Creigiau Rhiwledyn / Little Ormes Head
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Climate exposure
This is about exposure to a nationwide pressure this habitat type carries — not a verdict on this site's own management.
Coastal habitats are exposed to sea-level rise and storm erosion. Where hard sea defences sit behind them, there's nowhere landward to retreat to — a squeeze that keeps compressing the habitat no matter how well it's managed.
Habitats
Bracken scrub, Coastal vegetated shingle, Hard cliff and cliff slope, Lowland calcareous grassland, Maritime cliff, Mixed scrub, Montane scrub, Upland calcareous grassland, Yew wood
Geology & landscape
Geological Feature: Cave / Cavern · Mining / Industrial: Quarry · Geological Period: Carboniferous · Rock Type: Carboniferous Limestone, Glacial Till, Limestone
Landscape processes: Coastal, Glacial, Karst
Birds & fish recorded
Birds
| Species | Season |
|---|---|
| cormorant | Breeding |
| guillemot | Breeding |
| kittiwake | Breeding |
| razorbill | Breeding |
Description
Description Little Ormes Head (Creigiau Rhiwledyn) is of special scientific interest for its geological, botanical, ornithological and marine biological features. The limestone headland, which rises to a height of 141 m, includes sea cliffs and boulders and extends for 1.4 km along the North Wales coastline, separating Penrhyn Bay from Llandudno Bay. The site supports the following features of special interest. Geologically the site is important for its Carboniferous stratigraphy where reef formations are exposed in the disused quarries and coastal cliffs. The limestone supports calcicolous (lime-loving) grassland communities of high botanical interest. Cliff, rock and quarry outcrops support a mixture of coastal habitats. The scarce spiked speedwell Veronica spicata ssp. hybrida and a variety of other nationally scarce species are present, as is a notable assemblage of lichens. Specialised and nationally scarce cave, rockpool, overhang and rock-boring bivalve biotopes (physical habitats and their associated community of species including animals and plants) occur on bedrock and boulders within the intertidal zone. The sea cliffs regularly support nationally important breeding seabird populations of the cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo. Geology: The Little Orme affords superb sections cut through an Asbian reef -the best example of its kind in Wales. This reef contains rich invertebrate faunas. Its structure in relation to the seabed and depositional and tectonic slopes has not been studied, although it is believed this reef is one of a series of apron reef structures, stretching from here to Prestatyn, on the edge of a major basin to the north. In addition to the reef, the site also shows the reef-shelf transition at the edge of the shelf area bordering the northern margin of the Wales - Brabant Massif. This is an important site with considerable research potential in studies of Carboniferous sedimentation and palaeoecology. Biology: Small patches of species-rich grassland are present on the rockiest and thinnest soils on south and west facing slopes and around limestone crags. The short, open turf is composed of sheep’s fescue Festuca ovina with crested hair-grass Koeleria macrantha, meadow oat grass Avenula pratensis (=Avenula pratensis) and cock’s-foot Dactylis glomerata with frequent hoary rock-rose Helianthemum oelandicum ssp. incanum, a nationally scarce species, and other herbs such as wild thyme Thymus polytrichus and carline thistle Carlina vulgaris. Where hoary rock-rose is less frequent in this short turf grassland, a more maritime influence is revealed by the occurrence of spring squill Scilla verna and red fescue Festuca rubra ssp. juncea. In the southern corner of the site on south facing slopes below limestone crags and where the soils are deeper and sward more lightly-grazed than around the summit, there are stands of species-rich grassland. This short closed turf, has frequent sheep’s fescue, crested hair-grass and meadow oat grass with a rich mixture of herbs that includes common rock-rose Helianthemum nummularium, salad burnet Poterium sanguisorba ssp. minor, lady’s bedstraw Galium verum and bird’s-foot-trefoil Lotus corniculatus. On less severe slopes and the sides of small shallow valleys between limestone crags on the summit plateau, a less species-rich grassland is present which forms a mosaic with extensive heavily sheep-grazed grassland dominated by common bent Agrostis capillaris, Yorkshire fog Holcus lanatus, crested dog’s-tail Cynosurus cristatus and perennial rye-grass Lolium perenne. Common herbs in this sward are white clover Trifolium repens, daisy Bellis perennis, thistles Cirsium spp. and nettle Urtica dioica. The nationally scarce species white horehound Marrubium vulgare, food plant for the equally rare horehound plume moth Wheeleria spilodactylus, is found scattered on the edges of the nettle-infested grassland. Where grazing pressure has become relaxed, stands of bracken Pteridium aquilinum and gorse Ulex europaeus scrub have established a foothold. Other nationally scare species of plant present amongst the grassland are spring cinquefoil Potentilla tabernaemontani, dwarf mouse-ear Cerastium pumilum and spiked speedwell Veronica spicata, with spring sandwort Minuartia verna, hutchinsia Hornungia petraea and rock stonecrop Sedum forsterianum present amongst the limestone crags and outcrops. The disused quarry floors and coastal slopes in the eastern section of the site support a short turf dominated by fine-leaved grasses such as fescues. The area contains components of both calcicolous grassland, bird’s-foot-trefoil, fairy flax Linum catharticum, glaucous sedge Carex flacca, blackstonia Blackstonia perfoliata as well as maritime grassland with thrift Armeria maritima and buck’s-horn and the sea plantains Plantago coronopus and Pinus pinaster. The precipitous north facing cliffs support some maritime cliff ledge community where sea cabbage Brassica oleracea and sea campion Silene vulgaris ssp. maritime dominate, however many of the ledges are fully occupied by colonies of breeding seabirds. West facing cliffs have sea cabbage replaced by red valerian Centranthus ruber. This site supports a notable assemblage of rock and soil inhabiting lichens, characteristic of carboniferous limestone cliff, outcrops and crevices. Caloplaca species are well represented and support the nationally rare lichen-parasitizing fungus Opegrapha parasitica. The site is important for its nationally important numbers of breeding cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo, which occur on sea cliffs predominantly between March and August of each year. A bonus feature is the assemblage of breeding guillemot Uria aalge, razorbill Alca torda, kittiwake Rissa tridactyla and shag Phalacrocorax aristotelis, which regularly occur alongside the cormorant. As a bonus feature the headland caves have historically supported hibernating populations of lesser horseshoe bat Rhinolophus hipposideros. Marine Biology: The intertidal area is of special interest due to the occurrence of specialised and nationally scarce biotopes (seashore and seabed habitats and their associated communities), which are largely characteristic of the hard vertical limestone rock of the headland, or the softer boulders to the west of the headland. Sand-scoured cave habitats occur around the peninsula and are typified by faunal crusts dominated by the common mussel Mytilus edulis, acorn barnacles such as Semibalanus balanoides and anemones such as Metridium senile. The sea cliffs show an almost uninterrupted rocky shore zonation around the headland. The upper zonation is characterized by wide but patchy bands of yellow and grey lichens, below which is a nearly continuous band of black tar lichen Verrucaria maura. Acorn barnacles such as Chthamalus montagui, Chthamalus stellatus and Semibalanus balanoides occur below the lichens. Typically the seaward zonation is characterized by a nationally scarce ‘piddock’ biotope with the rock boring bivalve Hiatella arctica. To the east of the headland this species occurs amongst the toothed wrack Fucus serratus. However along the majority of the rock headland it occurs within a band of oarweed Laminaria digitata to below mean low water. Unusually high numbers of the polychaete worm Polydora sp. with the anemone Sagartia troglodytes, are found at the bottom of the shore. This biotope is rarely described in the United Kingdom and this is the only recorded intertidal example. Other biotopes are interspersed along the area of zonation, the most common of which is dominated by the common mussel. To the west of the headland, the seaward band of ‘piddocks’ continues within the zone of oarweed, but on boulders rather than bedrock outcrops. The boulders have ‘shaded overhangs’ typified by red seaweeds such as Membranoptera alata and the dulce Palmaria palmata, with sponges such as Hymeniacidon perleve and the breadcrumb sponge Halichondria panicea. Under-boulder habitats are typified by bryozoan crusts, scaleworms Harmöthoe spp., sponges such as Hymeniacidon perleve, Sycon ciliatum and the breadcrumb sponge, crabs such as broad clawed porcelain crab Porcellana platycheles and long clawed porcelain crab Pisidia longicornis and the brittlestar Ophiothrix fragilis. Sandy rockpools characterized by seaweeds such as toothed wrack, mermaids tresses Chorda filum and filamentous red algae Ceramium spp. and Polysiphonia spp. occur to the far west of the headland. Other species found in the rockpools include prawns, dog whelk Nucella lapillus and common periwinkle Littorina littorea. The back of the shore here is either of boulder clay or low garden walls, fronted by artificially restored shingle beach. To the east of the site a small beach at Porth Dyniewaid is composed of shingle. Large rock boulders exhibit acorn barnacle and common mussel zonation, with brown algal crusts on some upper shore caves. Remarks: Part of the site is owned by the North Wales Wildlife Trust (NWWT) The intertidal section of this site contains ‘reef’ habitat features as described under Annex 1 of the EC Habitats Directive (Directive 92/43/EEC on the Conservation of Natural Habitats and ofWild Fauna and Flora). Areas of this site below Mean Low Water mark are part of the Y Fenai a Bae Conwy/Menai Strait and Conwy Bay Special Area of Conservation (SAC). Veronica spicata ssp. hybrida is a schedule 8 species in the Wildlife and Countryside Act (as amended). Lowland calcareous grassland & calcareous grassland, maritime cliff & slope, improved grassland, broadleaved, mixed and yew woodland, bracken, inland rock are all Biodiversity Action Plan habitats. The lesser horseshoe bat Rhinolophus hipposideros is a priority Biodiversity Action Plan species. The lichens Leptogium diffractum and Catapyrenium pilosellum are ‘near threatened’ Red Data Book species.
Species mentioned
Show the 63 species mentioned in the description, with red-list status| English name search for this in other sites |
Latin name search with Google |
IUCN / Red List | Type | Family |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| mermaid's tresses | Chorda filum | Not listed in GB list | algae brown | chordaceae |
| serrated wrack | Fucus serratus | Not listed in GB list | algae brown | fucaceae |
| oar weed | Laminaria digitata | Not listed in GB list | algae brown | laminariaceae |
| winged weed | Membranoptera alata | Not listed in GB list | algae red | delesseriaceae |
| dulse | Palmaria palmata | Not listed in GB list | algae red | palmariaceae |
| plumose anemone | Metridium senile | Not listed in GB list | anemone | metridiidae |
| acorn barnacle | Semibalanus balanoides | Not listed in GB list | barnacle | archaeobalanidae |
| lesser horseshoe bat | Rhinolophus hipposideros | LC | bat | vespertillonidae |
| Phalacrocorax aristotelis | Not listed in GB list | bird | phalacrocoracidae | |
| razorbill | Alca torda | LC (Breeding) | bird-auk | alcidae |
| guillemot | Uria aalge | LC (Breeding) | bird-auk | alcidae |
| shag | Gulosus aristotelis | VU (Breeding) | bird-frigate | fregatidae |
| cormorant | Phalacrocorax carbo | NT (Breeding) | bird-frigate | fregatidae |
| kittiwake | Rissa tridactyla | EN (Breeding) | bird-gull | laridae |
| wrinkled rock borer | Hiatella arctica | Not listed in GB list | bivalve | hiatellidae |
| blue mussel | Mytilus edulis | LC | bivalve | mytilidae |
| common brittle star | Ophiothrix fragilis | Not listed in GB list | brittle star | ophiotrichidae |
| Chthamalus montagui | Not listed in GB list | crustacean | chthamalidae | |
| long-clawed porcelain crab | Pisidia longicornis | Not listed in GB list | crustacean | porcellanidae |
| broad-clawed porcelain crab | Porcellana platycheles | Not listed in GB list | crustacean | porcellanidae |
| bracken | Pteridium aquilinum | LC | fern | dennstaedtiaceae |
| common bent | Agrostis capillaris | LC | grass | poaceae |
| meadow oat grass | Avenula pratensis | Not listed in GB list | grass | poaceae |
| crested dog's tail | Cynosurus cristatus | LC | grass | poaceae |
| cock's foot | Dactylis glomerata | LC | grass | poaceae |
| sheep's fescue | Festuca ovina | LC | grass | poaceae |
| red fescue | Festuca rubra | LC | grass | poaceae |
| Yorkshire fog | Holcus lanatus | LC | grass | poaceae |
| crested hair-grass | Koeleria macrantha | NT | grass | poaceae |
| perennial rye-grass | Lolium perenne | LC | grass | poaceae |
| thrift | Armeria maritima | CR | herb | plumbaginaceae |
| daisy | Bellis perennis | LC | herb | asteraceae |
| yellowwort | Blackstonia perfoliata | LC | herb | gentianaceae |
| wild cabbage | Brassica oleracea | LC | herb | brassicaceae |
| carline thistle | Carlina vulgaris | LC | herb | asteraceae |
| red valerian | Centranthus ruber | Not listed in GB list | herb | caprifiaceae |
| dwarf mouse ear | Cerastium pumilum | NT | herb | carophyllaceae |
| lady's bedstraw | Galium verum | LC | herb | rubiaceae |
| rock roses | Helianthemum nummularium | VU | herb | cistaceae |
| hutchinsia | Hornungia petraea | NT | herb | brassicaceae |
| fairy flax | Linum catharticum | LC | herb | linaceae |
| birdsfoot trefoil | Lotus corniculatus | LC | herb | fabaceae |
| white horehound | Marrubium vulgare | VU | herb | lamiaceae |
| spring sandwort | Minuartia verna | Not listed in GB list | herb | carophyllaceae |
| buck's-horn plantain | Plantago coronopus | LC | herb | plantaginaceae |
| spring cinquefoil | Potentilla tabernaemontani | Not listed in GB list | herb | rosaceae |
| salad burnet | Poterium sanguisorba | VU | herb | rosaceae |
| spring squill | Scilla verna | LC | herb | liliaceae |
| bladder campion | Silene vulgaris | VU | herb | carophyllaceae |
| wild thyme | Thymus polytrichus | Not listed in GB list | herb | lamiaceae |
| white clover | Trifolium repens | LC | herb | fabaceae |
| nettle | Urtica dioica | LC | herb | urticaceae |
| spiked speedwell | Veronica spicata | LC | herb | plantaginaceae |
| Catapyrenium pilosellum | Not listed in GB list | lichen | verrucariaceae | |
| sea tar | Verrucaria maura | Not listed in GB list | lichen | no common name |
| periwinkle | Littorina littorea | LC | mollusc | littorinidae |
| no common name | Wheeleria spilodactylus | Not listed in GB list | moth | pterophoridae |
| glaucus sedge | Carex flacca | LC | sedge | cyperaceae |
| gorse | Ulex europaeus | LC | shrub | leguminosae |
| breadcomb sponge | Halichondria panicea | Not listed in GB list | sponge | halichondriidae |
| sponge | Hymeniacidon perleve | Not listed in GB list | sponge | halichondriidae |
| sponge | Sycon ciliatum | Not listed in GB list | sponge | sycettidae |
| maritime pine | Pinus pinaster | Not listed in GB list | tree | pinaceae |
Plant communities
CG1 — Lowland calcareous grassland
Festuca ovina-Carlina vulgaris grassland
Show 96 indicator speciesCarex caryophyllea, Carex flacca, Carex humilis, Dicranum scoparium, Ditrichum flexicaule, Fissedens spp., Homalothecium lutescens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Scorpiurium circinatum, Tortella nitida, Tortella tortuosa, Cladonia rangiformis, Daucus carota, Trinia glauca, Aster linosyris, Bellis perennis, Carlina vulgaris, Centaurea nigra, Centaurea scabiosa, Cirsium acaule, Crepis capillaris, Echium vulgare, Hypochaeris radicata, Inula conyza, Leontodon hispidus, Leontodon saxatilis, Pilosella officinarum, Taraxacum officianalis, Draba aizoides, Campanula rotundifolia, Scabiosa columbaria, Arenaria serpyllifolia, Cerastium diffusum, Cerastium fontanum, Cerastium pumilum, Helianthemum apenninum, Helianthemum nummularium, Helianthemum oelandicum icanum, Sedum acre, Sedum forsteranum, Euphorbia portlandica, Anthyllis vulneraria, Hippocrepis comosa, Lotus corniculatus, Medicago lupulina, Trifolium dubium, Trifolium repens, Trifolium scabrum, Trifolium striatum, Blackstonia perfoliata, Centaurium erythraea, Gentianella amarella, Acinos arvensis, Teucrium scorodonia, Thymus praecox, Scilla autumnalis, Scilla verna, Linum catharticum, Anacamptis pyramidalis, Euphrasia officinalis, Rhinanthus minor, Plantago coronopus, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Plantago media, Armeria maritima, Polygala vulgaris, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus bulbosus, Filipendula vulgaris, Potentilla tabernaemontani, Poterium sanguisorba, Asperula cynanchica, Galium verum, Viola hirta, Agrostis capillaris, Aira caryophyllea, Aira praecox, Avenula pratensis, Avenula pubescens, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Briza media, Bromus hordeaceous, Catapodium rigidum, Cynosurus cristatus, Dactylis glomerata, Danthonia decumbens, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Koeleria macrantha, Koeleria vallesiana, Phleum pratense, Poa pratensis, Trisetum flavescens
CG2 — Lowland calcareous grassland
Festuca ovina-Avenula pratensis grassland
Show 130 indicator speciesUlex europaeus, Crataegus monogyna, Carex caryophyllea, Carex flacca, Carex humilis, Luzula campestris, Dicranum scoparium, Fissidens dubius, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Campyliadelphus chrysophyllus, Ctenidium molluscum, Homalothecium lutescens, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Neckera complanata, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Weissia brachycarpa, Cladonia rangiformis, Daucus carota, Pimpinella saxifraga, Achillea millefolium, Bellis perennis, Carduus nutans, Carlina vulgaris, Centaurea nigra, Centaurea scabiosa, Cirsium acaule, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium eriophorum, Cirsium palustre, Cirsium vulgare, Crepis capillaris, Hypochaeris maculata, Hypochaeris radicata, Inula conyza, Jacobaea vulgaris, Leontodon hispidus, Leontodon saxatilis, Leucanthemum vulgare, Picris hieracioides, Pilosella officinarum, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Serratula tinctoria, Taraxacum officianalis, Tephroseris integrifolius, Tragopogon pratensis, Campanula glomerata, Campanula rotundifolia, Phyteuma orbiculare, Scabiosa columbaria, Succisa pratensis, Arenaria serpyllifolia, Cerastium fontanum, Sedum acre, Anthyllis vulneraria, Astragalus danicus, Hippocrepis comosa, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus corniculatus, Medicago lupulina, Onobrychis viciifolia, Ononis repens, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Blackstonia perfoliata, Centaurium erythraea, Gentianella amarella, Gentianella anglica, Geranium sanguineum, Hypericum montanum, Teucrium scorodonia, Thymus praecox, Thymus pulegioides, Linum catharticum, Dactylorhiza fuchsii, Dactylorhiza viridis, Gymnadenia conopsea, Ophyrs apifera, Euphrasia officinalis, Rhinanthus minor, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago media, Veronica chamaedrys, Polygala calcarea, Polygala vulgaris, Rumex acetosa, Primula veris, Primula vulgaris, Pulsatilla vulgaris, Ranunculus bulbosus, Agrimonia eupatoria, Filipendula vulgaris, Fragaria vesca, Potentilla erecta, Poterium sanguisorba, Asperula cynanchica, Galium mollugo sens.lat., Galium sterneri, Galium verum, Thesium humifusum, Urtica dioica, Viola hirta, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Avenula pratensis, Avenula pubescens, Brachypodium pinnatum, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Briza media, Bromopsis erecta, Cynosurus cristatus, Dactylis glomerata, Danthonia decumbens, Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Koeleria macrantha, Lolium perenne, Phleum pratense, Poa pratensis, Schedonorus arundinaceus, Trisetum flavescens, Chara curta
CG3 — Lowland calcareous grassland
Bromus erectus grassland
Show 120 indicator speciesFraxinus excelsior, Ulex europaeus, Clematis vitalba, Crataegus monogyna, Carex caryophyllea, Carex flacca, Dicranum scoparium, Fissidens dubius, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Campyliadelphus chrysophyllus, Ctenidium molluscum, Homalothecium lutescens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Weissia brachycarpa, Daucus carota, Pimpinella saxifraga, Achillea millefolium, Arctium minus, Bellis perennis, Carduus nutans, Carlina vulgaris, Centaurea nigra, Centaurea scabiosa, Cirsium acaule, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium eriophorum, Crepis capillaris, Hypochaeris maculata, Hypochaeris radicata, Jacobaea vulgaris, Leontodon hispidus, Leontodon saxatilis, Leucanthemum vulgare, Picris hieracioides, Pilosella officinarum, Taraxacum officianalis, Tragopogon pratensis, Campanula glomerata, Campanula rotundifolia, Phyteuma orbiculare, Knautia arvensis, Scabiosa columbaria, Succisa pratensis, Cerastium fontanum, Convolvulus arvensis, Anthyllis vulneraria, Hippocrepis comosa, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus corniculatus, Medicago lupulina, Onobrychis viciifolia, Ononis repens, Ononis spinosa, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Blackstonia perfoliata, Centaurium erythraea, Gentianella amarella, Clinopodium vulgare, Origanum vulgare, Thymus praecox, Thymus pulegioides, Linum catharticum, Anacamptis pyramidalis, Dactylorhiza fuchsii, Dactylorhiza viridis, Epipactis purpurata, Gymnadenia conopsea, Ophyrs apifera, Euphrasia officinalis, Orobanche elatior, Rhinanthus minor, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago media, Veronica chamaedrys, Polygala vulgaris, Rumex acetosa, Primula veris, Primula vulgaris, Pulsatilla vulgaris, Ranunculus bulbosus, Ranunculus repens, Reseda lutea, Agrimonia eupatoria, Filipendula vulgaris, Potentilla reptans, Poterium sanguisorba, Rosa canina, Asperula cynanchica, Cruciata laevipes, Galium mollugo sens.lat., Galium verum, Thesium humifusum, Viola hirta, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Avenula pratensis, Avenula pubescens, Brachypodium pinnatum, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Briza media, Bromopsis erecta, Cynosurus cristatus, Dactylis glomerata, Danthonia decumbens, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Koeleria macrantha, Lolium perenne, Phleum pratense, Poa pratensis, Schedonorus arundinaceus, Trisetum flavescens
CG4 — Lowland calcareous grassland
Brachypodium pinnatum grassland
Show 95 indicator speciesFraxinus excelsior, Sambucus nigra, Ulex europaeus, Crataegus monogyna, Carex caryophyllea, Carex flacca, Luzula campestris, Dicranum scoparium, Fissidens dubius, Campyliadelphus chrysophyllus, Ctenidium molluscum, Hylocomium splendens, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Weissia brachycarpa, Daucus carota, Pimpinella saxifraga, Achillea millefolium, Bellis perennis, Carlina vulgaris, Centaurea nigra, Centaurea scabiosa, Cirsium acaule, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium vulgare, Crepis capillaris, Hieracium sect. Vulgata, Hypochaeris radicata, Inula conyza, Jacobaea vulgaris, Leontodon hispidus, Leucanthemum vulgare, Pilosella officinarum, Taraxacum officianalis, Tragopogon pratensis, Campanula glomerata, Campanula rotundifolia, Knautia arvensis, Scabiosa columbaria, Succisa pratensis, Cerastium fontanum, Anthyllis vulneraria, Hippocrepis comosa, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus corniculatus, Medicago lupulina, Ononis repens, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Blackstonia perfoliata, Centaurium erythraea, Gentianella amarella, Hypericum hirsutum, Origanum vulgare, Teucrium scorodonia, Thymus praecox, Linum catharticum, Anacamptis pyramidalis, Euphrasia officinalis, Plantago lanceolata, Veronica chamaedrys, Polygala vulgaris, Rumex acetosa, Primula veris, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus bulbosus, Ranunculus repens, Filipendula vulgaris, Poterium sanguisorba, Rosa canina, Asperula cynanchica, Cruciata laevipes, Galium mollugo sens.lat., Galium verum, Urtica dioica, Viola hirta, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Avenula pratensis, Avenula pubescens, Brachypodium pinnatum, Briza media, Cynosurus cristatus, Dactylis glomerata, Danthonia decumbens, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Koeleria macrantha, Lolium perenne, Phleum pratense, Trisetum flavescens
CG5 — Lowland calcareous grassland
Bromus erectus-Brachypodium pinnatum grassland
Show 92 indicator speciesSalix caprea, Acer pseudoplatanus, Fagus sylvatica, Quercus robur, Fraxinus excelsior, Sorbus aria, Sambucus nigra, Ulex europaeus, Clematis vitalba, Crataegus monogyna, Carex caryophyllea, Carex flacca, Dicranum scoparium, Fissidens dubius, Campyliadelphus chrysophyllus, Ctenidium molluscum, Homalothecium lutescens, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Weissia brachycarpa, Pimpinella saxifraga, Achillea millefolium, Bellis perennis, Carlina vulgaris, Centaurea nigra, Centaurea scabiosa, Cirsium acaule, Cirsium eriophorum, Hieracium sect. Vulgata, Inula conyza, Jacobaea vulgaris, Leontodon hispidus, Leucanthemum vulgare, Picris hieracioides, Pilosella officinarum, Serratula tinctoria, Taraxacum officianalis, Tragopogon pratensis, Campanula glomerata, Campanula rotundifolia, Knautia arvensis, Scabiosa columbaria, Succisa pratensis, Cerastium fontanum, Anthyllis vulneraria, Astragalus danicus, Genista tinctoria, Hippocrepis comosa, Lotus corniculatus, Medicago lupulina, Ononis repens, Ononis spinosa, Trifolium pratense, Vicia cracca, Blackstonia perfoliata, Centaurium erythraea, Gentianella amarella, Thymus praecox, Linum catharticum, Anacamptis pyramidalis, Ophyrs apifera, Euphrasia officinalis, Rhinanthus minor, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago major, Plantago media, Polygala calcarea, Polygala vulgaris, Primula veris, Primula vulgaris, Pulsatilla vulgaris, Ranunculus bulbosus, Filipendula vulgaris, Poterium sanguisorba, Asperula cynanchica, Galium mollugo sens.lat., Galium verum, Thesium humifusum, Viola hirta, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Avenula pratensis, Avenula pubescens, Brachypodium pinnatum, Briza media, Bromopsis erecta, Dactylis glomerata, Danthonia decumbens, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Koeleria macrantha, Poa pratensis, Trisetum flavescens
CG6 — Lowland calcareous grassland
Avenula pubescens grassland
Show 89 indicator speciesFraxinus excelsior, Carex caryophyllea, Carex flacca, Fissidens dubius, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Campyliadelphus chrysophyllus, Ctenidium molluscum, Homalothecium lutescens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Pimpinella saxifraga, Achillea millefolium, Bellis perennis, Centaurea nigra, Centaurea scabiosa, Cirsium acaule, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium palustre, Cirsium vulgare, Crepis capillaris, Erigeron acris, Jacobaea vulgaris, Leontodon hispidus, Leucanthemum vulgare, Pilosella officinarum, Taraxacum officianalis, Tragopogon pratensis, Cynoglossum officinale, Campanula rotundifolia, Knautia arvensis, Scabiosa columbaria, Succisa pratensis, Cerastium fontanum, Lotus corniculatus, Medicago lupulina, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Gentianella amarella, Clinopodium vulgare, Thymus praecox, Linum catharticum, Anacamptis pyramidalis, Dactylorhiza viridis, Epipactis purpurata, Neottia ovata, Euphrasia officinalis, Orobanche elatior, Linaria vulgaris, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago media, Veronica chamaedrys, Polygala vulgaris, Rumex acetosa, Primula veris, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus bulbosus, Reseda lutea, Reseda luteola, Agrimonia eupatoria, Filipendula vulgaris, Fragaria vesca, Potentilla reptans, Poterium sanguisorba, Asperula cynanchica, Galium mollugo sens.lat., Galium verum, Urtica dioica, Viola hirta, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Avenula pratensis, Avenula pubescens, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Briza media, Cynosurus cristatus, Dactylis glomerata, Danthonia decumbens, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Koeleria macrantha, Phleum pratense, Poa pratensis, Trisetum flavescens
CG7 — Lowland calcareous grassland
Festuca ovina-Hieracium pilosella-Thymus praecox/pulegioides grassland
Show 120 indicator speciesSambucus nigra, Juniperus communis, Carex caryophyllea, Carex eragrostis, Carex flacca, Luzula campestris, Bryum capillare, Ceratodon purpureus, Dicranum scoparium, Ditrichum flexicaule, Fissidens dubius, Encalypta vulgaris, Brachythecium albicans, Campyliadelphus chrysophyllus, Ctenidium molluscum, Homalothecium lutescens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Rhytidium rugosum, Polytrichum juniperinum, Barbula unguiculata, Weissia brachycarpa, Ptilidium ciliare, Buellia epigaea, Cladonia arbuscula, Cladonia fimbriata, Cladonia foliacea, Cladonia gracilis, Cladonia impexa, Cladonia papillaria, Cladonia pyxidata, Cladonia rangiformis, Cladonia squamosa, Cladonia tenuis, Collema tenax, Cornicularia aculeata, Diploschistes scruposus, Peltigera canina, Squamaria lentigera, Daucus carota, Achillea millefolium, Arctium minus, Bellis perennis, Carlina vulgaris, Centaurea scabiosa, Cirsium acaule, Cirsium palustre, Cirsium vulgare, Crepis capillaris, Erigeron acris, Inula conyza, Jacobaea vulgaris, Leontodon hispidus, Pilosella officinarum, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Taraxacum officianalis, Myosotis ramosissima, Erophila verna, Teesdalia nudicaulis, Campanula rotundifolia, Knautia arvensis, Scabiosa columbaria, Arenaria serpyllifolia, Cerastium fontanum, Sagina nodosa, Sedum acre, Sedum album, Anthyllis vulneraria, Astragalus danicus, Lotus corniculatus, Medicago lupulina, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Blackstonia perfoliata, Centaurium erythraea, Gentianella amarella, Eriodium cicutarium, Hypericum perforatum, Acinos arvensis, Clinopodium vulgare, Thymus praecox, Linum catharticum, Dactylorhiza viridis, Epipactis purpurata, Euphrasia officinalis, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago media, Veronica arvensis, Polygala vulgaris, Rumex acetosa, Rumex acetosella, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus bulbosus, Agrimonia eupatoria, Fragaria vesca, Potentilla reptans, Poterium sanguisorba, Asperula cynanchica, Galium saxatile, Galium verum, Viola hirta, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Avenula pratensis, Avenula pubescens, Briza media, Catapodium rigidum, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Koeleria macrantha, Phleum pratense, Poa pratensis, Trisetum flavescens, Aphanes arvensis, Botrychium lunaria
CG8 — Lowland calcareous grassland
Sesleria albicans-Scabiosa columbaria grassland
Show 83 indicator speciesUlex europaeus, Carex caryophyllea, Carex flacca, Carex pulicaris, Bryum argenteum, Mnium hornum, Plagiomnium undulatum, Ceratodon purpureus, Fissidens dubius, Encalypta streptocarpa, Encalypta vulgaris, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Campyliadelphus chrysophyllus, Ctenidium molluscum, Hypnum cupressiforme, Oxyrrhynchium hians, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Daucus carota, Pimpinella saxifraga, Achillea millefolium, Carlina vulgaris, Centaurea nigra, Centaurea scabiosa, Cirsium vulgare, Hieracium sect. Vulgata, Hypochaeris radicata, Jacobaea vulgaris, Leontodon hispidus, Pilosella officinarum, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Taraxacum officianalis, Campanula rotundifolia, Knautia arvensis, Scabiosa columbaria, Succisa pratensis, Cerastium fontanum, Anthyllis vulneraria, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus corniculatus, Medicago lupulina, Trifolium medium, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Gentianella amarella, Hypericum montanum, Hypericum pulchrum, Thymus praecox, Linum catharticum, Linum perenne, Dactylorhiza viridis, Epipactis atrorubens, Gymnadenia conopsea, Neottia ovata, Euphrasia officinalis, Rhinanthus minor, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Plantago media, Polygala vulgaris, Primula veris, Primula vulgaris, Poterium sanguisorba, Galium verum, Viola hirta, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Arrhenatherum elatius, Avenula pratensis, Avenula pubescens, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Briza media, Bromopsis erecta, Cynosurus cristatus, Dactylis glomerata, Danthonia decumbens, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Koeleria macrantha, Sesleria caerulea, Trisetum flavescens, Chara curta
CG9 — Limestone pavement, Lowland calcareous grassland, Upland calcareous grassland
Sesleria albicans-Galium sterneri grassland
Show 107 indicator speciesEmpetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Carex capillaris, Carex caryophyllea, Carex eragrostis, Carex flacca, Carex hostiana, Carex panicea, Carex pulicaris, Kobresia simpliciuscula, Selaginella selaginoides, Rhodobryum roseum, Dicranum scoparium, Ditrichum flexicaule, Fissidens dubius, Encalypta streptocarpa, Racomitrium canescens sens.lat., Racomitrium lanuginosum, Ctenidium molluscum, Homalothecium lutescens, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Neckera crispa, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Rhytidium rugosum, Thuidium tamariscinum, Polytrichum juniperinum, Tortella tortuosa, Barbilophozia barbata, Blepharostoma trichophyllum, Frullania tamarisci, Lophocolea bidentata, Plagiochila asplenioides, Scapania aspera, Tritomaria quinquedentata, Cetraria islandica, Cladonia pocillum, Cladonia rangiformis, Cornicularia aculeata, Pimpinella saxifraga, Achillea millefolium, Antennaria dioica, Bellis perennis, Carlina vulgaris, Cirsium vulgare, Leontodon hispidus, Pilosella officinarum, Taraxacum officianalis, Myosotis alpestris, Cochlearia alpina, Draba incana, Campanula rotundifolia, Scabiosa columbaria, Succisa pratensis, Cerastium fontanum, Minuartia verna, Parnassia palustris, Helianthemum oelandicum icanum, Sedum acre, Anthyllis vulneraria, Hippocrepis comosa, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium repens, Gentiana verna, Gentianella amarella, Hypericum pulchrum, Thymus praecox, Pinguicula vulgaris, Linum catharticum, Epipactis atrorubens, Euphrasia confusa, Euphrasia officinalis, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Veronica officinalis, Polygala vulgaris, Polygonum viviparum, Primula farinosa, Primula vulgaris, Thalictrum minus, Dryas octopetala, Potentilla erecta, Potentilla tabernaemontani, Poterium sanguisorba, Asperula cynanchica, Galium sterneri, Galium verum, Saxifraga hypnoides, Viola hirta, Viola riviniana, Viola rupestris, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Avenula pratensis, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Briza media, Cynosurus cristatus, Dactylis glomerata, Danthonia decumbens, Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Koeleria macrantha, Molinia caerulea, Sesleria caerulea
CG10 — Brownfield, Limestone pavement, Upland calcareous grassland
Festuca ovina-Agrostis capillaris-Thymus praecox grassland
Show 129 indicator speciesEmpetrum nigrum, Empetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea, Vaccinium myrtillus, Carex binervis, Carex caryophyllea, Carex demissa, Carex flacca, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex pilulifera, Carex pulicaris, Juncus squarrosus, Luzula campestris, Luzula multiflora, Luzula sylvatica, Selaginella selaginoides, Breutelia chrysocoma, Bryum pallens, Bryum pseudotriquetrum, Mnium hornum, Plagiomnium undulatum, Rhizomnium punctatum, Dicranum scoparium, Ditrichum flexicaule, Fissidens adianthoides, Fissidens osmundoides, Racomitrium canescens sens.lat., Racomitrium lanuginosum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Ctenidium molluscum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Hypnum jutlandicum, Pleurozium schreberi, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Sanionia uncinata, Thuidium delicatulum, Thuidium tamariscinum, Tortella tortuosa, Frullania tamarisci, Lophocolea bidentata, Plagiochila asplenioides, Ptilidium ciliare, Scapania undulata, Cetraria islandica, Peltigera canina, Angelica sylvestris, Achillea millefolium, Antennaria dioica, Bellis perennis, Cirsium palustre, Hieraclium spp., Hypochaeris radicata, Jacobaea vulgaris, Pilosella officinarum, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Solidago virgaurea, Cardamine pratensis, Campanula rotundifolia, Succisa pratensis, Cerastium fontanum, Silene acaulis, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Lathyrus montanus, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium repens, Gentianella campestris, Hypericum pulchrum, Thymus praecox, Pinguicula vulgaris, Linum catharticum, Euphrasia confusa, Euphrasia officinalis, Euphrasia scottica, Oxalis acetosella, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Veronica officinalis, Polygala serpyllifolia, Polygonum viviparum, Rumex acetosa, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus repens, Thalictrum alpinum, Alchemilla alpina, Alchemilla filicaulis, Alchemilla glabra, Alchemilla wichurae, Alchemilla xanthochlora, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum rivale, Potentilla crantzii, Potentilla erecta, Potentilla sterilis, Rubus idaeus, Galium boreale, Galium saxatile, Galium sterneri, Galium verum, Saxifraga aizoides, Saxifraga oppositifolia, Viola riviniana, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Aira praecox, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Avenula pratensis, Briza media, Cynosurus cristatus, Danthonia decumbens, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Koeleria macrantha, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta, Poa pratensis, Blechnum spicant, Pteridium aquilinum, Botrychium lunaria, Thelypteris limbosperma
CG11 — Upland calcareous grassland
Festuca ovina-Agrostis capillaris-Alchemilla alpina grass-heath
Show 115 indicator speciesEmpetrum nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Erica tetralix, Vaccinium myrtillus, Salix herbacea, Carex bigelowii, Carex binervis, Carex caryophyllea, Carex flacca, Carex panicea, Carex pilulifera, Carex pulicaris, Trichophorum cespitosum, Juncus squarrosus, Juncus trifidus, Luzula campestris, Luzula multiflora, Luzula spicata, Luzula sylvatica, Diphasiastrum alpinum, Huperzia selago, Selaginella selaginoides, Breutelia chrysocoma, Mnium hornum, Plagiomnium undulatum, Dicranum scoparium, Racomitrium canescens sens.lat., Racomitrium lanuginosum, Ctenidium molluscum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Pleurozium schreberi, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Sanionia uncinata, Thuidium delicatulum, Thuidium tamariscinum, Pogonatum urnigerum, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Barbilophozia lycopodioides, Diplophyllum albicans, Frullania tamarisci, Nardia scalaris, Ptilidium ciliare, Tritomaria quinquedentata, Cetraria islandica, Cladonia pyxidata, Cladonia uncialis, Peltigera canina, Achillea millefolium, Antennaria dioica, Gnaphalium supinum, Hieraclium spp., Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Taraxacum officianalis, Campanula rotundifolia, Succisa pratensis, Cerastium alpinum, Cerastium fontanum, Minuartia sedoides, Silene acaulis, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Lathyrus montanus, Trifolium repens, Thymus praecox, Pinguicula vulgaris, Linum catharticum, Narthecium ossifragum, Dactylorhiza viridis, Euphrasia officinalis, Oxalis acetosella, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Veronica officinalis, Veronica serpyllifolia, Armeria maritima, Polygonum viviparum, Rumex acetosa, Primula vulgaris, Anemone nemorosa, Ranunculus acris, Thalictrum alpinum, Trollius europaeus, Alchemilla alpina, Alchemilla filicaulis, Alchemilla xanthochlora, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum rivale, Potentilla crantzii, Potentilla erecta, Sibbaldia procumbens, Galium boreale, Galium saxatile, Saxifraga aizoides, Saxifraga hypnoides, Saxifraga oppositifolia, Viola canina, Viola palustris, Viola riviniana, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Danthonia decumbens, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Festuca vivipara, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta, Blechnum spicant, Botrychium lunaria, Thelypteris limbosperma
CG13 — Limestone pavement, Upland calcareous grassland
Dryas octopetala-Carex flacca heath
Show 95 indicator speciesSalix repens, Empetrum nigrum, Empetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Juniperus communis, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, Rubus saxatilis, Carex flacca, Carex panicea, Carex pulicaris, Carex rupestris, Schoenus nigricans, Luzula campestris, Selaginella selaginoides, Breutelia chrysocoma, Dicranum scoparium, Ditrichum flexicaule, Fissidens dubius, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Ctenidium molluscum, Entodon concinnus, Homalothecium lutescens, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Loeskeobryum brevirostre, Neckera complanata, Neckera crispa, Pleurozium schreberi, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Rhytidium rugosum, Thuidium delicatulum, Thuidium tamariscinum, Tortella tortuosa, Frullania tamarisci, Plagiochila asplenioides, Scapania undulata, Cladonia rangiformis, Solorina saccata, Daucus carota, Antennaria dioica, Bellis perennis, Centaurea nigra, Hypochaeris radicata, Jacobaea vulgaris, Pilosella officinarum, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Solidago virgaurea, Taraxacum officianalis, Campanula rotundifolia, Succisa pratensis, Cerastium fontanum, Anthyllis vulneraria, Lathyrus montanus, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Gentianella amarella, Hypericum pulchrum, Thymus praecox, Pinguicula vulgaris, Linum catharticum, Epipactis atrorubens, Neottia ovata, Orchis mascula, Euphrasia confusa, Euphrasia officinalis, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Plantago media, Polygala serpyllifolia, Polygonum viviparum, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Thalictrum alpinum, Dryas octopetala, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla erecta, Galium saxatile, Galium verum, Saxifraga aizoides, Viola riviniana, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Avenula pratensis, Cynosurus cristatus, Danthonia decumbens, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Festuca vivipara, Koeleria macrantha, Molinia caerulea, Polystichum aculeatum
H7 — Hard cliff and cliff slope, Lowland dry heath
Calluna vulgaris-Scilla verna heath
Show 70 indicator speciesSalix repens, Empetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea, Erica tetralix, Erica vagans, Juniperus communis, Ulex europaeus, Carex caryophyllea, Carex flacca, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex pulicaris, Carex serotina, Luzula campestris, Luzula multiflora, Selaginella selaginoides, Hypnum cupressiforme, Frullania tamarisci, Cladonia chlorophaea, Cladonia rangiformis, Daucus carota, Achillea millefolium, Hypochaeris radicata, Leontodon saxatilis, Leucanthemum vulgare, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Serratula tinctoria, Jasione montana, Succisa pratensis, Cerastium diffusum, Cerastium fontanum, Silene uniflora, Sedum anglicum, Anthyllis vulneraria, Astragalus danicus, Genista pilosa, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium repens, Centaurium erythraea, Thymus praecox, Scilla verna, Dactylorhiza purpurella, Euphrasia officinalis, Plantago coronopus, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Polygala serpyllifolia, Polygala vulgaris, Rumex acetosa, Primula vulgaris, Filipendula vulgaris, Potentilla erecta, Galium verum, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Aira caryophyllea, Aira praecox, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Dactylis glomerata, Danthonia decumbens, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Koeleria macrantha, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta, Chara curta
H8 — Hard cliff and cliff slope, Lowland dry heath, Upland dry heath
Calluna vulgaris-Ulex gallii heath
Show 59 indicator speciesCalluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea, Erica tetralix, Vaccinium myrtillus, Ulex europaeus, Ulex gallii, Carex binervis, Carex caryophyllea, Carex flacca, Carex pilulifera, Campylopus flexuosus, Dicranum scoparium, Hypnum cupressiforme, Pleurozium schreberi, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Polytrichum juniperinum, Polytrichum piliferum, Cladonia impexa, Cladonia squamosa, Hypochaeris radicata, Jasione montana, Lotus corniculatus, Hypericum pulchrum, Teucrium scorodonia, Thymus praecox, Scilla verna, Linum catharticum, Pedicularis sylvatica, Digitalis purpurea, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Polygala serpyllifolia, Rumex acetosella, Potentilla erecta, Poterium sanguisorba, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium saxatile, Galium verum, Viola lactea, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis curtisii, Agrostis stolonifera, Agrostis vinealis, Aira praecox, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Avenula pubescens, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Dactylis glomerata, Danthonia decumbens, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta, Pteridium aquilinum, Chara curta
MC1 — Hard cliff and cliff slope
Crithmum maritimum-Spergularia rupicola maritime rock-crevice community
Show 19 indicator speciesTortella flavovirens, Crithmum maritimum, Daucus carota, Inula crithmoides, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Cochlearia danica, Cochlearia officinalis, Cerastium diffusum, Silene uniflora, Spergularia rupicola, Atriplex hastata, Plantago coronopus, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium binervosum, Catapodium marinum, Festuca rubra, Parapholis incurva, Asplenium marinum
MC2 — Hard cliff and cliff slope
Armeria maritima-Ligusticum scoticum maritime rock-crevice community
Show 17 indicator speciesSchistidium maritimum, Ligusticum scoticum, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Cochlearia officinalis, Cerastium fontanum, Silene uniflora, Spergularia rupicola, Atriplex hastata, Sedum rosea, Plantago coronopus, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Rumex crispus, Agrostis stolonifera, Festuca rubra, Asplenium marinum
MC3 — Hard cliff and cliff slope
Rhodiola rosea-Armeria maritima 36-ledge community
Show 15 indicator speciesAngelica sylvestris, Ligusticum scoticum, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Silene dioica, Silene uniflora, Sedum rosea, Lotus corniculatus, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Rumex acetosa, Agrostis stolonifera, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus
MC4 — Hard cliff and cliff slope
Brassica oleracea 36-ledge community
Show 33 indicator speciesDaucus carota, Centaurea nigra, Centaurea scabiosa, Cirsium arvense, Echium vulgare, Jacobaea vulgaris, Leucanthemum vulgare, Pilosella officinarum, Senecio vulgaris, Sonchus oleraceus, Taraxacum officianalis, Tragopogon pratensis, Brassica nigra, Brassica oleracea, Cheiranthus cheiri, Silene nutans, Silene uniflora, Sedum acre, Anthyllis vulneraria, Ononis repens, Teucrium scorodonia, Plantago coronopus, Plantago lanceolata, Armeria maritima, Rumex acetosa, Potentilla reptans, Galium aparine, Agrostis stolonifera, Brachypodium pinnatum, Bromus hordeaceous, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca rubra, Schedonorus arundinaceus
MC5 — Hard cliff and cliff slope
Armeria maritima-Cerastium diffusum ssp. diffusum maritime therophyte community
Show 77 indicator speciesCarex flacca, Hypnum cupressiforme, Tortella flavovirens, Cladonia chlorophaea, Cladonia foliacea, Cladonia rangiformis, Collema spp., Daucus carota, Achillea millefolium, Bellis perennis, Cirsium acaule, Echium vulgare, Jacobaea vulgaris, Leontodon saxatilis, Pilosella officinarum, Senecio vulgaris, Sonchus oleraceus, Taraxacum officianalis, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Myosotis ramosissima, Brassica oleracea, Cochlearia danica, Cochlearia officinalis, Diplotaxis muralis, Jasione montana, Arenaria serpyllifolia, Cerastium diffusum, Cerastium fontanum, Herniaria ciliolata, Sagina apetala, Sagina maritima, Silene uniflora, Spergularia rupicola, Atriplex littoralis, Sedum acre, Sedum anglicum, Euphorbia portlandica, Anthyllis vulneraria, Hippocrepis comosa, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium arvense, Trifolium occidentale, Trifolium repens, Trifolium scabrum, Vicia sativa, Centaurium erythraea, Eriodium cicutarium, Salvia verbenaca, Thymus praecox, Scilla autumnalis, Scilla verna, Radiola linoides, Plantago coronopus, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Veronica arvensis, Armeria maritima, Ranunculus acris, Reseda lutea, Filipendula vulgaris, Poterium sanguisorba, Galium verum, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Aira caryophyllea, Aira praecox, Brachypodium pinnatum, Bromus hordeaceous, Catapodium marinum, Catapodium rigidum, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Koeleria macrantha, Lolium perenne, Schedonorus arundinaceus
MC6 — Coastal vegetated shingle, Hard cliff and cliff slope
Atriplex prostrata-Beta vulgaris ssp. maritima sea-bird cliff community
Show 17 indicator speciesDaucus carota, Sonchus oleraceus, Taraxacum officianalis, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Cochlearia officinalis, Silene uniflora, Spergularia rupicola, Atriplex hastata, Malva arborea, Plantago coronopus, Armeria maritima, Polygonum aviculare, Rumex crispus, Bromus hordeaceous, Catapodium marinum, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca rubra
MC7 — Hard cliff and cliff slope
Stellaria media-Rumex acetosa sea-bird cliff community
Show 24 indicator speciesJuncus articulatus, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Senecio vulgaris, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Cochlearia officinalis, Cerastium fontanum, Cerastium glomeratum, Silene uniflora, Spergula arvensis, Stellaria media agg., Atriplex hastata, Sedum anglicum, Trifolium repens, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Polygonum aviculare, Rumex acetosa, Rumex crispus, Potentilla anserina, Agrostis stolonifera, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Poa annua, Poa pratensis
MC8 — Hard cliff and cliff slope
Festuca rubra-Armeria maritima maritime grassland
Show 45 indicator speciesCarex caryophyllea, Carex distans, Kindbergia praelonga, Tortella flavovirens, Trichostomum brachydontium, Angelica sylvestris, Crithmum maritimum, Daucus carota, Ligusticum scoticum, Achillea millefolium, Cirsium arvense, Hypochaeris radicata, Inula crithmoides, Leontodon saxatilis, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Sonchus oleraceus, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Brassica oleracea, Cochlearia danica, Cochlearia officinalis, Cerastium diffusum, Cerastium fontanum, Sagina apetala, Sagina maritima, Silene uniflora, Spergularia rupicola, Sedum anglicum, Anthyllis vulneraria, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium repens, Centaurium erythraea, Scilla verna, Plantago coronopus, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Rumex acetosa, Potentilla erecta, Agrostis stolonifera, Brachypodium pinnatum, Catapodium marinum, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Poa subcaerulea
MC9 — Hard cliff and cliff slope
Festuca rubra-Holcus lanatus maritime grassland
Show 67 indicator speciesEmpetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Carex caryophyllea, Carex flacca, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Luzula campestris, Hypnum cupressiforme, Kindbergia praelonga, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Trichostomum brachydontium, Cladonia chlorophaea, Peltigera canina, Angelica sylvestris, Conopodium majus, Daucus carota, Heracleum sphondylium, Achillea millefolium, Bellis perennis, Centaurea nigra, Hypochaeris radicata, Jacobaea vulgaris, Leontodon saxatilis, Leucanthemum vulgare, Pilosella officinarum, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Serratula tinctoria, Solidago virgaurea, Cochlearia officinalis, Campanula rotundifolia, Cerastium diffusum, Cerastium fontanum, Sagina apetala, Silene uniflora, Sedum anglicum, Euphorbia portlandica, Anthyllis vulneraria, Genista tinctoria, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium repens, Geranium sanguineum, Thymus praecox, Scilla verna, Euphrasia officinalis, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Rumex acetosa, Rumex crispus, Ficaria verna, Ranunculus acris, Potentilla erecta, Galium verum, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Aira praecox, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Dactylis glomerata, Danthonia decumbens, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Koeleria macrantha, Poa pratensis
MC10 — Maritime cliff
Festuca rubra-Plantago spp. maritime grassland
Show 64 indicator speciesSalix repens, Empetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Erica tetralix, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex serotina, Schoenus nigricans, Juncus acutiflorus, Luzula campestris, Selaginella selaginoides, Mnium hornum, Hypnum cupressiforme, Angelica sylvestris, Daucus carota, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Bellis perennis, Hypochaeris radicata, Leontodon saxatilis, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Cochlearia officinalis, Succisa pratensis, Cerastium diffusum, Cerastium fontanum, Sagina apetala, Sagina procumbens, Silene acaulis, Silene uniflora, Parnassia palustris, Sedum anglicum, Anthyllis vulneraria, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium repens, Gentianella campestris, Thymus praecox, Pinguicula vulgaris, Scilla verna, Linum catharticum, Dactylorhiza purpurella, Euphrasia officinalis, Plantago coronopus, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Polygala serpyllifolia, Rumex acetosa, Anagallis tenella, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus flammula, Potentilla erecta, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Aira praecox, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Danthonia decumbens, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Koeleria macrantha, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta, Poa pratensis
MC11 — Maritime cliff
Festuca rubra-Daucus carota ssp. gummifer maritime grassland
Show 65 indicator speciesCarex caryophyllea, Carex flacca, Crithmum maritimum, Daucus carota, Achillea millefolium, Bellis perennis, Carlina vulgaris, Centaurea nigra, Centaurea scabiosa, Cirsium acaule, Cirsium vulgare, Echium vulgare, Hypochaeris radicata, Jacobaea vulgaris, Leontodon saxatilis, Leucanthemum vulgare, Pilosella officinarum, Senecio vulgaris, Sonchus oleraceus, Taraxacum officianalis, Impatiens nolitangere, Brassica oleracea, Crambe maritima, Arenaria serpyllifolia, Silene nutans, Silene uniflora, Convolvulus arvensis, Sedum acre, Euphorbia portlandica, Anthyllis vulneraria, Hippocrepis comosa, Lotus corniculatus, Medicago lupulina, Ononis repens, Trifolium repens, Vicia sativa, Blackstonia perfoliata, Centaurium erythraea, Teucrium scorodonia, Thymus praecox, Scilla verna, Glaucium flavum, Plantago coronopus, Plantago lanceolata, Armeria maritima, Rumex acetosa, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus bulbosus, Potentilla reptans, Poterium sanguisorba, Galium verum, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Brachypodium pinnatum, Bromus hordeaceous, Catapodium marinum, Cynosurus cristatus, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Koeleria macrantha, Lolium perenne, Schedonorus arundinaceus, Chara curta
MC12 — Maritime cliff
Festuca rubra-Hyacinthoides non-scripta maritime bluebell community
Show 33 indicator speciesHedera helix, Daucus carota, Heracleum sphondylium, Achillea millefolium, Cirsium vulgare, Hypochaeris radicata, Sonchus oleraceus, Cochlearia danica, Cochlearia officinalis, Silene uniflora, Spergularia rupicola, Sedum telephium, Lotus corniculatus, Lotus pedunculatus, Ononis repens, Vicia sativa, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Scilla verna, Plantago lanceolata, Armeria maritima, Rumex acetosa, Ficaria verna, Potentilla erecta, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium verum, Viola riviniana, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Pteridium aquilinum
MG1 — Brownfield, Hard cliff and cliff slope
Arrhenatherum elatius grassland
Show 102 indicator speciesHedera helix, Luzula campestris, Brachythecium rutabulum, Kindbergia praelonga, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Aegopodium podagraria, Anthriscus sylvestris, Conopodium majus, Daucus carota, Heracleum sphondylium, Pimpinella major, Pimpinella saxifraga, Achillea millefolium, Artemisia vulgaris, Carduus nutans, Centaurea nigra, Centaurea scabiosa, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium vulgare, Hypochaeris radicata, Jacobaea vulgaris, Leontodon hispidus, Leucanthemum vulgare, Sonchus asper, Taraxacum officianalis, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Campanula rotundifolia, Knautia arvensis, Scabiosa columbaria, Cerastium fontanum, Silene nutans, Stellaria graminea, Convolvulus arvensis, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus corniculatus, Lotus pedunculatus, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Vicia sativa, Vicia sepium, Geranium dissectum, Hypericum perforatum, Clinopodium vulgare, Glechoma hederacea, Lamium album, Origanum vulgare, Teucrium scorodonia, Thymus praecox, Linum catharticum, Chamerion angustifolium, Epilobium hirsutum, Epipactis purpurata, Rhinanthus minor, Papaver dubium, Plantago lanceolata, Veronica chamaedrys, Rumex acetosa, Rumex crispus, Rumex obtusifolius, Primula veris, Primula vulgaris, Ficaria verna, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus bulbosus, Ranunculus repens, Agrimonia eupatoria, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla reptans, Poterium sanguisorba, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium aparine, Galium mollugo sens.lat., Galium verum, Urtica dioica, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus pratensis, Anisantha sterilis, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Avenula pubescens, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Briza media, Bromopsis erecta, Bromus hordeaceous, Cynosurus cristatus, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia repens, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Lolium perenne, Phleum pratense, Poa pratensis, Poa trivialis, Schedonorus pratensis, Trisetum flavescens, Pteridium aquilinum, Chara vulgaris
MG10 — Coastal floodplain grazing marsh, Hard cliff and cliff slope, Upland rush pasture
Holcus lanatus-Juncus effusus rush-pasture
Show 58 indicator speciesCarex hirta, Carex panicea, Juncus articulatus, Juncus effusus, Juncus inflexus, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Kindbergia praelonga, Angelica sylvestris, Oenanthe crocata, Caltha palustris, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium palustre, Pulicaria dysenterica, Senecio aquaticus, Taraxacum officianalis, Myosotis scorpioides, Cardamine pratensis, Cerastium fontanum, Silene flos-cuculi, Stellaria alsine, Equisetum arvense, Equisetum palustre, Lotus pedunculatus, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Iris pseudacorus, Mentha aquatica, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago major, Polygonum hydropiper, Rumex acetosa, Rumex conglomeratus, Rumex crispus, Rumex obtusifolius, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus repens, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla anserina, Urtica dioica, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus geniculatus, Alopecurus pratensis, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Cynosurus cristatus, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca rubra, Festulolium loliaceum, Glyceria fluitans, Holcus lanatus, Lolium perenne, Phalaris arundinacea, Phleum pratense, Poa pratensis, Poa trivialis, Schedonorus pratensis
MG11 — Brownfield, Coastal floodplain grazing marsh, Hard cliff and cliff slope
Festuca rubra-Agrostis stolonifera-Potentilla anserina grassland
Show 64 indicator speciesAtriplex portulacoides, Carex arenaria, Carex distans, Juncus articulatus, Juncus bufonius, Juncus gerardii, Brachythecium rutabulum, Odontites verna, Oenanthe lachenalii, Bellis perennis, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium vulgare, Hypochaeris radicata, Matricaria discoidea, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Senecio aquaticus, Sonchus asper, Taraxacum officianalis, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Cochlearia anglica, Cochlearia officinalis, Cerastium fontanum, Honckenya peploides, Sagina procumbens, Silene dioica, Silene uniflora, Stellaria media agg., Atriplex hastata, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium repens, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago major, Plantago maritima, Polygonum aviculare, Rumex acetosa, Rumex crispus, Rumex obtusifolius, Glaux maritima, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus repens, Potentilla anserina, Potentilla reptans, Galium aparine, Urtica dioica, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus geniculatus, Ammophila arenaria, Arrhenatherum elatius, Bromus hordeaceous, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia juncea, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Lolium perenne, Parapholis strigosa, Phleum pratense, Poa annua, Poa pratensis, Poa trivialis, Schedonorus arundinaceus, Schedonorus pratensis
MG12 — Coastal floodplain grazing marsh, Hard cliff and cliff slope
Festuca arundinacea grassland
Show 56 indicator speciesAtriplex portulacoides, Carex distans, Carex nigra, Carex otrubae, Eleocharis uniglumis, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus gerardii, Juncus inflexus, Juncus maritimus, Kindbergia praelonga, Odontites verna, Oenanthe crocata, Oenanthe lachenalii, Torilis japonica, Cirsium arvense, Hypochaeris radicata, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Sonchus arvensis, Taraxacum officianalis, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Cerastium fontanum, Stellaria media agg., Atriplex hastata, Equisetum palustre, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Iris pseudacorus, Triglochin maritimum, Triglochin palustre, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago major, Plantago maritima, Rumex crispus, Glaux maritima, Ranunculus acris, Potentilla anserina, Galium palustre, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Cynosurus cristatus, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia atherica, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Lolium perenne, Phragmites australis, Poa pratensis, Schedonorus arundinaceus, Schedonorus pratensis
SD1 — Coastal vegetated shingle, Sand dune
Rumex crispus-Glaucium flavum shingle community
Show 35 indicator speciesSolanum dulcamara, Crithmum maritimum, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium vulgare, Helminthotheca echioides, Hypochaeris radicata, Jacobaea vulgaris, Lactuca serriola, Leontodon saxatilis, Senecio viscosus, Sonchus arvensis, Sonchus asper, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Crambe maritima, Cerastium fontanum, Honckenya peploides, Sagina apetala, Silene uniflora, Atriplex prostrata, Sedum acre, Euphorbia paralias, Lathyrus japonicus, Geranium robertianum, Glaucium flavum, Plantago coronopus, Plantago lanceolata, Rumex crispus, Potentilla anserina, Ammophila arenaria, Arrhenatherum elatius, Elytrigia atherica, Elytrigia juncea, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Lolium perenne
SD2 — Coastal vegetated shingle, Sand dune
Honkenya peploides-Cakile maritima strandline community
Show 30 indicator speciesSalsola kali, Achillea millefolium, Cirsium arvense, Eryngium maritimum, Hypochaeris radicata, Senecio vulgaris, Sonchus arvensis, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Cakile maritima, Cerastium diffusum, Honckenya peploides, Silene uniflora, Stellaria media agg., Atriplex glabriuscula, Atriplex laciniata, Atriplex littoralis, Atriplex patula, Atriplex prostrata, Sedum acre, Polygonum oxyspermum subsp. Raii, Rumex crispus, Potentilla anserina, Agrostis stolonifera, Ammophila arenaria, Arrhenatherum elatius, Elytrigia juncea, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Leymus arenarius, Poa annua
SD3 — Coastal vegetated shingle, Sand dune
Matricaria maritima-Galium aparine strandline community
Show 28 indicator speciesBolboschoenus maritimus, Juncus bufonius, Juncus gerardii, Ligusticum scoticum, Matricaria discoidea, Sonchus arvensis, Sonchus asper, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Mertensia maritima, Cakile maritima, Cochlearia officinalis, Honckenya peploides, Stellaria media agg., Atriplex glabriuscula, Atriplex patula, Atriplex prostrata, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Rumex crispus, Glaux maritima, Galium aparine, Agrostis stolonifera, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Leymus arenarius, Poa annua
U4 — Lowland dry acid grassland, Upland acid grassland, Upland calcareous grassland
Festuca ovina-Agrostis capillaris-Galium saxatile grassland
Show 82 indicator speciesCalluna vulgaris, Vaccinium myrtillus, Carex binervis, Carex caryophyllea, Carex echinata, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex pilulifera, Juncus effusus, Juncus squarrosus, Luzula campestris, Luzula multiflora, Luzula sylvatica, Mnium hornum, Dicranum scoparium, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Pleurozium schreberi, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Thuidium tamariscinum, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Polytrichum commune, Lophocolea bidentata, Conopodium majus, Achillea millefolium, Bellis perennis, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium vulgare, Taraxacum officianalis, Campanula rotundifolia, Succisa pratensis, Cerastium fontanum, Lathyrus montanus, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Thymus praecox, Euphrasia officinalis, Oxalis acetosella, Plantago lanceolata, Veronica chamaedrys, Veronica officinalis, Polygala serpyllifolia, Rumex acetosa, Primula vulgaris, Anemone nemorosa, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus repens, Potentilla erecta, Poterium sanguisorba, Galium saxatile, Galium verum, Viola lutea, Viola palustris, Viola riviniana, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Alopecurus pratensis, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Avenula pratensis, Briza media, Cynosurus cristatus, Dactylis glomerata, Danthonia decumbens, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Lolium perenne, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta, Poa annua, Poa pratensis, Blechnum spicant, Pteridium aquilinum, Chara curta
U5 — Upland acid grassland, Upland calcareous grassland
Nardus stricta-Galium saxatile grassland
Show 79 indicator speciesEmpetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea, Erica tetralix, Vaccinium myrtillus, Carex bigelowii, Carex binervis, Carex demissa, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex pilulifera, Carex pulicaris, Eriophorum angustifolium, Eriophorum vaginatum, Trichophorum cespitosum, Juncus effusus, Juncus squarrosus, Luzula campestris, Luzula multiflora, Luzula sylvatica, Huperzia selago, Selaginella selaginoides, Aulacomnium palustre, Pohlia nutans, Campylopus flexuosus, Dicranella heteromalla, Dicranum scoparium, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Plagiothecium undulatum, Pleurozium schreberi, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Thuidium tamariscinum, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Polytrichum commune, Polytrichum formosum, Polytrichum juniperinum, Sphagnum papillosum, Barbilophozia floerkei, Calypogeia muelleriana, Diplophyllum albicans, Lophocolea bidentata, Lophozia ventricosa, Pleurozia purpurea, Ptilidium ciliare, Scapania gracilis, Cetraria islandica, Cladonia uncialis, Cirsium palustre, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Campanula rotundifolia, Cerastium fontanum, Equisetum palustre, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Trifolium repens, Narthecium ossifragum, Plantago lanceolata, Polygala serpyllifolia, Anemone nemorosa, Ranunculus acris, Alchemilla alpina, Potentilla erecta, Galium saxatile, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis vinealis, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Danthonia decumbens, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta, Blechnum spicant
W13 — Yew wood
Taxus baccata woodland
Show 37 indicator speciesHedera helix, Acer campestre, Acer pseudoplatanus, Ilex aquifolium, Fagus sylvatica, Quercus robur, Fraxinus excelsior, Sorbus aria, Taxus baccata, Buxus sempervirens, Sambucus nigra, Euonymus europaeus, Ligustrum vulgare, Clematis vitalba, Crataegus monogyna, Mnium hornum, Fissidens viridulus, Brachythecium velutinum, Ctenidium molluscum, Kindbergia praelonga, Pseudotaxiphyllum elegans, Rhynchostegium murale, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Thuidium tamariscinum, Tamus communis, Arum maculatum, Eupatorium cannabinum, Inula conyza, Mercurialis perennis, Iris foetidissima, Glechoma hederacea, Fragaria vesca, Rubus fruticosus agg., Atropa belladonna, Urtica dioica, Viola riviniana, Brachypodium sylvaticum
W20 — Montane scrub
Salix lapponum-Luzula sylvatica scrub
Show 107 indicator speciesSalix arbuscula, Salix cinerea, Salix lapponum, Salix myrsinites, Salix phylicifolia, Salix reticulata, Empetrum nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Salix lanata, Vaccinium myrtillus, Vaccinium uliginosum, Carex atrata, Carex bigelowii, Carex binervis, Carex flacca, Luzula multiflora, Luzula sylvatica, Huperzia selago, Selaginella selaginoides, Aulacomnium palustre, Mnium hornum, Philonotis fontana, Plagiomnium undulatum, Rhizomnium punctatum, Dicranum bonjeanii, Dicranum majus, Dicranum scoparium, Fissidens adianthoides, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Ctenidium molluscum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum callichroum, Hypnum cupressiforme, Palustriella commutatum, Plagiothecium denticulatum, Plagiothecium undulatum, Pleurozium schreberi, Ptilium crista-castrensis, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Sanionia uncinata, Scorpidium revolvens, Thuidium tamariscinum, Atrichum undulatum, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Sphagnum capillifolium, Sphagnum fallax, Sphagnum girgensohnii, Sphagnum palustre, Sphagnum russowii, Sphagnum squarrosum, Sphagnum subnitens, Sphagnum teres, Barbilophozia barbata, Chiloscyphus polyanthos, Diplophyllum albicans, Lophocolea bidentata, Plagiochila porelloides, Ptilidium ciliare, Scapania undulata, Cladonia squamosa, Peltigera canina, Angelica sylvestris, Caltha palustris, Hieraclium spp., Saussurea alpina, Solidago virgaurea, Campanula rotundifolia, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana officinalis, Rhodiola rosea, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Thymus praecox, Epilobium anagallidifolium, Dactylorhiza viridis, Euphrasia officinalis, Rhinanthus minor, Oxalis acetosella, Oxyria digyna, Polygonum viviparum, Rumex acetosa, Anemone nemorosa, Ranunculus acris, Thalictrum alpinum, Alchemilla alpina, Alchemilla glabra, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum rivale, Galium boreale, Galium saxatile, Saxifraga aizoides, Saxifraga hypnoides, Saxifraga oppositifolia, Saxifraga stellaris, Viola riviniana, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Nardus stricta, Dryopteris dilatata, Phegopteris connectilis
W21 — Hedgerow scrub, Mixed scrub
Crataegus monogyna-Hedera helix scrub
Show 81 indicator speciesHedera helix, Salix cinerea, Acer pseudoplatanus, Ilex aquifolium, Betula pendula, Corylus avellana, Fagus sylvatica, Quercus robur, Fraxinus excelsior, Malus sylvestris, Sorbus aria, Taxus baccata, Ulmus glabra, Ulmus procera, Sambucus nigra, Viburnum lantana, Euonymus europaeus, Cornus sanguinea, Juniperus communis, Ligustrum vulgare, Clematis vitalba, Rhamnus cathartica, Crataegus laevigata, Crataegus monogyna, Prunus spinosa, Juncus effusus, Plagiomnium undulatum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Kindbergia praelonga, Rhynchostegium confertum, Tamus communis, Heracleum sphondylium, Torilis japonica, Arum maculatum, Arctium minus, Cirsium arvense, Lonicera periclymenum, Moehringia trinervia, Silene dioica, Stellaria graminea, Stellaria holostea, Stellaria media agg., Calystegia sepium, Mercurialis perennis, Geranium robertianum, Iris foetidissima, Glechoma hederacea, Lamium purpureum, Origanum vulgare, Stachys sylvatica, Teucrium scorodonia, Allium ursinum, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Circaea lutetiana, Rumex sanguineus, Anemone nemorosa, Ranunculus repens, Fragaria vesca, Geum urbanum, Potentilla sterilis, Poterium sanguisorba, Rosa arvensis, Rosa canina, Rubia peregrina, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium aparine, Urtica dioica, Viola riviniana, Anisantha sterilis, Arrhenatherum elatius, Brachypodium pinnatum, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Bromopsis erecta, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia repens, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Poa trivialis, Asplenium scolopendrium, Pteridium aquilinum, Dryopteris filix-mas
W22 — Hedgerow scrub, Mixed scrub
Prunus spinosa-Rubus fruticosus scrub
Show 49 indicator speciesHedera helix, Acer campestre, Corylus avellana, Ulex europaeus, Prunus spinosa, Plagiomnium undulatum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Eurhynchium striatum, Kindbergia praelonga, Thuidium tamariscinum, Atrichum undulatum, Lophocolea bidentata, Achillea millefolium, Cardamine flexuosa, Lonicera periclymenum, Moehringia trinervia, Silene dioica, Silene uniflora, Stellaria media agg., Mercurialis perennis, Geranium robertianum, Stachys sylvatica, Teucrium scorodonia, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Oxalis acetosella, Digitalis purpurea, Plantago lanceolata, Veronica chamaedrys, Armeria maritima, Rumex acetosa, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum urbanum, Rosa canina, Rubus fruticosus agg., Rubus idaeus, Galium aparine, Urtica dioica, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Poa trivialis, Asplenium scolopendrium, Pteridium aquilinum, Dryopteris borreri, Dryopteris filix-mas
W25 — Bracken scrub
Pteridium aquilinum-Rubus fruticosus underscrub
Show 53 indicator speciesHedera helix, Acer pseudoplatanus, Fagus sylvatica, Quercus robur, Fraxinus excelsior, Sambucus nigra, Ulex europaeus, Crataegus monogyna, Prunus spinosa, Luzula multiflora, Mnium hornum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Kindbergia praelonga, Angelica sylvestris, Conopodium majus, Heracleum sphondylium, Arum maculatum, Cirsium arvense, Lonicera periclymenum, Silene dioica, Stellaria holostea, Mercurialis perennis, Geranium robertianum, Glechoma hederacea, Teucrium scorodonia, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Chamerion angustifolium, Circaea lutetiana, Digitalis purpurea, Rumex acetosa, Anemone nemorosa, Ficaria verna, Potentilla erecta, Rosa arvensis, Rosa canina, Rubus fruticosus agg., Rubus idaeus, Galium aparine, Galium mollugo sens.lat., Galium saxatile, Urtica dioica, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Poa trivialis, Pteridium aquilinum, Dryopteris dilatata, Dryopteris filix-mas