Oxhouse Farm

Site of Special Scientific Interest · 52.1542, -1.5631

Also within

Warwickshire County

Condition (Natural England)

Unfavourable No Change (4)
UnitFeatureConditionArea (ha)Assessed
SP295507 Unfavourable No Change 5.57 2023-09-06
SP299508 Unfavourable No Change 6.31 2023-09-06
SP301507 Unfavourable No Change 3.34 2023-09-06
SP306506 Unfavourable No Change 1.95 2023-09-06

Climate exposure

This is about exposure to a nationwide pressure this habitat type carries — not a verdict on this site's own management.

Coastal

Coastal habitats are exposed to sea-level rise and storm erosion. Where hard sea defences sit behind them, there's nowhere landward to retreat to — a squeeze that keeps compressing the habitat no matter how well it's managed.

Geology & landscape

Rock Type: Limestone

Landscape processes: Coastal, Fluvial

Birds & fish recorded

Birds

SpeciesSeason
kestrel Breeding
nightingale Breeding
sparrowhawk Breeding

Description

Area, 17.4 ha. 43 ac. Description Oxhouse Farm lies in the valley of the River Dene in south Warwickshire. The site comprises three herb rich meadows and the adjacent railway line which was abandoned in1966. It lies on beds of shales, mudstones and limestones of the Upper Rhaetic which have given rise to alkaline soils favouring a limestone flora. The grassland is characterised by upright brome Bromus erectus and tor grass Brachypodium pinnatum which are found together with typical calcicolous species such as quaking grass Briza media and glaucous sedge Carex flacca. The banks of the railway line with their shallow soils are species rich with locally abundant salad burnet Poterium sanguisorba, cowslips Primula veris and wild basil Clinopodium vulgare. Noteworthy species are yellow wort Blackstonia perfoliata, spiny rest-harrow Ononis spinosa, small scabious Scabiosa columbaria and strawberry clover Trifolium fragiferum with colonies of dyer's greenweed Genista tinctoria and the scarce fine leaved vetch Vicia tenuifolia. Along the trackway thirty seven species of grass have been recorded including large colonies of rat’s tail fescue Vulpia myuros and fern grass Catapodium rigidum. A species rich shrub layer lines each side of the track with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and traveller’s joy Clematis vitalba occurring commonly and also wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and willows Salix cinerea and Salix aurita. The eastern grazed field is species rich with abundant knapweed Centaurea nigra and C. scabiosa, woolly thistle Cirsium eriophorum and devil’s bit scabious Succisa pratensis. The western field is old ridge and furrow with lady’s bedstraw Galium verum, agrimony Agrimonia eupatoria, knapweeds and wild carrot Daucus carota on the dry ridges and damp loving species in the furrows. The central field is not as species rich as the others but includes typical communities of cowslips, dropwort Filipendula vulgaris, spiny rest harrow and woolly thistle. All three fields are surrounded by wide hedgerows with numerous cliff shrubs. At their lower ends is the alluvial flood plain of the River Dene. The meadows this supports all slope gently down to the communities of meadowsweet Filipendula ulmaria and meadow cranesbill Geranium pratense as well as scattered scrub. The mosaic of grassland, scrub and hedgerow has provided an important habitat for invertebrates particularly butterflies. Twenty six species are regularly present, amongst them marbled white, dark green fritillary, brown argus and white-letter hairstreak. The meadows are also covered by numerous ant hills. Another notable feature of Oxhouse Farm is the farmland bird community with many warblers breeding in hedgerows and along the railway line and regular breeding records of nightingale, all three woodpecker, green woodpecker, greater spotted woodpecker and lesser spotted woodpecker and several birds of prey including sparrowhawk and kestrel.

Species mentioned

English name
search for this in other sites
Latin name
search with Google
IUCN / Red List Type Family
sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus NT (Breeding) bird-hawk falconidae
kestrel Falco tinnunculus VU (Breeding) bird-hawk falconidae
nightingale Luscinia megarhynchos VU (Breeding) bird-robin muscicapidae
lesser spotted woodpecker Dryobates minor EN (Breeding) bird-woodpecker picidae
green woodpecker Picus viridis LC (Breeding) bird-woodpecker picidae
tor grass Brachypodium pinnatum LC grass poaceae
quaking grass Briza media VU grass poaceae
upright brome Bromus erectus Not listed in GB list grass poaceae
fern grass Catapodium rigidum LC grass poaceae
rat's tail fescue Vulpia myuros LC grass poaceae
agrimony Agrimonia eupatoria LC herb rosaceae
yellowwort Blackstonia perfoliata LC herb gentianaceae
black knapweed Centaurea nigra LC herb asteraceae
wooly thistle Cirsium eriophorum LC herb asteraceae
wild basil Clinopodium vulgare LC herb lamiaceae
wild carrot Daucus carota LC herb apiaceae
meadow sweet Filipendula ulmaria LC herb rosaceae
dropwort Filipendula vulgaris LC herb rosaceae
lady's bedstraw Galium verum LC herb rubiaceae
dyer's greenweed Genista tinctoria LC herb fabaceae
meadow cranesbill Geranium pratense LC herb geraniaceae
spiny rest-harrow Ononis spinosa Not listed in GB list herb fabaceae
salad burnet Poterium sanguisorba VU herb rosaceae
cowslip Primula veris LC herb primulaceae
small scabious Scabiosa columbaria LC herb caprifoliaceae
devils-bit scabious Succisa pratensis VU herb caprifoliaceae
strawberry clover Trifolium fragiferum EN herb fabaceae
fine leaved vetch Vicia tenuifolia Not listed in GB list herb fabaceae
glaucus sedge Carex flacca LC sedge cyperaceae
traveller's joy Clematis vitalba LC shrub ranunculaceae
dogwood Cornus sanguinea LC shrub cornaceae
hawthorn Crataegus monogyna LC shrub rosaceae
wild privet Ligustrum vulgare LC shrub oleaceae
blackthorn Prunus spinosa LC shrub rosaceae
wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana LC shrub caprifoliaceae
eared willow Salix aurita LC tree shrub salicaceae
grey willow Salix cinerea LC tree shrub salicaceae

Plant communities

A9 — Fast flowing river and stream, Marginal and inundation, Pond ditch and canal, Sluggish river and stream

Potamogeton natans community

Schoenoplectus lacustris, Juncus bulbosus, Sparganium angustifolium, Sparganium erectum, Sparganium minimum, Alisma plantago-aquatica, Lobelia dortmanna, Equisetum fluviatile, Myriophyllum alterniflorum, Elodea canadensis, Lemna minor, Lemna trisulca, Nymphaea alba, Callitriche platycarpa, Callitriche stagnalis, Littorella uniflora, Potamogeton natans, Ranunculus trichophyllus, Glyceria fluitans, Chara subspinosa

A14 — Fast flowing river and stream

Myriophyllum alterniflorum community

Isolepis fluitans, Juncus bulbosus, Fontinalis antipyretica, Lobelia dortmanna, Equisetum fluviatile, Myriophyllum alterniflorum, Lemna minor, Callitriche stagnalis, Littorella uniflora, Potamogeton filiformis, Potamogeton gramineus, Potamogeton natans, Ranunculus peltatus, Chara spp., Nitella hyalina

A17 — Chalk river and stream, Fast flowing river and stream

Ranunculus penicillatus ssp. pseudofluitans community

Berula erecta, Nasturtium officinale, Elodea canadensis, Lemna minor, Callitriche stagnalis, Veronica beccabunga, Polygonum amphibium, Polygonum hydropiper, Potamogeton crispus, Potamogeton pectinatus, Ranunculus penicillatus ssp. pseudofluitans

A18 — Fast flowing river and stream

Ranunculus fluitans community

Fontinalis antipyretica, Fontinalis squamosa var. curnowii, Myriophyllum alterniflorum, Myriophyllum spicatum, Elodea canadensis, Mentha aquatica, Lemna gibba, Lemna minor, Potamogeton perfoliatus, Ranunculus fluitans, Glyceria fluitans, Phalaris arundinacea

W20 — Montane scrub

Salix lapponum-Luzula sylvatica scrub

Salix arbuscula, Salix cinerea, Salix lapponum, Salix myrsinites, Salix phylicifolia, Salix reticulata, Empetrum nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Salix lanata, Vaccinium myrtillus, Vaccinium uliginosum, Carex atrata, Carex bigelowii, Carex binervis, Carex flacca, Luzula multiflora, Luzula sylvatica, Huperzia selago, Selaginella selaginoides, Aulacomnium palustre, Mnium hornum, Philonotis fontana, Plagiomnium undulatum, Rhizomnium punctatum, Dicranum bonjeanii, Dicranum majus, Dicranum scoparium, Fissidens adianthoides, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Ctenidium molluscum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum callichroum, Hypnum cupressiforme, Palustriella commutatum, Plagiothecium denticulatum, Plagiothecium undulatum, Pleurozium schreberi, Ptilium crista-castrensis, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Sanionia uncinata, Scorpidium revolvens, Thuidium tamariscinum, Atrichum undulatum, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Sphagnum capillifolium, Sphagnum fallax, Sphagnum girgensohnii, Sphagnum palustre, Sphagnum russowii, Sphagnum squarrosum, Sphagnum subnitens, Sphagnum teres, Barbilophozia barbata, Chiloscyphus polyanthos, Diplophyllum albicans, Lophocolea bidentata, Plagiochila porelloides, Ptilidium ciliare, Scapania undulata, Cladonia squamosa, Peltigera canina, Angelica sylvestris, Caltha palustris, Hieraclium spp., Saussurea alpina, Solidago virgaurea, Campanula rotundifolia, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana officinalis, Rhodiola rosea, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Thymus praecox, Epilobium anagallidifolium, Dactylorhiza viridis, Euphrasia officinalis, Rhinanthus minor, Oxalis acetosella, Oxyria digyna, Polygonum viviparum, Rumex acetosa, Anemone nemorosa, Ranunculus acris, Thalictrum alpinum, Alchemilla alpina, Alchemilla glabra, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum rivale, Galium boreale, Galium saxatile, Saxifraga aizoides, Saxifraga hypnoides, Saxifraga oppositifolia, Saxifraga stellaris, Viola riviniana, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Nardus stricta, Dryopteris dilatata, Phegopteris connectilis

W21 — Hedgerow scrub, Mixed scrub

Crataegus monogyna-Hedera helix scrub

Hedera helix, Salix cinerea, Acer pseudoplatanus, Ilex aquifolium, Betula pendula, Corylus avellana, Fagus sylvatica, Quercus robur, Fraxinus excelsior, Malus sylvestris, Sorbus aria, Taxus baccata, Ulmus glabra, Ulmus procera, Sambucus nigra, Viburnum lantana, Euonymus europaeus, Cornus sanguinea, Juniperus communis, Ligustrum vulgare, Clematis vitalba, Rhamnus cathartica, Crataegus laevigata, Crataegus monogyna, Prunus spinosa, Juncus effusus, Plagiomnium undulatum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Kindbergia praelonga, Rhynchostegium confertum, Tamus communis, Heracleum sphondylium, Torilis japonica, Arum maculatum, Arctium minus, Cirsium arvense, Lonicera periclymenum, Moehringia trinervia, Silene dioica, Stellaria graminea, Stellaria holostea, Stellaria media agg., Calystegia sepium, Mercurialis perennis, Geranium robertianum, Iris foetidissima, Glechoma hederacea, Lamium purpureum, Origanum vulgare, Stachys sylvatica, Teucrium scorodonia, Allium ursinum, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Circaea lutetiana, Rumex sanguineus, Anemone nemorosa, Ranunculus repens, Fragaria vesca, Geum urbanum, Potentilla sterilis, Poterium sanguisorba, Rosa arvensis, Rosa canina, Rubia peregrina, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium aparine, Urtica dioica, Viola riviniana, Anisantha sterilis, Arrhenatherum elatius, Brachypodium pinnatum, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Bromopsis erecta, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia repens, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Poa trivialis, Asplenium scolopendrium, Pteridium aquilinum, Dryopteris filix-mas

W22 — Hedgerow scrub, Mixed scrub

Prunus spinosa-Rubus fruticosus scrub

Hedera helix, Acer campestre, Corylus avellana, Ulex europaeus, Prunus spinosa, Plagiomnium undulatum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Eurhynchium striatum, Kindbergia praelonga, Thuidium tamariscinum, Atrichum undulatum, Lophocolea bidentata, Achillea millefolium, Cardamine flexuosa, Lonicera periclymenum, Moehringia trinervia, Silene dioica, Silene uniflora, Stellaria media agg., Mercurialis perennis, Geranium robertianum, Stachys sylvatica, Teucrium scorodonia, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Oxalis acetosella, Digitalis purpurea, Plantago lanceolata, Veronica chamaedrys, Armeria maritima, Rumex acetosa, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum urbanum, Rosa canina, Rubus fruticosus agg., Rubus idaeus, Galium aparine, Urtica dioica, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Poa trivialis, Asplenium scolopendrium, Pteridium aquilinum, Dryopteris borreri, Dryopteris filix-mas

W23 — Brownfield, Hedgerow scrub

Ulex europaeus-Rubus fruticosus scrub

Hedera helix, Calluna vulgaris, Cytisus scoparius, Ulex europaeus, Kindbergia praelonga, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Achillea millefolium, Crepis capillaris, Hypochaeris radicata, Jacobaea vulgaris, Campanula rotundifolia, Jasione montana, Cerastium fontanum, Silene dioica, Teucrium scorodonia, Digitalis purpurea, Plantago lanceolata, Veronica chamaedrys, Veronica officinalis, Rumex acetosa, Rumex acetosella, Potentilla erecta, Rubus fruticosus agg., Rubus idaeus, Galium saxatile, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Aira praecox, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Dactylis glomerata, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Poa pratensis, Pteridium aquilinum