mentha aquatica, Scutellaria minor, Linum catharticum, Lythrum salicaria, Narthecium ossifragum, Dactylorhiza fuchsii, Dactylorhiza incarnata, Dactylorhiza maculata, Epipactis palustris, Gymnadenia conopsea, Pedicularis sylvatica, Plantago lanceolata, Polygala vulgaris, Rumex acetosa, Anagallis tenella, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus flammula, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla anserina, Potentilla erecta, Potentilla reptans, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium palustre, Galium uliginosum, Galium verum, Viola palustris, Agrostis canina, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Briza media, Danthonia decumbens, Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Phragmites australis

M25 — Blanket bog, Coastal floodplain grazing marsh, Lowland fen, Purple moor grass and rush pasture, Upland acid grassland

Molinia caerulea-Potentilla erecta mire

Salix cinerea, Calluna vulgaris, Erica tetralix, Myrica gale, Vaccinium oxycoccos, Ulex europaeus, Ulex gallii, Carex echinata, Carex flacca, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Eriophorum angustifolium, Schoenus nigricans, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus effusus, Juncus subnodulosus, Luzula campestris, Luzula multiflora, Aulacomnium palustre, Pohlia nutans, Calliergon giganteum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Hypnum jutlandicum, Kindbergia praelonga, Pleurozium schreberi, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Polytrichum commune, Sphagnum auriculatum, Sphagnum capillifolium, Sphagnum fallax, Sphagnum palustre, Sphagnum papillosum, Sphagnum subnitens, Calypogeia fissa, Cephalozia bicuspidata, Lophocolea bidentata, Lophozia ventricosa, Angelica sylvestris, Carum verticillatum, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Achillea ptarmica, Centaurea nigra, Cirsium palustre, Eupatorium cannabinum, Pulicaria dysenterica, Serratula tinctoria, Cardamine pratensis, Lobelia urens, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana officinalis, Equisetum palustre, Lotus pedunculatus, Hypericum pulchrum, Hypericum tetrapterum, Mentha aquatica, Scutellaria minor, Menyanthes trifoliata, Narthecium ossifragum, Epilobium palustre, Dactylorhiza maculata, Rumex acetosa, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus flammula, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla erecta, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium palustre, Viola palustris, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis curtisii, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Danthonia decumbens, Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta, Phragmites australis, Dryopteris carthusiana, Osmunda regalis

M27 — Limestone pavement, Lowland fen, Upland spring flush

Filipendula ulmaria-Angelica sylvestris mire

Carex acutiformis, Carex appropinquata, Carex disticha, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex paniculata, Carex rostrata, Carex vesicaria, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus conglomeratus, Juncus effusus, Juncus inflexus, Juncus subnodulosus, Sparganium erectum, Plagiomnium elatum, Plagiomnium undulatum, Rhizomnium punctatum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Calliergon cordifolium, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Kindbergia praelonga, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Thuidium tamariscinum, Chiloscyphus pallescens, Lophocolea bidentata, Angelica sylvestris, Heracleum sphondylium, Oenanthe crocata, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Achillea ptarmica, Caltha palustris, Centaurea nigra, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium heterophyllum, Cirsium palustre, Crepis paludosa, Eupatorium cannabinum, Pulicaria dysenterica, Senecio aquaticus, Myosotis scorpioides, Cardamine flexuosa, Cardamine pratensis, Cochlearia pyrenaica, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana officinalis, Silene flos-cuculi, Stellaria alsine, Stellaria graminea, Calystegia sepium, Equisetum arvense, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus pedunculatus, Vicia cracca, Iris pseudacorus, Ajuga reptans, Mentha aquatica, Lythrum salicaria, Epilobium hirsutum, Epilobium obscurum, Epilobium palustre, Polygonum amphibium, Polygonum hydropiper, Rumex acetosa, Rumex crispus, Rumex sanguineus, Lysimachia vulgaris, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus flammula, Ranunculus repens, Thalictrum flavum, Trollius europaeus, Alchemilla glabra, Comarum palustre, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum rivale, Potentilla anserina, Potentilla reptans, Rubus fruticosus agg., Sanguisorba officinalis, Galium aparine, Galium palustre, Galium uliginosum, Urtica dioica, Viola palustris, Agrostis canina, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Glyceria maxima, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Phalaris arundinacea, Phleum pratense, Phragmites australis, Poa pratensis, Poa trivialis, Pteridium aquilinum

M28 — Lowland fen

Iris pseudacorus-Filipendula ulmaria mire

Bolboschoenus maritimus, Carex otrubae, Eleocharis palustris, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus effusus, Juncus inflexus, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Kindbergia praelonga, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Lophocolea bidentata, Angelica sylvestris, Oenanthe crocata, Oenanthe lachenalii, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Caltha palustris, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium palustre, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Myosotis laxa, Cardamine pratensis, Valeriana officinalis, Silene flos-cuculi, Stellaria alsine, Stellaria media agg., Atriplex prostrata, Equisetum palustre, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus pedunculatus, Vicia cracca, Geranium robertianum, Iris pseudacorus, Triglochin maritimum, Galeopsis tetrahit, Lycopus europaeus, Mentha aquatica, Stachys palustris, Lythrum salicaria, Montia fontana, Epilobium palustre, Plantago lanceolata, Polygonum hydropiper, Rumex acetosa, Rumex conglomeratus, Rumex crispus, Glaux maritima, Samolus valerandi, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus repens, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla anserina, Galium aparine, Galium palustre, Galium uliginosum, Scutellaria galericulata, Urtica dioica, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Dactylis glomerata, Deschampsia cespitosa, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Phragmites australis, Poa pratensis, Poa trivialis, Schedonorus arundinaceus, Dryopteris expansa

MG4 — Coastal floodplain grazing marsh, Lowland meadow and pasture

Alopecurus pratensis-Sanguisorba officinalis grassland

Carex acutiformis, Carex hirta, Carex panicea, Juncus articulatus, Juncus inflexus, Luzula campestris, Plagiomnium elatum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Kindbergia praelonga, Heracleum sphondylium, Achillea millefolium, Bellis perennis, Caltha palustris, Centaurea nigra, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium palustre, Hypochaeris radicata, Leontodon hispidus, Leucanthemum vulgare, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Serratula tinctoria, Taraxacum officianalis, Cardamine pratensis, Succisa pratensis, Cerastium fontanum, Equisetum arvense, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium dubium, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Vicia sepium, Fritillaria meleagris, Rhinanthus minor, Plantago lanceolata, Veronica serpyllifolia, Rumex acetosa, Primula veris, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus bulbosus, Ranunculus repens, Thalictrum flavum, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla anglica, Sanguisorba officinalis, Galium verum, Silaum silaus, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus pratensis, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Briza media, Bromopsis erecta, Bromus hordeaceous, Cynosurus cristatus, Dactylis glomerata, Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Lolium perenne, Phleum pratense, Poa pratensis, Poa trivialis, Schedonorus arundinaceus, Schedonorus pratensis, Trisetum flavescens, Chara curta

MG6 — Coastal floodplain grazing marsh, Traditional orchard

Lolium perenne-Cynosurus cristatus grassland

Juncus effusus, Luzula campestris, Brachythecium rutabulum, Kindbergia praelonga, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Pimpinella saxifraga, Achillea millefolium, Bellis perennis, Centaurea nigra, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium vulgare, Hypochaeris radicata, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Taraxacum officianalis, Cardamine pratensis, Cerastium fontanum, Lathyrus pratensis, Medicago lupulina, Trifolium dubium, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Iris pseudacorus, Rhinanthus minor, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago major, Veronica chamaedrys, Rumex acetosa, Rumex obtusifolius, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus repens, Potentilla anserina, Potentilla reptans, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus geniculatus, Alopecurus pratensis, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Bromus hordeaceous, Cynosurus cristatus, Dactylis glomerata, Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Lolium perenne, Phleum pratense, Poa annua, Poa pratensis, Poa trivialis, Schedonorus pratensis, Trisetum flavescens

MG7 — Coastal floodplain grazing marsh, Mesotrophic grassland

Lolium perenne leys and related grasslands Lolium perenne-Alopecurus pratensis grassland

Juncus inflexus, Brachythecium rutabulum, Kindbergia praelonga, Achillea millefolium, Bellis perennis, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium vulgare, Hypochaeris radicata, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Taraxacum officianalis, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Cardamine pratensis, Cerastium fontanum, Cerastium glomeratum, Stellaria media agg., Lathyrus pratensis, Trifolium dubium, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Vicia sativa, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago major, Rumex acetosa, Rumex conglomeratus, Rumex crispus, Rumex obtusifolius, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus bulbosus, Ranunculus repens, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus pratensis, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Bromus hordeaceous, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Lolium multiflorum, Lolium perenne, Phleum pratense, Poa annua, Poa pratensis, Poa trivialis, Schedonorus pratensis

MG8 — Coastal floodplain grazing marsh, Lowland meadow and pasture

Cynosurus cristatus-Caltha palustris grassland

Carex demissa, Carex distans, Carex flacca, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Eleocharis palustris, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus effusus, Luzula campestris, Plagiomnium rostratum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Kindbergia praelonga, Angelica sylvestris, Achillea ptarmica, Bellis perennis, Caltha palustris, Centaurea nigra, Cirsium palustre, Crepis paludosa, Leontodon hispidus, Leucanthemum vulgare, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Senecio aquaticus, Taraxacum officianalis, Myosotis scorpioides, Cardamine pratensis, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana dioica, Cerastium fontanum, Silene flos-cuculi, Equisetum arvense, Equisetum palustre, Lotus corniculatus, Lotus pedunculatus, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Mentha aquatica, Euphrasia nemorosa, Rhinanthus minor, Plantago lanceolata, Veronica chamaedrys, Rumex acetosa, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus repens, Trollius europaeus, Alchemilla glabra, Alchemilla xanthochlora, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum rivale, Sanguisorba officinalis, Galium palustre, Galium uliginosum, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Avenula pubescens, Briza media, Bromus hordeaceous, Cynosurus cristatus, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca rubra, Glyceria declinata, Holcus lanatus, Lolium perenne, Poa trivialis, Schedonorus pratensis, Dryopteris expansa

MG9 — Brownfield, Coastal floodplain grazing marsh, Mesotrophic grassland

Holcus lanatus-Deschampsia cespitosa grassland

Carex hirta, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Juncus articulatus, Juncus effusus, Juncus inflexus, Brachythecium rutabulum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Kindbergia praelonga, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Angelica sylvestris, Conopodium majus, Heracleum sphondylium, Achillea millefolium, Achillea ptarmica, Centaurea nigra, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium palustre, Cirsium vulgare, Jacobaea vulgaris, Leucanthemum vulgare, Pulicaria dysenterica, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Senecio aquaticus, Taraxacum officianalis, Cardamine pratensis, Succisa pratensis, Cerastium fontanum, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus corniculatus, Lotus pedunculatus, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Hypericum perforatum, Mentha aquatica, Dactylorhiza fuchsii, Plantago lanceolata, Rumex acetosa, Rumex conglomeratus, Rumex crispus, Rumex obtusifolius, Rumex sanguineus, Primula veris, Primula vulgaris, Ficaria verna, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus repens, Agrimonia eupatoria, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla anserina, Potentilla erecta, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium verum, Silaum silaus, Urtica dioica, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus pratensis, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Briza media, Cynosurus cristatus, Dactylis glomerata, Danthonia decumbens, Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca rubra, Glyceria fluitans, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Hordeum secalinum, Lolium perenne, Phalaris arundinacea, Phleum pratense, Poa pratensis, Poa trivialis, Schedonorus arundinaceus, Schedonorus pratensis, Trisetum flavescens

MG10 — Coastal floodplain grazing marsh, Hard cliff and cliff slope, Upland rush pasture

Holcus lanatus-Juncus effusus rush-pasture

Carex hirta, Carex panicea, Juncus articulatus, Juncus effusus, Juncus inflexus, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Kindbergia praelonga, Angelica sylvestris, Oenanthe crocata, Caltha palustris, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium palustre, Pulicaria dysenterica, Senecio aquaticus, Taraxacum officianalis, Myosotis scorpioides, Cardamine pratensis, Cerastium fontanum, Silene flos-cuculi, Stellaria alsine, Equisetum arvense, Equisetum palustre, Lotus pedunculatus, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Iris pseudacorus, Mentha aquatica, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago major, Polygonum hydropiper, Rumex acetosa, Rumex conglomeratus, Rumex crispus, Rumex obtusifolius, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus repens, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla anserina, Urtica dioica, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus geniculatus, Alopecurus pratensis, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Cynosurus cristatus, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca rubra, Festulolium loliaceum, Glyceria fluitans, Holcus lanatus, Lolium perenne, Phalaris arundinacea, Phleum pratense, Poa pratensis, Poa trivialis, Schedonorus pratensis

MG11 — Brownfield, Coastal floodplain grazing marsh, Hard cliff and cliff slope

Festuca rubra-Agrostis stolonifera-Potentilla anserina grassland

Atriplex portulacoides, Carex arenaria, Carex distans, Juncus articulatus, Juncus bufonius, Juncus gerardii, Brachythecium rutabulum, Odontites verna, Oenanthe lachenalii, Bellis perennis, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium vulgare, Hypochaeris radicata, Matricaria discoidea, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Senecio aquaticus, Sonchus asper, Taraxacum officianalis, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Cochlearia anglica, Cochlearia officinalis, Cerastium fontanum, Honckenya peploides, Sagina procumbens, Silene dioica, Silene uniflora, Stellaria media agg., Atriplex hastata, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium repens, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago major, Plantago maritima, Polygonum aviculare, Rumex acetosa, Rumex crispus, Rumex obtusifolius, Glaux maritima, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus repens, Potentilla anserina, Potentilla reptans, Galium aparine, Urtica dioica, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus geniculatus, Ammophila arenaria, Arrhenatherum elatius, Bromus hordeaceous, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia juncea, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Lolium perenne, Parapholis strigosa, Phleum pratense, Poa annua, Poa pratensis, Poa trivialis, Schedonorus arundinaceus, Schedonorus pratensis

MG12 — Coastal floodplain grazing marsh, Hard cliff and cliff slope

Festuca arundinacea grassland

Atriplex portulacoides, Carex distans, Carex nigra, Carex otrubae, Eleocharis uniglumis, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus gerardii, Juncus inflexus, Juncus maritimus, Kindbergia praelonga, Odontites verna, Oenanthe crocata, Oenanthe lachenalii, Torilis japonica, Cirsium arvense, Hypochaeris radicata, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Sonchus arvensis, Taraxacum officianalis, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Cerastium fontanum, Stellaria media agg., Atriplex hastata, Equisetum palustre, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Iris pseudacorus, Triglochin maritimum, Triglochin palustre, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago major, Plantago maritima, Rumex crispus, Glaux maritima, Ranunculus acris, Potentilla anserina, Galium palustre, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Cynosurus cristatus, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia atherica, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Lolium perenne, Phragmites australis, Poa pratensis, Schedonorus arundinaceus, Schedonorus pratensis

MG13 — Brownfield, Coastal floodplain grazing marsh

Agrostis stolonifera-Alopecurus geniculatus grassland

Carex panicea, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus bufonius, Juncus effusus, Juncus gerardii, Ceratodon purpureus, Brachythecium rutabulum, Oenanthe fistulosa, Caltha palustris, Cirsium arvense, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Myosotis scorpioides, Valeriana dioica, Stellaria alsine, Stellaria neglecta, Atriplex hastata, Triglochin maritimum, Triglochin palustre, Mentha aquatica, Montia fontana, Polygonum hydropiper, Rumex conglomeratus, Rumex crispus, Ranunculus flammula, Ranunculus repens, Ranunculus sceleratus, Potentilla anserina, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus geniculatus, Alopecurus pratensis, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Bromus hordeaceous, Dactylis glomerata, Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca rubra, Glyceria declinata, Glyceria fluitans, Glyceria notata, Holcus lanatus, Poa annua, Poa trivialis, Schedonorus pratensis, Dryopteris expansa

S1 — Lowland fen

Carex elata swamp

Salix cinerea, Solanum dulcamara, Carex elata, Carex nigra, Cladium mariscus, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus subnodulosus, Brachythecium rutabulum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Kindbergia praelonga, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Berula erecta, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Caltha palustris, Cirsium palustre, Eupatorium cannabinum, Cardamine pratensis, Equisetum palustre, Lycopus europaeus, Mentha aquatica, Lythrum salicaria, Menyanthes trifoliata, Epilobium palustre, Epipactis palustris, Rumex acetosa, Ranunculus lingua, Comarum palustre, Galium palustre, Viola palustris, Agrostis canina, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Holcus lanatus, Phragmites australis

S2 — Lowland fen

Cladium mariscus swamp and sedge-beds

Salix cinerea, Myrica gale, Solanum dulcamara, Carex elata, Carex lasiocarpa, Carex panicea, Carex rostrata, Cladium mariscus, Juncus subnodulosus, Fissidens adianthoides, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Scorpidium scorpioides, Sphagnum subnitens, Riccardia multifida, Caltha palustris, Equisetum palustre, Mentha aquatica, Utricularia intermedia, Utricularia minor, Lythrum salicaria, Menyanthes trifoliata, Hippuris vulgaris, Comarum palustre, Galium palustre, Phragmites australis, Chara subspinosa

S3 — Lowland fen, Nutrient rich eutrophic lake

Carex paniculata swamp

Solanum dulcamara, Carex paniculata, Carex riparia, Sparganium erectum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Kindbergia praelonga, Angelica sylvestris, Oenanthe crocata, Caltha palustris, Cirsium palustre, Eupatorium cannabinum, Myosotis scorpioides, Cardamine pratensis, Equisetum fluviatile, Lotus pedunculatus, Lycopus europaeus, Mentha aquatica, Lemna minor, Epilobium hirsutum, Epilobium palustre, Rumex acetosa, Rumex hydrolapathum, Comarum palustre, Filipendula ulmaria, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium aparine, Galium palustre, Scutellaria galericulata, Urtica dioica, Viola palustris, Molinia caerulea, Phragmites australis, Dryopteris dilatata, Athyrium filix-femina, Typha latifolia

S4 — Lowland fen, Nutrient rich eutrophic lake, Reedbed

Phragmites australis swamp and reed-beds

Salix cinerea, Atriplex portulacoides, Solanum dulcamara, Bolboschoenus maritimus, Carex acuta, Carex lasiocarpa, Carex otrubae, Carex panicea, Carex pseudocyperus, Carex riparia, Carex rostrata, Cladium mariscus, Eriophorum angustifolium, Eleocharis palustris, Juncus articulatus, Juncus bulbosus, Juncus effusus, Juncus gerardii, Juncus maritimus, Juncus subnodulosus, Sparganium erectum, Sparganium minimum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Leptodictyum riparium, Sphagnum fallax, Suaeda maritima, Angelica sylvestris, Apium graveolens, Berula erecta, Cicuta virosa, Oenanthe crocata, Oenanthe fistulosa, Oenanthe lachenalii, Sium latifolium, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Sonchus arvensis, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Myosotis laxa, Myosotis scorpioides, Cardamine pratensis, Cochlearia anglica, Cochlearia officinalis, Silene flos-cuculi, Atriplex hastata, Atriplex littoralis, Salicornia dolichostachya, Calystegia sepium, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Lotus pedunculatus, Iris pseudacorus, Triglochin maritimum, Lycopus europaeus, Mentha aquatica, Lemna minor, Utricularia intermedia, Utricularia minor, Lythrum salicaria, Menyanthes trifoliata, Nymphaea alba, Epilobium hirsutum, Callitriche stagnalis, Hippuris vulgaris, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium vulgare, Rumex crispus, Rumex hydrolapathum, Potamogeton gramineus, Potamogeton natans, Potamogeton polygonifolius, Glaux maritima, Ranunculus flammula, Ranunculus lingua, Ranunculus sceleratus, Comarum palustre, Filipendula ulmaria, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium aparine, Galium palustre, Galium uliginosum, Urtica dioica, Agrostis stolonifera, Elytrigia atherica, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Glyceria fluitans, Glyceria maxima, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Phalaris arundinacea, Phragmites australis, Poa trivialis, Puccinellia maritima, Typha angustifolia, Typha latifolia, Chara subspinosa

S5 — Coastal floodplain grazing marsh, Lowland fen, Nutrient rich eutrophic lake

Glyceria maxima swamp

Solanum dulcamara, Carex acuta, Carex otrubae, Carex riparia, Juncus effusus, Sparganium erectum, Riccia fluitans, Alisma plantago-aquatica, Angelica sylvestris, Apium inundatum, Berula erecta, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium palustre, Eupatorium cannabinum, Myosotis scorpioides, Nasturtium officinale, Calystegia sepium, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Iris pseudacorus, Glechoma hederacea, Lycopus europaeus, Mentha aquatica, Lemna minor, Lythrum salicaria, Nymphaea alba, Epilobium hirsutum, Callitriche stagnalis, Polygonum amphibium, Rumex crispus, Rumex hydrolapathum, Rumex obtusifolius, Ficaria verna, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus repens, Filipendula ulmaria, Galium aparine, Galium palustre, Urtica dioica, Alopecurus pratensis, Glyceria maxima, Phalaris arundinacea, Phragmites australis, Poa trivialis

S6 — Coastal floodplain grazing marsh, Lowland fen, Nutrient rich eutrophic lake

Carex riparia swamp

Solanum dulcamara, Carex acuta, Carex elata, Carex riparia, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus effusus, Sparganium erectum, Calliergon giganteum, Angelica sylvestris, Oenanthe crocata, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium palustre, Eupatorium cannabinum, Myosotis scorpioides, Cardamine pratensis, Nasturtium officinale, Valeriana officinalis, Calystegia sepium, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Lycopus europaeus, Mentha aquatica, Nymphaea alba, Epilobium hirsutum, Epilobium palustre, Callitriche stagnalis, Polygonum amphibium, Polygonum hydropiper, Rumex crispus, Rumex hydrolapathum, Filipendula ulmaria, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium aparine, Galium palustre, Scutellaria galericulata, Urtica dioica, Agrostis stolonifera, Phalaris arundinacea, Phragmites australis, Poa trivialis, Dryopteris dilatata, Typha angustifolia, Typha latifolia

S7 — Coastal floodplain grazing marsh, Lowland fen

Carex acutiformis swamp

Solanum dulcamara, Carex acutiformis, Carex paniculata, Juncus effusus, Juncus inflexus, Sparganium erectum, Brachythecium rivulare, Angelica sylvestris, Cicuta virosa, Caltha palustris, Cirsium palustre, Cardamine amara, Valeriana officinalis, Stellaria alsine, Equisetum palustre, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus pedunculatus, Mentha aquatica, Lemna minor, Lythrum salicaria, Epilobium hirsutum, Veronica beccabunga, Polygonum aviculare, Polygonum hydropiper, Rumex crispus, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus repens, Filipendula ulmaria, Galium aparine, Galium palustre, Scutellaria galericulata, Urtica dioica, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Phalaris arundinacea, Poa trivialis, Typha latifolia

S8 — Lowland fen, Nutrient rich eutrophic lake

Scirpus lacustris ssp. lacustris swamp

Solanum dulcamara, Carex canescens, Carex nigra, Carex rostrata, Schoenoplectus lacustris, Eleocharis palustris, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus bulbosus, Juncus conglomeratus, Juncus effusus, Sparganium angustifolium, Sparganium erectum, Alisma plantago-aquatica, Sagittaria sagittifolia, Angelica sylvestris, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Caltha palustris, Ceratophyllum demersum, Equisetum fluviatile, Myriophyllum alterniflorum, Elodea canadensis, Hydrocharis morsus-ranae, Iris pseudacorus, Lycopus europaeus, Mentha aquatica, Stachys palustris, Lemna gibba, Lemna minor, Spirodela polyrhiza, Utricularia minor, Lythrum salicaria, Menyanthes trifoliata, Nuphar lutea, Nymphaea alba, Epilobium palustre, Polygonum amphibium, Polygonum bistorta, Potamogeton lucens, Potamogeton natans, Potamogeton perfoliatus, Potamogeton polygonifolius, Ranunculus flammula, Comarum palustre, Filipendula ulmaria, Galium palustre, Solanum nigrum, Agrostis canina, Glyceria fluitans, Phragmites australis, Typha latifolia

S9 — Lowland fen, Upland spring flush

Carex rostrata swamp

Carex nigra, Carex rostrata, Eleocharis palustris, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus bulbosus, Juncus effusus, Calliergon giganteum, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Caltha palustris, Myosotis laxa, Cardamine pratensis, Lobelia dortmanna, Equisetum fluviatile, Eriocaulon aquaticum, Mentha aquatica, Menyanthes trifoliata, Nymphaea alba, Epilobium palustre, Pedicularis palustris, Littorella uniflora, Polygonum amphibium, Potamogeton natans, Potamogeton polygonifolius, Ranunculus flammula, Comarum palustre, Galium palustre, Agrostis stolonifera, Chara subspinosa

S10 — Lowland fen

Equisetum fluviatile swamp

Solanum dulcamara, Carex rostrata, Eriophorum angustifolium, Calliergon cordifolium, Alisma plantago-aquatica, Angelica sylvestris, Caltha palustris, Rorippa islandica, Equisetum fluviatile, Lemna minor, Menyanthes trifoliata, Epilobium palustre, Callitriche stagnalis, Polygonum amphibium, Polygonum hydropiper, Ranunculus flammula, Comarum palustre, Galium palustre

S11 — Lowland fen, Turlough and fluctuation mere, Upland spring flush

Carex vesicaria swamp

Carex aquatilis, Carex nigra, Carex rostrata, Carex vesicaria, Juncus effusus, Calliergon cordifolium, Kindbergia praelonga, Angelica sylvestris, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Caltha palustris, Myosotis scorpioides, Valeriana officinalis, Equisetum fluviatile, Mentha aquatica, Lythrum salicaria, Menyanthes trifoliata, Veronica scutellata, Polygonum amphibium, Rumex acetosa, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus flammula, Comarum palustre, Filipendula ulmaria, Galium palustre, Scutellaria galericulata, Agrostis canina, Deschampsia cespitosa, Glyceria fluitans, Phalaris arundinacea

S12 — Lowland fen, Nutrient rich eutrophic lake

Typha latifolia swamp

Solanum dulcamara, Carex rostrata, Schoenoplectus lacustris, Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani, Eleocharis palustris, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus effusus, Sparganium erectum, Calliergon cordifolium, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Acorus calamus, Alisma plantago-aquatica, Apium nodiflorum, Berula erecta, Cicuta virosa, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Caltha palustris, Myosotis laxa, Myosotis scorpioides, Nasturtium officinale, Chenopodium album, Equisetum fluviatile, Lycopus europaeus, Mentha aquatica, Lemna minor, Lemna trisulca, Lythrum salicaria, Menyanthes trifoliata, Chamerion angustifolium, Epilobium hirsutum, Epilobium palustre, Callitriche obtusangula, Callitriche stagnalis, Persicaria maculosa, Polygonum amphibium, Rumex crispus, Rumex hydrolapathum, Potamogeton polygonifolius, Ranunculus flammula, Ranunculus repens, Ranunculus sceleratus, Comarum palustre, Galium palustre, Urtica dioica, Agrostis canina, Agrostis stolonifera, Glyceria fluitans, Phalaris arundinacea, Typha latifolia

S13 — Lowland fen, Nutrient rich eutrophic lake

Typha angustifolia swamp

Solanum dulcamara, Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani, Juncus effusus, Calliergon cordifolium, Alisma plantago-aquatica, Calystegia sepium, Elatine hydropiper, Myriophyllum spicatum, Elodea canadensis, Iris pseudacorus, Mentha aquatica, Lemna minor, Lemna trisulca, Menyanthes trifoliata, Nymphaea alba, Epilobium hirsutum, Callitriche obtusangula, Littorella uniflora, Polygonum amphibium, Rumex hydrolapathum, Potamogeton natans, Potamogeton pectinatus, Lysimachia vulgaris, Ranunculus flammula, Agrostis stolonifera, Glyceria fluitans, Glyceria maxima, Glyceria notata, Phalaris arundinacea, Phragmites australis, Typha angustifolia, Typha latifolia

S14 — Lowland fen, Nutrient rich eutrophic lake

Sparganium erectum swamp

Solanum dulcamara, Carex acutiformis, Carex otrubae, Eleocharis palustris, Juncus articulatus, Juncus effusus, Juncus inflexus, Sparganium erectum, Alisma plantago-aquatica, Angelica sylvestris, Apium graveolens, Apium nodiflorum, Oenanthe crocata, Myosotis laxa, Myosotis scorpioides, Hesperis matronalis, Nasturtium officinale, Butomus umbellatus, Lotus pedunculatus, Hydrocharis morsus-ranae, Iris pseudacorus, Lycopus europaeus, Mentha aquatica, Lemna gibba, Lemna minor, Lemna trisulca, Wolffia arrhiza, Lythrum salicaria, Nuphar lutea, Epilobium hirsutum, Callitriche stagnalis, Veronica beccabunga, Persicaria maculosa, Polygonum amphibium, Rumex crispus, Groenlandia densa, Potamogeton natans, Ranunculus flammula, Filipendula ulmaria, Galium palustre, Scutellaria galericulata, Urtica dioica, Agrostis canina, Glyceria fluitans, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Phalaris arundinacea, Phragmites australis, Typha angustifolia, Typha latifolia

S15 — Lowland fen

Acorus calamus swamp

Salix cinerea, Solanum dulcamara, Eleocharis palustris, Juncus bufonius, Juncus effusus, Sparganium erectum, Pohlia annotina, Brachythecium rutabulum, Kindbergia praelonga, Marchantia polymorpha sens.lat., Riccia fluitans, Acorus calamus, Alisma plantago-aquatica, Angelica sylvestris, Apium nodiflorum, Cirsium palustre, Gnaphalium uliginosum, Myosotis laxa, Myosotis scorpioides, Stellaria alsine, Crassula helmsii, Lycopus europaeus, Mentha aquatica, Lemna minor, Lythrum salicaria, Chamerion angustifolium, Epilobium adenocaulon, Mimulus guttatus, Persicaria maculosa, Polygonum amphibium, Polygonum aviculare, Rumex acetosa, Rumex hydrolapathum, Potamogeton natans, Ranunculus repens, Galium palustre, Urtica dioica, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Poa trivialis, Typha latifolia

S16 — Lowland fen

Sagittaria sagittifolia swamp

Schoenoplectus lacustris, Sparganium emersum, Sparganium erectum, Sagittaria sagittifolia, Equisetum palustre, Hydrocharis morsus-ranae, Mentha aquatica, Stachys palustris, Lemna minor, Lemna trisulca, Spirodela polyrhiza, Ranunculus repens, Galium palustre, Glyceria fluitans, Glyceria maxima

S17 — Lowland fen

Carex pseudocyperus swamp

Solanum dulcamara, Carex pseudocyperus, Juncus conglomeratus, Juncus effusus, Juncus inflexus, Sparganium erectum, Alisma plantago-aquatica, Anthriscus sylvestris, Berula erecta, Oenanthe crocata, Caltha palustris, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium palustre, Myosotis scorpioides, Stellaria alsine, Dipsacus fullonum, Iris pseudacorus, Lycopus europaeus, Mentha aquatica, Rumex crispus, Rumex hydrolapathum, Rumex obtusifolius, Ranunculus lingua, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium aparine, Galium palustre, Scrophularia auriculata, Scutellaria galericulata, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus pratensis, Glyceria maxima, Holcus lanatus, Phragmites australis, Poa trivialis, Typha latifolia

S18 — Lowland fen

Carex otrubae swamp

Solanum dulcamara, Bolboschoenus maritimus, Carex acutiformis, Carex otrubae, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus bufonius, Juncus bulbosus, Juncus effusus, Sparganium erectum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Leptodictyum riparium, Alisma plantago-aquatica, Angelica sylvestris, Sium latifolium, Achillea millefolium, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium palustre, Eupatorium cannabinum, Sonchus arvensis, Cardamine pratensis, Ceratophyllum demersum, Atriplex hastata, Atriplex patula, Equisetum arvense, Equisetum palustre, Equisetum telmateia, Lotus pedunculatus, Vicia cracca, Vicia sativa, Geranium dissectum, Iris pseudacorus, Mentha aquatica, Lythrum salicaria, Chamerion angustifolium, Epilobium hirsutum, Plantago major, Rumex crispus, Rumex hydrolapathum, Ranunculus repens, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla reptans, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium aparine, Galium palustre, Galium uliginosum, Agrostis stolonifera, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia repens, Phragmites australis, Poa annua, Poa pratensis, Typha latifolia

S19 — Lowland fen, Turlough and fluctuation mere, Upland spring flush

Eleocharis palustris swamp

Carex hirta, Carex nigra, Carex rostrata, Eleocharis palustris, Eleocharis quinqueflora, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus bulbosus, Juncus effusus, Juncus gerardii, Drepanocladus fluitans, Fontinalis antipyretica, Scorpidium scorpioides, Alisma plantago-aquatica, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Caltha palustris, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Myosotis laxa, Cardamine pratensis, Lobelia dortmanna, Equisetum fluviatile, Trifolium repens, Myriophyllum alterniflorum, Triglochin maritimum, Mentha aquatica, Utricularia minor, Littorella uniflora, Plantago maritima, Persicaria maculosa, Polygonum amphibium, Potamogeton natans, Potamogeton polygonifolius, Glaux maritima, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus flammula, Ranunculus repens, Potentilla anserina, Galium palustre, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus geniculatus, Festuca rubra, Glyceria fluitans, Holcus lanatus, Phalaris arundinacea, Poa trivialis, Typha latifolia

S20 — Lowland fen, Nutrient rich eutrophic lake

Scirpus lacustris ssp. tabernaemontani swamp

Solanum dulcamara, Bolboschoenus maritimus, Carex otrubae, Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani, Eleocharis palustris, Eleocharis uniglumis, Juncus bufonius, Juncus gerardii, Apium graveolens, Oenanthe lachenalii, Cochlearia anglica, Atriplex hastata, Chenopodium rubrum, Triglochin maritimum, Rumex hydrolapathum, Glaux maritima, Ranunculus sceleratus, Potentilla anserina, Ruppia maritima, Agrostis stolonifera, Phragmites australis, Puccinellia distans, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica, Typha angustifolia, Typha latifolia

S21 — Lowland fen, Nutrient rich eutrophic lake

Scirpus maritimus swamp

Atriplex portulacoides, Bolboschoenus maritimus, Carex nigra, Carex otrubae, Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani, Eleocharis palustris, Eleocharis uniglumis, Juncus articulatus, Juncus bufonius, Juncus gerardii, Juncus maritimus, Amblystegium serpens, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Drepanocladus aduncus, Suaeda maritima, Apium graveolens, Berula erecta, Oenanthe crocata, Oenanthe lachenalii, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Aster tripolium, Caltha palustris, Cirsium arvense, Sonchus arvensis, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Cochlearia anglica, Cochlearia officinalis, Spergularia marina, Spergularia media, Stellaria media agg., Atriplex hastata, Salicornia dolichostachya, Calystegia sepium, Iris pseudacorus, Triglochin maritimum, Mentha aquatica, Epilobium parviflorum, Plantago maritima, Limonium vulgare, Rumex conglomeratus, Rumex crispus, Glaux maritima, Samolus valerandi, Ranunculus flammula, Ranunculus sceleratus, Potentilla anserina, Galium aparine, Galium palustre, Ruppia maritima, Viola palustris, Agrostis stolonifera, Elytrigia atherica, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Glyceria fluitans, Glyceria maxima, Phragmites australis, Puccinellia distans, Puccinellia maritima, Schedonorus arundinaceus, Spartina anglica

S22 — Lowland fen

Glyceria fluitans water-margin vegetation

Solanum dulcamara, Carex otrubae, Eleocharis palustris, Juncus articulatus, Sparganium erectum, Alisma plantago-aquatica, Apium nodiflorum, Myosotis scorpioides, Nasturtium officinale, Elodea canadensis, Mentha aquatica, Lemna minor, Rumex crispus, Ranunculus lingua, Galium palustre, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus geniculatus, Glyceria fluitans, Poa trivialis, Typha latifolia

S23 — Lowland fen

Other water-margin vegetation

Bolboschoenus maritimus, Carex otrubae, Juncus articulatus, Juncus effusus, Juncus inflexus, Sparganium erectum, Alisma lanceolatum, Alisma plantago-aquatica, Apium nodiflorum, Berula erecta, Oenanthe fistulosa, Myosotis laxa, Nasturtium officinale, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Hydrocharis morsus-ranae, Iris pseudacorus, Mentha aquatica, Lemna minor, Lemna trisulca, Spirodelia polyrhiza, Lythrum salicaria, Epilobium parviflorum, Veronica catenata, Polygonum amphibium, Polygonum hydropiper, Rumex conglomeratus, Rumex hydrolapathum, Lysimachia vulgaris, Samolus valerandi, Ranunculus circinatus, Ranunculus repens, Ranunculus sceleratus, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla anserina, Galium palustre, Scrophularia auriculata, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus geniculatus, Catabrosa aquatica, Elytrigia repens, Glyceria fluitans, Glyceria maxima, Phalaris arundinacea, Phragmites australis, Poa trivialis, Typha latifolia

S24 — Lowland fen

Phragmites australis-Peucedanum palustris tall-herb fen

Salix cinerea, Salix repens, Betula pubescens, Alnus glutinosa, Myrica gale, Frangula alnus, Solanum dulcamara, Carex acutiformis, Carex appropinquata, Carex diandra, Carex elata, Carex lasiocarpa, Carex lepidocarpa, Carex panicea, Carex paniculata, Carex pseudocyperus, Carex riparia, Cladium mariscus, Schoenus nigricans, Juncus subnodulosus, Sparganium erectum, Bryum pseudotriquetrum, Plagiomnium elatum, Plagiomnium rostratum, Rhizomnium punctatum, Fissidens adianthoides, Brachythecium rutabulum, Calliergon giganteum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Campylium elodes, Aneura pinguis, Angelica sylvestris, Berula erecta, Cicuta virosa, Oenanthe fistulosa, Oenanthe lachenalii, Sium latifolium, Thyselium palustre, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Caltha palustris, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium dissectum, Cirsium palustre, Eupatorium cannabinum, Impatiens capensis, Myosotis laxa, Myosotis scorpioides, Cardamine pratensis, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana dioica, Valeriana officinalis, Silene flos-cuculi, Stellaria palustris, Calystegia sepium, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Lathyrus palustris, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus pedunculatus, Vicia cracca, Hypericum tetrapterum, Iris pseudacorus, Lycopus europaeus, Mentha aquatica, Lemna minor, Lythrum salicaria, Menyanthes trifoliata, Epilobium hirsutum, Epilobium palustre, Epilobium parviflorum, Dactylorhiza incarnata, Dactylorhiza praetermissa, Epipactis palustris, Pedicularis palustris, Rhinanthus minor, Rumex hydrolapathum, Lysimachia vulgaris, Samolus valerandi, Ranunculus flammula, Ranunculus lingua, Thalictrum flavum, Comarum palustre, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla erecta, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium palustre, Galium uliginosum, Scrophularia auriculata, Scutellaria galericulata, Urtica dioica, Agrostis stolonifera, Calamagrostis canescens, Calamagrostis epigejos, Glyceria maxima, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Phalaris arundinacea, Phragmites australis, Poa trivialis, Thelypteris palustris, Typha angustifolia, Typha latifolia

S25 — Lowland fen, Reedbed

Phragmites australis-Eupatorium cannabinum tall-herb fen

Salix cinerea, Alnus glutinosa, Myrica gale, Solanum dulcamara, Carex acuta, Carex elata, Carex paniculata, Carex riparia, Cladium mariscus, Juncus subnodulosus, Brachythecium rutabulum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Lophocolea bidentata, Angelica sylvestris, Berula erecta, Oenanthe lachenalii, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Caltha palustris, Cirsium palustre, Eupatorium cannabinum, Myosotis scorpioides, Valeriana dioica, Valeriana officinalis, Silene flos-cuculi, Calystegia sepium, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus pedunculatus, Vicia cracca, Iris pseudacorus, Lycopus europaeus, Mentha aquatica, Lythrum salicaria, Menyanthes trifoliata, Epilobium hirsutum, Pedicularis palustris, Rumex crispus, Comarum palustre, Filipendula ulmaria, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium aparine, Galium palustre, Galium uliginosum, Scrophularia auriculata, Scutellaria galericulata, Urtica dioica, Arrhenatherum elatius, Phalaris arundinacea, Phragmites australis, Thelypteris palustris, Athyrium filix-femina, Typha angustifolia

S26 — Lowland fen, Reedbed

Phragmites australis-Urtica dioica tall-herb fen

Solanum dulcamara, Carex acuta, Carex otrubae, Carex riparia, Juncus effusus, Juncus subnodulosus, Sparganium erectum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Kindbergia praelonga, Angelica sylvestris, Apium nodiflorum, Heracleum sphondylium, Oenanthe crocata, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium palustre, Eupatorium cannabinum, Pulicaria dysenterica, Sonchus arvensis, Myosotis scorpioides, Valeriana officinalis, Silene dioica, Silene flos-cuculi, Calystegia sepium, Dipsacus fullonum, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus pedunculatus, Vicia cracca, Iris pseudacorus, Glechoma hederacea, Lycopus europaeus, Mentha aquatica, Stachys palustris, Lythrum salicaria, Epilobium hirsutum, Rumex crispus, Rumex hydrolapathum, Lysimachia vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus repens, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla anserina, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium aparine, Galium palustre, Galium uliginosum, Scutellaria galericulata, Urtica dioica, Agrostis stolonifera, Arrhenatherum elatius, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia repens, Glyceria maxima, Holcus lanatus, Phalaris arundinacea, Phragmites australis, Poa trivialis, Schedonorus arundinaceus, Typha latifolia

S27 — Lowland fen, Upland spring flush

Carex rostrata-Potentilla palustris tall-herb fen

Salix cinerea, Solanum dulcamara, Carex appropinquata, Carex aquatilis, Carex diandra, Carex elata, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex rostrata, Carex vesicaria, Eriophorum angustifolium, Eleocharis palustris, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus effusus, Juncus subnodulosus, Sparganium erectum, Bryum pseudotriquetrum, Rhizomnium pseudopunctatum, Rhizomnium punctatum, Brachythecium rivulare, Brachythecium rutabulum, Calliergon cordifolium, Calliergon giganteum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Cratoneuron filicinum, Drepanocladus fluitans, Sphagnum fimbriatum, Sphagnum squarrosum, Chiloscyphus polyanthos, Lophocolea bidentata, Angelica sylvestris, Apium nodiflorum, Sium latifolium, Thyselium palustre, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Caltha palustris, Cirsium palustre, Senecio aquaticus, Myosotis laxa, Myosotis scorpioides, Cardamine amara, Cardamine pratensis, Valeriana officinalis, Silene flos-cuculi, Stellaria alsine, Stellaria palustris, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Lotus pedunculatus, Hypericum elodes, Iris pseudacorus, Lycopus europaeus, Mentha aquatica, Lemna minor, Lythrum salicaria, Menyanthes trifoliata, Epilobium palustre, Epipactis palustris, Callitriche stagnalis, Veronica beccabunga, Veronica scutellata, Polygonum amphibium, Rumex hydrolapathum, Potamogeton polygonifolius, Lysimachia thyrsiflora, Lysimachia vulgaris, Ranunculus flammula, Ranunculus lingua, Ranunculus repens, Comarum palustre, Filipendula ulmaria, Galium palustre, Scutellaria galericulata, Agrostis canina, Agrostis stolonifera, Holcus lanatus, Phragmites australis, Poa trivialis, Dryopteris cristata, Typha latifolia

S28 — Lowland fen, Nutrient rich eutrophic lake

Phalaris arundinacea tall-herb fen

Solanum dulcamara, Eleocharis palustris, Juncus effusus, Kindbergia praelonga, Angelica sylvestris, Oenanthe crocata, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium palustre, Myosotis scorpioides, Nasturtium officinale, Atriplex hastata, Calystegia sepium, Equisetum fluviatile, Mentha aquatica, Epilobium hirsutum, Callitriche stagnalis, Ranunculus repens, Filipendula ulmaria, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium aparine, Galium palustre, Urtica dioica, Agrostis stolonifera, Deschampsia cespitosa, Elytrigia repens, Glyceria maxima, Holcus lanatus, Phalaris arundinacea, Poa trivialis, Puccinellia maritima, Typha angustifolia

SM1 — Salt marsh

Zostera communities

Zostera angustifolia, Zostera marina, Zostera noltei, Spartina anglica, Porphyra umbilicalis, Chondria dasyphylla, Polysiphonia nigra, Chara aspera, Chaetomorpha linum, Chaetomorpha tortuosa, Cladophora battersii, Cladophora retroflexa, Ulva intestinalis, Ulva lactuca, Fucus spiralis

SM2 — Salt marsh

Ruppia maritima salt-marsh community

Ruppia maritima

SM3 — Salt marsh

Eleocharis parvula salt-marsh community

Eleocharis parvula

SM4 — Salt marsh

Spartina maritima salt-marsh community

Suaeda maritima, Salicornia europaea, Salicornia perennis, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica, Spartina maritima

SM5 — Salt marsh

Spartina alterniflora salt-marsh community

Puccinellia maritima, Spartina alterniflora, Spartina anglica

SM6 — Salt marsh

Spartina anglica salt-marsh community

Atriplex portulacoides, Suaeda maritima, Aster tripolium, Cochlearia anglica, Spergularia media, Atriplex hastata, Salicornia europaea, Plantago maritima, Limonium vulgare, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica, Catenella caespitosa, Fucus vesiculosus, Fucus vesiculosus ecad volubilis

SM7 — Salt marsh

Arthrocnemum perenne stands

Atriplex portulacoides, Suaeda maritima, Aster tripolium, Spergularia media, Salicornia europaea, Salicornia perennis, Limonium vulgare, Puccinellia maritima, Bostrychia scorpioides

SM8 — Salt marsh

Annual Salicornia salt-marsh community

Atriplex portulacoides, Suaeda maritima, Aster tripolium, Salicornia europaea, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica

SM9 — Salt marsh

Suaeda maritima salt-marsh community

Atriplex portulacoides, Suaeda maritima, Aster tripolium, Salicornia europaea, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica

SM10 — Salt marsh

Transitional low-marsh vegetation with Puccinellia maritima annual Salicornia species and Suaeda maritima

Atriplex portulacoides, Suaeda maritima, Aster tripolium, Spergularia media, Salicornia europaea, Triglochin maritimum, Armeria maritima, Limonium vulgare, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica

SM11 — Salt marsh

Aster tripolium var. discoideus salt-marsh community

Atriplex portulacoides, Suaeda maritima, Aster tripolium, Spergularia media, Salicornia europaea, Salicornia perennis, Plantago maritima, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica, Bostrychia scorpioides, Fucus vesiculosus, Pelvetia canaliculata

SM12 — Salt marsh

Rayed Aster Tripolium on slat marshes

Schoenoplectus lacustris, Juncus bufonius, Suaeda maritima, Aster tripolium, Spergularia marina, Spergularia media, Atriplex hastata, Salicornia europaea, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago maritima, Puccinellia distans, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica

SM13 — Salt marsh

Puccinellia maritima salt-marsh community

Atriplex portulacoides, Juncus gerardii, Suaeda maritima, Aster tripolium, Cochlearia anglica, Cochlearia officinalis, Spergularia media, Atriplex hastata, Salicornia europaea, Salicornia perennis, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium humile, Limonium vulgare, Glaux maritima, Agrostis stolonifera, Festuca rubra, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica, Spartina maritima, Bostrychia scorpioides, Fucus cottonii

SM14 — Salt marsh

Halimione portulacoides salt-marsh community

Atriplex portulacoides, Juncus maritimus, Suaeda maritima, Artemisia maritima, Aster tripolium, Inula crithmoides, Spergularia media, Salicornia europaea, Salicornia perennis, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium vulgare, Elytrigia atherica, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica

SM15 — Salt marsh

Juncus maritimus-Triglochin maritima salt-marsh community

Atriplex portulacoides, Carex extensa, Juncus gerardii, Juncus maritimus, Suaeda maritima, Oenanthe lachenalii, Artemisia maritima, Cochlearia anglica, Cochlearia officinalis, Spergularia media, Atriplex hastata, Salicornia europaea, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium humile, Limonium vulgare, Glaux maritima, Agrostis stolonifera, Festuca rubra, Phragmites australis, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica, Fucus cottonii

SM16 — Salt marsh

Festuca rubra salt-marsh community

Atriplex portulacoides, Carex distans, Carex flacca, Juncus gerardii, Hypnum cupressiforme, Kindbergia praelonga, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Cochlearia anglica, Cerastium fontanum, Sagina procumbens, Spergularia media, Atriplex hastata, Salicornia europaea, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium repens, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium vulgare, Glaux maritima, Ranunculus acris, Potentilla anserina, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Cynosurus cristatus, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Puccinellia maritima

SM17 — Salt marsh

Artemisia maritima salt-marsh community

Atriplex portulacoides, Juncus gerardii, Juncus maritimus, Suaeda maritima, Suaeda vera, Artemisia maritima, Cochlearia anglica, Cochlearia officinalis, Spergularia media, Atriplex hastata, Salicornia europaea, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago coronopus, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium vulgare, Glaux maritima, Agrostis stolonifera, Elytrigia atherica, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Hordeum marinum, Parapholis strigosa, Puccinellia maritima

SM18 — Salt marsh

Juncus maritimus salt-marsh community

Carex distans, Carex extensa, Carex otrubae, Juncus gerardii, Juncus maritimus, Amblystegium serpens, Kindbergia praelonga, Oenanthe lachenalii, Cirsium arvense, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Sonchus arvensis, Cochlearia officinalis, Silene flos-cuculi, Atriplex hastata, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Rumex crispus, Glaux maritima, Samolus valerandi, Ranunculus acris, Potentilla anserina, Galium palustre, Agrostis stolonifera, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Poa pratensis, Schedonorus arundinaceus

SM19 — Saline lagoon, Salt marsh

Blysmus rufus salt-marsh community

Blysmus rufus, Carex extensa, Carex lepidocarpa, Carex nigra, Eleocharis quinqueflora, Eleocharis uniglumis, Juncus articulatus, Juncus gerardii, Amblystegium serpens, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Drepanocladus polygamus, Leptodictyum riparium, Oenanthe lachenalii, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Cochlearia anglica, Trifolium repens, Triglochin maritimum, Triglochin palustre, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Glaux maritima, Potentilla anserina, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus geniculatus, Festuca rubra, Puccinellia maritima

SM20 — Saline lagoon, Salt marsh

Eleocharis uniglumis salt-marsh community

Bolboschoenus maritimus, Carex distans, Carex extensa, Carex nigra, Eleocharis quinqueflora, Eleocharis uniglumis, Juncus articulatus, Juncus gerardii, Leptodictyum riparium, Oenanthe lachenalii, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Atriplex hastata, Trifolium repens, Triglochin maritimum, Triglochin palustre, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Glaux maritima, Samolus valerandi, Potentilla anserina, Galium palustre, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus geniculatus, Festuca rubra

SM21 — Salt marsh

Suaeda vera-Limonium binervosum salt-marsh community

Atriplex portulacoides, Frankenia laevis, Suaeda maritima, Suaeda vera, Artemisia maritima, Cochlearia anglica, Cochlearia danica, Cochlearia officinalis, Sagina maritima, Spergularia marina, Spergularia media, Salicornia europaea, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium bellidifolium, Limonium binervosum, Limonium vulgare, Glaux maritima, Elytrigia atherica, Festuca rubra, Puccinellia maritima

SM22 — Salt marsh

Halimione portulacoides-Frankenia laevis salt-marsh community

Atriplex portulacoides, Frankenia laevis, Suaeda maritima, Spergularia media, Salicornia europaea, Salicornia perennis, Plantago coronopus, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium vulgare, Elytrigia juncea, Festuca rubra, Parapholis strigosa, Puccinellia maritima

SM23 — Salt marsh

Spergularia marina-Puccinellia distans salt-marsh community

Atriplex portulacoides, Juncus bufonius, Suaeda maritima, Spergularia marina, Spergularia media, Atriplex hastata, Salicornia europaea, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago maritima, Polygonum aviculare, Glaux maritima, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus geniculatus, Elytrigia atherica, Festuca rubra, Parapholis strigosa, Puccinellia distans, Puccinellia maritima

SM24 — Salt marsh

Elymus pycnanthus salt-marsh community

Atriplex portulacoides, Juncus gerardii, Juncus maritimus, Hypnum cupressiforme, Suaeda vera, Artemisia maritima, Aster tripolium, Sonchus arvensis, Atriplex hastata, Atriplex littoralis, Beta vulgaris sp maritima, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium vulgare, Glaux maritima, Potentilla anserina, Galium aparine, Agrostis stolonifera, Ammophila arenaria, Elytrigia atherica, Festuca rubra, Parapholis strigosa, Phragmites australis, Puccinellia maritima

SM25 — Salt marsh

Suaeda vera drift-line community

Atriplex portulacoides, Suaeda maritima, Suaeda vera, Artemisia maritima, Cochlearia anglica, Cochlearia danica, Cochlearia officinalis, Spergularia media, Atriplex littoralis, Salicornia europaea, Salicornia perennis, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago maritima, Limonium vulgare, Glaux maritima, Elytrigia atherica, Festuca rubra, Puccinellia maritima, Bostrychia scorpioides, Pelvetia canaliculata

SM26 — Salt marsh

Inula crithmoides stands

Atriplex portulacoides, Suaeda maritima, Inula crithmoides, Spergularia media, Salicornia europaea, Salicornia perennis, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium vulgare, Elytrigia atherica, Festuca rubra, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica, Bostrychia scorpioides

SM28 — Salt marsh

Elymus repens salt-marsh community

Bolboschoenus maritimus, Carex otrubae, Eleocharis uniglumis, Juncus gerardii, Kindbergia praelonga, Odontites verna, Anthriscus sylvestris, Apium graveolens, Heracleum sphondylium, Oenanthe crocata, Oenanthe lachenalii, Torilis japonica, Centaurea nigra, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium vulgare, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Sonchus arvensis, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Cochlearia anglica, Cochlearia officinalis, Silene uniflora, Stellaria media agg., Atriplex hastata, Atriplex littoralis, Calystegia sepium, Lotus corniculatus, Medicago lupulina, Melilotus altissima, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Rumex conglomeratus, Rumex crispus, Glaux maritima, Potentilla anserina, Galium aparine, Urtica dioica, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus geniculatus, Arrhenatherum elatius, Dactylis glomerata, Deschampsia cespitosa, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Lolium perenne, Poa pratensis, Puccinellia maritima, Schedonorus arundinaceus

W20 — Montane scrub

Salix lapponum-Luzula sylvatica scrub

Salix arbuscula, Salix cinerea, Salix lapponum, Salix myrsinites, Salix phylicifolia, Salix reticulata, Empetrum nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Salix lanata, Vaccinium myrtillus, Vaccinium uliginosum, Carex atrata, Carex bigelowii, Carex binervis, Carex flacca, Luzula multiflora, Luzula sylvatica, Huperzia selago, Selaginella selaginoides, Aulacomnium palustre, Mnium hornum, Philonotis fontana, Plagiomnium undulatum, Rhizomnium punctatum, Dicranum bonjeanii, Dicranum majus, Dicranum scoparium, Fissidens adianthoides, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Ctenidium molluscum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum callichroum, Hypnum cupressiforme, Palustriella commutatum, Plagiothecium denticulatum, Plagiothecium undulatum, Pleurozium schreberi, Ptilium crista-castrensis, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Sanionia uncinata, Scorpidium revolvens, Thuidium tamariscinum, Atrichum undulatum, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Sphagnum capillifolium, Sphagnum fallax, Sphagnum girgensohnii, Sphagnum palustre, Sphagnum russowii, Sphagnum squarrosum, Sphagnum subnitens, Sphagnum teres, Barbilophozia barbata, Chiloscyphus polyanthos, Diplophyllum albicans, Lophocolea bidentata, Plagiochila porelloides, Ptilidium ciliare, Scapania undulata, Cladonia squamosa, Peltigera canina, Angelica sylvestris, Caltha palustris, Hieraclium spp., Saussurea alpina, Solidago virgaurea, Campanula rotundifolia, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana officinalis, Rhodiola rosea, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Thymus praecox, Epilobium anagallidifolium, Dactylorhiza viridis, Euphrasia officinalis, Rhinanthus minor, Oxalis acetosella, Oxyria digyna, Polygonum viviparum, Rumex acetosa, Anemone nemorosa, Ranunculus acris, Thalictrum alpinum, Alchemilla alpina, Alchemilla glabra, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum rivale, Galium boreale, Galium saxatile, Saxifraga aizoides, Saxifraga hypnoides, Saxifraga oppositifolia, Saxifraga stellaris, Viola riviniana, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Nardus stricta, Dryopteris dilatata, Phegopteris connectilis

W21 — Hedgerow scrub, Mixed scrub

Crataegus monogyna-Hedera helix scrub

Hedera helix, Salix cinerea, Acer pseudoplatanus, Ilex aquifolium, Betula pendula, Corylus avellana, Fagus sylvatica, Quercus robur, Fraxinus excelsior, Malus sylvestris, Sorbus aria, Taxus baccata, Ulmus glabra, Ulmus procera, Sambucus nigra, Viburnum lantana, Euonymus europaeus, Cornus sanguinea, Juniperus communis, Ligustrum vulgare, Clematis vitalba, Rhamnus cathartica, Crataegus laevigata, Crataegus monogyna, Prunus spinosa, Juncus effusus, Plagiomnium undulatum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Kindbergia praelonga, Rhynchostegium confertum, Tamus communis, Heracleum sphondylium, Torilis japonica, Arum maculatum, Arctium minus, Cirsium arvense, Lonicera periclymenum, Moehringia trinervia, Silene dioica, Stellaria graminea, Stellaria holostea, Stellaria media agg., Calystegia sepium, Mercurialis perennis, Geranium robertianum, Iris foetidissima, Glechoma hederacea, Lamium purpureum, Origanum vulgare, Stachys sylvatica, Teucrium scorodonia, Allium ursinum, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Circaea lutetiana, Rumex sanguineus, Anemone nemorosa, Ranunculus repens, Fragaria vesca, Geum urbanum, Potentilla sterilis, Poterium sanguisorba, Rosa arvensis, Rosa canina, Rubia peregrina, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium aparine, Urtica dioica, Viola riviniana, Anisantha sterilis, Arrhenatherum elatius, Brachypodium pinnatum, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Bromopsis erecta, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia repens, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Poa trivialis, Asplenium scolopendrium, Pteridium aquilinum, Dryopteris filix-mas

W22 — Hedgerow scrub, Mixed scrub

Prunus spinosa-Rubus fruticosus scrub

Hedera helix, Acer campestre, Corylus avellana, Ulex europaeus, Prunus spinosa, Plagiomnium undulatum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Eurhynchium striatum, Kindbergia praelonga, Thuidium tamariscinum, Atrichum undulatum, Lophocolea bidentata, Achillea millefolium, Cardamine flexuosa, Lonicera periclymenum, Moehringia trinervia, Silene dioica, Silene uniflora, Stellaria media agg., Mercurialis perennis, Geranium robertianum, Stachys sylvatica, Teucrium scorodonia, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Oxalis acetosella, Digitalis purpurea, Plantago lanceolata, Veronica chamaedrys, Armeria maritima, Rumex acetosa, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum urbanum, Rosa canina, Rubus fruticosus agg., Rubus idaeus, Galium aparine, Urtica dioica, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Poa trivialis, Asplenium scolopendrium, Pteridium aquilinum, Dryopteris borreri, Dryopteris filix-mas