Mappp.co geology and wildlife sites

Broughton Down

…taegus monogyna, elder Sambucus nigra, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and dogwood Cornus sanguinea, to mature beech, ash and yew woodland. The chalk grassland turf includes areas intensively grazed by rabbits. There is an abundance of ant mounds characterised by a distinctive flora…

Prestatyn Hillside

…xcelsior where secondary woodland is developing. Other species include dogwood Cornus sanguinea; spindle Euonymus europaeus and buck thorn Rhamnus cathartica. The broad-leaved woodland, Coed-yr-Esgob, occurs at the foot of the hill dominated by sessile oak Quercus petraea: gean…

Hay Wood and Tinkers' Coppice

… and contains a range of other species including holly Ilex aquifolium, dogwood Cornus sanguinea spurge laurel Daphne laureola and alder buckthorn Frangula alnus. Variations in the geology are reflected in the woodland ground flora. On the upper slopes where the soil is more aci…

Anston Stones Wood

…nd rowan Sorbus aucuparia are commonly associated with this stand type. Dogwood Cornus sanguinea, hazel Corylus avellana, holly Ilex aquifolium, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and elder Sambucus nigra are common in the understorey with less frequently buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, …

Whitbarrow

…bramble Rubus saxatilis. Other interesting woodland associates include dog wood Cornus sanguinea, herb paris Paris quadrifolia, broadleaved helleborine Epipactis helleborine, bird's nest orchid Neottia nidus-avis, greater butterfly orchid Platanthera chlorantha and fly orchid Oph…

Amberley Mount to Sullington Hill

… is established in many places, usually of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana with gorse Ulex europaeus where the soil is slightly more acid. However juniper Juniperus communis, a species which is becoming increasingly rare, …

Rushmore and Conholt Downs

…chalk. The principal associated woody species are elder Sambucus nigra, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, bramble Rubus fruticosus and yew Taxus baccata. Elsewhere the scrub is dominated by privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna or hazel Corylus avellana, though t…

Hedenham Wood

…ulus tremula, spindle Euonymus europaeus, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata. On lighter soils hornbeam and ash coppice is almost pure. This is replaced by predominantly ash and maple in the valley bottom, with big, hig…

Chickengrove Bottom

…onogyna, bramble Rubus fruticosus and young oak Quercus robur frequent. Dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spindle Euonymus europaeus, privet Ligustrum vulgare and whitebeam Sorbus aria also occur. Within this transitional scrub zone, which is an important aspect of the site, species of o…

Asham Wood

…notably, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spindle Euonymus europaeus. Holly Ilex aquifolium, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, crab apple Malus sylvestris and blackthorn Prunus spinosa are less common. rowan Sorbus aucuparia i…

Aller and Beer Woods

…m opulus, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, spindle Euonymus europaeus, Dog wood Cornus sanguinea, privet Ligustrum vulgare and spurge laurel Daphne laureola. The ground flora varies in conjunction with difference in soils, which are derived from rocks ranging from Rhaetic Clays, …

Out and Plunder Woods

…bs such as wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spindle Euonymus europaeus. The ground flora is typically of dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis, bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta and oxlip Primula elatior, together with areas …

Linby Quarries

…locality and includes such plant species as spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica among many others. Other features of interest in these western quarries are small areas of calcareous grassland and also a number of calcareous flushe…

Wettenhall and Darnhall Woods

…Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and elder Sambucus nigra. dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spindle Euonymus europaeus are also present but are infrequent. On the upper slopes of the wood creeping soft grass Holcus mollis, male fern and broad buckler fern Dryopteris fili…

Goblin Combe

…el Corylus avellana, wych elm Ulmus glabra, spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and privet Ligustrum vulgare abundant in many areas. The ground flora is dominated by dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis but other species attain local dominance, including bluebell …

Gawdyhall Big Wood, Harleston

…m on sandy soils. Shrubs are frequent throughout the stands and include dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spindle Euonymus europaeus, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and a single specimen of wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana at its only known Norfolk station. The wood is notable for the abund…

Craig Adwy-wynt a Choed Eyarth House a Chîl-y-groeslwyd

…us europaeus, field maple Acer campestre, guelder-rose Viburnum opulus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare. Yew occurs frequently as a small tree and is also present as saplings amongst the rock outcrops and limestone pavement of Craig Adwy-wynt. In the as…

Woodshuts Wood

…xinus excelsior, wild cherry Prunus avium, crab apple Malus sylvestris, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spindle Euonymus europaeus. In the wetter parts of the wood, alder Alnus glutinosa aspen Populus tremula and guelder rose Viburnum opulus are present. The ground flora is also div…

Frithy and Chadacre Wood

…Malus sylvestris, holly Ilex aquifolium, spindle Euonymus europaeus and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The woods contain wych elm Ulmus glabra and several patches of Lineage and invasive elm Ulmus spp, but nearly all the elm has succumbed to disease. The structure of these woods has b…

Avon Gorge

…strum vulgare, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and yew Taxus baccata. The main ground layer species are ivy Hedera helix, male fern Dryopteris filix-mas, bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta, ramsons Allium ursinum, dog's mercury Me…

Dyscarr Wood

…d hawthorn Crataegus monogyna together with field maple Acer campestre, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, elder Sambucus nigra, privet Ligustrum vulgare and sloe Prunus spinosa. The ground vegetation is characterised by an abundance of dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis, enchanter’s nigh…

Fayland Chalk Bank

… insectifera. Scrub, which occurs in parts of the site, is dominated by dogwood Cornus sanguinea and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana. Other shrub species include hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare. The diverse plant life an…

Bannam's Wood

…ith additional understorey species including blackthorn Prunus spinosa, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare. Dutch elm disease has affected many of the elms but some remain as coppice and occasional standard trees. The worst affected area has been replanted…

Sidmouth to Beer Coast

…f the cliffs a rich scrub community forms dense thickets. This includes dogwood Cornus sanguinea, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, backthorn Prunus spinosa and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. Associated climbers are traveller’s joy Clematis vitalba and…

Lathkill Dale

…ted by hazel with considerable amounts of guelder rose Viburnum opulus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna together with a small population of the rare native shrub mezereon Daphne mezereum. The ground flora is particularly rich and is dominated by dog’s mer…

Fontmell and Melbury Downs

…rataegus monogyna, privet Ligustrum vulgare, hazel Corylus avellana and dogwood Cornus sanguinea are frequent constituents and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and whitebeam Sorbus aria also occur. On the higher slopes there are stands of common gorse…

Stackpole

…nus spinosa, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and by large swathes of traveller’s-joy Clematis vitalba. The lakes at Bosherston were created by the Cawdor Estate between the late 18th and mid 19th centuries. They support a strong…

Hollingbourne Downs

…reous soils are present. These include wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and traveller's joy Clematis vitalba. The ground flora is generally dominated by dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis, with bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta on the heavier soils. Less…

Dolebury Warren

…se Viburnum opulus, whitebeam Sorbus aria, privet Ligustrum vulgare and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The hill has an interesting invertebrate fauna and several local species have been recorded.

Rough Hill & Wirehill Woods

…storey here has frequent areas of calcicole lime loving species such as dogwood Cornus sanguinea, privet Ligustrum vulgare and guelder rose Viburnum opulus indicating the presence of the underlying Keuper marl. Bramble and bluebell still dominate the ground flora, with male fern …

Lower Wood, Ashwellthorpe

…clude spindle tree Euonymus europaeus, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The ground flora is dominated by bramble Rubus fruticosus and patches of bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta and wood anemone Anemone nemorosa. A well developed network of rides is pr…

Gosling's Corner

…igustrum vulgare, goat and grey willows Salix caprea and Salix cinerea, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and dog and field rose Rosa canina and Rosa arvensis. Goslings Corner, although small, has a very rich ground flora, with the dominant species reflecting variations in soil moisture a…

Duncton to Bignor Escarpment

…ther sparse although elder Sambucus nigra, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and whitebeam Sorbus aria all occur. The ground flora varies from a dog’s mercury – sanicle – ivy Mercurialis perennis / Sanicula europaea / Hedera helix type on drier, steeply slopi…

North Luffenham Quarry

…ng invaded by scrub, particularly hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, but also dogwood Cornus sanguinea and buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica. The mosaic of grassland and scrub provide an ideal habitat for a diverse insect fauna, including butterflies.

Copmill Hill

… of the site has become scrubbed over with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare. The main interest of the site is for its butterflies and moths. Thirty species of butterfly occurhere including the nationally restricted white-lett…

Balsham Wood

…aphic range in Britain. A good variety of shrubs are present, including dogwood Cornus sanguinea and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare. The ground flora is typically rich and of the dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta type together with such species …

Batcombe Down

…ken Pteridium aquilinum. The scrub also shows considerable variety with dogwood Cornus sanguinea, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and traveller's joy Clematis vitalba on the chalk and common and western gorses Ulex europaeus and Ulex gallii on the acid areas. Among the many butte…

Big Hyde Rough

…low Salix fragilis, grey willow Salix cinerea, elder Sambucus nigra and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The species rich ground flora includes ramsons Allium ursinum, pendulous sedge Carex pendula, sanicle Sanicula europaea, enchanter’s nightshade Circaea lutetiana, dog’s mercury Mercu…

Walton and Ivythorn Hills

…, although hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, wild privet, wayfaring tree and dogwood Cornus sanguinea are also common. The scrub in turn grades into species rich unimproved calcareous grassland of the upright brome Bromus erectus type. Herbs of interest include wild carrot Daucus caro…

Badsaddle, Withmale Park and Bush Walk Woods

…re and hazel Corylus avellana with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and some dogwood Cornus sanguinea, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, spindle Euonymus europaeus and midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata also occur. The ground flora is dominated by dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis, blu…

Lewes Downs

…s monogyna, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare. Areas of ash Fraxinus excelsior woodland occur on the eastern edge of the site and south of Malling Combe, where sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus become…

Burbage Wood and Aston Firs

…but also includes field maple Acer campestre, privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and rowan Sorbus aucuparia. The ground vegetation is characterised by an abundance of honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum, bramble Rubus fruticosus, bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta, …

Bank and Cother Wood

…the site has been densely colonised by calcareous scrub species such as dogwood Cornus sanguinea and privet Ligustrum vulgare. The richness of the botanical habitats is reflected in the diversity of insect life, particularly butterflies. The marbled white butterfly Melanargia gal…

Cowden Meadow

…se Viburnum opulus, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, elder Sambucus nigra and dogwood Cornus sanguinea, as well as much dog rose and brambles. A small stream, shaded by the hedgerow, flows through the eastern end of the site.

Kirton Wood, Lincolnshire

…as wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spindle Euonymus europaeus. A rich ground flora is present, with water avens Geum rivale dominant in the wetter areas and plants such as dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis, bluebe…

Stoke & Bowd Lane Woods

…asionally e.g. blackthorn Prunus spinosa, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, elder Sambucus nigra and crab apple Malus sylvestris. Honesuckle Lonicera periclymenum, field rose Rosa arvensis and dewberry Rubus caesius are locally abundant. The composition of t…

Combs Wood

…thorn Crataegus monogyna, midland hawthorn, spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora beneath this woodland type is rich and varied and has shown a good response to the recent reintroduction of a coppice rotation over …

Peake Wood

…resting areas of herb rich grassland among hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and bramble Rubus species. This area shows signs of developing into yew and mixed deciduous woodland.

Hall Wood

…As well as hazel the shrub layer includes guelder rose Viburnum opulus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and holly Ilex aquifolium. There is a rich ground flora dominated by bramble Rubus fruticosus with a number of locally uncommon species such as wild daffodil Narcissus pseudonarcissus…

Odell Great Wood

…ayer which includes hazel Corylus avellana, field maple Acer campestre, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and privet Ligustrum vulgare. The diversity of wood species reflects the variation in soils from neutral Boulder Clay in the northern part to more calcareous soils derived from the gr…

Sheet Hedges Wood

…thin the alder wood the shrub layer is characterised by the presence of dogwood Cornus sanguinea, Corylus avellana and guelder rose Viburnum opulus, while the ground vegetation contains abundant Mercurialis perennis and lesser celandine Ficaria verna and frequent bugle Ajuga rept…

Short Wood

…d Crataegus laevigata occurring frequently. spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus are scattered throughout the wood. The presence of wild service tree Sorbus torminalis is notable. The ground flora is indicative of the site’s ancie…

Taylor's Rough & Wellmeadow Wood

…with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, elder Sambucus nigra and infrequently dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The southern spur is of a very different character being dominated by alder and ash on extensive flushed slopes. Wellmeadow Wood contains more wild cherry Prunus avium and there are …

Great Hormead Park

…b layer together with the scarcer midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and privet Ligustrum vulgare. Dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis is dominant over much of the woodland floor, but a striking change is seen under the hornbeam's dense shade. Here are …

Cleeve Hill

… strongly colonised by mixed scrub, mainly hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and includes a small areas of coppiced hazel Corylus avellana woodland. The grassland supports a characteristic rich flora including clustered bel…

Dove Valley and Biggin Dale

…he shrub layer is rich with a considerable amount of hazel and abundant dogwood Cornus sanguinea, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and bird cherry Prunus padus. The presence of some pedunculate oak Quercus robur is of particular interest as it suggests a…

Grafton Wood

…y of species including privet Ligustrum vulgare, aspen Populus tremula, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, crab apple Malus sylvestris and blackthorn Prunus spinosa. The ground flora is very diverse. In the drier parts species such as primrose Primula vulgaris, sanicle Sanicula europaea, …

Kingsbury Wood

…a hazel Corylus avellana understorey, with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, dogwood Cornus sanguinea birch and the occasional crab apple Malus sylvestris. There is a smaller area dominated by ash Fraxinus excelsior with oak over hazel understorey with hawthorn, dogwood, elder Sambucu…

Tring Woodlands

…rub layer on upper slopes, though lower down there is more variety with dogwood Cornus sanguinea, field maple Acer campestre, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and coppiced hazel Corylus avellana. A small mixed plantation of larch Larix decidua and species native to the site is sit…

West Harting Down

…and. Yew is prominent in this scrub but hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and dogwood Cornus sanguinea also occur.

Oxenber and Wharfe Woods

… Certain woodland shrub species, such as spindle Euonymus europaeus and dogwood Cornus sanguinea appear to be confined to the crags, possibly because these represent an ungrazed relic of ancient woodland from which other trees and shrubs have spread in response to a past reductio…

Sutton Combe

…onogyna and associated species are traveller's joy Clematis vitalba and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. Breeding butterflies include the commoner downland species as well as the very local Duke of Burgundy fritillary Hamearis lucina, Adonis blue Polyommatus bellargus and marsh fritilla…

Mole Gap to Reigate Escarpment

…sts of a variety of shrubs dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and dogwood Cornus sanguinea, with privet Ligustrum vulgare, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and young yew, ash and whitebeam trees. Some areas on the scarp are dominated by juniper …

Tortoiseshell Wood

…a and field maple Acer campestre are the main understorey species, with dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spindle Euonymus europaeus, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, crab apple Malus sylvestris, aspen Populus tremula, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, willows Salix spp., elder Sambucus nigra and…

Common Hill

…es such as wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spurge laurel Daphne laureola. In areas where the soils are less well drained oak and ash are associated with wych elm Ulmus glabra. This type of woodland is only found on Siluria…

Harting Downs

…p slopes. Whilst on the dip the association is more varied and includes dogwood Cornus sanguinea, gorse Ulex europaeus, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana. Juniper Juniperus communis is common in this mixed scrub and above Bramshott Bottom it is locally…

Hamps and Manifold Valleys

…uent together with a wide variety of other calcicolous shrubs including dogwood Cornus sanguinea, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, spindle Euonymus europaeus and occasional buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica. In the wet valley bottoms there are good examples of stands of alder Alnus gluti…

Potterhanworth Wood

…tern edge support field maple Acer campestre, wild cherry Prunus avium, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and privet Ligustrum vulgare. hazel Corylus avellana forms the shrub layer in the wood's interior. Bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta and wood anemone Anemone nemorosa dominate the wo…

Whetley Meadows

…e Acer campestre, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, hazel Corylus avellana and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The railway bank supports scrub and drier calcareous swards dominated by red fescue Festuca rubra and false brome Brachypodium sylvaticum with the local dyer’s greenweed Genista tin…

West Dean Woods

… field maple Acer campestre are more restricted. Holly Ilex aquifolium, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and goat willow Salix caprea form an intermittent shrub layer. The ground flora varies with the current state of management but is often rich, dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis and e…

Kirton Wood, Notts

…ylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, field maple Acer campestre, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and privet Ligustrum vulgare are the most abundant components. The ground vegetation is dominated by bramble Rubus fruticosus, honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum, cleavers Galium apar…

Great Breach and Copley Woods

…includes wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spindle Euonymus europaeus. The ground flora is also of interest; with many species usually associated with ancient woodlands such as Spurge laurel Daphne laureola, herb paris Par…

Kenninghall & Banham Fens with Quidenham Mere

…siderable planting but the shrubs and ground flora are of interest with dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spindle tree Euonymus europaeus, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, yellow iris Iris pseudacorus, angelica Angelica sylvestris, primrose Primula vulgaris and purple snailreed Calamagrosti…

Old Buckenham Fen

…aded by species rich scrub dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. This scrub contains many other tree and shrub species including ash Fraxinus excelsior, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Much of the southern part of t…

Oxleas Woodlands

…th outcrops of chalk. These include wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The woods are also noteworthy for the large mature wild cherry Prunus avium and the wild service tree Sorbus torminalis. The latter occurs in unusual abundance, no other London woodl…

Hanley Dingle

…e shrub layer of elder Sambucus nigra, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The ground flora is dominated in many areas by bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. However, dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis is locally dominant in the base rich areas and some locally u…

Thurlbear Wood and Quarrylands

…aeus, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The base rich soils support a diverse ground flora. Plants of particular interest include greater butterfly Orchid Platanthera chlorantha, lesser butterfly orchid P. bifolia, bird's …

Craig Ddu - Wharley Point Cliffs

…y in south-west England. Near the cliff tops, maritime scrub (with much dogwood Cornus sanguinea) and low woodland has developed, though where the cliffs are steeper or where only rather skeletal soils are found, there is a more open herbaceous plant community, with localised spe…

Lineover Wood

…, lime loving calcicole shrubs such as wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spindle Euonymus europaeus. The ground flora is rich and varied. The steep slopes are dominated by bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. and dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis, whilst on …

Midger

… laevigata, field maple Acer campestre, crab apple Malus sylvestris and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The ground flora is rich in species. Dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis and bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta are locally dominant. A number of species generally restricted to ancie…

Thorpe Hay Meadow

…aegus monogyna, field maple Acer campestre, spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica. A drainage ditch along two sides of the site supports five species of willow including purple willow Salix purpurea and almond willow Salix triandra.…

Oridge Street Meadows

…hedgerows that surround and divide these fields are diverse and contain dogwood Cornus sanguinea, field maple Acer campestre, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, spindle Euonymus europaeus, English elm Ulmus procera, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare and some matu…

Hod and Hambledon Hills

…halk scrub with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana progressing to incipient ash Fraxinus woodland. There are also areas of long established woodland dominated by ash with field maple Acer campestre.…

Quants

…o present including hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, holly Ilex aquifolium, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum and rowan Sorbus aucuparia. The ground flora is variable and is usually dominated by bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta or dog's mercury Mercurialis…

Knavenhill Wood

…taegus monogyna, hazel Corylus avellana, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and elder Sambucus nigra. The ground flora is dominated by bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. and tufted hair grass Deschampsia cespitosa and in wetter areas by soft rush Juncus effusus an…

Burgate Wood

…le woodland on the more calcareous boulder clays in the valley bottoms. Dogwood Cornus sanguinea, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and spindle tree Euonymus europaeus are characteristic of the calcareous soils. The ground flora contains much dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis with fr…

Coedydd ac Ogofau Elwy a Meirchion

… Ilex aquifolium, spindle Euonymus europaeus, privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and on the especially thin, basic soils, the uncommon spurge laurel Daphne laureola. Yew Taxus baccata also occurs frequently. In the ash-dominated woodland the herb layer is varied, …

Mayhill Wood

…ristic species are also present, such as wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, holly Ilex aquifolium and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana. The ground flora is sparse in the yew dominated areas, where dense shade prevents plant colonisation. In other areas, a var…

Lower Woods

…s monogyna, with silver birch Betula pendula on the more acid soils and dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spindle Euonymus europaeus, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare and guelder rose Viburnum opulus on base rich clays. The ancient woodland indicator wild service tree Sorbus torminalis is l…

Postlebury Wood

… holly Ilex aquifolium, aspen Populus tremula and sallow Salix sp, with dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spindle Euonymus europaeus and guelder rose Viburnum opulus on the more base rich soils. The ground flora is well developed, ranging from communities of bluebell Hyacinthoides non-sc…

Potter's Carr, Cranworth

…Prunus padus is abundant throughout the shrub layer in association with dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Willows are largely confined to the woodland edge, adjacent to the river Blackwater. The ground flora is very diverse and although the wood appears f…

Birchend

…ed by hazel Corylus avellana with a number of calcicole species such as dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spindle Euonymus europaeus, red currant Ribes sylvestris, field maple and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The other area of woodland lies on the side of the ridge and is dominated by m…

Stoney Middleton Dale

…he top of the main daleside, woodland gives way to a scrub community of dogwood Cornus sanguinea; a species now uncommon in Derbyshire daleside woodlands. In Eyam Dale, this is replaced by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and dog rose Rosa canina over a diverse ground flora including …

Tunnel Hill Meadow

…dland edge scrub community. Included here are field rose Rosa arvensis, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, field maple Acer campestre, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and privet Ligustrum vulgare. wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, which is rare in the county, also occurs.

Snitterfield and Bearley Bushes

…aple, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The field layer is dominated by bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta and bramble Rubus fruticosus, but is very rich and includes several species with restricted distribution in Warwick…

Bishop's Hill Wood

…ed by coppiced hazel Corylus avellana, with spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, privet Ligustrum vulgare and guelder rose Viburnum opulus, particularly on lime rich areas. Midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, which is rare in South West England where it reaches…

Birkham Wood

…e is a diverse shrub layer with species such as hazel Corylus avellana, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spindle Euonymus europaeus, field maple Acer campestre, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and elder Sambucus nigra. The ground flora is largely dominated by dog's mercury Mercurialis peren…

Colerne Park and Monk's Wood

…site. A well developed and diverse shrub layer includes such species as dogwood Cornus sanguinea, privet Ligustrum vulgare, spindle Euonymus europaeus and blackthorn Prunus spinosa. The ground flora is dominated by bramble, bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta and dog's mercury Mer…

Sherrardspark Wood

…d exposes calcareous soils. Colonisation by spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus is underway. A typical woodland ride flora is developing forming an important habitat for invertebrates which does not occur elsewhere in the wood.

Midford Valley Woods

…ex aquifolium, privet Ligustrum vulgare, spindle Euonymus europaeus and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The straggling wild clematis Clematis vitalba grow vigorously and is locally frequent. Most of the woodland floor is carpeted by a diverse herb layer comprising extensive areas of ra…

Croham Hurst

… the site. The typical shrubs and trees of the lower wood and scrub are dogwood Cornus sanguinea, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, whitebeam Sorbus aria and privet Ligustrum vulgare. Plants of the species rich oak hazel stands include primrose primrose vulgaris, anemone Anemone nemo…

Wenlock Edge

… dog rose Rosa canina, birch Betula sp., spindle Euonymus europaeus and dogwood Cornus sanguinea form mixed scrub which is locally dense. In some places extensive bryophyte carpets, consisting mainly of Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus and Hylocomium splendens, occur beneath the scrub.…

Bure Broads and Marshes

…gula alnus, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, red currant Ribes sylvestris and common sallow Salix cinerea. Straggling lianas of hop Humulus lupulus are characteristic of these Broadland carrs. The ground flora is diverse with g…

Wormley-Hoddesdonpark Wood South

… Corylus avellana, elder Sambucus nigra, field maple Acer campestre and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa scrub and birch Betula spp. has invaded old clearings. Ancient pollards of hornbeam mark some of the boundaries. The ground flo…

Coed Aberedw

…yer of hazel Corylus avellana and wych elm Ulmus glabra with occasional dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The ground beneath supports a rich and varied flora with frequent dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis, bramble Rubus fruticosus, herb robert Geranium robertianum, hart's-tongue fern A…

Ebbor Gorge

…been coppiced over a wide area. A variety of associated species include dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spindle Euonymus europaeus, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and guelder rose Viburnum opulus and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare. The ground flora is indicative of the calcareous natu…

Cissbury Ring

…pecies including hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spindle Euonymus europaeus. Elsewhere, scrub invasion is more scattered particularly in the area occupied by the old flint mines. There are several juniper bushes Juniperus commun…

Long Dale & Gratton Dale

…rupicola are present. Woodland shrubs include bird cherry Prunus padus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora is dominated by dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis or tufted hair grass Deschampsia cespitosa with a very wide range of other woodla…

Creuddyn

… Ilex aquifolium, spindle Euonymus europaeus, privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and the uncommon spurge laurel Daphne laureola. Yew also occurs here frequently as a small tree or sapling particularly on the rockiest parts where there is limestone pavement. In the…

Peter's Pit

… Lime loving shrubs are also widespread; wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and the climbing traveller's joy Clematis vitalba being particularly frequent. Two aquatic plants which are scarce in Kent are found in the ponds, viz mare's tail Hippuris vulgaris an…

Coughton Wood and Marsh

…ntains a variety of native shrubs including spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and blackcurrant Ribes nigrum. Associated with the woodland is a small area of marsh which is a surviving fragment of the once extensive Coughton Marsh. Prior to its drainage and agr…

The Malvern Hills

…in species in the shrub layer together with field maple Acer campestre, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, holly Ilex aquifolium and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The ground flora contains a range of typical woodland species such as wood sorrel Oxalis acetosella, yellow archangel Lamiastru…

Castle Eden Dene

… Viburnum opulus, spindle Euonymus europaeus, privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spurge laurel Daphne laureola are also significant components of the shrub flora. The species rich ground flora is dominated by wild garlic Allium ursinum with wood anemone Anemon…

Chipstead Downs

…asonium also occur. Peripheral areas of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and dogwood Cornus sanguinea scrub are widespread. The remaining areas of chalk grassland have been largely neglected and extensive areas are dominated by tor grass Brachypodium pinnatum and false brome Brachypod…

Horningtoft Wood

…leaved lime Tilia cordata, aspen Populus tremula, elder Sambucus nigra, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, rowan Sorbus aucuparia and blackthorn Prunus spinosa. The diverse ground flora is dominated by dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis on the heaviest soils and by bramble Rubus agg. on t…

Darenth Wood

…here in Britain. Associated shrubs include field maple Acer campestre, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and midland hawthorn Crataegus leavigata. The ground flora is dominated by bracken Pteridium aquilinum and bramble Rubus fruticosus and includes much …

Dymock Woods

…calcicole lime loving species such as wild privet Ligustrum vulgare and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The ground flora is dominated by bramble Rubus fruticosus and bracken Pteridium aquilinum throughout most of the site. Many typical woodland species such as bluebell Hyacinthoides n…

Whittlewood Forest

… and alongside streams. Calcareous clay soils have other shrubs such as dogwood Cornus sanguinea, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, traveller’s joy Clematis vitalba and spindle Euonymus europaeus. The more acid* sites, with a continuous history of woodland cover from the Middle Ages…

Riddlesdown

…ies including spindle Euonymus europaeus, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana. This is also one of the few remaining localities in Greater London for juniper Juniperus communis, which is present as a small number of scattered…

King's Wood and Urchin Wood

…ropaeus, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spurge laurel Daphne laureola and buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica. The field layer is variable. Although large areas are dominated by bramble Rubus fruticosus and ivy Hedera helix othe…

Hackhurst and White Downs

…e well represented. Common species include hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, silver birch Betula pendula, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, yew Taxus baccata and spindle Euonymus europaeus. Hackhurst Down supports the only sizeable population of juniper Juniperus c…

The Perch

…s where wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spurge laurel Daphne laureola occur. The ground flora also varies. Under the dense shrub layer it is sparse but in the more open areas ivy Hedera helix and dog’s mercury Mercuria…

Wellington Wood

…Prunus avium, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and both native hawthorns Crataegus monogyna and Crataegus laevigata. A particular feature of the wood is the presence of some very fine ancient pollarded large leaved lime Tilia plat…

Eye Brook Valley Woods

…ods possess a varied shrub flora which includes hazel Corylus avellana, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, elder Sambucus nigra, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and goat willow Salix caprea. The ground vegetation is dominate…

Hopwood Dingle

…e is a dense shrub layer dominated by hazel Corylus avellana, with some dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora is largely dominated by bramble Rubus fruticosus, but sweet woodruff Galium odoratum is locally abundant with, in places, town hall …

Clayton to Offham Escarpment

…orn Crataegus monogyna is dominant but wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, whitebeam Sorbus aria, hazel Corylus avellana, spindle Euonymus europaeus and gorse Ulex europaeus all occur. The woodland is variable but often rather sc…

Stockton Railway Cutting and Quarry

…rn Crataegus monogyna and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare with occasional dogwood Cornus sanguinea, lines the railway and has encroached over much of the spoil banks leaving small glades and rides of herb rich grassland. The southern boundary of the area is marked by an ancient spe…

Honeypot Wood, Wendling

…ampestre and willow Salix caprea agg. as well as smaller shrubs such as dogwood Cornus sanguinea, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. There are some standard trees, mostly oak Quercus robur and ash. The long history of continuous coppicing has favoured the …

Math and Elsea Wood

…n Prunus spinosa, spindle Euonymus europaeus, goat willow Salix caprea, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Both woodlands have a rich ground flora, with the species composition tending to vary with soil drainage. The well drained areas are characterised by…

Bodkin Hazel Wood

…includes guelder rose Viburnum opulus, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spindle Euonymus europaeus, yew Taxus baccata, cherry Prunus avium and holly Ilex aquifolium. The ground flora is notably diverse. Dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis carpets the wood…

Fakenham Wood and Sapiston Great Grove

…lude spindle tree Euonymus europaeus, wild crab apple Malus sylvestris, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora is dominated generally by bramble and bracken with dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis locally abundant on boulder clay. A variety of…

Chinnor Hill

…dense mixed scrub of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, elder Sambucus nigra, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, spindle Euonymus europaeus, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, hazel Corylus avellana and tra…

Burrington Combe

…icularly rich. Calcium loving species include privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, yew Taxus baccata, whitebeam Sorbus aria, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. On the less steep and more acidic western slopes and on the level ground a…

Quarry Farm Meadow

…ominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, pedunculate oak Quercus robur, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spindle Euonymus europaeus.

Narborough Bog

…us aucuparia, field maple Acer campestre, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and sloe Prunus spinosa. An exceptionally rich lepidoptera fauna has been recorded from this area of wet woodland and the adjoining reed bed, including several species scarce in Leice…

Park Wood, Chilham

…rub species are also present, together with spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and elder Sambucus nigra. broom Cytisus scoparius and trailing St John's wort Hypericum humifusum are present on less calcareous soils and in the lower part of the dry valley are seve…

Crumpton Hill Wood

…s tremula, field maple Acer campestre, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The ground flora is typical of base rich woodlands, with dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis, woodruff Galium odoratum, sanicle Sanicula europaea and yellow archangel Lamiastrum galeo…

Old Copse, Beenham

…m guelder, rose Viburnum opulus and occasional elder Sambucus nigra and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The ground flora is rich and varied and includes several species indicative of ancient woodland. Some of these are relatively uncommon, such as wild daffodil Narcissus pseudonarcissu…

Pipewell Woods

…nly of hazel Corylus avellana, field maple Acer campestre and ash, with dogwood Cornus sanguinea occurring occasionally. The ground flora is diverse and variable with dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis, bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta and false brome grass Brachypodium sylvat…

Swain's Wood

…ymnadenia conopsea occur. The scrub itself is quite varied and includes dogwood Cornus sanguinea, privet Ligustrum vulgare, dewberry Rubus caesius and briars Rosa canina, Rosa arvensis and R. rubiginosa. The woodlands, which appear to be ancient, are represented in parts by class…

Grays Thurrock Chalk Pit

…ubs include hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, spindle Euomymus europaeus and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The ground flora is dominated by ivy Hedera helix. The areas of open grassland lie predominantly in the northern part of the site with rides and small clearings cut through the dense…

Twinhills Woods and Meadows

…er is dominated by hazel but there is also hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, spindle Euonymus europaeus, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, elder Sambucus nigra and holly Ilex aquifolium. The field layer in Twinhills Wood is dominated …

Chiddingfold Forest

… Salix cinerea, goat willow Salix caprea, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. A few mature pedunculate oak standards have been left. Also included are a small number of recently felled areas which are reverting to low scrub. These are dominated by grey willow…

Kennet Valley Alderwoods

…uelder rose Viburnum opulus with occasional spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica. The wettest parts support yellow flag Iris pseudacorus, lesser pond sedge Carex acutiformis, water horsetail Equisetum fluviatile, hemlock water drop…

Lineage Wood & Railway Track, Long Melford

…alcareous mixed scrub, dominated by blackthorn Prunus spinosa with some dogwood Cornus sanguinea, hazel Corylus avellana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. Lineage Wood was replanted with a mixed conifer and some broadleaf trees, mainly beech Fagus sylvatica, thirty years ago. Desp…

Old Burghclere Lime Quarry

…osa and goat willow Salix caprea, with typical calcicole shrubs such as dogwood Cornus sanguinea and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, is already beginning to exhibit early indications of an eventual succession to woodland, with a young ash Fraxinus / birch Betula component. The v…

Tower Hill to Cockham Wood

…o represented including some characteristic of base rich soils, such as dogwood Cornus sanguinea and others of more acid soils, such as honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum. Amongst the ground flora brambles Rubus fruticosus, dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis and nettles Urtica dio…

Barn Meadow

…ub species including aspen Populus tremula, field maple Acer campestre, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare.

Micklefield Meadow

…es including pedunculate oak Quercus robur, field maple Acer campestre, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare.

Willoughby Wood

…within the wood, on pockets of lime rich soil. The shrub layer includes dogwood Cornus sanguinea, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, goat willow Salix caprea and the occasional thicket of blackthorn Prunus spinosa. The more open canopy has a ground flora dominated by bramble Rubus fr…

Waresley Wood

…nclude woodland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and dog rose Rosa canina. Parts of the wood were replanted earlier this century with oak, beech and sycamore, but the ground flora of these areas stil…

Tindall Wood, Ditchingham

… Acer campestre and hazel Corylus avellana. spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata are frequent shrubs on the heaviest soils where there is also a rich ground flora. Dog’s mercury Mercurialis per…

Whitevine Meadows

…loving species privet Ligustrum vulgare, spindle Euonymus europaeus and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The scrub provides nest sites for several species of bird, including nightingale Luscinia megarhynchos. Clearings within the scrub support a mixed flora with saw wort Serratula tinct…

Handcocks Bottom

…od range of lime loving shrubs including wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spindle Euonymus europaeus, as well as the more ubiquitous hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa. The rich ground flora, also reflects the geological variation…

Naunton Court Meadows

…stre, midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica. Butterflies present in the meadows include orange tip Anthocharis cardamines and common blue Polyommatus icarus.

Monk's Dale

… rupicola are present. Woodland shrubs include bird cherry Prunus padus dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora is dominated by dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis or tufted hair grass Deschampsia cespitosa with a very wide range of other woodla…

Ham Hill

…rivet Ligustrum vulgare and occasional wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica. This mixed scrub habitat is attractive to a number of bird species including tree pipit, yellowhammer, blackcap and whitethroat. The botanical diver…

Cheddar Wood

…itish examples. Shrubs present include wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spindle Euonymus europaeus. The ground flora is varied, with bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta, dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis and wood anemone Anemone nemorosa abundant over…

Hoad's Wood

…mmon and there are many shrubs associated with calcareous soils such as dogwood Cornus sanguinea and purging buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica. Brambles and bluebells Hyacinthoides non-scripta are the commonest plants in the herb layer. Many other plants also occur including sanicle S…

Blandford Camp

…m lantana are frequent with scattered traveller’s joy Clematis vitalba, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare and hazel Corylus avellana. The intimate juxtaposition of scrub, tall and short grassland provides habitat for birds such as whitethroat Sylvia communi…

Upper Hall Farm Quarry and Grassland

…sociated with old hedgerows. Shrubs include spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica. Ash Fraxinus excelsior is the main species in the canopy of the small area of woodland. The mosaic of woodland, scrub and grassland has encouraged a…

Hanger Wood

… strongly associated with ancient woodland sites. Other species include dogwood Cornus sanguinea, privet Ligustrum vulgare, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and holly Ilex aquifolium. blackthorn Prunus spinosa locally forms dense thickets while wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and spi…

Purn Hill

…lso supports large stands of mixed scrub with privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spindle Euonymus europaeus, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa and patches of gorse Ulex europaeus on more leached soils. The scrub grades into immature second…

Forest Banks

…tes a 'lowland maple ash limewood' stand type, here with shrubs such as dogwood Cornus sanguinea, crab apple Malus sylvestris and spindle Euonymus europaeus. hazel Corylus avellana, occurs commonly across the scarp. At the base of the slope and in the valley bottoms alder Alnus g…

Ryde Sands and Wootton Creek

…us avellana understorey has given rise to diverse shrub layer including dogwood Cornus sanguinea, butcher's broom Ruscus aculeatus, spindle Euonymus europaeus and guelder rose Viburnum opulus and a rich ground flora including golden rod Solidago virgaurea, wild daffodil Narcissus…

Vallis Vale

…ich also includes spindle Euonymus europaeus, privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Ground flora species usually restricted to ancient woodlands include wood spruge Euphorbia amygdaloides, wood anemone Anemone nemorosa, yellow archa…

Lorton

… Corylus avellana, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, holly Ilex aquifolium, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and privet Ligustrum vulgare. There is also a rich ground flora which includes frequent stinking iris Iris foetidissima, and, in the wetter areas pendulous sedge Carex pendula. Four o…

Prior's Park & Adcombe Wood

…hrub species present include the calcicoles spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana. The ground flora contains abundant bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta, lords and ladies Arum maculatum, dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis and sti…

Kingley Vale

…f the escarpment is principally of yew, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. Juniper Juniperus communis, a plant which has a restricted distribution in the county, occurs as an important component of the calcareous scrub in parts of the site but suffers from …

Higher Houghton

…prominent feature of this site. In their diversity of species including dogwood Cornus sanguinea, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, spindle Euonymus europaeus and whitebeam Sorbus aria, the scrub communities show strong affinities to those of central southern England. Swards of more…

Sheepleas

…ted distribution in Surrey. Mixed scrub of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, spindle Euonymus europaeus and hazel has encroached on the chalk grassland in many parts of the site. Associated with the scrub communities are two pla…

Axmouth to Lyme Regis Under Cliffs

…ple Acer campestre, with a thick understorey of hazel Corylus avellana, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spindle Euonymus europaeus, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and other shrub species. There is a mosaic of developing woodland and scrub, together with abundant climbers, notably traveller'…

Cressbrook Dale

… rupicola are present. Woodland shrubs include bird cherry Prunus padus dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora is dominated by dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis or tufted hair grass Deschampsia cespitosa with a very wide range of other woodla…

Draycott Sleights

…s excelsior with common whitebeam Sorbus aria, elder Sambucus nigra and dogwood Cornus sanguinea is present. The varied topography together with the widespread scrub provide a number of locations with ideal conditions for invertebrates. Draycott Sleights supports a rich butterfly…

Arreton Down

…rich in species such as hazel Corylus avellana, ash Fraxinus excelsior, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana. The mix of scrub types provides valuable nesting sites for birds such as linnet, yellowhammer, whitethroat and, at the base of the scrub, partridg…

Banhaw, Spring and Blackthorn's Woods

…land hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, wild service tree Sorbus torminalis, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus also occurring. The ground flora in all the woods is rich and varied with some areas dominated by dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis and bluebell Hyac…

Halesend Wood

…alix caprea as well as several characteristic calcicole species such as dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spindle Euonymus europaeus and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare. Amongst the locally uncommon plants found in the ground flora are wild daffodil Narcissus pseudonarcissus, toothwort Lat…

Butser Hill

…f scrub into remaining open downland, with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and blackthorn Prunus spinosa particularly evident. Young yew trees are clearly advancing in the cover which thorn affords. All aspects and a variety of conditions of shelter are foun…

Grangelands & Pulpit Hill

…om of the scarp and as well as the species already noted, these contain dogwood Cornus sanguinea, privet Ligustrum vulgare, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, field maple Acer campestre, crab apple Malus sylvestris, birch Betula pubescens, hornbeam Car…

Areley Wood

…birch Betula pendula, hazel Corylus avellana, wild cherry Prunus avium, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, holly Ilex aquifolium, rowan Sorbus aucuparia, wild service Sorbus domestica and crab apple Malus sylvestris. Small areas of conifer are present. Along the Gladder Brook valley the w…

Wakerley Spinney

…rataegus laevigata, hazel Corylus avellana, field maple Acer campestre, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and crab apple Malus sylvestris. The herb layer is typically bramble Rubus fruticosus, dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis and grasses such as wood meadow grass Poa nemoralis and wood …

Friar's Oven

…e oak Quercus robur, ash Fraxinus excelsior, hazel Corylus avellana and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The large rock outcrop in the northern field supports further species including maidenhair spleenwort Asplenium trichomanes, wall rue Asplenium ruta-muraria and wild thyme Thymus pra…

Dancersend

…is hirsuta. Scrub encroachment into the grassland areas, especially by dogwood Cornus sanguinea, has been a recurrent problem on which much of the experimental work continues to focus. Nevertheless, this invasive shrub is an attractive and important feature in its own right, whe…

Elsworth Wood

…lso occur include elder Sambucus nigra, crab apple Malus sylvestris and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The ground flora is typical of a wood on calcareous boulder clay, being largely dominated by dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis and bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta. More notable s…

Smithcombe, Sharpenhoe and Sundon Hills

…ch soil, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and hazel Corylus avellana. An uncommon rose, Rosa stylosa, is also found. Ash Fraxinus excelsior occurs in the beech high forest over a shrub layer of privet Ligustrum vulgare, holly…

Cogley Wood

… sylvestris are scattered throughout, while spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana are confined to the neutral soils. The ground flora is diverse, varying according to soil type and drainage. dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis or …

Throope Down

…scrub. The scrub is botanically rich with buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spindle Euonymus europaeus occurring amongst the widespread hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and gorse Ulex europaeus. Associated with the scrub is hound's tongue Cynoglossum officinal…

Studland Cliffs

…ogs mercury Mercurialis perennis. Mature spindle Euonymus europaeus and dogwood Cornus sanguinea are frequent as fringing scrub. The wood has a rich invertebrate fauna with a number of uncommon species. These include the beetles Grynobius planus, Ptinomorphus imperialis and Rhync…

King's Quay Shore

…ppice with a variety of shrubs indicative of calcium rich soils such as dogwood Cornus sanguinea and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana. The ground flora is often very rich in a variety of woodland plants typical of ancient woodlands, such as butcher’s broom Ruscus aculeatus, early…

Malvern Common

…in species in the shrub layer together with field maple Acer campestre, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, holly Ilex aquifolium and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The ground flora contains a range of typical woodland species such as wood-sorrel Oxalis acetosella, yellow archangel Lamiastru…

Milden Thicks

…laevigata, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, spindle Euonymus europaeus and dogwood Cornus sanguinea present. The ground flora, although dominated by bramble Rubus sp has an equal variety of species including violet helleborine Epipactis purpurata, bird's nest orchid Neottia nidus-av…

Topley Pike and Deep Dale

…rupicola are present. Woodland shrubs include bird cherry Prunus padus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora is dominated by dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis or tufted hair grass Deschampsia cespitosa with a very wide range of other woodla…

Masson Hill

… including field maple Acer campestre, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The ground flora is dominated locally by ivy Hedera helix and dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis, with abundant woodruff Galium odoratum, sanicle Sanicula europaea, wood melick Melic…

Saltbox Hill

…edominantly single species stands. Elsewhere associated shrubs include, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana. The combination of habitats, from high woodland to sheltered grassland slopes rich in nectar yielding plants, suppor…

Treswell Wood

…y contains abundant hazel Corylus avellana, field maple Acer campestre, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, crab apple Malus sylvestris, elder Sambucus nigra and, locally, aspen Populus tremula and sloe Prunus spinosa. Ther…

The Cheddar Complex

…us baccata, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, common whitebeam Sorbus aria, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana. The nationally scarce Sorbus porrigentiformis and the nationally rare Sorbus anglica also occur. The lower plant interest of the site is consider…

Yellow House Meadow

…le Acer campestre, ash Fraxinus excelsior, crack willow Salix fragilis, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and crab apple Malus sylvestris. The meadow supports a strong colony of the common blue butterfly Polyommatus icarus.

Wouldham to Detling Escarpment

… varied scrub develops, with more than a dozen shrub species, including dogwood Cornus sanguinea, privet, hazel, hawthorn, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, yew and the rare** box. Eventually tree species become dominant and woodland develops. The ground flora, which begins as ra…

Breedon Cloud Wood and Quarry

…h elm Ulmus glabra, hazel Corylus avellana, field maple Acer campestre, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and in places, small leaved lime Tilia cordata. Variations in soil moisture and pH are reflected by the richness and variety of the ground flora. Dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis an…

Chanctonbury Hill

…lsewhere there are rich plant communities; these include shrubs such as dogwood Cornus sanguinea, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and elder Sambucus nigra above a field layer which is dominated by dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis, ivy Hedera helix…

Cernydd Carmel

…typical of calcareous woodlands in the south of England -shrubs such as dogwood Cornus sanguinea, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, spindle Euonymus europaeus and traveller’s joy Clematis vitalba. Yew Taxus baccata and rowan Sorbus aucuparia occur on the site. The ground flora is div…

Banstead Downs

…also includes a number of species characteristic of chalk sites such as dogwood Cornus sanguinea, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and the local rarity, juniper Juniperus communis. Scrub also occurs in association with the pioneer birch Betula pendula / …

Pwll-du Head and Bishopston Valley

…hrub layer includes hazel Corylus avellana, spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora consists of bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta, enchanter’s nightshade Circaea lutetiana, sanicle Sanicula europaea, dog’s mercury M…

Pwll-y-wrach

… characteristic of base-rich soils, such as spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, guelder-rose Viburnum opulus and field maple. hazel Corylus avellana is frequent throughout the wood. Wych elm Ulmus glabra, once frequent, has much decreased recently, due to Dutch …

Langford Heathfield

…us monogyna are scattered throughout, while spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus are restricted to areas with more calcareous soils. Dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis or bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta, dominate the field layer…

Leighfield Forest

…r campestre is often dense and the mixed association of shrubs includes dogwood Cornus sanguinea, midland hawthorn Crataegus lsevigata and privet Ligustrum vulgare. The ground flora is dominated by dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis, with clumps of tufted hair grass Deschampsia c…

Oxhouse Farm

…atis vitalba occurring commonly and also wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and willows Salix cinerea and Salix aurita. The eastern grazed field is species rich with abundant knapweed Centaurea nigra and C. scabiosa, woolly th…

Galley Down Wood

…is vegetation persists. Scrub species such as privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, whitebeam Sorbus aria and buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica are abundant. Common spotted orchid Dactylorhiza fuchsii and greater butterfly orchid Platanth…

East Wood, Great Casterton

… of shrub species is present characterised by privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, hazel Corylus avellana and spindle Euonymus europaeus. In wetter areas the ground flora is dominated by tufted hair grass Deschampsia cespitosa, but on t…

Broughton Far Wood

…ymus europaeus, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and hazel Corylus avellana. The ground flora is dominated by dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis, other species including enchanter's nightshade Circaea l…

Brown's Folly

…s scrub is widespread on grassy banks and many of the disused quarries. dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spindle Euonymus europaeus, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and yew Taxus baccata are common. The scrub grades into unimproved calcareous grassland dom…

Hang Wood

…h and includes guelder rose Viburnum opulus, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and apple Malus sylvestris. The ground flora is dominated by bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta, dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis and sweet woodruff Galium odoratum. Early purple or…

Hales and Shadwell Woods

…m lantana, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, Spurge laurel Daphne laureola, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, red currant Ribes sylvestris and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare. The ground flora is dominated by bramble Rubus sp., dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis, bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scr…

Fivehead Woods and Meadow

…l the most common species. Other shrub species which are common include dogwood Cornus sanguinea, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, spindle Euonymus europaeus and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora in the woods is …

Hoplands Wood

…Coppiced hazel Corylus avellana is within a species rich shrub layer of dogwood Cornus sanguinea, goat willow Salix caprea, holly Ilex aquifolium, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and blackthorn Prunus spinosa. Dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis is locally abundant. Elsewhere bramble…

Merriman's Hill Farm Meadows

…of woody species including holly Ilex aquifolium, gorse Ulex europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and more important, small leaved lime Tilia cordata – an uncommon plant in the county.

Marble Quarry and Hale Fell

…osa canina. Wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, spindle Euonymus europaeus, dog wood Cornus sanguinea and alder buckthorn Frangula alnus are all scattered throughout the pavements but rarely grow to any size. The occurrence of buckthorn, spindle and dogwood is of particular interest a…

Woldingham & Oxted Downs

…urs throughout the site and is composed of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, whitebeam Sorbus aria, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare and spindle Euonymus europaeus. The ground vegetation is composed of dog's mercury Mercurialis p…

Bevercotes Park

…ylus avellana, field maple Acer campestre, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and privet Ligustrum vulgare, in association with an extensive development of woody climbers and ramblers such as honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum, black bryony Tamus communis, rose …

Geddington Chase

…aegus lsevigata, field maple Acer campestre, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and grey willow Salix cinerea. Mixed plantations occur in some areas. The ground flora is typically diverse with bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta, dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis…

Little Paxton Wood

…gata form a discontinuous shrub layer with associated species including dogwood Cornus sanguinea, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, crab apple Malus sylvestris, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, spindle Euonymus europaeus and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora is heavily …

Whippendell Wood

…rub species include holly Ilex aquifolium, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and wild cherry Prunus avium with occasional spindle Euonymus europaeus. The ground flora is typical of such conditions and is dominated by Yorkshire fog Holcus lanatus, bluebell Hyac…

Sapperton & Pickworth Woods

…mus europaeus, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, aspen Populus tremula and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The woodlands have a rich and varied ground flora, reflecting local variations in soil moisture and base status. The more acidic areas are characterised by bramble Rubus fruticosus, …

Brotheridge Green Disused Railway Line

…shrub communities again reflect the calcareous nature of the site, with dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spindle Euonymus europaeus and privet Ligustrum vulgare. The dominant tree species in the hedgerows are ash Fraxinus excelsior and oak Quercus robur. The wealth and diversity of the …

Salt Meadow, Earl's Common

…eadow. The surrounding old hedges include wild privet Ligustrum vulgare dogwood Cornus sanguinea and field maple Acer campestre.

Redhill Wood

…d. Both the heavy soil variant in which Rosa spp., sallow Salix caprea, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and aspen Populus tremula are common and the light soil variant, in which elder Sambucus nigra becomes prominent, occur at the site, but the former is particularly well represented an…

Coombs Dale

…g a light woodland where ash has developed over screes. hazel with ash, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and a variety of other shrubs forms areas of scrub with a diversity of structure. In places this becomes the more open 'retrogressive' scrub with abundant bloody cranesbill Geranium s…

Starling Bank

…Ulmus glabra, field maple Acer campestre, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and dogwood Cornus sanguinea.

Swineshead Wood

…hich becomes locally dominant. Other species in the shrub layer include dogwood Cornus sanguinea, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, crab apple Malus sylvestris and midland hawthorn Cratagaeus laevigata. aspen Populus tremula forms small groves. bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta a…

Greatwood and Cliff Copses

…rylus avellana coppice stools commonly with field maple Acer campestre, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and in wetter areas goat willow Salix caprea. The woodland floor is very varied in form and flora. Its upper slopes are punctuated by a series of old stone quarries which are interspe…

Ridgeway Wood

…ccur including field maple Acer campestre, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, wild rivet Ligustrum vulgare, hazel Corylus avellana and wild service tree Sorbus torminalis; a characteristic species of ancient woodland. Some specimens of this tree have reached u…

Stock Wood Meadows

…e Viburnum opulus, hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, field maple Acer campestre, spindle Euonymus europaeus, pedunculateoak Quercus robur and elder Sambucus nigra.

Briddlesford Copses

…is perennis and lime loving shrubs such as privet Ligustrum vulgare and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. Further upstream, at the head of Wootton Creek, an important stand of wych elm Ulmus glabra occurs, also on strongly base enriched but very wet alluvial soils. Although the largest w…

Firle Escarpment

…inosa, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and dogwood Cornus sanguinea also occur in places. The Firle, Roundhead and Loose plantations at the foot of the escarpment consist of mature beech Fagus sylvatica with ash Fraxinus excelsior, sycamore Acer pseud…

Kingston Wood and Outliers

…pinosa, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, spindle Euonymus europaeus and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The ground flora is typically of the dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta type. Other herbs include the nationally restricted oxlip Primula elatior,…

Kingston Escarpment & Iford Hill

…odd bushes of gorse, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, elder Sambucus nigra, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana occur throughout. Kingston Escarpment is noted for its invertebrate fauna which includes the nationally rare and specially protected wart biter gra…

Aldbury Nowers

…n invaded by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spindle tree Euonymus europaeus to produce a mosaic of scrub and grassland, which is important for some invertebrate species. In the more open areas the sward is dominated by red…

St. Catherine's Hill

…vet Ligustrum vulgare, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, rose Rosa species and dogwood Cornus sanguinea occupy the north facing slopes of the valley and hill fort, with isolated shrubs scattered elsewhere. The presence of young sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus, Norway maple Acer platanoides…

Long Itchington & Ufton Woods

…h hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. There are also patches of field maple Acer campestre and small leaved lime Tilia cordata present. The structure of the shrub layer is variable in both height and density as a result …

Cleaves Wood

… include wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and common whitebeam Sorbus aria. In the valley bottom wetter soils support alder Alnus glutinosa and goat willow Salix caprea, which also occurs in wet areas elsewhere in the wood. T…

Halnaker Chalk Pit

…crub beyond the top of the pit is dominated by elder Sambucus nigra and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. As the scrub grows into mature woodland English oak Quercus robur and ash Fraxinus excelsior are the dominant species. Notes *nationally rare species are those occurring in 1 15 of …

Arfordir Marros-Pentywyn / Marros-Pendine Coast

…a diverse range of other species, including spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and young growths of wych elm Ulmus glabra. Similarly, the ground flora is rich, with a colourful array of vernal species such as wood anemone Anemone nemorosa, primrose Primula vulga…

Wolford Wood and Old Covert

…y local in its distribution in the woods. Other species present include dogwood Cornus sanguinea, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, field rose Rosa arvensis, hawthorn. Crataegus monogyna and ivy Hedera helix. In Old Covert there are a number of groups of ash and wych elm Ulmus glabr…

Newtown Harbour

…rubs associated with calcareous soils such as privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spindle Euonymus europaeus. There are a number of species associated with old woodlands such as butcher’s broom Ruscus aculeatus, bluebells Hyacinthoides non-scripta and wood anem…

Long Meadow, Thorn

…es spindle Euonymus europaeus, purging buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. This bank with its scrub communities provides cover for an extensive badger sett. The meadow has been selected as a species rich neutral grassland characterised by plants such as cow…

Aston Grove & Withycombe Wood

… wych elm Ulmus glabra and two shrubs associated with calcareous soils, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare. Dutch elm disease has affected many of the bigger elms which have now been felled. The elm that remains consists mainly of coppice stools. The secon…

Dillington Carr, Gressenhall

… floor. Alder forms extensive stands with guelder rose Viburnum opulus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and common sallow. The semi liquid muds support a mixed ground flora which includes yellow flag Iris pseudacorus, angelica Angelica sylvestris, lesser pond sedge Carexacutiformis, mar…

Whitecross Green and Oriel Woods

…us laevigata, spindle Euonymus europaeus, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum. sycamore is confined to the southern corner of Upper Wood. Typical of the field layer are bluebell Hyacinthoides n…

Wormley-Hoddesdonpark Woods North

… indicator of ancient woodland. The shrub layer is well developed with dogwood Cornus sanguinea, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and holly Ilex aquifolium widespread. A diverse ground flora is dominated by dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis and grasses such as wood meadow grass Poa…

The Wilderness & Vermin Valley

…ls are deeper and more base rich the shrubs are more varied and include dogwood Cornus sanguinea, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, spindle Euonymus europaeus and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare. The diverse ground flora includes, on the drier soils bramble Rubus fruticosus, bluebell H…

Rookery Cottage Meadows

…, with midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and ash Fraxinus excelsior.

River Lemon Valley Woods

…ropaeus, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and crab apple Malus sylvestris. The ground flora is species-rich and luxuriant, with many species characteristic of woodland on calcareous soils. The most notable species are butcher…

Via Gellia Woodlands

…rataegus monogyna with abundant field maple, rowan Sorbus aucuparia and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. Scarcer species include spindle Euonymus europaeus which is locally very uncommon and the nationally rare shrub mezereon Daphne mezereum. The ground flora is very variable and reflec…

Yardley Chase

…monogyna, midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, hazel Corylus avellana, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum is an abundant climber in places and is important as the larval food plant for the uncommon butterfly white admiral…

Wolstonbury Hill

…with typical chalk loving shrubs such as wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna.

Combe Wood and Linkenholt Hanging

…sii. Nearby areas of scrub are composed of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare and other shrubs. These areas support many insects including the Pyralid moth Pyrausta nigrata, the common ground hopper Tetrix undulata and butterflies…

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