Seaford to Beachy Head

Site of Special Scientific Interest · 50.7582, 0.1839

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Also within

East Sussex County SOUTH DOWNS National Park King Charles Way - Shoreham to Eastbourne National TrailSouth Downs Way National Trail

Condition (Natural England)

Unfavourable Recovering (1) Favourable (6) Unfavourable Declining (10) Unfavourable No Change (1)
UnitFeatureConditionArea (ha)Assessed
TQ510011 — Unfavourable Recovering 29.13 2024-03-22
TQ515004 — Favourable 112.36 2008-11-27
TV496979 — Unfavourable Declining 71.53 2024-04-23
TV501974 — Favourable 35.36 2009-03-24
TV516985 — Favourable 114.41 2010-08-03
TV518977 — Unfavourable No Change 9.73 2014-01-16
TV525984 — Unfavourable Declining 193.07 2024-05-30
TV532974 — Unfavourable Declining 30.15 2024-05-30
TV538966 — Favourable 69.95 2009-03-24
TV542968 — Unfavourable Declining 106.0 2024-05-30
TV554971 — Unfavourable Declining 106.0 2024-05-30
TV558958 — Unfavourable Declining 20.75 2024-04-23
TV568955 — Unfavourable Declining 41.93 2024-04-23
TV574964 — Unfavourable Declining 150.24 2024-03-22
TV578959 — Unfavourable Declining 150.24 2024-03-22
TV591954 — Favourable 80.53 2010-10-26
TV593963 — Unfavourable Declining 150.24 2024-03-22
TV605972 — Favourable 43.5 2007-11-19

Climate exposure

This is about exposure to a nationwide pressure this habitat type carries — not a verdict on this site's own management.

Coastal

Coastal habitats are exposed to sea-level rise and storm erosion. Where hard sea defences sit behind them, there's nowhere landward to retreat to — a squeeze that keeps compressing the habitat no matter how well it's managed.

Habitats

Coastal vegetated shingle, Fast flowing river and stream, Lowland fen, Mixed scrub, Montane scrub, Salt marsh

Geology & landscape

Geological Feature: Cave / Cavern · Geological Period: Cretaceous · Rock Type: Chalk, Flint, Greensand

Landscape processes: Coastal, Fluvial, Glacial, Karst, Periglacial

Birds & fish recorded

Birds

SpeciesSeason
fulmar Breeding
fulmar Passage
lesser whitethroat Breeding
lesser whitethroat Passage
peregrine Breeding
peregrine Passage
snipe Breeding
snipe Passage
snipe Wintering
stonechat Breeding
stonechat Passage
teal Breeding
teal Passage
teal Wintering
whitethroat Breeding
whitethroat Passage
wigeon Breeding
wigeon Passage
wigeon Wintering

Description

Description Seaford to Beachy Head is an outstanding site of national importance for its biological and geological features. The diverse range of habitats includes herb rich chalk grassland, chalk heath a unique, rare habitat on chalk soils, maritime grassland, foreshore and chalk cliffs, river meanders and Greensand reef. Together, these habitats support a number of nationally rare, nationally scarce and nationally significant plants, invertebrates and birds. The cliffs and chalk platform beneath, the Greensand reef and the chalk escarpment at Cow Gap are identified in the Geological Conservation Review as outstanding for their geological and geomorphological interest. General Description The site lies at the eastern end of the South Downs which terminate in the chalk cliffs of the Seven Sisters. The majority of the site, therefore, lies on chalk but the River Cuckmere breaches the cliffs to form a broad alluvial valley. There is also a distinct coastal zone which includes all of the geological interest. Biology a. Terrestrial Chalk Habitats These habitats include species rich chalk grassland, scrub and woodland and a small area of the rare chalk heath. The chalk grassland flora is variable, due to local differences in climatic influence but the dominant species include sheep's fescue Festuca ovina, upright brome Bromus erectus, for grass Brachypodium pinnatum and glaucous sedge Carex flacca. A characteristic feature of the site is the unusual predominance of southern elements of the British flora, these include rock sea lavender Limonium binervosum, sea radish Raphanus maritimus and rock samphire Ceithmum maritimum on the steep chalk cliffs. On the cliff top and further inland, species characteristic of this southern flora are round headed rampion, Phyteuma orbiculare, burnt orchid Neotinea ustulata, field fleawort Senecio integrifolius, moon carrot Seseli libanotis, small hare's ear Bupleurum baldense and early spider orchid Ophrys sphegodes. The site also represents the most easterly location in Britain of several plants which have a predominantly south western distribution. Chalk heath communities have developed at this site on neutral loess soils and contain both plants adapted to growing in acidic soils calcifuges and those adapted to growing in basic soils calcicoles. This rare habitat is characterised here by species such as heather ling Calluna vulgaris and occasional bell heather Erica cinerea growing amongst typical downland herbs. Belts of pure gorse Ulex europaeus dominate much of the scrub but mixed scrub is also present with blackthorn Prunus spinosa, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare. Horseshoe Plantation is the only well developed wood find consists of sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus, ash Fraxinus excelsior and English elm Ulmus procera. The invertebrate fauna includes two nationally rare species, the cranefly Gonomyia conoviensis and the moth Jordanita globulariae. The scrub and downland also support important invertebrate populations, including colonies of the silver spotted skipper and Adonis blue butterflies and several uncommon moths. The site is also important for its breeding bird populations, including peregrine falcon, fulmar, green woodpecker, stonechat, lesser whitethroat and yellowhammer and is nationally significant for the numbers of passage birds, which use the Downs as a route finding landmark. Over two hundred species of birds on passage have been recorded from Beachy Head alone. b. Alluvial Habitats The River Cuckmere has been canalised in its lower reaches but the meanders have been retained, although they now receive little tidal water. The alluvial meadows and drainage ditches which dissect them, are important for the number of unusual plants they support. The main components of the meadows are sea barley Hordeum marinum, cock's foot grass Dactylis glomerata and rye grass Lolium perenne. Also present are the nationally rare red star thistle Centaurea calcitrapa and the locally uncommon adder's tongue fern Ophioglossum vulgatum and slender hare's ear Bupleurum tenuissimum. The drainage ditches are generally freshwater or brackish and prominent species include round fruited rush Juncus compressus, common reed Phragmites australis and sea club rush Bolboschoenus maritimus. More unusual plants are golden dock Rumex maritimus, marsh dock Rumex palustris and the water starwort Callitriche truncata. Common reed dominates the 5 hectare Charleston reed bed and forms the ground flora beneath a small area of crack willow Salix fragilis woodland. Saltmarsh communities, developed over clays and silts, line the canalised and upper reaches of the river. Bare muds by the water's edge have been colonised by glassworts Salicornia species, but above this is a mixed community of sea purslane Atriplex portulacoides, sea aster Aster tripolium and, less commonly, rock samphire Crithmum maritimum and annual seablite Suaeda maritima. On slightly higher ground is a turf of sea couch grass Elytrigia atherica, common cord grass Spartina anglica and greater sea spurrey Spergularia media. The Cuckmere valley is also important for breeding birds and for the nationally significant number and diversity of birds recorded on passage. The alluvial meadows, although rarely flooded, are also important for overwintering species, including teal, wigeon and snipe. The bush cricket Tettigonia viridissima has been recorded in grazing meadows near the sea. c. Coastal Habitats These comprise the shingle bank which has developed either side of the mouth of the Cuckmere and the cliff and foreshore with their attendant geological interest. The shingle is sparsely vegetated but supports a representative flora, with curled dock Rumex crispus, sea beet Beta vulgaris sp maritima, yellow horned poppy Glaucium flavum and sea bindweed Calystegia soldanella. The shingle bank carries a number of uncommon centipedes, some of which have been recorded from nowhere else in the UK. d. Marine Habitats Large areas of chalk foreshore are found in this site with a good representation of the main intertidal habitats characteristic of this shore type in the south east. The chalk shores of the Biding Gap area are particularly rich in algae and amongst the best, phycologically, in Sussex. A few elements of algal assemblages characteristic of the splash zone on chalk are present on the cliffs and in caves. Upper mid littoral levels are dominated by barnacles and limpets, but a dense fucoid wrack canopy with foliose algal understorey is present from the middle shore downwards and the rock bored by several species of piddock and the worm Polydora spp. Large rock pools and runnels with flowing water often contain prolific algal growths with a considerable variety of green, brown and red seaweeds present. Deep, steep sided gullies on the lower shore have 'interesting algal and invertebrate communities with characteristic algal assemblages found in sandy and muddy areas. The Pound, at the eastern end of the site, is a very complex foreshore comprising eroded reefs, approximately parallel to the coastline, with channels, pools and lagoons between them floored by soft clay and chalk. The seaward side of the area is bounded by a high barrier reef of Upper Greensand; communities on the outer, wave exposed side of this contrast with those of more sheltered conditions on the inner side. The lagoonal system within this barrier contains interesting and unusual plant and animal assemblages and several species rare for south eastern England. It is one of the most important marine sites in the region. The presence of deep pools on the shore enables shallow and littoral algal species, including the large kelps, to be found. Japanese seaweed Sargassum muticum has also invaded the site. The rock overhangs are rich in invertebrates, including sponges and tunicates, as are the undersides of boulders in the lagoons. Piddocks are dense in the soft rock flooring the lagoons and there is a rich sessile and free living fauna. Geology The site is important for earth science interests, particularly for its chalk stratigraphy, periglacial geomorphology and the study of chalk landscape evolution. The cliff section between Seaford and Cuckmere provides extensive stratigraphically complete exposures of Coniacian, Santonian and lowermost Campanian aged Chalk and includes the Lewes, Seaford and Newhaven Chalk Members. The site contains the candidate Global Stratotype sections for the bases of the Santonian and Campanian Stages as well as the recognised stratotypes for the Seaford Chalk and other units of the underlying Lewes Chalk. The section has been well documented over the past hundred years, both for its rich fossil faunas and sedimentological features. The latter includes calcarenite chalks, now interpreted as the product of slumping and synsedimentary tectonics. Recent studies using both fossil faunas and sedimentological data have assisted in the construction and interpretation of Upper Cretaceous sea level curves and schemes of sequence stratigraphy reflecting both tectonic events within the basin and extra basinal global changes in sea level. Birling Gap is a key site for periglacial geomorphology and the study of chalk landscape evolution. The sea cliffs at Birling Gap provide the best example of a complete cross section through a dry valley anywhere in Britain. A complex series of solifluction deposits on the floor of the valley overlie deeply weathered chalk. The deposits have been affected by large scale contortions which may have originated when permafrost melted at the end of the Devensian Stage. A well developed layer of these involutions underlies the valley sides, merging into the solifluction deposits on the valley floor. Cow Gap is an important site for another aspect of periglacial geomorphology and the study of chalk landscape evolution. It is one of a set of otherwise unique amphitheatre like embayments cut into the face of the Chalk escarpment between Eastbourne and Beachy Head. These features are thought to have been produced by bodies of snow or ice under very cold climatic conditions, which developed at some stage before the late Devensian. Cow Gap, which is truncated by the cliff line, provides the best known exposure of the deposits related to a scarp face embayment The infill deposits are the product of solifluction and sediments deposited by meltwater and preserve an important sequence of Devensian Late glacial and Flandrian molluscan faunas and a late glacial fossil soil. Beachy Head Cave is the largest and best developed example in Britain of a phreatic conduitin chalk. It is the only cave of this type with any significant length of accessible passage. The cave was formed by water flowing at high pressure beneath the water table. It is therefore important for demonstrating the role and existence of conduit flow is chalk. The age of the cave is unknown, but it is clear that it is a relict example of the passages that extend beneath currently active chalk sinks. Seaford Beachy Head is a key site for coastal geomorphology, comprising a cliff beach shore platform system developed on chalk. The site includes the classic coastal cliffs of Beachy Head and the Seven Sisters. In contrast with the cliffs at Foreness Point Kent and Kingsdown Dover Kent where structural controls prevail, the plan of the Seaford Beachy Head coastline is controlled primarily by wave energy; with the dominant and prevailing wave energy from the southwest. The beach is one of six major south west facing beaches in southern England and all of the others differ significantly in geological characteristics. In addition the beach is the most rapidly and consistently fed by flint from cliff falls. Other Information This site occurs within the South Downs Natural Area. Seaford to Beachy Head is described in ` A Nature Conservation Review' N C R and will be listed in 'A Geological Conservation Review' GCR. The site lies within the Sussex Downs Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty AONB. The Seven Sisters Country Park and part of the Heritage Coast lie within the site and are managed by the Sussex Downs Conservation Board. Seaford Head Local Nature Reserve LNR is managed by Lewes District Council.

Species mentioned

English name
search for this in other sites		 Latin name
search with Google		 IUCN / Red List Type Family
japweed Sargassum muticum Not listed in GB list algae brown sargassaceae
stonechat Saxicola torquatus Not listed in GB list bird muscicapidae
yellowhammer Emberiza citrinella LC (Breeding) bird-bunting emberizidae
teal Anas crecca LC (NonBreeding), LC (Breeding) bird-duck anatidae
wigeon Mareca penelope LC (NonBreeding), NT (Breeding) bird-duck anatidae
fulmar Fulmarus glacialis CR (Breeding) bird-fulmar procellariidae
peregrine Falco peregrinus LC (Breeding) bird-hawk falconidae
snipe Gallinago gallinago DD (NonBreeding) bird-snipe scolopacidae
whitethroat Sylvia communis Not listed in GB list bird-warbler sylviidae
lesser whitethroat Sylvia curruca Not listed in GB list bird-warbler sylviidae
green woodpecker Picus viridis LC (Breeding) bird-woodpecker picidae
great green bush-cricket Tettigonia viridissima LC bush cricket tettigoniidae
cranefly Gonomyia conoviensis Not listed in GB list cranefly limoniidae
adders-tongue fern Ophioglossum vulgatum LC fern ophioglossaceae
tor grass Brachypodium pinnatum LC grass poaceae
upright brome Bromus erectus Not listed in GB list grass poaceae
cock's foot Dactylis glomerata LC grass poaceae
sea couch Elytrigia atherica Not listed in GB list grass poaceae
sheep's fescue Festuca ovina LC grass poaceae
sea barley Hordeum marinum VU grass poaceae
perennial rye-grass Lolium perenne LC grass poaceae
common reed Phragmites australis LC grass poaceae
common cord grass Spartina anglica LC grass poaceae
sea aster Aster tripolium Not listed in GB list herb asteraceae
sea beet Beta vulgaris sp maritima Not listed in GB list herb chenopodiaceae
small hare's-ear Bupleurum baldense EN herb apiaceae
slender hare's ear Bupleurum tenuissimum LC herb apiaceae
water starwort Callitriche truncata LC herb callitrichaceae
sea bindweed Calystegia soldanella LC herb convolvulaceae
red star thistle Centaurea calcitrapa VU herb asteraceae
rock samphire Crithmum maritimum LC herb apiaceae
yellow horned poppy Glaucium flavum LC herb papaveraceae
rock sea lavender Limonium binervosum LC herb plumbaginaceae
burnt orchid Neotinea ustulata EN herb orchidaceae
early spider orchid Ophrys sphegodes LC herb orchidaceae
round headed rampion Phyteuma orbiculare LC herb campanulaceae
sea radish Raphanus maritimus Not listed in GB list herb brassicaceae
curled doc Rumex crispus LC herb polygonaceae
golden dock Rumex maritimus NT herb polygonaceae
marsh dock Rumex palustris NT herb polygonaceae
field fleawort Senecio integrifolius Not listed in GB list herb asteraceae
moon carrot Seseli libanotis NT herb apiaceae
greater sea spurrey Spergularia media LC herb carophyllaceae
common seablite Suaeda maritima LC herb amaranthaceae
scarce forester Jordanita globulariae R moth zygaenidae
round fruited rush Juncus compressus VU rush juncaceae
sea club rush Bolboschoenus maritimus LC sedge cyperaceae
glaucus sedge Carex flacca LC sedge cyperaceae
hawthorn Crataegus monogyna LC shrub rosaceae
wild privet Ligustrum vulgare LC shrub oleaceae
blackthorn Prunus spinosa LC shrub rosaceae
gorse Ulex europaeus LC shrub leguminosae
wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana LC shrub caprifoliaceae
sea purslane Atriplex portulacoides LC shrub dwarf chenopodiaceae
bell heather or ling Calluna vulgaris NT shrub dwarf ericaceae
bell heather Erica cinerea NT shrub dwarf ericaceae
sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus Not listed in GB list tree aceraceae
ash Fraxinus excelsior LC tree oleaceae
English elm Ulmus procera LC tree ulmaceae
crack willow Salix fragilis Not listed in GB list tree shrub salicaceae

Plant communities

A9 — Fast flowing river and stream, Marginal and inundation, Pond ditch and canal, Sluggish river and stream

Potamogeton natans community

Schoenoplectus lacustris, Juncus bulbosus, Sparganium angustifolium, Sparganium erectum, Sparganium minimum, Alisma plantago-aquatica, Lobelia dortmanna, Equisetum fluviatile, Myriophyllum alterniflorum, Elodea canadensis, Lemna minor, Lemna trisulca, Nymphaea alba, Callitriche platycarpa, Callitriche stagnalis, Littorella uniflora, Potamogeton natans, Ranunculus trichophyllus, Glyceria fluitans, Chara subspinosa

A14 — Fast flowing river and stream

Myriophyllum alterniflorum community

Isolepis fluitans, Juncus bulbosus, Fontinalis antipyretica, Lobelia dortmanna, Equisetum fluviatile, Myriophyllum alterniflorum, Lemna minor, Callitriche stagnalis, Littorella uniflora, Potamogeton filiformis, Potamogeton gramineus, Potamogeton natans, Ranunculus peltatus, Chara spp., Nitella hyalina

A17 — Chalk river and stream, Fast flowing river and stream

Ranunculus penicillatus ssp. pseudofluitans community

Berula erecta, Nasturtium officinale, Elodea canadensis, Lemna minor, Callitriche stagnalis, Veronica beccabunga, Polygonum amphibium, Polygonum hydropiper, Potamogeton crispus, Potamogeton pectinatus, Ranunculus penicillatus ssp. pseudofluitans

A18 — Fast flowing river and stream

Ranunculus fluitans community

Fontinalis antipyretica, Fontinalis squamosa var. curnowii, Myriophyllum alterniflorum, Myriophyllum spicatum, Elodea canadensis, Mentha aquatica, Lemna gibba, Lemna minor, Potamogeton perfoliatus, Ranunculus fluitans, Glyceria fluitans, Phalaris arundinacea

M9 — Lowland fen, Upland spring flush

Carex rostrata-Calliergon cuspidatum/giganteum mire

Salix cinerea, Salix repens, Betula pubescens, Carex appropinquata, Carex demissa, Carex diandra, Carex dioica, Carex echinata, Carex flacca, Carex hostiana, Carex lasiocarpa, Carex lepidocarpa, Carex limosa, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex paniculata, Carex rostrata, Carex serotina, Cladium mariscus, Eriophorum angustifolium, Schoenus nigricans, Eleocharis quinqueflora, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus bulbosus, Juncus subnodulosus, Aulacomnium palustre, Bryum pseudotriquetrum, Plagiomnium affine, Plagiomnium elatum, Plagiomnium rostratum, Plagiomnium undulatum, Rhizomnium pseudopunctatum, Calliergon cordifolium, Calliergon giganteum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Climacium dendroides, Cratoneuron filicinum, Ctenidium molluscum, Hylocomium splendens, Palustriella commutatum, Scorpidium revolvens, Scorpidium scorpioides, Sphagnum contortum, Sphagnum fallax, Sphagnum inundatum, Sphagnum subnitens, Sphagnum warnstorfii, Aneura pinguis, Angelica sylvestris, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Caltha palustris, Cirsium palustre, Crepis paludosa, Eupatorium cannabinum, Cardamine pratensis, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana dioica, Valeriana officinalis, Silene flos-cuculi, Parnassia palustris, Drosera rotundifolia, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Pyrola rotundifolia, Lotus pedunculatus, Vicia cracca, Triglochin palustre, Mentha aquatica, Pinguicula vulgaris, Utricularia spp., Lythrum salicaria, Menyanthes trifoliata, Narthecium ossifragum, Epilobium palustre, Dactylorhiza fuchsii, Dactylorhiza incarnata, Dactylorhiza purpurella, Pedicularis palustris, Potamogeton polygonifolius, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus flammula, Ranunculus lingua, Comarum palustre, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum rivale, Potentilla erecta, Galium palustre, Galium uliginosum, Scutellaria galericulata, Viola palustris, Agrostis stolonifera, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Phragmites australis

M13 — Lowland fen

Schoenus nigricans-Juncus subnodulosus mire

Calluna vulgaris, Erica tetralix, Myrica gale, Carex diandra, Carex dioica, Carex elata, Carex flacca, Carex hostiana, Carex lepidocarpa, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex pulicaris, Carex rostrata, Cladium mariscus, Eriophorum angustifolium, Eriophorum latifolium, Isolepis setacea, Schoenus nigricans, Eleocharis quinqueflora, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus subnodulosus, Luzula multiflora, Selaginella selaginoides, Aulacomnium palustre, Bryum pseudotriquetrum, Philonotis calcarea, Plagiomnium elatum, Plagiomnium rostratum, Rhizomnium punctatum, Fissidens adianthoides, Brachythecium rutabulum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Cratoneuron filicinum, Ctenidium molluscum, Palustriella commutatum, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Scorpidium revolvens, Sphagnum subnitens, Lophocolea bidentata, Aneura pinguis, Pellia endiviifolia, Riccardia chamedryfolia, Riccardia multifida, Angelica sylvestris, Oenanthe lachenalii, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Caltha palustris, Centaurea nigra, Cirsium dissectum, Cirsium palustre, Eupatorium cannabinum, Leontodon saxatilis, Serratula tinctoria, Taraxacum officianalis, Cardamine pratensis, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana dioica, Valeriana officinalis, Silene flos-cuculi, Parnassia palustris, Drosera rotundifolia, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus pedunculatus, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Hypericum pulchrum, Hypericum tetrapterum, Triglochin palustre, Mentha aquatica, Pinguicula vulgaris, Utricularia spp., Linum catharticum, Lythrum salicaria, Menyanthes trifoliata, Epilobium palustre, Dactylorhiza fuchsii, Dactylorhiza incarnata, Dactylorhiza praetermissa, Dactylorhiza purpurella, Dactylorhiza traunsteinerioides, Epipactis palustris, Gymnadenia conopsea, Ophrys insectifera, Euphrasia officinalis, Pedicularis palustris, Plantago maritima, Polygala vulgaris, Potamogeton coloratus, Anagallis tenella, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus flammula, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla erecta, Galium palustre, Galium uliginosum, Agrostis canina, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Briza media, Danthonia decumbens, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Phragmites australis

M22 — Coastal floodplain grazing marsh, Lowland fen, Purple moor grass and rush pasture

Juncus subnodulosus-Cirsium palustre fen-meadow

Salix cinerea, Solanum dulcamara, Carex acutiformis, Carex disticha, Carex elata, Carex flacca, Carex hirta, Carex lepidocarpa, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex rostrata, Cladium mariscus, Eriophorum angustifolium, Eleocharis palustris, Eleocharis uniglumis, Juncus articulatus, Juncus effusus, Juncus inflexus, Juncus subnodulosus, Luzula multiflora, Plagiomnium affine, Plagiomnium rostratum, Plagiomnium undulatum, Rhizomnium punctatum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Cratoneuron filicinum, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Lophocolea bidentata, Angelica sylvestris, Berula erecta, Oenanthe lachenalii, Thyselium palustre, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Achillea ptarmica, Caltha palustris, Centaurea nigra, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium dissectum, Cirsium palustre, Eupatorium cannabinum, Pulicaria dysenterica, Myosotis laxa, Myosotis scorpioides, Cardamine pratensis, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana dioica, Valeriana officinalis, Cerastium fontanum, Silene flos-cuculi, Stellaria palustris, Calystegia sepium, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus pedunculatus, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Hypericum tetrapterum, Iris pseudacorus, Triglochin palustre, Ajuga reptans, Lycopus europaeus, Mentha aquatica, Lemna minor, Lythrum salicaria, Menyanthes trifoliata, Epilobium hirsutum, Epilobium palustre, Epilobium parviflorum, Dactylorhiza fuchsii, Dactylorhiza incarnata, Dactylorhiza praetermissa, Epipactis palustris, Pedicularis palustris, Rhinanthus minor, Plantago lanceolata, Veronica beccabunga, Polygonum amphibium, Rumex acetosa, Rumex conglomeratus, Rumex sanguineus, Lysimachia vulgaris, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus flammula, Ranunculus repens, Thalictrum flavum, Comarum palustre, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla anserina, Potentilla erecta, Potentilla reptans, Galium palustre, Galium uliginosum, Scrophularia auriculata, Scutellaria galericulata, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Briza media, Calamagrostis canescens, Cynosurus cristatus, Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Phalaris arundinacea, Phleum pratense, Phragmites australis, Poa trivialis, Schedonorus arundinaceus, Ophioglossum vulgatum, Thelypteris palustris

M24 — Coastal floodplain grazing marsh, Lowland fen, Purple moor grass and rush pasture

Molinia caerulea-Cirsium dissectum fen-meadow

Salix cinerea, Salix repens, Alnus glutinosa, Calluna vulgaris, Erica tetralix, Carex hostiana, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex pulicaris, Cladium mariscus, Eriophorum angustifolium, Schoenus nigricans, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus conglomeratus, Juncus effusus, Juncus subnodulosus, Luzula multiflora, Aulacomnium palustre, Brachythecium rutabulum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Hypnum cupressiforme, Kindbergia praelonga, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Thuidium tamariscinum, Sphagnum auriculatum, Sphagnum subnitens, Angelica sylvestris, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Achillea ptarmica, Centaurea nigra, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium dissectum, Cirsium palustre, Eupatorium cannabinum, Leontodon saxatilis, Pulicaria dysenterica, Senecio aquaticus, Serratula tinctoria, Cardamine pratensis, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana dioica, Cerastium fontanum, Silene flos-cuculi, Drosera rotundifolia, Equisetum palustre, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus pedunculatus, Trifolium pratense, Vicia cracca, Hypericum tetrapterum, Hypericum undulatum, Mentha aquatica, Scutellaria minor, Linum catharticum, Lythrum salicaria, Narthecium ossifragum, Dactylorhiza fuchsii, Dactylorhiza incarnata, Dactylorhiza maculata, Epipactis palustris, Gymnadenia conopsea, Pedicularis sylvatica, Plantago lanceolata, Polygala vulgaris, Rumex acetosa, Anagallis tenella, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus flammula, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla anserina, Potentilla erecta, Potentilla reptans, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium palustre, Galium uliginosum, Galium verum, Viola palustris, Agrostis canina, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Briza media, Danthonia decumbens, Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Phragmites australis

M25 — Blanket bog, Coastal floodplain grazing marsh, Lowland fen, Purple moor grass and rush pasture, Upland acid grassland

Molinia caerulea-Potentilla erecta mire

Salix cinerea, Calluna vulgaris, Erica tetralix, Myrica gale, Vaccinium oxycoccos, Ulex europaeus, Ulex gallii, Carex echinata, Carex flacca, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Eriophorum angustifolium, Schoenus nigricans, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus effusus, Juncus subnodulosus, Luzula campestris, Luzula multiflora, Aulacomnium palustre, Pohlia nutans, Calliergon giganteum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Hypnum jutlandicum, Kindbergia praelonga, Pleurozium schreberi, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Polytrichum commune, Sphagnum auriculatum, Sphagnum capillifolium, Sphagnum fallax, Sphagnum palustre, Sphagnum papillosum, Sphagnum subnitens, Calypogeia fissa, Cephalozia bicuspidata, Lophocolea bidentata, Lophozia ventricosa, Angelica sylvestris, Carum verticillatum, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Achillea ptarmica, Centaurea nigra, Cirsium palustre, Eupatorium cannabinum, Pulicaria dysenterica, Serratula tinctoria, Cardamine pratensis, Lobelia urens, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana officinalis, Equisetum palustre, Lotus pedunculatus, Hypericum pulchrum, Hypericum tetrapterum, Mentha aquatica, Scutellaria minor, Menyanthes trifoliata, Narthecium ossifragum, Epilobium palustre, Dactylorhiza maculata, Rumex acetosa, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus flammula, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla erecta, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium palustre, Viola palustris, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis curtisii, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Danthonia decumbens, Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta, Phragmites australis, Dryopteris carthusiana, Osmunda regalis

M27 — Limestone pavement, Lowland fen, Upland spring flush

Filipendula ulmaria-Angelica sylvestris mire

Carex acutiformis, Carex appropinquata, Carex disticha, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex paniculata, Carex rostrata, Carex vesicaria, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus conglomeratus, Juncus effusus, Juncus inflexus, Juncus subnodulosus, Sparganium erectum, Plagiomnium elatum, Plagiomnium undulatum, Rhizomnium punctatum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Calliergon cordifolium, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Kindbergia praelonga, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Thuidium tamariscinum, Chiloscyphus pallescens, Lophocolea bidentata, Angelica sylvestris, Heracleum sphondylium, Oenanthe crocata, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Achillea ptarmica, Caltha palustris, Centaurea nigra, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium heterophyllum, Cirsium palustre, Crepis paludosa, Eupatorium cannabinum, Pulicaria dysenterica, Senecio aquaticus, Myosotis scorpioides, Cardamine flexuosa, Cardamine pratensis, Cochlearia pyrenaica, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana officinalis, Silene flos-cuculi, Stellaria alsine, Stellaria graminea, Calystegia sepium, Equisetum arvense, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus pedunculatus, Vicia cracca, Iris pseudacorus, Ajuga reptans, Mentha aquatica, Lythrum salicaria, Epilobium hirsutum, Epilobium obscurum, Epilobium palustre, Polygonum amphibium, Polygonum hydropiper, Rumex acetosa, Rumex crispus, Rumex sanguineus, Lysimachia vulgaris, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus flammula, Ranunculus repens, Thalictrum flavum, Trollius europaeus, Alchemilla glabra, Comarum palustre, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum rivale, Potentilla anserina, Potentilla reptans, Rubus fruticosus agg., Sanguisorba officinalis, Galium aparine, Galium palustre, Galium uliginosum, Urtica dioica, Viola palustris, Agrostis canina, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Glyceria maxima, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Phalaris arundinacea, Phleum pratense, Phragmites australis, Poa pratensis, Poa trivialis, Pteridium aquilinum

M28 — Lowland fen

Iris pseudacorus-Filipendula ulmaria mire

Bolboschoenus maritimus, Carex otrubae, Eleocharis palustris, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus effusus, Juncus inflexus, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Kindbergia praelonga, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Lophocolea bidentata, Angelica sylvestris, Oenanthe crocata, Oenanthe lachenalii, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Caltha palustris, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium palustre, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Myosotis laxa, Cardamine pratensis, Valeriana officinalis, Silene flos-cuculi, Stellaria alsine, Stellaria media agg., Atriplex prostrata, Equisetum palustre, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus pedunculatus, Vicia cracca, Geranium robertianum, Iris pseudacorus, Triglochin maritimum, Galeopsis tetrahit, Lycopus europaeus, Mentha aquatica, Stachys palustris, Lythrum salicaria, Montia fontana, Epilobium palustre, Plantago lanceolata, Polygonum hydropiper, Rumex acetosa, Rumex conglomeratus, Rumex crispus, Glaux maritima, Samolus valerandi, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus repens, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla anserina, Galium aparine, Galium palustre, Galium uliginosum, Scutellaria galericulata, Urtica dioica, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Dactylis glomerata, Deschampsia cespitosa, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Phragmites australis, Poa pratensis, Poa trivialis, Schedonorus arundinaceus, Dryopteris expansa

MC6 — Coastal vegetated shingle, Hard cliff and cliff slope

Atriplex prostrata-Beta vulgaris ssp. maritima sea-bird cliff community

Daucus carota, Sonchus oleraceus, Taraxacum officianalis, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Cochlearia officinalis, Silene uniflora, Spergularia rupicola, Atriplex hastata, Malva arborea, Plantago coronopus, Armeria maritima, Polygonum aviculare, Rumex crispus, Bromus hordeaceous, Catapodium marinum, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca rubra

S1 — Lowland fen

Carex elata swamp

Salix cinerea, Solanum dulcamara, Carex elata, Carex nigra, Cladium mariscus, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus subnodulosus, Brachythecium rutabulum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Kindbergia praelonga, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Berula erecta, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Caltha palustris, Cirsium palustre, Eupatorium cannabinum, Cardamine pratensis, Equisetum palustre, Lycopus europaeus, Mentha aquatica, Lythrum salicaria, Menyanthes trifoliata, Epilobium palustre, Epipactis palustris, Rumex acetosa, Ranunculus lingua, Comarum palustre, Galium palustre, Viola palustris, Agrostis canina, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Holcus lanatus, Phragmites australis

S2 — Lowland fen

Cladium mariscus swamp and sedge-beds

Salix cinerea, Myrica gale, Solanum dulcamara, Carex elata, Carex lasiocarpa, Carex panicea, Carex rostrata, Cladium mariscus, Juncus subnodulosus, Fissidens adianthoides, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Scorpidium scorpioides, Sphagnum subnitens, Riccardia multifida, Caltha palustris, Equisetum palustre, Mentha aquatica, Utricularia intermedia, Utricularia minor, Lythrum salicaria, Menyanthes trifoliata, Hippuris vulgaris, Comarum palustre, Galium palustre, Phragmites australis, Chara subspinosa

S3 — Lowland fen, Nutrient rich eutrophic lake

Carex paniculata swamp

Solanum dulcamara, Carex paniculata, Carex riparia, Sparganium erectum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Kindbergia praelonga, Angelica sylvestris, Oenanthe crocata, Caltha palustris, Cirsium palustre, Eupatorium cannabinum, Myosotis scorpioides, Cardamine pratensis, Equisetum fluviatile, Lotus pedunculatus, Lycopus europaeus, Mentha aquatica, Lemna minor, Epilobium hirsutum, Epilobium palustre, Rumex acetosa, Rumex hydrolapathum, Comarum palustre, Filipendula ulmaria, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium aparine, Galium palustre, Scutellaria galericulata, Urtica dioica, Viola palustris, Molinia caerulea, Phragmites australis, Dryopteris dilatata, Athyrium filix-femina, Typha latifolia

S4 — Lowland fen, Nutrient rich eutrophic lake, Reedbed

Phragmites australis swamp and reed-beds

Salix cinerea, Atriplex portulacoides, Solanum dulcamara, Bolboschoenus maritimus, Carex acuta, Carex lasiocarpa, Carex otrubae, Carex panicea, Carex pseudocyperus, Carex riparia, Carex rostrata, Cladium mariscus, Eriophorum angustifolium, Eleocharis palustris, Juncus articulatus, Juncus bulbosus, Juncus effusus, Juncus gerardii, Juncus maritimus, Juncus subnodulosus, Sparganium erectum, Sparganium minimum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Leptodictyum riparium, Sphagnum fallax, Suaeda maritima, Angelica sylvestris, Apium graveolens, Berula erecta, Cicuta virosa, Oenanthe crocata, Oenanthe fistulosa, Oenanthe lachenalii, Sium latifolium, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Sonchus arvensis, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Myosotis laxa, Myosotis scorpioides, Cardamine pratensis, Cochlearia anglica, Cochlearia officinalis, Silene flos-cuculi, Atriplex hastata, Atriplex littoralis, Salicornia dolichostachya, Calystegia sepium, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Lotus pedunculatus, Iris pseudacorus, Triglochin maritimum, Lycopus europaeus, Mentha aquatica, Lemna minor, Utricularia intermedia, Utricularia minor, Lythrum salicaria, Menyanthes trifoliata, Nymphaea alba, Epilobium hirsutum, Callitriche stagnalis, Hippuris vulgaris, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium vulgare, Rumex crispus, Rumex hydrolapathum, Potamogeton gramineus, Potamogeton natans, Potamogeton polygonifolius, Glaux maritima, Ranunculus flammula, Ranunculus lingua, Ranunculus sceleratus, Comarum palustre, Filipendula ulmaria, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium aparine, Galium palustre, Galium uliginosum, Urtica dioica, Agrostis stolonifera, Elytrigia atherica, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Glyceria fluitans, Glyceria maxima, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Phalaris arundinacea, Phragmites australis, Poa trivialis, Puccinellia maritima, Typha angustifolia, Typha latifolia, Chara subspinosa

S5 — Coastal floodplain grazing marsh, Lowland fen, Nutrient rich eutrophic lake

Glyceria maxima swamp

Solanum dulcamara, Carex acuta, Carex otrubae, Carex riparia, Juncus effusus, Sparganium erectum, Riccia fluitans, Alisma plantago-aquatica, Angelica sylvestris, Apium inundatum, Berula erecta, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium palustre, Eupatorium cannabinum, Myosotis scorpioides, Nasturtium officinale, Calystegia sepium, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Iris pseudacorus, Glechoma hederacea, Lycopus europaeus, Mentha aquatica, Lemna minor, Lythrum salicaria, Nymphaea alba, Epilobium hirsutum, Callitriche stagnalis, Polygonum amphibium, Rumex crispus, Rumex hydrolapathum, Rumex obtusifolius, Ficaria verna, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus repens, Filipendula ulmaria, Galium aparine, Galium palustre, Urtica dioica, Alopecurus pratensis, Glyceria maxima, Phalaris arundinacea, Phragmites australis, Poa trivialis

S6 — Coastal floodplain grazing marsh, Lowland fen, Nutrient rich eutrophic lake

Carex riparia swamp

Solanum dulcamara, Carex acuta, Carex elata, Carex riparia, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus effusus, Sparganium erectum, Calliergon giganteum, Angelica sylvestris, Oenanthe crocata, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium palustre, Eupatorium cannabinum, Myosotis scorpioides, Cardamine pratensis, Nasturtium officinale, Valeriana officinalis, Calystegia sepium, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Lycopus europaeus, Mentha aquatica, Nymphaea alba, Epilobium hirsutum, Epilobium palustre, Callitriche stagnalis, Polygonum amphibium, Polygonum hydropiper, Rumex crispus, Rumex hydrolapathum, Filipendula ulmaria, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium aparine, Galium palustre, Scutellaria galericulata, Urtica dioica, Agrostis stolonifera, Phalaris arundinacea, Phragmites australis, Poa trivialis, Dryopteris dilatata, Typha angustifolia, Typha latifolia

S7 — Coastal floodplain grazing marsh, Lowland fen

Carex acutiformis swamp

Solanum dulcamara, Carex acutiformis, Carex paniculata, Juncus effusus, Juncus inflexus, Sparganium erectum, Brachythecium rivulare, Angelica sylvestris, Cicuta virosa, Caltha palustris, Cirsium palustre, Cardamine amara, Valeriana officinalis, Stellaria alsine, Equisetum palustre, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus pedunculatus, Mentha aquatica, Lemna minor, Lythrum salicaria, Epilobium hirsutum, Veronica beccabunga, Polygonum aviculare, Polygonum hydropiper, Rumex crispus, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus repens, Filipendula ulmaria, Galium aparine, Galium palustre, Scutellaria galericulata, Urtica dioica, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Phalaris arundinacea, Poa trivialis, Typha latifolia

S8 — Lowland fen, Nutrient rich eutrophic lake

Scirpus lacustris ssp. lacustris swamp

Solanum dulcamara, Carex canescens, Carex nigra, Carex rostrata, Schoenoplectus lacustris, Eleocharis palustris, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus bulbosus, Juncus conglomeratus, Juncus effusus, Sparganium angustifolium, Sparganium erectum, Alisma plantago-aquatica, Sagittaria sagittifolia, Angelica sylvestris, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Caltha palustris, Ceratophyllum demersum, Equisetum fluviatile, Myriophyllum alterniflorum, Elodea canadensis, Hydrocharis morsus-ranae, Iris pseudacorus, Lycopus europaeus, Mentha aquatica, Stachys palustris, Lemna gibba, Lemna minor, Spirodela polyrhiza, Utricularia minor, Lythrum salicaria, Menyanthes trifoliata, Nuphar lutea, Nymphaea alba, Epilobium palustre, Polygonum amphibium, Polygonum bistorta, Potamogeton lucens, Potamogeton natans, Potamogeton perfoliatus, Potamogeton polygonifolius, Ranunculus flammula, Comarum palustre, Filipendula ulmaria, Galium palustre, Solanum nigrum, Agrostis canina, Glyceria fluitans, Phragmites australis, Typha latifolia

S9 — Lowland fen, Upland spring flush

Carex rostrata swamp

Carex nigra, Carex rostrata, Eleocharis palustris, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus bulbosus, Juncus effusus, Calliergon giganteum, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Caltha palustris, Myosotis laxa, Cardamine pratensis, Lobelia dortmanna, Equisetum fluviatile, Eriocaulon aquaticum, Mentha aquatica, Menyanthes trifoliata, Nymphaea alba, Epilobium palustre, Pedicularis palustris, Littorella uniflora, Polygonum amphibium, Potamogeton natans, Potamogeton polygonifolius, Ranunculus flammula, Comarum palustre, Galium palustre, Agrostis stolonifera, Chara subspinosa

S10 — Lowland fen

Equisetum fluviatile swamp

Solanum dulcamara, Carex rostrata, Eriophorum angustifolium, Calliergon cordifolium, Alisma plantago-aquatica, Angelica sylvestris, Caltha palustris, Rorippa islandica, Equisetum fluviatile, Lemna minor, Menyanthes trifoliata, Epilobium palustre, Callitriche stagnalis, Polygonum amphibium, Polygonum hydropiper, Ranunculus flammula, Comarum palustre, Galium palustre

S11 — Lowland fen, Turlough and fluctuation mere, Upland spring flush

Carex vesicaria swamp

Carex aquatilis, Carex nigra, Carex rostrata, Carex vesicaria, Juncus effusus, Calliergon cordifolium, Kindbergia praelonga, Angelica sylvestris, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Caltha palustris, Myosotis scorpioides, Valeriana officinalis, Equisetum fluviatile, Mentha aquatica, Lythrum salicaria, Menyanthes trifoliata, Veronica scutellata, Polygonum amphibium, Rumex acetosa, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus flammula, Comarum palustre, Filipendula ulmaria, Galium palustre, Scutellaria galericulata, Agrostis canina, Deschampsia cespitosa, Glyceria fluitans, Phalaris arundinacea

S12 — Lowland fen, Nutrient rich eutrophic lake

Typha latifolia swamp

Solanum dulcamara, Carex rostrata, Schoenoplectus lacustris, Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani, Eleocharis palustris, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus effusus, Sparganium erectum, Calliergon cordifolium, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Acorus calamus, Alisma plantago-aquatica, Apium nodiflorum, Berula erecta, Cicuta virosa, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Caltha palustris, Myosotis laxa, Myosotis scorpioides, Nasturtium officinale, Chenopodium album, Equisetum fluviatile, Lycopus europaeus, Mentha aquatica, Lemna minor, Lemna trisulca, Lythrum salicaria, Menyanthes trifoliata, Chamerion angustifolium, Epilobium hirsutum, Epilobium palustre, Callitriche obtusangula, Callitriche stagnalis, Persicaria maculosa, Polygonum amphibium, Rumex crispus, Rumex hydrolapathum, Potamogeton polygonifolius, Ranunculus flammula, Ranunculus repens, Ranunculus sceleratus, Comarum palustre, Galium palustre, Urtica dioica, Agrostis canina, Agrostis stolonifera, Glyceria fluitans, Phalaris arundinacea, Typha latifolia

S13 — Lowland fen, Nutrient rich eutrophic lake

Typha angustifolia swamp

Solanum dulcamara, Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani, Juncus effusus, Calliergon cordifolium, Alisma plantago-aquatica, Calystegia sepium, Elatine hydropiper, Myriophyllum spicatum, Elodea canadensis, Iris pseudacorus, Mentha aquatica, Lemna minor, Lemna trisulca, Menyanthes trifoliata, Nymphaea alba, Epilobium hirsutum, Callitriche obtusangula, Littorella uniflora, Polygonum amphibium, Rumex hydrolapathum, Potamogeton natans, Potamogeton pectinatus, Lysimachia vulgaris, Ranunculus flammula, Agrostis stolonifera, Glyceria fluitans, Glyceria maxima, Glyceria notata, Phalaris arundinacea, Phragmites australis, Typha angustifolia, Typha latifolia

S14 — Lowland fen, Nutrient rich eutrophic lake

Sparganium erectum swamp

Solanum dulcamara, Carex acutiformis, Carex otrubae, Eleocharis palustris, Juncus articulatus, Juncus effusus, Juncus inflexus, Sparganium erectum, Alisma plantago-aquatica, Angelica sylvestris, Apium graveolens, Apium nodiflorum, Oenanthe crocata, Myosotis laxa, Myosotis scorpioides, Hesperis matronalis, Nasturtium officinale, Butomus umbellatus, Lotus pedunculatus, Hydrocharis morsus-ranae, Iris pseudacorus, Lycopus europaeus, Mentha aquatica, Lemna gibba, Lemna minor, Lemna trisulca, Wolffia arrhiza, Lythrum salicaria, Nuphar lutea, Epilobium hirsutum, Callitriche stagnalis, Veronica beccabunga, Persicaria maculosa, Polygonum amphibium, Rumex crispus, Groenlandia densa, Potamogeton natans, Ranunculus flammula, Filipendula ulmaria, Galium palustre, Scutellaria galericulata, Urtica dioica, Agrostis canina, Glyceria fluitans, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Phalaris arundinacea, Phragmites australis, Typha angustifolia, Typha latifolia

S15 — Lowland fen

Acorus calamus swamp

Salix cinerea, Solanum dulcamara, Eleocharis palustris, Juncus bufonius, Juncus effusus, Sparganium erectum, Pohlia annotina, Brachythecium rutabulum, Kindbergia praelonga, Marchantia polymorpha sens.lat., Riccia fluitans, Acorus calamus, Alisma plantago-aquatica, Angelica sylvestris, Apium nodiflorum, Cirsium palustre, Gnaphalium uliginosum, Myosotis laxa, Myosotis scorpioides, Stellaria alsine, Crassula helmsii, Lycopus europaeus, Mentha aquatica, Lemna minor, Lythrum salicaria, Chamerion angustifolium, Epilobium adenocaulon, Mimulus guttatus, Persicaria maculosa, Polygonum amphibium, Polygonum aviculare, Rumex acetosa, Rumex hydrolapathum, Potamogeton natans, Ranunculus repens, Galium palustre, Urtica dioica, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Poa trivialis, Typha latifolia

S16 — Lowland fen

Sagittaria sagittifolia swamp

Schoenoplectus lacustris, Sparganium emersum, Sparganium erectum, Sagittaria sagittifolia, Equisetum palustre, Hydrocharis morsus-ranae, Mentha aquatica, Stachys palustris, Lemna minor, Lemna trisulca, Spirodela polyrhiza, Ranunculus repens, Galium palustre, Glyceria fluitans, Glyceria maxima

S17 — Lowland fen

Carex pseudocyperus swamp

Solanum dulcamara, Carex pseudocyperus, Juncus conglomeratus, Juncus effusus, Juncus inflexus, Sparganium erectum, Alisma plantago-aquatica, Anthriscus sylvestris, Berula erecta, Oenanthe crocata, Caltha palustris, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium palustre, Myosotis scorpioides, Stellaria alsine, Dipsacus fullonum, Iris pseudacorus, Lycopus europaeus, Mentha aquatica, Rumex crispus, Rumex hydrolapathum, Rumex obtusifolius, Ranunculus lingua, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium aparine, Galium palustre, Scrophularia auriculata, Scutellaria galericulata, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus pratensis, Glyceria maxima, Holcus lanatus, Phragmites australis, Poa trivialis, Typha latifolia

S18 — Lowland fen

Carex otrubae swamp

Solanum dulcamara, Bolboschoenus maritimus, Carex acutiformis, Carex otrubae, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus bufonius, Juncus bulbosus, Juncus effusus, Sparganium erectum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Leptodictyum riparium, Alisma plantago-aquatica, Angelica sylvestris, Sium latifolium, Achillea millefolium, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium palustre, Eupatorium cannabinum, Sonchus arvensis, Cardamine pratensis, Ceratophyllum demersum, Atriplex hastata, Atriplex patula, Equisetum arvense, Equisetum palustre, Equisetum telmateia, Lotus pedunculatus, Vicia cracca, Vicia sativa, Geranium dissectum, Iris pseudacorus, Mentha aquatica, Lythrum salicaria, Chamerion angustifolium, Epilobium hirsutum, Plantago major, Rumex crispus, Rumex hydrolapathum, Ranunculus repens, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla reptans, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium aparine, Galium palustre, Galium uliginosum, Agrostis stolonifera, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia repens, Phragmites australis, Poa annua, Poa pratensis, Typha latifolia

S19 — Lowland fen, Turlough and fluctuation mere, Upland spring flush

Eleocharis palustris swamp

Carex hirta, Carex nigra, Carex rostrata, Eleocharis palustris, Eleocharis quinqueflora, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus bulbosus, Juncus effusus, Juncus gerardii, Drepanocladus fluitans, Fontinalis antipyretica, Scorpidium scorpioides, Alisma plantago-aquatica, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Caltha palustris, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Myosotis laxa, Cardamine pratensis, Lobelia dortmanna, Equisetum fluviatile, Trifolium repens, Myriophyllum alterniflorum, Triglochin maritimum, Mentha aquatica, Utricularia minor, Littorella uniflora, Plantago maritima, Persicaria maculosa, Polygonum amphibium, Potamogeton natans, Potamogeton polygonifolius, Glaux maritima, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus flammula, Ranunculus repens, Potentilla anserina, Galium palustre, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus geniculatus, Festuca rubra, Glyceria fluitans, Holcus lanatus, Phalaris arundinacea, Poa trivialis, Typha latifolia

S20 — Lowland fen, Nutrient rich eutrophic lake

Scirpus lacustris ssp. tabernaemontani swamp

Solanum dulcamara, Bolboschoenus maritimus, Carex otrubae, Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani, Eleocharis palustris, Eleocharis uniglumis, Juncus bufonius, Juncus gerardii, Apium graveolens, Oenanthe lachenalii, Cochlearia anglica, Atriplex hastata, Chenopodium rubrum, Triglochin maritimum, Rumex hydrolapathum, Glaux maritima, Ranunculus sceleratus, Potentilla anserina, Ruppia maritima, Agrostis stolonifera, Phragmites australis, Puccinellia distans, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica, Typha angustifolia, Typha latifolia

S21 — Lowland fen, Nutrient rich eutrophic lake

Scirpus maritimus swamp

Atriplex portulacoides, Bolboschoenus maritimus, Carex nigra, Carex otrubae, Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani, Eleocharis palustris, Eleocharis uniglumis, Juncus articulatus, Juncus bufonius, Juncus gerardii, Juncus maritimus, Amblystegium serpens, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Drepanocladus aduncus, Suaeda maritima, Apium graveolens, Berula erecta, Oenanthe crocata, Oenanthe lachenalii, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Aster tripolium, Caltha palustris, Cirsium arvense, Sonchus arvensis, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Cochlearia anglica, Cochlearia officinalis, Spergularia marina, Spergularia media, Stellaria media agg., Atriplex hastata, Salicornia dolichostachya, Calystegia sepium, Iris pseudacorus, Triglochin maritimum, Mentha aquatica, Epilobium parviflorum, Plantago maritima, Limonium vulgare, Rumex conglomeratus, Rumex crispus, Glaux maritima, Samolus valerandi, Ranunculus flammula, Ranunculus sceleratus, Potentilla anserina, Galium aparine, Galium palustre, Ruppia maritima, Viola palustris, Agrostis stolonifera, Elytrigia atherica, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Glyceria fluitans, Glyceria maxima, Phragmites australis, Puccinellia distans, Puccinellia maritima, Schedonorus arundinaceus, Spartina anglica

S22 — Lowland fen

Glyceria fluitans water-margin vegetation

Solanum dulcamara, Carex otrubae, Eleocharis palustris, Juncus articulatus, Sparganium erectum, Alisma plantago-aquatica, Apium nodiflorum, Myosotis scorpioides, Nasturtium officinale, Elodea canadensis, Mentha aquatica, Lemna minor, Rumex crispus, Ranunculus lingua, Galium palustre, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus geniculatus, Glyceria fluitans, Poa trivialis, Typha latifolia

S23 — Lowland fen

Other water-margin vegetation

Bolboschoenus maritimus, Carex otrubae, Juncus articulatus, Juncus effusus, Juncus inflexus, Sparganium erectum, Alisma lanceolatum, Alisma plantago-aquatica, Apium nodiflorum, Berula erecta, Oenanthe fistulosa, Myosotis laxa, Nasturtium officinale, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Hydrocharis morsus-ranae, Iris pseudacorus, Mentha aquatica, Lemna minor, Lemna trisulca, Spirodelia polyrhiza, Lythrum salicaria, Epilobium parviflorum, Veronica catenata, Polygonum amphibium, Polygonum hydropiper, Rumex conglomeratus, Rumex hydrolapathum, Lysimachia vulgaris, Samolus valerandi, Ranunculus circinatus, Ranunculus repens, Ranunculus sceleratus, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla anserina, Galium palustre, Scrophularia auriculata, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus geniculatus, Catabrosa aquatica, Elytrigia repens, Glyceria fluitans, Glyceria maxima, Phalaris arundinacea, Phragmites australis, Poa trivialis, Typha latifolia

S24 — Lowland fen

Phragmites australis-Peucedanum palustris tall-herb fen

Salix cinerea, Salix repens, Betula pubescens, Alnus glutinosa, Myrica gale, Frangula alnus, Solanum dulcamara, Carex acutiformis, Carex appropinquata, Carex diandra, Carex elata, Carex lasiocarpa, Carex lepidocarpa, Carex panicea, Carex paniculata, Carex pseudocyperus, Carex riparia, Cladium mariscus, Schoenus nigricans, Juncus subnodulosus, Sparganium erectum, Bryum pseudotriquetrum, Plagiomnium elatum, Plagiomnium rostratum, Rhizomnium punctatum, Fissidens adianthoides, Brachythecium rutabulum, Calliergon giganteum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Campylium elodes, Aneura pinguis, Angelica sylvestris, Berula erecta, Cicuta virosa, Oenanthe fistulosa, Oenanthe lachenalii, Sium latifolium, Thyselium palustre, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Caltha palustris, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium dissectum, Cirsium palustre, Eupatorium cannabinum, Impatiens capensis, Myosotis laxa, Myosotis scorpioides, Cardamine pratensis, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana dioica, Valeriana officinalis, Silene flos-cuculi, Stellaria palustris, Calystegia sepium, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Lathyrus palustris, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus pedunculatus, Vicia cracca, Hypericum tetrapterum, Iris pseudacorus, Lycopus europaeus, Mentha aquatica, Lemna minor, Lythrum salicaria, Menyanthes trifoliata, Epilobium hirsutum, Epilobium palustre, Epilobium parviflorum, Dactylorhiza incarnata, Dactylorhiza praetermissa, Epipactis palustris, Pedicularis palustris, Rhinanthus minor, Rumex hydrolapathum, Lysimachia vulgaris, Samolus valerandi, Ranunculus flammula, Ranunculus lingua, Thalictrum flavum, Comarum palustre, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla erecta, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium palustre, Galium uliginosum, Scrophularia auriculata, Scutellaria galericulata, Urtica dioica, Agrostis stolonifera, Calamagrostis canescens, Calamagrostis epigejos, Glyceria maxima, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Phalaris arundinacea, Phragmites australis, Poa trivialis, Thelypteris palustris, Typha angustifolia, Typha latifolia

S25 — Lowland fen, Reedbed

Phragmites australis-Eupatorium cannabinum tall-herb fen

Salix cinerea, Alnus glutinosa, Myrica gale, Solanum dulcamara, Carex acuta, Carex elata, Carex paniculata, Carex riparia, Cladium mariscus, Juncus subnodulosus, Brachythecium rutabulum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Lophocolea bidentata, Angelica sylvestris, Berula erecta, Oenanthe lachenalii, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Caltha palustris, Cirsium palustre, Eupatorium cannabinum, Myosotis scorpioides, Valeriana dioica, Valeriana officinalis, Silene flos-cuculi, Calystegia sepium, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus pedunculatus, Vicia cracca, Iris pseudacorus, Lycopus europaeus, Mentha aquatica, Lythrum salicaria, Menyanthes trifoliata, Epilobium hirsutum, Pedicularis palustris, Rumex crispus, Comarum palustre, Filipendula ulmaria, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium aparine, Galium palustre, Galium uliginosum, Scrophularia auriculata, Scutellaria galericulata, Urtica dioica, Arrhenatherum elatius, Phalaris arundinacea, Phragmites australis, Thelypteris palustris, Athyrium filix-femina, Typha angustifolia

S26 — Lowland fen, Reedbed

Phragmites australis-Urtica dioica tall-herb fen

Solanum dulcamara, Carex acuta, Carex otrubae, Carex riparia, Juncus effusus, Juncus subnodulosus, Sparganium erectum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Kindbergia praelonga, Angelica sylvestris, Apium nodiflorum, Heracleum sphondylium, Oenanthe crocata, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium palustre, Eupatorium cannabinum, Pulicaria dysenterica, Sonchus arvensis, Myosotis scorpioides, Valeriana officinalis, Silene dioica, Silene flos-cuculi, Calystegia sepium, Dipsacus fullonum, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus pedunculatus, Vicia cracca, Iris pseudacorus, Glechoma hederacea, Lycopus europaeus, Mentha aquatica, Stachys palustris, Lythrum salicaria, Epilobium hirsutum, Rumex crispus, Rumex hydrolapathum, Lysimachia vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus repens, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla anserina, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium aparine, Galium palustre, Galium uliginosum, Scutellaria galericulata, Urtica dioica, Agrostis stolonifera, Arrhenatherum elatius, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia repens, Glyceria maxima, Holcus lanatus, Phalaris arundinacea, Phragmites australis, Poa trivialis, Schedonorus arundinaceus, Typha latifolia

S27 — Lowland fen, Upland spring flush

Carex rostrata-Potentilla palustris tall-herb fen

Salix cinerea, Solanum dulcamara, Carex appropinquata, Carex aquatilis, Carex diandra, Carex elata, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex rostrata, Carex vesicaria, Eriophorum angustifolium, Eleocharis palustris, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus effusus, Juncus subnodulosus, Sparganium erectum, Bryum pseudotriquetrum, Rhizomnium pseudopunctatum, Rhizomnium punctatum, Brachythecium rivulare, Brachythecium rutabulum, Calliergon cordifolium, Calliergon giganteum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Cratoneuron filicinum, Drepanocladus fluitans, Sphagnum fimbriatum, Sphagnum squarrosum, Chiloscyphus polyanthos, Lophocolea bidentata, Angelica sylvestris, Apium nodiflorum, Sium latifolium, Thyselium palustre, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Caltha palustris, Cirsium palustre, Senecio aquaticus, Myosotis laxa, Myosotis scorpioides, Cardamine amara, Cardamine pratensis, Valeriana officinalis, Silene flos-cuculi, Stellaria alsine, Stellaria palustris, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Lotus pedunculatus, Hypericum elodes, Iris pseudacorus, Lycopus europaeus, Mentha aquatica, Lemna minor, Lythrum salicaria, Menyanthes trifoliata, Epilobium palustre, Epipactis palustris, Callitriche stagnalis, Veronica beccabunga, Veronica scutellata, Polygonum amphibium, Rumex hydrolapathum, Potamogeton polygonifolius, Lysimachia thyrsiflora, Lysimachia vulgaris, Ranunculus flammula, Ranunculus lingua, Ranunculus repens, Comarum palustre, Filipendula ulmaria, Galium palustre, Scutellaria galericulata, Agrostis canina, Agrostis stolonifera, Holcus lanatus, Phragmites australis, Poa trivialis, Dryopteris cristata, Typha latifolia

S28 — Lowland fen, Nutrient rich eutrophic lake

Phalaris arundinacea tall-herb fen

Solanum dulcamara, Eleocharis palustris, Juncus effusus, Kindbergia praelonga, Angelica sylvestris, Oenanthe crocata, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium palustre, Myosotis scorpioides, Nasturtium officinale, Atriplex hastata, Calystegia sepium, Equisetum fluviatile, Mentha aquatica, Epilobium hirsutum, Callitriche stagnalis, Ranunculus repens, Filipendula ulmaria, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium aparine, Galium palustre, Urtica dioica, Agrostis stolonifera, Deschampsia cespitosa, Elytrigia repens, Glyceria maxima, Holcus lanatus, Phalaris arundinacea, Poa trivialis, Puccinellia maritima, Typha angustifolia

SD1 — Coastal vegetated shingle, Sand dune

Rumex crispus-Glaucium flavum shingle community

Solanum dulcamara, Crithmum maritimum, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium vulgare, Helminthotheca echioides, Hypochaeris radicata, Jacobaea vulgaris, Lactuca serriola, Leontodon saxatilis, Senecio viscosus, Sonchus arvensis, Sonchus asper, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Crambe maritima, Cerastium fontanum, Honckenya peploides, Sagina apetala, Silene uniflora, Atriplex prostrata, Sedum acre, Euphorbia paralias, Lathyrus japonicus, Geranium robertianum, Glaucium flavum, Plantago coronopus, Plantago lanceolata, Rumex crispus, Potentilla anserina, Ammophila arenaria, Arrhenatherum elatius, Elytrigia atherica, Elytrigia juncea, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Lolium perenne

SD2 — Coastal vegetated shingle, Sand dune

Honkenya peploides-Cakile maritima strandline community

Salsola kali, Achillea millefolium, Cirsium arvense, Eryngium maritimum, Hypochaeris radicata, Senecio vulgaris, Sonchus arvensis, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Cakile maritima, Cerastium diffusum, Honckenya peploides, Silene uniflora, Stellaria media agg., Atriplex glabriuscula, Atriplex laciniata, Atriplex littoralis, Atriplex patula, Atriplex prostrata, Sedum acre, Polygonum oxyspermum subsp. Raii, Rumex crispus, Potentilla anserina, Agrostis stolonifera, Ammophila arenaria, Arrhenatherum elatius, Elytrigia juncea, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Leymus arenarius, Poa annua

SD3 — Coastal vegetated shingle, Sand dune

Matricaria maritima-Galium aparine strandline community

Bolboschoenus maritimus, Juncus bufonius, Juncus gerardii, Ligusticum scoticum, Matricaria discoidea, Sonchus arvensis, Sonchus asper, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Mertensia maritima, Cakile maritima, Cochlearia officinalis, Honckenya peploides, Stellaria media agg., Atriplex glabriuscula, Atriplex patula, Atriplex prostrata, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Rumex crispus, Glaux maritima, Galium aparine, Agrostis stolonifera, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Leymus arenarius, Poa annua

SM1 — Salt marsh

Zostera communities

Zostera angustifolia, Zostera marina, Zostera noltei, Spartina anglica, Porphyra umbilicalis, Chondria dasyphylla, Polysiphonia nigra, Chara aspera, Chaetomorpha linum, Chaetomorpha tortuosa, Cladophora battersii, Cladophora retroflexa, Ulva intestinalis, Ulva lactuca, Fucus spiralis

SM2 — Salt marsh

Ruppia maritima salt-marsh community

Ruppia maritima

SM3 — Salt marsh

Eleocharis parvula salt-marsh community

Eleocharis parvula

SM4 — Salt marsh

Spartina maritima salt-marsh community

Suaeda maritima, Salicornia europaea, Salicornia perennis, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica, Spartina maritima

SM5 — Salt marsh

Spartina alterniflora salt-marsh community

Puccinellia maritima, Spartina alterniflora, Spartina anglica

SM6 — Salt marsh

Spartina anglica salt-marsh community

Atriplex portulacoides, Suaeda maritima, Aster tripolium, Cochlearia anglica, Spergularia media, Atriplex hastata, Salicornia europaea, Plantago maritima, Limonium vulgare, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica, Catenella caespitosa, Fucus vesiculosus, Fucus vesiculosus ecad volubilis

SM7 — Salt marsh

Arthrocnemum perenne stands

Atriplex portulacoides, Suaeda maritima, Aster tripolium, Spergularia media, Salicornia europaea, Salicornia perennis, Limonium vulgare, Puccinellia maritima, Bostrychia scorpioides

SM8 — Salt marsh

Annual Salicornia salt-marsh community

Atriplex portulacoides, Suaeda maritima, Aster tripolium, Salicornia europaea, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica

SM9 — Salt marsh

Suaeda maritima salt-marsh community

Atriplex portulacoides, Suaeda maritima, Aster tripolium, Salicornia europaea, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica

SM10 — Salt marsh

Transitional low-marsh vegetation with Puccinellia maritima annual Salicornia species and Suaeda maritima

Atriplex portulacoides, Suaeda maritima, Aster tripolium, Spergularia media, Salicornia europaea, Triglochin maritimum, Armeria maritima, Limonium vulgare, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica

SM11 — Salt marsh

Aster tripolium var. discoideus salt-marsh community

Atriplex portulacoides, Suaeda maritima, Aster tripolium, Spergularia media, Salicornia europaea, Salicornia perennis, Plantago maritima, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica, Bostrychia scorpioides, Fucus vesiculosus, Pelvetia canaliculata

SM12 — Salt marsh

Rayed Aster Tripolium on slat marshes

Schoenoplectus lacustris, Juncus bufonius, Suaeda maritima, Aster tripolium, Spergularia marina, Spergularia media, Atriplex hastata, Salicornia europaea, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago maritima, Puccinellia distans, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica

SM13 — Salt marsh

Puccinellia maritima salt-marsh community

Atriplex portulacoides, Juncus gerardii, Suaeda maritima, Aster tripolium, Cochlearia anglica, Cochlearia officinalis, Spergularia media, Atriplex hastata, Salicornia europaea, Salicornia perennis, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium humile, Limonium vulgare, Glaux maritima, Agrostis stolonifera, Festuca rubra, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica, Spartina maritima, Bostrychia scorpioides, Fucus cottonii

SM14 — Salt marsh

Halimione portulacoides salt-marsh community

Atriplex portulacoides, Juncus maritimus, Suaeda maritima, Artemisia maritima, Aster tripolium, Inula crithmoides, Spergularia media, Salicornia europaea, Salicornia perennis, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium vulgare, Elytrigia atherica, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica

SM15 — Salt marsh

Juncus maritimus-Triglochin maritima salt-marsh community

Atriplex portulacoides, Carex extensa, Juncus gerardii, Juncus maritimus, Suaeda maritima, Oenanthe lachenalii, Artemisia maritima, Cochlearia anglica, Cochlearia officinalis, Spergularia media, Atriplex hastata, Salicornia europaea, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium humile, Limonium vulgare, Glaux maritima, Agrostis stolonifera, Festuca rubra, Phragmites australis, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica, Fucus cottonii

SM16 — Salt marsh

Festuca rubra salt-marsh community

Atriplex portulacoides, Carex distans, Carex flacca, Juncus gerardii, Hypnum cupressiforme, Kindbergia praelonga, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Cochlearia anglica, Cerastium fontanum, Sagina procumbens, Spergularia media, Atriplex hastata, Salicornia europaea, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium repens, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium vulgare, Glaux maritima, Ranunculus acris, Potentilla anserina, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Cynosurus cristatus, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Puccinellia maritima

SM17 — Salt marsh

Artemisia maritima salt-marsh community

Atriplex portulacoides, Juncus gerardii, Juncus maritimus, Suaeda maritima, Suaeda vera, Artemisia maritima, Cochlearia anglica, Cochlearia officinalis, Spergularia media, Atriplex hastata, Salicornia europaea, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago coronopus, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium vulgare, Glaux maritima, Agrostis stolonifera, Elytrigia atherica, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Hordeum marinum, Parapholis strigosa, Puccinellia maritima

SM18 — Salt marsh

Juncus maritimus salt-marsh community

Carex distans, Carex extensa, Carex otrubae, Juncus gerardii, Juncus maritimus, Amblystegium serpens, Kindbergia praelonga, Oenanthe lachenalii, Cirsium arvense, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Sonchus arvensis, Cochlearia officinalis, Silene flos-cuculi, Atriplex hastata, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Rumex crispus, Glaux maritima, Samolus valerandi, Ranunculus acris, Potentilla anserina, Galium palustre, Agrostis stolonifera, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Poa pratensis, Schedonorus arundinaceus

SM19 — Saline lagoon, Salt marsh

Blysmus rufus salt-marsh community

Blysmus rufus, Carex extensa, Carex lepidocarpa, Carex nigra, Eleocharis quinqueflora, Eleocharis uniglumis, Juncus articulatus, Juncus gerardii, Amblystegium serpens, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Drepanocladus polygamus, Leptodictyum riparium, Oenanthe lachenalii, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Cochlearia anglica, Trifolium repens, Triglochin maritimum, Triglochin palustre, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Glaux maritima, Potentilla anserina, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus geniculatus, Festuca rubra, Puccinellia maritima

SM20 — Saline lagoon, Salt marsh

Eleocharis uniglumis salt-marsh community

Bolboschoenus maritimus, Carex distans, Carex extensa, Carex nigra, Eleocharis quinqueflora, Eleocharis uniglumis, Juncus articulatus, Juncus gerardii, Leptodictyum riparium, Oenanthe lachenalii, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Atriplex hastata, Trifolium repens, Triglochin maritimum, Triglochin palustre, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Glaux maritima, Samolus valerandi, Potentilla anserina, Galium palustre, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus geniculatus, Festuca rubra

SM21 — Salt marsh

Suaeda vera-Limonium binervosum salt-marsh community

Atriplex portulacoides, Frankenia laevis, Suaeda maritima, Suaeda vera, Artemisia maritima, Cochlearia anglica, Cochlearia danica, Cochlearia officinalis, Sagina maritima, Spergularia marina, Spergularia media, Salicornia europaea, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium bellidifolium, Limonium binervosum, Limonium vulgare, Glaux maritima, Elytrigia atherica, Festuca rubra, Puccinellia maritima

SM22 — Salt marsh

Halimione portulacoides-Frankenia laevis salt-marsh community

Atriplex portulacoides, Frankenia laevis, Suaeda maritima, Spergularia media, Salicornia europaea, Salicornia perennis, Plantago coronopus, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium vulgare, Elytrigia juncea, Festuca rubra, Parapholis strigosa, Puccinellia maritima

SM23 — Salt marsh

Spergularia marina-Puccinellia distans salt-marsh community

Atriplex portulacoides, Juncus bufonius, Suaeda maritima, Spergularia marina, Spergularia media, Atriplex hastata, Salicornia europaea, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago maritima, Polygonum aviculare, Glaux maritima, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus geniculatus, Elytrigia atherica, Festuca rubra, Parapholis strigosa, Puccinellia distans, Puccinellia maritima

SM24 — Salt marsh

Elymus pycnanthus salt-marsh community

Atriplex portulacoides, Juncus gerardii, Juncus maritimus, Hypnum cupressiforme, Suaeda vera, Artemisia maritima, Aster tripolium, Sonchus arvensis, Atriplex hastata, Atriplex littoralis, Beta vulgaris sp maritima, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium vulgare, Glaux maritima, Potentilla anserina, Galium aparine, Agrostis stolonifera, Ammophila arenaria, Elytrigia atherica, Festuca rubra, Parapholis strigosa, Phragmites australis, Puccinellia maritima

SM25 — Salt marsh

Suaeda vera drift-line community

Atriplex portulacoides, Suaeda maritima, Suaeda vera, Artemisia maritima, Cochlearia anglica, Cochlearia danica, Cochlearia officinalis, Spergularia media, Atriplex littoralis, Salicornia europaea, Salicornia perennis, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago maritima, Limonium vulgare, Glaux maritima, Elytrigia atherica, Festuca rubra, Puccinellia maritima, Bostrychia scorpioides, Pelvetia canaliculata

SM26 — Salt marsh

Inula crithmoides stands

Atriplex portulacoides, Suaeda maritima, Inula crithmoides, Spergularia media, Salicornia europaea, Salicornia perennis, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium vulgare, Elytrigia atherica, Festuca rubra, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica, Bostrychia scorpioides

SM28 — Salt marsh

Elymus repens salt-marsh community

Bolboschoenus maritimus, Carex otrubae, Eleocharis uniglumis, Juncus gerardii, Kindbergia praelonga, Odontites verna, Anthriscus sylvestris, Apium graveolens, Heracleum sphondylium, Oenanthe crocata, Oenanthe lachenalii, Torilis japonica, Centaurea nigra, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium vulgare, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Sonchus arvensis, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Cochlearia anglica, Cochlearia officinalis, Silene uniflora, Stellaria media agg., Atriplex hastata, Atriplex littoralis, Calystegia sepium, Lotus corniculatus, Medicago lupulina, Melilotus altissima, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Rumex conglomeratus, Rumex crispus, Glaux maritima, Potentilla anserina, Galium aparine, Urtica dioica, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus geniculatus, Arrhenatherum elatius, Dactylis glomerata, Deschampsia cespitosa, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Lolium perenne, Poa pratensis, Puccinellia maritima, Schedonorus arundinaceus

W20 — Montane scrub

Salix lapponum-Luzula sylvatica scrub

Salix arbuscula, Salix cinerea, Salix lapponum, Salix myrsinites, Salix phylicifolia, Salix reticulata, Empetrum nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Salix lanata, Vaccinium myrtillus, Vaccinium uliginosum, Carex atrata, Carex bigelowii, Carex binervis, Carex flacca, Luzula multiflora, Luzula sylvatica, Huperzia selago, Selaginella selaginoides, Aulacomnium palustre, Mnium hornum, Philonotis fontana, Plagiomnium undulatum, Rhizomnium punctatum, Dicranum bonjeanii, Dicranum majus, Dicranum scoparium, Fissidens adianthoides, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Ctenidium molluscum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum callichroum, Hypnum cupressiforme, Palustriella commutatum, Plagiothecium denticulatum, Plagiothecium undulatum, Pleurozium schreberi, Ptilium crista-castrensis, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Sanionia uncinata, Scorpidium revolvens, Thuidium tamariscinum, Atrichum undulatum, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Sphagnum capillifolium, Sphagnum fallax, Sphagnum girgensohnii, Sphagnum palustre, Sphagnum russowii, Sphagnum squarrosum, Sphagnum subnitens, Sphagnum teres, Barbilophozia barbata, Chiloscyphus polyanthos, Diplophyllum albicans, Lophocolea bidentata, Plagiochila porelloides, Ptilidium ciliare, Scapania undulata, Cladonia squamosa, Peltigera canina, Angelica sylvestris, Caltha palustris, Hieraclium spp., Saussurea alpina, Solidago virgaurea, Campanula rotundifolia, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana officinalis, Rhodiola rosea, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Thymus praecox, Epilobium anagallidifolium, Dactylorhiza viridis, Euphrasia officinalis, Rhinanthus minor, Oxalis acetosella, Oxyria digyna, Polygonum viviparum, Rumex acetosa, Anemone nemorosa, Ranunculus acris, Thalictrum alpinum, Alchemilla alpina, Alchemilla glabra, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum rivale, Galium boreale, Galium saxatile, Saxifraga aizoides, Saxifraga hypnoides, Saxifraga oppositifolia, Saxifraga stellaris, Viola riviniana, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Nardus stricta, Dryopteris dilatata, Phegopteris connectilis

W21 — Hedgerow scrub, Mixed scrub

Crataegus monogyna-Hedera helix scrub

Hedera helix, Salix cinerea, Acer pseudoplatanus, Ilex aquifolium, Betula pendula, Corylus avellana, Fagus sylvatica, Quercus robur, Fraxinus excelsior, Malus sylvestris, Sorbus aria, Taxus baccata, Ulmus glabra, Ulmus procera, Sambucus nigra, Viburnum lantana, Euonymus europaeus, Cornus sanguinea, Juniperus communis, Ligustrum vulgare, Clematis vitalba, Rhamnus cathartica, Crataegus laevigata, Crataegus monogyna, Prunus spinosa, Juncus effusus, Plagiomnium undulatum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Kindbergia praelonga, Rhynchostegium confertum, Tamus communis, Heracleum sphondylium, Torilis japonica, Arum maculatum, Arctium minus, Cirsium arvense, Lonicera periclymenum, Moehringia trinervia, Silene dioica, Stellaria graminea, Stellaria holostea, Stellaria media agg., Calystegia sepium, Mercurialis perennis, Geranium robertianum, Iris foetidissima, Glechoma hederacea, Lamium purpureum, Origanum vulgare, Stachys sylvatica, Teucrium scorodonia, Allium ursinum, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Circaea lutetiana, Rumex sanguineus, Anemone nemorosa, Ranunculus repens, Fragaria vesca, Geum urbanum, Potentilla sterilis, Poterium sanguisorba, Rosa arvensis, Rosa canina, Rubia peregrina, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium aparine, Urtica dioica, Viola riviniana, Anisantha sterilis, Arrhenatherum elatius, Brachypodium pinnatum, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Bromopsis erecta, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia repens, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Poa trivialis, Asplenium scolopendrium, Pteridium aquilinum, Dryopteris filix-mas

W22 — Hedgerow scrub, Mixed scrub

Prunus spinosa-Rubus fruticosus scrub

Hedera helix, Acer campestre, Corylus avellana, Ulex europaeus, Prunus spinosa, Plagiomnium undulatum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Eurhynchium striatum, Kindbergia praelonga, Thuidium tamariscinum, Atrichum undulatum, Lophocolea bidentata, Achillea millefolium, Cardamine flexuosa, Lonicera periclymenum, Moehringia trinervia, Silene dioica, Silene uniflora, Stellaria media agg., Mercurialis perennis, Geranium robertianum, Stachys sylvatica, Teucrium scorodonia, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Oxalis acetosella, Digitalis purpurea, Plantago lanceolata, Veronica chamaedrys, Armeria maritima, Rumex acetosa, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum urbanum, Rosa canina, Rubus fruticosus agg., Rubus idaeus, Galium aparine, Urtica dioica, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Poa trivialis, Asplenium scolopendrium, Pteridium aquilinum, Dryopteris borreri, Dryopteris filix-mas