Portrush West Strand

Site of Special Scientific Interest · 55.2019, -6.6567

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Antrim County

Climate exposure

This is about exposure to a nationwide pressure this habitat type carries — not a verdict on this site's own management.

Peatland

Peat habitats store centuries of carbon and depend on a stable, waterlogged water table. Warmer, drier summers dry out peat, making it far more vulnerable to wildfire and to carbon release — a pressure that can undo years of restoration work regardless of how well the site is otherwise managed.

Coastal

Coastal habitats are exposed to sea-level rise and storm erosion. Where hard sea defences sit behind them, there's nowhere landward to retreat to — a squeeze that keeps compressing the habitat no matter how well it's managed.

Habitats

Sand dune, Upland spring flush, Valley mire

Geology & landscape

Geological Period: Quaternary · Rock Type: Glacial Till

Landscape processes: Coastal, Glacial, Karst, Peatland / Mire

Description

Portrush West Strand Sealevel history A bed of peat containing large fragments of wood, including the stumps and trunks of trees, is infrequently exposed on the West Strand beach at Portrush. The site is important in understanding and dating sea level changes on the north coast in the period since the last ice age. The lowest buried blown sands are potentially some of the earliest known Holocene post-glacial dunes in the British Isles. The West Strand peat was first noted in 1888 but was not subjected to detailed analysis until 1949. Then plant pollen and fossil wood, together with the series of sands and peat, where described as part the pioneering work on Irish environmental studies, undertaken by Professor Knud Jessen. The peat developed on earlier older than 7,310 years before present low sand dunes as rising sea-levelled to restricted drainage and waterlogging. Post 5,900 years BP, a beach developed on the peat. The peat has been shown to change upwards from fen peat into Phragmites or common reed peat containing abundant fossil material, especially wood of alder Alnus sp. and birch Betula sp. A borehole put down through the beach to the north of Castle Erin has produced evidence of an even older peat. The sediment series recorded, started in the lower dune sand, and included another, probably older, layer of peat underneath. This was underlain in turn by a series of sands and boulders before reaching the boulder clay left at the end of the last ice age. While no dates are available for these materials, they are clearly older than 7,310 BP. https://www.daera-ni.gov.uk/publications/portrush-west-strand-assi

Plant communities

M2 — Blanket bog, Raised bog, Valley mire

Sphagnum cuspidatum/recurvum bog pool community

Empetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Erica tetralix, Myrica gale, Andromeda polifolia, Vaccinium oxycoccos, Carex canescens, Carex magellanica, Carex rostrata, Eriophorum angustifolium, Eriophorum vaginatum, Rhynchospora alba, Aulacomnium palustre, Polytrichum commune, Polytrichum strictum, Sphagnum cuspidatum, Sphagnum fallax, Sphagnum magellanicum, Sphagnum palustre, Sphagnum papillosum, Sphagnum pulchrum, Sphagnum tenellum, Cephalozia connivens, Cephalozia lunulifolia, Gymnocolea inflata, Mylia anomala, Ordontoschisma sphagni, Cladonia impexa, Cladonia uncialis, Drosera anglica, Drosera intermedia, Drosera rotundifolia, Menyanthes trifoliata, Narthecium ossifragum, Agrostis canina, Deschampsia flexuosa, Molinia caerulea

M4 — Upland spring flush

Carex rostrata-Sphagnum recurvum mire

Carex canescens, Carex echinata, Carex limosa, Carex nigra, Carex rostrata, Eriophorum angustifolium, Eriophorum vaginatum, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus bulbosus, Juncus effusus, Aulacomnium palustre, Hypnum jutlandicum, Straminergon stramineum, Warnstorfia exannulata, Polytrichum commune, Sphagnum auriculatum, Sphagnum cuspidatum, Sphagnum fallax, Sphagnum palustre, Sphagnum papillosum, Sphagnum squarrosum, Sphagnum subnitens, Lophocolea bidentata, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Cardamine pratensis, Succisa pratensis, Stellaria alsine, Drosera rotundifolia, Equisetum fluviatile, Hypericum elodes, Iris pseudacorus, Menyanthes trifoliata, Montia fontana, Epilobium anagallidifolium, Rumex acetosa, Potamogeton polygonifolius, Lysimachia thyrsiflora, Comarum palustre, Potentilla erecta, Galium palustre, Galium saxatile, Galium uliginosum, Saxifraga stellaris, Viola palustris, Agrostis canina, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Deschampsia flexuosa, Glyceria fluitans, Molinia caerulea

M5 — Limestone pavement, Upland spring flush

Carex rostrata-Sphagnum squarrosum mire

Carex canescens, Carex echinata, Carex nigra, Carex rostrata, Eriophorum angustifolium, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus bulbosus, Juncus effusus, Luzula multiflora, Aulacomnium palustre, Bryum pseudotriquetrum, Plagiomnium rostratum, Rhizomnium pseudopunctatum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Straminergon stramineum, Polytrichum commune, Sphagnum contortum, Sphagnum fallax, Sphagnum fimbriatum, Sphagnum palustre, Sphagnum squarrosum, Sphagnum subnitens, Sphagnum teres, Chiloscyphus polyanthos, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Caltha palustris, Cirsium palustre, Myosotis scorpioides, Cardamine pratensis, Succisa pratensis, Silene flos-cuculi, Stellaria alsine, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Mentha aquatica, Menyanthes trifoliata, Epilobium palustre, Rumex acetosa, Ranunculus flammula, Comarum palustre, Filipendula ulmaria, Galium palustre, Viola palustris, Agrostis canina, Deschampsia flexuosa, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Phragmites australis

M6 — Upland spring flush

Carex echinata-Sphagnum recurvum/auriculatum mire

Erica tetralix, Myrica gale, Vaccinium oxycoccos, Carex canescens, Carex demissa, Carex dioica, Carex echinata, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex pulicaris, Carex rostrata, Eriophorum angustifolium, Eriophorum vaginatum, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus bulbosus, Juncus effusus, Juncus squarrosus, Luzula multiflora, Aulacomnium palustre, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Hypnum jutlandicum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Straminergon stramineum, Warnstorfia exannulata, Polytrichum commune, Sphagnum auriculatum, Sphagnum capillifolium, Sphagnum fallax, Sphagnum palustre, Sphagnum papillosum, Sphagnum subnitens, Lophocolea bidentata, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Cirsium palustre, Cardamine pratensis, Succisa pratensis, Drosera rotundifolia, Lotus pedunculatus, Menyanthes trifoliata, Narthecium ossifragum, Epilobium palustre, Rumex acetosa, Ranunculus flammula, Comarum palustre, Potentilla erecta, Galium palustre, Galium saxatile, Viola palustris, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Festuca ovina, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta

M7 — Upland spring flush

Carex curta-Sphagnum russowii mire

Vaccinium myrtillus, Carex aquatilis, Carex bigelowii, Carex canescens, Carex echinata, Carex nigra, Carex rariflora, Carex rostrata, Eriophorum angustifolium, Eriophorum vaginatum, Trichophorum cespitosum, Juncus bulbosus, Juncus squarrosus, Luzula multiflora, Aulacomnium palustre, Philonotis fontana, Pohlia nutans, Dicranum scoparium, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Hylocomium splendens, Straminergon stramineum, Warnstorfia exannulata, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Polytrichum commune, Polytrichum strictum, Sphagnum auriculatum, Sphagnum capillifolium, Sphagnum compactum, Sphagnum cuspidatum, Sphagnum fallax, Sphagnum girgensohnii, Sphagnum lindbergii, Sphagnum magellanicum, Sphagnum papillosum, Sphagnum riparium, Sphagnum russowii, Sphagnum subnitens, Sphagnum teres, Lophozia ventricosa, Ptilidium ciliare, Scapania uliginosa, Scapania undulata, Pellia epiphylla, Cladonia arbuscula, Epilobium anagallidifolium, Epilobium palustre, Trientalis europaea, Rubus chamaemorus, Galium saxatile, Saxifraga stellaris, Viola palustris, Agrostis canina, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca vivipara, Nardus stricta

M8 — Upland spring flush

Carex rostrata-Sphagnum warnstorfii mire

Salix aurita, Empetrum nigrum, Empetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Erica tetralix, Carex bigelowii, Carex canescens, Carex demissa, Carex dioica, Carex echinata, Carex lepidocarpa, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex pulicaris, Carex rostrata, Carex saxatilis, Eriophorum angustifolium, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus bulbosus, Juncus effusus, Luzula multiflora, Luzula sylvatica, Selaginella selaginoides, Aulacomnium palustre, Bryum pseudotriquetrum, Philonotis fontana, Plagiomnium rostratum, Rhizomnium pseudopunctatum, Dicranum bonjeanii, Dicrodontium palustris, Fissidens adianthoides, Brachythecium rivulare, Brachythecium rutabulum, Calliergon giganteum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Climacium dendroides, Ctenidium molluscum, Drepanocladus fluitans, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum jutlandicum, Pleurozium schreberi, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Ptilium crista-castrensis, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Scorpidium revolvens, Straminergon stramineum, Thuidium delicatulum, Thuidium tamariscinum, Tomentypnum nitens, Polytrichum commune, Sphagnum contortum, Sphagnum fallax, Sphagnum girgensohnii, Sphagnum palustre, Sphagnum papillosum, Sphagnum squarrosum, Sphagnum subnitens, Sphagnum subsecundum, Sphagnum teres, Sphagnum warnstorfii, Calypogeia fissa, Calypogeia trichomanis, Chiloscyphus polyanthos, Jungermannia atrovirens, Leiocolea bantriensis, Lophocolea bidentata, Ptilidium ciliare, Scapania nemorea, Scapania undulata, Tritomaria quinquedentata, Harpanthus flotovianus, Aneura pinguis, Pellia endiviifolia, Pellia epiphylla, Riccardia multifida, Caltha palustris, Cirsium palustre, Crepis paludosa, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Cardamine pratensis, Valeriana dioica, Cerastium fontanum, Parnassia palustris, Drosera rotundifolia, Equisetum palustre, Triglochin palustre, Pinguicula vulgaris, Linum catharticum, Epilobium anagallidifolium, Epilobium palustre, Euphrasia officinalis, Pedicularis palustris, Veronica scutellata, Polygonum viviparum, Potamogeton polygonifolius, Trientalis europaea, Ranunculus acris, Thalictrum alpinum, Alchemilla glabra, Alchemilla vestita, Alchemilla vulgaris, Comarum palustre, Potentilla erecta, Galium palustre, Galium saxatile, Viola palustris, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Festuca vivipara, Nardus stricta

M9 — Lowland fen, Upland spring flush

Carex rostrata-Calliergon cuspidatum/giganteum mire

Salix cinerea, Salix repens, Betula pubescens, Carex appropinquata, Carex demissa, Carex diandra, Carex dioica, Carex echinata, Carex flacca, Carex hostiana, Carex lasiocarpa, Carex lepidocarpa, Carex limosa, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex paniculata, Carex rostrata, Carex serotina, Cladium mariscus, Eriophorum angustifolium, Schoenus nigricans, Eleocharis quinqueflora, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus bulbosus, Juncus subnodulosus, Aulacomnium palustre, Bryum pseudotriquetrum, Plagiomnium affine, Plagiomnium elatum, Plagiomnium rostratum, Plagiomnium undulatum, Rhizomnium pseudopunctatum, Calliergon cordifolium, Calliergon giganteum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Climacium dendroides, Cratoneuron filicinum, Ctenidium molluscum, Hylocomium splendens, Palustriella commutatum, Scorpidium revolvens, Scorpidium scorpioides, Sphagnum contortum, Sphagnum fallax, Sphagnum inundatum, Sphagnum subnitens, Sphagnum warnstorfii, Aneura pinguis, Angelica sylvestris, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Caltha palustris, Cirsium palustre, Crepis paludosa, Eupatorium cannabinum, Cardamine pratensis, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana dioica, Valeriana officinalis, Silene flos-cuculi, Parnassia palustris, Drosera rotundifolia, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Pyrola rotundifolia, Lotus pedunculatus, Vicia cracca, Triglochin palustre, Mentha aquatica, Pinguicula vulgaris, Utricularia spp., Lythrum salicaria, Menyanthes trifoliata, Narthecium ossifragum, Epilobium palustre, Dactylorhiza fuchsii, Dactylorhiza incarnata, Dactylorhiza purpurella, Pedicularis palustris, Potamogeton polygonifolius, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus flammula, Ranunculus lingua, Comarum palustre, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum rivale, Potentilla erecta, Galium palustre, Galium uliginosum, Scutellaria galericulata, Viola palustris, Agrostis stolonifera, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Phragmites australis

M10 — Limestone pavement, Upland spring flush

Carex dioica-Pinguicula vulgaris mire

Erica tetralix, Myrica gale, Carex capillaris, Carex demissa, Carex dioica, Carex echinata, Carex flacca, Carex hostiana, Carex lepidocarpa, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex pulicaris, Eriophorum angustifolium, Eriophorum latifolium, Kobresia simpliciuscula, Schoenus ferrugineus, Schoenus nigricans, Trichophorum cespitosum, Eleocharis quinqueflora, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus alpinoarticulatus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus bulbosus, Juncus squarrosus, Juncus triglumis, Luzula multiflora, Selaginella selaginoides, Breutelia chrysocoma, Bryum pseudotriquetrum, Catoscopium nigritum, Plagiomnium rostratum, Ditrichum flexicaule, Fissidens adianthoides, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Cratoneuron filicinum, Ctenidium molluscum, Hylocomium splendens, Palustriella commutatum, Scorpidium revolvens, Scorpidium scorpioides, Hymenostylium recurvirostrum, Tortella tortuosa, Blindia acuta, Sphagnum subnitens, Scapania aspera, Aneura pinguis, Pellia endiviifolia, Angelica sylvestris, Caltha palustris, Cirsium palustre, Leontodon saxatilis, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Taraxacum officianalis, Cardamine pratensis, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana dioica, Minuartia stricta, Minuartia verna, Sagina nodosa, Parnassia palustris, Drosera anglica, Drosera rotundifolia, Equisetum palustre, Equisetum variegatum, Triglochin palustre, Thymus praecox, Pinguicula lusitanica, Pinguicula vulgaris, Tofieldia pusilla, Linum catharticum, Narthecium ossifragum, Dactylorhiza fuchsii, Bartsia alpina, Euphrasia officinalis, Pedicularis palustris, Pedicularis sylvatica, Plantago maritima, Polygonum viviparum, Primula farinosa, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus flammula, Thalictrum alpinum, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla erecta, Galium palustre, Galium uliginosum, Saxifraga aizoides, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Briza media, Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta, Sesleria caerulea

M11 — Upland spring flush

Carex demissa-Saxifraga aizoides mire

Salix reticulata, Calluna vulgaris, Erica tetralix, Carex demissa, Carex dioica, Carex echinata, Carex flacca, Carex hostiana, Carex lepidocarpa, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex pulicaris, Carex rostrata, Eriophorum angustifolium, Schoenus nigricans, Trichophorum cespitosum, Eleocharis quinqueflora, Juncus alpinoarticulatus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus bulbosus, Juncus squarrosus, Juncus triglumis, Selaginella selaginoides, Bryum pseudotriquetrum, Philonotis calcarea, Philonotis fontana, Dicrodontium palustris, Fissidens adianthoides, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Ctenidium molluscum, Hylocomium splendens, Palustriella commutatum, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Scorpidium revolvens, Scorpidium scorpioides, Blindia acuta, Scapania undulata, Conocephalum conicum, Aneura pinguis, Pellia endiviifolia, Angelica sylvestris, Caltha palustris, Hieraclium spp., Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Taraxacum officianalis, Tussilago farfara, Cardamine pratensis, Campanula rotundifolia, Succisa pratensis, Cerastium fontanum, Sagina procumbens, Equisetum palustre, Triglochin palustre, Thymus praecox, Pinguicula vulgaris, Tofieldia pusilla, Linum catharticum, Narthecium ossifragum, Euphrasia officinalis, Plantago maritima, Polygonum viviparum, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus flammula, Thalictrum alpinum, Alchemilla alpina, Alchemilla filicaulis, Alchemilla glabra, Geum rivale, Potentilla erecta, Saxifraga aizoides, Saxifraga oppositifolia, Saxifraga stellaris, Viola riviniana, Agrostis canina, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Festuca vivipara, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta

M12 — Upland spring flush, Valley mire

Carex saxatilis mire

Salix herbacea, Carex atrofusca, Carex bigelowii, Carex canescens, Carex demissa, Carex dioica, Carex echinata, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex pulicaris, Carex saxatilis, Carex vaginata, Eriophorum angustifolium, Juncus articulatus, Juncus castaneus, Juncus triglumis, Luzula multiflora, Luzula spicata, Huperzia selago, Selaginella selaginoides, Bryum pseudotriquetrum, Cinclidium stygium, Mnium hornum, Philonotis fontana, Rhizomnium pseudopunctatum, Dicranum scoparium, Fissidens adianthoides, Fissidens osmundoides, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Hylocomium splendens, Palustriella commutatum, Pseudocalliergon trifarium, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Scorpidium revolvens, Scorpidium scorpioides, Straminergon stramineum, Warnstorfia exannulata, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Polytrichum commune, Blindia acuta, Sphagnum auriculatum, Sphagnum capillifolium, Sphagnum fallax, Sphagnum girgensohnii, Sphagnum subnitens, Sphagnum warnstorfii, Anthelia julacea, Barbilophozia lycopodioides, Jungermannia obovata, Marsupella emarginata, Scapania irrigua, Scapania uliginosa, Scapania undulata, Aneura pinguis, Pellia endiviifolia, Riccardia multifida, Cladonia arbuscula, Caltha palustris, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Taraxacum officianalis, Cerastium fontanum, Equisetum palustre, Pinguicula vulgaris, Tofieldia pusilla, Narthecium ossifragum, Epilobium anagallidifolium, Euphrasia officinalis, Armeria maritima, Polygonum viviparum, Rumex acetosa, Ranunculus acris, Thalictrum alpinum, Alchemilla alpina, Alchemilla filicaulis, Alchemilla glabra, Geum rivale, Potentilla erecta, Saxifraga aizoides, Saxifraga oppositifolia, Saxifraga stellaris, Viola palustris, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Alopecurus alpinus, Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Festuca vivipara, Nardus stricta

M20 — Blanket bog, Raised bog, Valley mire

Eriophorum vaginatum blanket and raised mire

Empetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Vaccinium myrtillus, Carex bigelowii, Eriophorum angustifolium, Eriophorum vaginatum, Trichophorum cespitosum, Juncus squarrosus, Orthodontium lineare, Pohlia nutans, Campylopus flexuosus, Dicranum scoparium, Drepanocladus fluitans, Hypnum jutlandicum, Plagiothecium undulatum, Pleurozium schreberi, Polytrichum commune, Sphagnum capillifolium, Sphagnum fuscum, Sphagnum papillosum, Barbilophozia floerkei, Calypogeia muelleriana, Calypogeia trichomanis, Cephalozia bicuspidata, Cephaloziella hampeana, Diplophyllum albicans, Gymnocolea inflata, Kurzia pauciflora, Lophozia ventricosa, Mylia taylorii, Ptilidium ciliare, Cetraria islandica, Cladonia arbuscula, Cladonia chlorophaea, Cladonia coccifera, Cladonia floerkeana, Cladonia impexa, Cladonia squamosa, Cladonia uncialis, Cornicularia aculeata, Rubus chamaemorus, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina

M27 — Limestone pavement, Lowland fen, Upland spring flush

Filipendula ulmaria-Angelica sylvestris mire

Carex acutiformis, Carex appropinquata, Carex disticha, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex paniculata, Carex rostrata, Carex vesicaria, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus conglomeratus, Juncus effusus, Juncus inflexus, Juncus subnodulosus, Sparganium erectum, Plagiomnium elatum, Plagiomnium undulatum, Rhizomnium punctatum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Calliergon cordifolium, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Kindbergia praelonga, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Thuidium tamariscinum, Chiloscyphus pallescens, Lophocolea bidentata, Angelica sylvestris, Heracleum sphondylium, Oenanthe crocata, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Achillea ptarmica, Caltha palustris, Centaurea nigra, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium heterophyllum, Cirsium palustre, Crepis paludosa, Eupatorium cannabinum, Pulicaria dysenterica, Senecio aquaticus, Myosotis scorpioides, Cardamine flexuosa, Cardamine pratensis, Cochlearia pyrenaica, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana officinalis, Silene flos-cuculi, Stellaria alsine, Stellaria graminea, Calystegia sepium, Equisetum arvense, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus pedunculatus, Vicia cracca, Iris pseudacorus, Ajuga reptans, Mentha aquatica, Lythrum salicaria, Epilobium hirsutum, Epilobium obscurum, Epilobium palustre, Polygonum amphibium, Polygonum hydropiper, Rumex acetosa, Rumex crispus, Rumex sanguineus, Lysimachia vulgaris, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus flammula, Ranunculus repens, Thalictrum flavum, Trollius europaeus, Alchemilla glabra, Comarum palustre, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum rivale, Potentilla anserina, Potentilla reptans, Rubus fruticosus agg., Sanguisorba officinalis, Galium aparine, Galium palustre, Galium uliginosum, Urtica dioica, Viola palustris, Agrostis canina, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Glyceria maxima, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Phalaris arundinacea, Phleum pratense, Phragmites australis, Poa pratensis, Poa trivialis, Pteridium aquilinum

M29 — Upland spring flush, Valley mire

Hypericum elodes-Potamogeton polygonifolius soakway

Salix cinerea, Erica tetralix, Carex demissa, Carex echinata, Carex hostiana, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Eriophorum angustifolium, Isolepis fluitans, Rhynchospora alba, Eleocharis multicaulis, Eleocharis palustris, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus bufonius, Juncus bulbosus, Juncus effusus, Sparganium angustifolium, Aulacomnium palustre, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Scorpidium revolvens, Warnstorfia exannulata, Polytrichum commune, Sphagnum auriculatum, Sphagnum cuspidatum, Sphagnum palustre, Sphagnum papillosum, Aneura pinguis, Baldellia ranunculoides, Apium inundatum, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Cirsium dissectum, Myosotis secunda, Succisa pratensis, Drosera intermedia, Drosera rotundifolia, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Lotus pedunculatus, Hypericum elodes, Scutellaria minor, Utricularia minor, Menyanthes trifoliata, Narthecium ossifragum, Pedicularis palustris, Potamogeton polygonifolius, Anagallis tenella, Ranunculus flammula, Comarum palustre, Potentilla erecta, Galium constrictum, Galium palustre, Viola palustris, Agrostis canina, Agrostis stolonifera, Glyceria fluitans, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta, Pilularia globulifera

M31 — Upland spring flush

Anthelia julacea-Sphagnum auriculatum spring

Carex bigelowii, Carex demissa, Carex echinata, Carex nigra, Eriophorum angustifolium, Juncus bulbosus, Juncus squarrosus, Huperzia selago, Philonotis fontana, Pohlia ludwigii, Campylopus atrovirens, Racomitrium fasciculare, Racomitrium heterostichum, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Warnstorfia exannulata, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Polytrichum commune, Blindia acuta, Sphagnum auriculatum, Anthelia julacea, Barbilophozia floerkei, Diplophyllum albicans, Marsupella emarginata, Mylia taylorii, Nardia scalaris, Scapania undulata, Aneura pinguis, Saussurea alpina, Taraxacum officianalis, Cerastium fontanum, Pinguicula vulgaris, Narthecium ossifragum, Plantago maritima, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus flammula, Thalictrum alpinum, Saxifraga stellaris, Viola palustris, Agrostis canina, Agrostis stolonifera, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca vivipara, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta

M32 — Upland spring flush

Philonotis fontana-Saxifraga stellaris spring

Carex bigelowii, Carex demissa, Carex echinata, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex pulicaris, Eriophorum angustifolium, Juncus articulatus, Juncus bulbosus, Juncus effusus, Juncus squarrosus, Juncus triglumis, Selaginella selaginoides, Bryum pseudotriquetrum, Bryum weigelii, Philonotis fontana, Plagiomnium ellipticum, Rhizomnium punctatum, Dicrodontium palustris, Brachythecium plumosum, Brachythecium rivulare, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Cratoneuron filicinum, Drepanocladus fluitans, Hygrohypnum ochraceum, Palustriella commutatum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Scorpidium revolvens, Straminergon stramineum, Warnstorfia exannulata, Polytrichum commune, Sphagnum auriculatum, Sphagnum squarrosum, Sphagnum subnitens, Sphagnum teres, Chiloscyphus pallescens, Chiloscyphus polyanthos, Jungermannia exsertifolia, Jungermannia sphaerocarpa, Nardia scalaris, Scapania uliginosa, Scapania undulata, Marchantia polymorpha sens.lat., Aneura pinguis, Pellia epiphylla, Bellis perennis, Caltha palustris, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Myosotis stolonifera, Cardamine flexuosa, Cardamine pratensis, Cerastium fontanum, Sagina procumbens, Stellaria alsine, Equisetum palustre, Pinguicula vulgaris, Montia fontana, Epilobium alsinifolium, Epilobium anagallidifolium, Epilobium palustre, Euphrasia frigida, Veronica serpyllifolia, Polygonum viviparum, Rumex acetosa, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus flammula, Thalictrum alpinum, Alchemilla glabra, Geum rivale, Galium palustre, Chrysosplenium oppositifolium, Saxifraga hypnoides, Saxifraga stellaris, Viola palustris, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus alpinus, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Nardus stricta, Poa annua, Poa trivialis

M33 — Upland spring flush

Pohlia wahlenbergii var. glacialis spring

Bryum weigelii, Philonotis fontana, Pohlia ludwigii, Pohlia wahlenbergii, Dicrodontium palustris, Hygrohypnum luridum, Straminergon stramineum, Warnstorfia exannulata, Sphagnum squarrosum, Scapania nemorea, Scapania uliginosa, Scapania undulata, Marchantia polymorpha sens.lat., Cerastium cerastoides, Stellaria alsine, Montia fontana, Epilobium anagallidifolium, Veronica serpyllifolia, Rumex acetosa, Chrysosplenium oppositifolium, Saxifraga stellaris, Agrostis capillaris, Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca rubra, Poa annua

M34 — Upland spring flush

Carex demissa-Koenigia islandica flush

Carex demissa, Carex dioica, Carex nigra, Juncus bulbosus, Juncus squarrosus, Juncus triglumis, Luzula spicata, Philonotis fontana, Dicrodontium palustris, Racomitrium heterostichum, Scorpidium revolvens, Blindia acuta, Sphagnum auriculatum, Marsupella emarginata, Scapania undulata, Cochlearia officinalis, Sagina saginoides, Pinguicula vulgaris, Euphrasia frigida, Koenigia islandica, Ranunculus acris, Saxifraga stellaris, Deschampsia cespitosa

M35 — Upland spring flush

Ranunculus omiophyllus-Montia fontana rill

Carex echinata, Carex microglochin, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Juncus articulatus, Juncus bufonius, Juncus bulbosus, Juncus effusus, Philonotis fontana, Brachythecium rivulare, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Hamatocaulis vernicosus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Straminergon stramineum, Warnstorfia exannulata, Polytrichum commune, Sphagnum auriculatum, Scapania irrigua, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Chamaemelum nobile, Myosotis secunda, Cardamine pratensis, Sagina procumbens, Stellaria alsine, Equisetum palustre, Lotus pedunculatus, Trifolium repens, Montia fontana, Epilobium palustre, Callitriche stagnalis, Potamogeton polygonifolius, Ranunculus flammula, Ranunculus omiophyllus, Ranunculus repens, Galium palustre, Agrostis canina, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus geniculatus, Glyceria fluitans, Holcus mollis, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta, Poa annua, Poa trivialis

M37 — Upland spring flush

Cratoneuron commutatum-Festuca rubra spring

Carex demissa, Carex dioica, Carex flacca, Carex lepidocarpa, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex pulicaris, Eriophorum angustifolium, Juncus articulatus, Juncus bulbosus, Selaginella selaginoides, Breutelia chrysocoma, Bryum pseudotriquetrum, Philonotis fontana, Dicrodontium palustris, Brachythecium rivulare, Cratoneuron filicinum, Ctenidium molluscum, Palustriella commutatum, Scorpidium revolvens, Gymnostomum aeruginosum, Hymenostylium recurvirostrum, Blindia acuta, Jungermannia exsertifolia, Conocephalum conicum, Aneura pinguis, Pellia endiviifolia, Caltha palustris, Crepis paludosa, Taraxacum officianalis, Tussilago farfara, Cardamine pratensis, Cochlearia officinalis, Cerastium fontanum, Sagina nodosa, Sagina procumbens, Equisetum palustre, Equisetum variegatum, Hypericum pulchrum, Triglochin palustre, Pinguicula vulgaris, Montia fontana, Epilobium alsinifolium, Euphrasia officinalis, Polygonum viviparum, Rumex acetosa, Thalictrum alpinum, Alchemilla glabra, Chrysosplenium oppositifolium, Saxifraga aizoides, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Poa pratensis, Poa trivialis

M38 — Upland spring flush

Cratoneuron commutatum-Carex nigra spring

Carex demissa, Carex dioica, Carex echinata, Carex flacca, Carex lepidocarpa, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex pulicaris, Carex rostrata, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus bulbosus, Juncus triglumis, Selaginella selaginoides, Bryum pseudotriquetrum, Cinclidium stygium, Philonotis calcarea, Philonotis fontana, Plagiomnium elatum, Rhizomnium pseudopunctatum, Rhizomnium punctatum, Oncophorus virens, Fissidens adianthoides, Fissidens osmundoides, Brachythecium rivulare, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Climacium dendroides, Cratoneuron filicinum, Ctenidium molluscum, Hylocomium splendens, Palustriella commutatum, Scorpidium revolvens, Thuidium delicatulum, Gymnostomum aeruginosum, Meesia uliginosa, Chiloscyphus pallescens, Chiloscyphus polyanthos, Jungermannia atrovirens, Leiocolea alpestris, Leiocolea bantriensis, Moerckia hibernica, Aneura pinguis, Pellia endiviifolia, Achillea millefolium, Achillea ptarmica, Bellis perennis, Caltha palustris, Cirsium palustre, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Taraxacum officianalis, Cardamine pratensis, Cochlearia officinalis, Valeriana dioica, Cerastium fontanum, Minuartia verna, Sagina nodosa, Sagina procumbens, Parnassia palustris, Sedum villosum, Equisetum palustre, Trifolium repens, Triglochin palustre, Thymus praecox, Linum catharticum, Epilobium alsinifolium, Epilobium anagallidifolium, Epilobium brunnescens, Epilobium palustre, Euphrasia confusa, Plantago lanceolata, Veronica beccabunga, Veronica scutellata, Veronica serpyllifolia, Polygonum viviparum, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus flammula, Ranunculus repens, Alchemilla filicaulis, Alchemilla glabra, Comarum palustre, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum rivale, Potentilla erecta, Galium palustre, Saxifraga hirculus, Saxifraga stellaris, Viola palustris, Viola riviniana, Agrostis canina, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus geniculatus, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Briza media, Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Nardus stricta, Poa subcaerulea, Poa trivialis

S9 — Lowland fen, Upland spring flush

Carex rostrata swamp

Carex nigra, Carex rostrata, Eleocharis palustris, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus bulbosus, Juncus effusus, Calliergon giganteum, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Caltha palustris, Myosotis laxa, Cardamine pratensis, Lobelia dortmanna, Equisetum fluviatile, Eriocaulon aquaticum, Mentha aquatica, Menyanthes trifoliata, Nymphaea alba, Epilobium palustre, Pedicularis palustris, Littorella uniflora, Polygonum amphibium, Potamogeton natans, Potamogeton polygonifolius, Ranunculus flammula, Comarum palustre, Galium palustre, Agrostis stolonifera, Chara subspinosa

S11 — Lowland fen, Turlough and fluctuation mere, Upland spring flush

Carex vesicaria swamp

Carex aquatilis, Carex nigra, Carex rostrata, Carex vesicaria, Juncus effusus, Calliergon cordifolium, Kindbergia praelonga, Angelica sylvestris, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Caltha palustris, Myosotis scorpioides, Valeriana officinalis, Equisetum fluviatile, Mentha aquatica, Lythrum salicaria, Menyanthes trifoliata, Veronica scutellata, Polygonum amphibium, Rumex acetosa, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus flammula, Comarum palustre, Filipendula ulmaria, Galium palustre, Scutellaria galericulata, Agrostis canina, Deschampsia cespitosa, Glyceria fluitans, Phalaris arundinacea

S19 — Lowland fen, Turlough and fluctuation mere, Upland spring flush

Eleocharis palustris swamp

Carex hirta, Carex nigra, Carex rostrata, Eleocharis palustris, Eleocharis quinqueflora, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus bulbosus, Juncus effusus, Juncus gerardii, Drepanocladus fluitans, Fontinalis antipyretica, Scorpidium scorpioides, Alisma plantago-aquatica, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Caltha palustris, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Myosotis laxa, Cardamine pratensis, Lobelia dortmanna, Equisetum fluviatile, Trifolium repens, Myriophyllum alterniflorum, Triglochin maritimum, Mentha aquatica, Utricularia minor, Littorella uniflora, Plantago maritima, Persicaria maculosa, Polygonum amphibium, Potamogeton natans, Potamogeton polygonifolius, Glaux maritima, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus flammula, Ranunculus repens, Potentilla anserina, Galium palustre, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus geniculatus, Festuca rubra, Glyceria fluitans, Holcus lanatus, Phalaris arundinacea, Poa trivialis, Typha latifolia

S27 — Lowland fen, Upland spring flush

Carex rostrata-Potentilla palustris tall-herb fen

Salix cinerea, Solanum dulcamara, Carex appropinquata, Carex aquatilis, Carex diandra, Carex elata, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex rostrata, Carex vesicaria, Eriophorum angustifolium, Eleocharis palustris, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus effusus, Juncus subnodulosus, Sparganium erectum, Bryum pseudotriquetrum, Rhizomnium pseudopunctatum, Rhizomnium punctatum, Brachythecium rivulare, Brachythecium rutabulum, Calliergon cordifolium, Calliergon giganteum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Cratoneuron filicinum, Drepanocladus fluitans, Sphagnum fimbriatum, Sphagnum squarrosum, Chiloscyphus polyanthos, Lophocolea bidentata, Angelica sylvestris, Apium nodiflorum, Sium latifolium, Thyselium palustre, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Caltha palustris, Cirsium palustre, Senecio aquaticus, Myosotis laxa, Myosotis scorpioides, Cardamine amara, Cardamine pratensis, Valeriana officinalis, Silene flos-cuculi, Stellaria alsine, Stellaria palustris, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Lotus pedunculatus, Hypericum elodes, Iris pseudacorus, Lycopus europaeus, Mentha aquatica, Lemna minor, Lythrum salicaria, Menyanthes trifoliata, Epilobium palustre, Epipactis palustris, Callitriche stagnalis, Veronica beccabunga, Veronica scutellata, Polygonum amphibium, Rumex hydrolapathum, Potamogeton polygonifolius, Lysimachia thyrsiflora, Lysimachia vulgaris, Ranunculus flammula, Ranunculus lingua, Ranunculus repens, Comarum palustre, Filipendula ulmaria, Galium palustre, Scutellaria galericulata, Agrostis canina, Agrostis stolonifera, Holcus lanatus, Phragmites australis, Poa trivialis, Dryopteris cristata, Typha latifolia

SD1 — Coastal vegetated shingle, Sand dune

Rumex crispus-Glaucium flavum shingle community

Solanum dulcamara, Crithmum maritimum, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium vulgare, Helminthotheca echioides, Hypochaeris radicata, Jacobaea vulgaris, Lactuca serriola, Leontodon saxatilis, Senecio viscosus, Sonchus arvensis, Sonchus asper, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Crambe maritima, Cerastium fontanum, Honckenya peploides, Sagina apetala, Silene uniflora, Atriplex prostrata, Sedum acre, Euphorbia paralias, Lathyrus japonicus, Geranium robertianum, Glaucium flavum, Plantago coronopus, Plantago lanceolata, Rumex crispus, Potentilla anserina, Ammophila arenaria, Arrhenatherum elatius, Elytrigia atherica, Elytrigia juncea, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Lolium perenne

SD2 — Coastal vegetated shingle, Sand dune

Honkenya peploides-Cakile maritima strandline community

Salsola kali, Achillea millefolium, Cirsium arvense, Eryngium maritimum, Hypochaeris radicata, Senecio vulgaris, Sonchus arvensis, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Cakile maritima, Cerastium diffusum, Honckenya peploides, Silene uniflora, Stellaria media agg., Atriplex glabriuscula, Atriplex laciniata, Atriplex littoralis, Atriplex patula, Atriplex prostrata, Sedum acre, Polygonum oxyspermum subsp. Raii, Rumex crispus, Potentilla anserina, Agrostis stolonifera, Ammophila arenaria, Arrhenatherum elatius, Elytrigia juncea, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Leymus arenarius, Poa annua

SD3 — Coastal vegetated shingle, Sand dune

Matricaria maritima-Galium aparine strandline community

Bolboschoenus maritimus, Juncus bufonius, Juncus gerardii, Ligusticum scoticum, Matricaria discoidea, Sonchus arvensis, Sonchus asper, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Mertensia maritima, Cakile maritima, Cochlearia officinalis, Honckenya peploides, Stellaria media agg., Atriplex glabriuscula, Atriplex patula, Atriplex prostrata, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Rumex crispus, Glaux maritima, Galium aparine, Agrostis stolonifera, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Leymus arenarius, Poa annua

SD4 — Sand dune

Elymus farctus ssp. boreali-atlanticus foredune community

Salsola kali, Artemisia maritima, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium vulgare, Eryngium maritimum, Hypochaeris radicata, Jacobaea vulgaris, Matricaria chamomilla, Senecio squalidus, Senecio vulgaris, Sonchus arvensis, Sonchus asper, Taraxacum officianalis, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Cakile maritima, Cerastium diffusum, Honckenya peploides, Atriplex glabriuscula, Atriplex laciniata, Atriplex prostrata, Euphorbia paralias, Polygonum oxyspermum subsp. Raii, Rumex crispus, Agrostis stolonifera, Ammophila arenaria, Elytrigia atherica, Elytrigia juncea, Festuca rubra, Leymus arenarius

SD5 — Sand dune

Leymus arenarius mobile dune community

Bryum algovicum, Ceratodon purpureus, Brachythecium rutabulum, Syntrichia ruraliformis, Cirsium arvense, Hypochaeris radicata, Sonchus arvensis, Sonchus asper, Taraxacum officianalis, Cakile maritima, Cerastium fontanum, Honckenya peploides, Atriplex glabriuscula, Atriplex prostrata, Chamerion angustifolium, Rumex crispus, Galium aparine, Ammophila arenaria, Elytrigia atherica, Elytrigia juncea, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Leymus arenarius, Poa pratensis

SD6 — Sand dune

Ammophila arenaria mobile dune community

Lupinus arboreus, Carex arenaria, Ceratodon purpureus, Brachythecium albicans, Syntrichia ruraliformis, Angelica sylvestris, Heracleum sphondylium, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium vulgare, Eryngium maritimum, Hypochaeris radicata, Jacobaea vulgaris, Senecio squalidus, Senecio vulgaris, Sonchus arvensis, Sonchus asper, Taraxacum officianalis, Tussilago farfara, Cynoglossum officinale, Cakile maritima, Honckenya peploides, Atriplex glabriuscula, Atriplex laciniata, Calystegia soldanellla, Euphorbia paralias, Euphorbia portlandica, Trifolium arvense, Trifolium repens, Eriodium cicutarium, Chamerion angustifolium, Linaria vulgaris, Rumex crispus, Ranunculus repens, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium verum, Urtica dioica, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Ammophila arenaria, Catapodium marinum, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia atherica, Elytrigia juncea, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Leymus arenarius, Poa annua, Poa pratensis

SD7 — Sand dune

Ammophila arenaria-Festuca rubra semi-fixed dune community

Carex arenaria, Luzula campestris, Bryum argenteum, Bryum capillare, Ceratodon purpureus, Dicranum scoparium, Brachythecium albicans, Brachythecium rutabulum, Homalothecium lutescens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Kindbergia praelonga, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Syntrichia ruraliformis, Tortella flavovirens, Lophocolea bidentata, Cladonia fimbriata, Cladonia furcata, Cladonia impexa, Cladonia pyxidata, Cladonia rangiformis, Peltigera canina, Peltigera rufescens, Heracleum sphondylium, Achillea millefolium, Centaurea nigra, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium vulgare, Crepis capillaris, Eryngium maritimum, Hypochaeris radicata, Jacobaea vulgaris, Leontodon hispidus, Leontodon saxatilis, Pilosella officinarum, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Senecio vulgaris, Sonchus arvensis, Sonchus asper, Taraxacum officianalis, Tragopogon pratensis, Tussilago farfara, Myosotis ramosissima, Erophila verna, Campanula rotundifolia, Valerianella locusta, Arenaria serpyllifolia, Cerastium diffusum, Cerastium fontanum, Cerastium semidecandrum, Calystegia soldanellla, Sedum acre, Euphorbia paralias, Euphorbia portlandica, Anthyllis vulneraria, Lotus corniculatus, Ononis repens, Trifolium arvense, Trifolium campestre, Trifolium repens, Vicia lathyroides, Vicia sativa, Centaurium erythraea, Eriodium cicutarium, Thymus praecox, Linum catharticum, Chamerion angustifolium, Rhinanthus minor, Plantago coronopus, Plantago lanceolata, Veronica arvensis, Veronica chamaedrys, Rumex crispus, Ranunculus bulbosus, Ranunculus repens, Acaena novae-zelandiae, Rubus caesius, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium verum, Viola canina, Viola riviniana, Viola tricolor, Agrostis capillaris, Aira praecox, Ammophila arenaria, Arrhenatherum elatius, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia atherica, Elytrigia juncea, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Leymus arenarius, Phleum arenarium, Poa pratensis

SD8 — Machair sand dune, Sand dune

Festuca rubra-Galium verum fixed dune grassland

Salix repens, Rosa spinosissima, Carex arenaria, Carex caryophyllea, Carex flacca, Luzula campestris, Plagiomnium rostratum, Plagiomnium undulatum, Ditrichum flexicaule, Brachythecium albicans, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Climacium dendroides, Entodon concinnus, Homalothecium lutescens, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Kindbergia praelonga, Pleurozium schreberi, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Thuidium delicatulum, Thuidium tamariscinum, Syntrichia ruraliformis, Lophocolea bidentata, Cladonia rangiformis, Odontites verna, Peltigera canina, Peltigera rufescens, Angelica sylvestris, Daucus carota, Heracleum sphondylium, Achillea millefolium, Bellis perennis, Centaurea nigra, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium vulgare, Crepis capillaris, Hypochaeris radicata, Jacobaea vulgaris, Leucanthemum vulgare, Pilosella officinarum, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Sonchus oleraceus, Taraxacum officianalis, Myosotis arvensis, Myosotis ramosissima, Campanula rotundifolia, Succisa pratensis, Cerastium arvense, Cerastium diffusum, Cerastium fontanum, Cerastium semidecandrum, Sedum acre, Equisetum arvense, Anthyllis vulneraria, Astragalus danicus, Lotus corniculatus, Medicago lupulina, Ononis repens, Trifolium campestre, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Vicia lathyroides, Gentianella amarella, Eriodium cicutarium, Thymus praecox, Linum catharticum, Dactylorhiza viridis, Neottia ovata, Euphrasia officinalis, Rhinanthus minor, Plantago coronopus, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago major, Plantago maritima, Veronica arvensis, Veronica chamaedrys, Polygala vulgaris, Rumex acetosa, Rumex acetosella, Primula veris, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus bulbosus, Ranunculus repens, Thalictrum minus, Potentilla anserina, Galium verum, Viola riviniana, Viola tricolor, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Aira praecox, Ammophila arenaria, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Avenula pubescens, Cynosurus cristatus, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia atherica, Elytrigia juncea, Elytrigia repens, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Koeleria macrantha, Leymus arenarius, Lolium perenne, Poa pratensis, Poa trivialis, Trisetum flavescens

SD9 — Sand dune

Ammophila arenaria-Arrhenatherum elatius dune grassland

Rosa spinosissima, Carex arenaria, Carex flacca, Luzula campestris, Brachythecium rutabulum, Hypnum cupressiforme, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Syntrichia ruraliformis, Heracleum sphondylium, Pimpinella saxifraga, Torilis japonica, Achillea millefolium, Bellis perennis, Centaurea nigra, Cirsium arvense, Crepis capillaris, Hypochaeris radicata, Jacobaea vulgaris, Leontodon hispidus, Pilosella officinarum, Taraxacum officianalis, Myosotis arvensis, Campanula rotundifolia, Cerastium fontanum, Silene latifolia, Equisetum arvense, Astragalus danicus, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus corniculatus, Ononis repens, Trifolium repens, Vicia sativa, Geranium sanguineum, Thymus praecox, Plantago lanceolata, Veronica chamaedrys, Rumex acetosa, Primula veris, Ranunculus bulbosus, Thalictrum minus, Fragaria vesca, Potentilla reptans, Poterium sanguisorba, Cruciata laevipes, Galium verum, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Ammophila arenaria, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia atherica, Elytrigia juncea, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Koeleria macrantha, Leymus arenarius, Poa pratensis, Trisetum flavescens, Pteridium aquilinum

SD10 — Sand dune

Carex arenaria dune community

Carex arenaria, Ceratodon purpureus, Hypnum cupressiforme, Achillea millefolium, Jacobaea vulgaris, Senecio vulgaris, Taraxacum officianalis, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Cerastium fontanum, Honckenya peploides, Astragalus danicus, Chamerion angustifolium, Plantago lanceolata, Rumex acetosella, Potentilla anserina, Galium verum, Agrostis capillaris, Aira praecox, Ammophila arenaria, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia juncea, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Koeleria macrantha

SD11 — Sand dune

Carex arenaria-Cornicularia aculeata dune community

Calluna vulgaris, Carex arenaria, Luzula campestris, Ceratodon purpureus, Dicranum scoparium, Racomitrium canescens sens.lat., Brachythecium albicans, Hypnum cupressiforme, Rhytidium rugosum, Polytrichum juniperinum, Polytrichum piliferum, Syntrichia ruraliformis, Ptilidium ciliare, Hypogymnia physodes, Cladonia arbuscula, Cladonia coccifera, Cladonia fimbriata, Cladonia foliacea, Cladonia furcata, Cladonia gracilis, Cladonia impexa, Cladonia pyxidata, Cladonia rangiferina, Cladonia rangiformis, Cladonia squamosa, Cladonia tenuis, Cladonia uncialis, Cornicularia aculeata, Hypochaeris radicata, Jacobaea vulgaris, Logfia minima, Teesdalia nudicaulis, Campanula rotundifolia, Sedum acre, Astragalus danicus, Eriodium cicutarium, Thymus praecox, Plantago lanceolata, Rumex acetosella, Galium saxatile, Galium verum, Viola canina, Viola tricolor, Agrostis capillaris, Aira praecox, Ammophila arenaria, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Corynephorus canescens, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Phleum arenarium

SD12 — Sand dune

Carex arenaria-Festuca ovina-Agrostis capillaris dune grassland

Calluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea, Carex arenaria, Carex pilulifera, Luzula campestris, Ceratodon purpureus, Dicranum scoparium, Brachythecium albicans, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Pleurozium schreberi, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Polytrichum juniperinum, Cladonia arbuscula, Cladonia furcata, Peltigera canina, Achillea millefolium, Cirsium arvense, Hypochaeris radicata, Jacobaea vulgaris, Pilosella officinarum, Campanula rotundifolia, Cerastium diffusum, Cerastium fontanum, Astragalus danicus, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus corniculatus, Ononis repens, Trifolium repens, Vicia lathyroides, Geranium molle, Thymus praecox, Plantago lanceolata, Veronica officinalis, Rumex acetosa, Rumex acetosella, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus repens, Potentilla erecta, Galium saxatile, Galium verum, Urtica dioica, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Ammophila arenaria, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Danthonia decumbens, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Koeleria macrantha, Poa pratensis

SD13 — Dune slack, Sand dune

Sagina nodosa-Bryum pseudotriquetrum dune-slack community

Salix repens, Hippophae rhamnoides, Carex arenaria, Carex flacca, Carex serotina, Juncus articulatus, Bryum pseudotriquetrum, Amblystegium serpens, Didymodon tophaceus, Moerckia hibernica, Aneura pinguis, Pellia endiviifolia, Petalophyllum ralfsii, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Jacobaea vulgaris, Leontodon hispidus, Pilosella officinarum, Pulicaria dysenterica, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Sonchus arvensis, Taraxacum officianalis, Arenaria serpyllifolia, Cerastium fontanum, Sagina nodosa, Equisetum palustre, Equisetum variegatum, Pyrola rotundifolia, Anthyllis vulneraria, Lotus corniculatus, Ononis repens, Blackstonia perfoliata, Centaurium erythraea, Mentha aquatica, Epilobium palustre, Dactylorhiza incarnata, Epipactis palustris, Euphrasia officinalis, Polygala vulgaris, Primula vulgaris, Samolus valerandi, Rubus caesius, Galium verum, Agrostis stolonifera, Ammophila arenaria, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Phragmites australis, Poa annua, Poa pratensis

SD14 — Dune slack, Sand dune

Salix repens-Campylium stellatum dune-slack community

Salix caprea, Salix repens, Hippophae rhamnoides, Carex arenaria, Carex caryophyllea, Carex demissa, Carex flacca, Carex hirta, Carex hostiana, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex serotina, Cladium mariscus, Eleocharis palustris, Eleocharis quinqueflora, Juncus acutus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus gerardii, Juncus inflexus, Juncus maritimus, Bryum pseudotriquetrum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Drepanocladus aduncus, Drepanocladus sendtneri, Kindbergia praelonga, Pseudocalliergon lycopodioides, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Leiocolea badensis, Lophocolea bidentata, Moerckia hibernica, Preissia quadrata, Aneura pinguis, Pellia endiviifolia, Riccardia chamedryfolia, Angelica sylvestris, Oenanthe lachenalii, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Bellis perennis, Eupatorium cannabinum, Jacobaea erucifolia, Jacobaea vulgaris, Leontodon hispidus, Leontodon saxatilis, Pulicaria dysenterica, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Sonchus arvensis, Taraxacum officianalis, Succisa pratensis, Sagina nodosa, Parnassia palustris, Equisetum arvense, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Equisetum variegatum, Pyrola rotundifolia, Anthyllis vulneraria, Lotus corniculatus, Lotus pedunculatus, Trifolium fragiferum, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Blackstonia perfoliata, Centaurium pulchellum, Gentianella amarella, Lycopus europaeus, Mentha aquatica, Linum catharticum, Epilobium parviflorum, Dactylorhiza incarnata, Dactylorhiza praetermissa, Dactylorhiza purpurella, Epipactis palustris, Gymnadenia conopsea, Liparis loeselii, Euphrasia officinalis, Rhinanthus minor, Plantago coronopus, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago major, Polygala vulgaris, Anagallis tenella, Glaux maritima, Primula vulgaris, Samolus valerandi, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus flammula, Ranunculus repens, Fragaria vesca, Potentilla anserina, Rubus caesius, Galium palustre, Viola riviniana, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Briza media, Danthonia decumbens, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Phragmites australis, Poa pratensis, Ophioglossum vulgatum

SD15 — Dune slack, Sand dune

Salix repens-Calliergon cuspidatum dune-slack community

Salix caprea, Salix repens, Solanum dulcamara, Bolboschoenus maritimus, Carex arenaria, Carex flacca, Carex hirta, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Cladium mariscus, Eriophorum angustifolium, Eleocharis palustris, Juncus acutus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus inflexus, Juncus maritimus, Juncus subnodulosus, Brachythecium mildeanum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Drepanocladus sendtneri, Homalothecium lutescens, Kindbergia praelonga, Pseudocalliergon lycopodioides, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Lophocolea bidentata, Angelica sylvestris, Oenanthe lachenalii, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Caltha palustris, Centaurea nigra, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium palustre, Eupatorium cannabinum, Jacobaea vulgaris, Pulicaria dysenterica, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Cardamine pratensis, Succisa pratensis, Silene flos-cuculi, Parnassia palustris, Equisetum arvense, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Equisetum variegatum, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus corniculatus, Lotus pedunculatus, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Vicia sativa, Iris pseudacorus, Glechoma hederacea, Lycopus europaeus, Mentha aquatica, Linum catharticum, Lythrum salicaria, Epilobium palustre, Epilobium parviflorum, Dactylorhiza incarnata, Dactylorhiza praetermissa, Epipactis palustris, Plantago lanceolata, Anagallis tenella, Glaux maritima, Lysimachia vulgaris, Primula vulgaris, Samolus valerandi, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus flammula, Ranunculus repens, Agrimonia eupatoria, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla anserina, Potentilla reptans, Rubus caesius, Galium palustre, Scutellaria galericulata, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Arrhenatherum elatius, Danthonia decumbens, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Phragmites australis, Poa pratensis, Ophioglossum vulgatum

SD16 — Dune slack, Sand dune

Salix repens-Holcus lanatus dune-slack community

Salix caprea, Salix repens, Betula pubescens, Quercus robur, Carex arenaria, Carex flacca, Carex nigra, Carex serotina, Eleocharis quinqueflora, Juncus acutus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus inflexus, Juncus maritimus, Luzula campestris, Bryum pseudotriquetrum, Amblystegium serpens, Brachythecium albicans, Brachythecium rutabulum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Hypnum cupressiforme, Kindbergia praelonga, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Syntrichia ruraliformis, Lophocolea bidentata, Moerckia hibernica, Pellia endiviifolia, Petalophyllum ralfsii, Riccardia chamedryfolia, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Bellis perennis, Carlina vulgaris, Cirsium arvense, Crepis capillaris, Erigeron acris, Eupatorium cannabinum, Hypochaeris radicata, Jacobaea vulgaris, Leontodon hispidus, Leontodon saxatilis, Pilosella officinarum, Pulicaria dysenterica, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Sonchus arvensis, Taraxacum officianalis, Cerastium fontanum, Sagina nodosa, Parnassia palustris, Equisetum arvense, Equisetum palustre, Equisetum variegatum, Pyrola rotundifolia, Anthyllis vulneraria, Lotus corniculatus, Ononis repens, Trifolium dubium, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Gentianella amarella, Mentha aquatica, Thymus praecox, Linum catharticum, Epilobium palustre, Dactylorhiza incarnata, Epipactis helleborine, Epipactis palustris, Euphrasia officinalis, Rhinanthus minor, Plantago lanceolata, Anagallis tenella, Primula vulgaris, Samolus valerandi, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus flammula, Ranunculus repens, Fragaria vesca, Potentilla anserina, Rubus caesius, Galium verum, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Ammophila arenaria, Cynosurus cristatus, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Phragmites australis, Poa annua, Poa pratensis

SD17 — Dune slack, Sand dune

Potentilla anserina-Carex nigra dune-slack community

Salix caprea, Salix repens, Carex arenaria, Carex disticha, Carex flacca, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Eriophorum angustifolium, Eleocharis palustris, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus bufonius, Juncus effusus, Juncus inflexus, Plagiomnium rostratum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Cratoneuron filicinum, Drepanocladus aduncus, Drepanocladus sendtneri, Homalothecium lutescens, Kindbergia praelonga, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Lophocolea bidentata, Odontites verna, Angelica sylvestris, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Bellis perennis, Caltha palustris, Centaurea nigra, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Taraxacum officianalis, Myosotis laxa, Cardamine pratensis, Cerastium fontanum, Sagina procumbens, Silene flos-cuculi, Parnassia palustris, Equisetum arvense, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Equisetum variegatum, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Iris pseudacorus, Triglochin maritimum, Mentha aquatica, Linum catharticum, Epilobium palustre, Dactylorhiza fuchsii, Dactylorhiza incarnata, Dactylorhiza purpurella, Epipactis palustris, Euphrasia officinalis, Pedicularis palustris, Rhinanthus minor, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Persicaria maculosa, Rumex acetosa, Rumex crispus, Glaux maritima, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus flammula, Ranunculus repens, Comarum palustre, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla anserina, Rubus caesius, Galium palustre, Galium verum, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus geniculatus, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Cynosurus cristatus, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Lolium perenne, Poa annua, Poa pratensis, Poa trivialis

SD18 — Sand dune

Hippophae rhamnoides dune scrub

Salix repens, Sambucus nigra, Hippophae rhamnoides, Crataegus monogyna, Solanum dulcamara, Carex arenaria, Ceratodon purpureus, Brachythecium albicans, Brachythecium rutabulum, Kindbergia praelonga, Cladonia fimbriata, Cladonia furcata, Daucus carota, Heracleum sphondylium, Achillea millefolium, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium vulgare, Hypochaeris radicata, Jacobaea vulgaris, Leontodon saxatilis, Sonchus arvensis, Taraxacum officianalis, Cynoglossum officinale, Diplotaxis tenuifolia, Cerastium diffusum, Cerastium semidecandrum, Honckenya peploides, Sagina procumbens, Stellaria media agg., Calystegia soldanellla, Convolvulus arvensis, Lotus corniculatus, Ononis repens, Glechoma hederacea, Montia perfoliata, Chamerion angustifolium, Anacamptis pyramidalis, Plantago lanceolata, Rubus caesius, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium aparine, Galium verum, Urtica dioica, Agrostis stolonifera, Aira praecox, Ammophila arenaria, Arrhenatherum elatius, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia atherica, Elytrigia juncea, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Leymus arenarius, Phleum arenarium, Phragmites australis, Poa pratensis, Poa trivialis

SD19 — Sand dune

Phleum arenarium-Arenaria serpyllifolia dune annual community

Carex arenaria, Luzula campestris, Brachythecium albicans, Homalothecium lutescens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Syntrichia ruraliformis, Tortella flavovirens, Tortella tortuosa, Peltigera canina, Cirsium arvense, Crepis capillaris, Hypochaeris glabra, Jacobaea vulgaris, Logfia minima, Erophila verna, Arenaria serpyllifolia, Cerastium diffusum, Cerastium semidecandrum, Sedum acre, Euphorbia paralias, Anthyllis vulneraria, Lotus corniculatus, Ononis repens, Trifolium arvense, Trifolium campestre, Trifolium dubium, Trifolium repens, Centaurium erythraea, Eriodium cicutarium, Geranium molle, Thymus praecox, Plantago coronopus, Plantago lanceolata, Galium verum, Viola tricolor, Aira caryophyllea, Aira praecox, Ammophila arenaria, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Catapodium marinum, Festuca rubra, Mibora minima, Phleum arenarium, Poa pratensis, Vulpia fasciculata