Eastern Cairngorms

Site of Special Scientific Interest · 57.0801, -3.4769

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Also within

Aberdeenshire CountyBanffshire County Cairngorms National Park Deeside and Lochnagar Scenic AreaThe Cairngorm Mountains Scenic Area 15. Cairngorms Wild Land Area

Condition (NatureScot)

Favourable (8) Unfavourable No Change (1) Unfavourable Declining (2)
UnitFeatureConditionArea (ha)Assessed
F1 Breeding bird assemblage Favourable — 2015-02-18
F10 Upland assemblage Unfavourable No Change — 2019-03-22
F11 Vascular plant assemblage Favourable — 2012-02-13
F12 Native pinewood Unfavourable Declining — 2011-05-17
F2 Fluvial Geomorphology of Scotland Favourable — 2016-12-20
F3 Quaternary of Scotland Favourable — 2005-03-31
F4 Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) Favourable — 2012-03-23
F5 Dystrophic and oligotrophic lochs Favourable — 2012-03-30
F6 Invertebrate assemblage Favourable — 2015-02-18
F7 Bryophyte assemblage Unfavourable Declining — 2011-05-17
F8 Fungi assemblage Favourable — 2017-03-17

Climate exposure

This is about exposure to a nationwide pressure this habitat type carries — not a verdict on this site's own management.

Peatland

Peat habitats store centuries of carbon and depend on a stable, waterlogged water table. Warmer, drier summers dry out peat, making it far more vulnerable to wildfire and to carbon release — a pressure that can undo years of restoration work regardless of how well the site is otherwise managed.

Habitats

Blanket bog, Caledonian forest, Fast flowing river and stream, High montane heath and snow bed, Limestone pavement, Lowland wet heath, Mixed scrub, Montane dwarf shrub heath, Montane scrub, Mountain ledge, Scree, Upland calcareous grassland, Upland wet heath

Geology & landscape

Geological Feature: Rock Outcrop · Geological Period: Quaternary · Rock Type: Granite, Schist

Landscape processes: Fluvial, Glacial, Peatland / Mire, Periglacial, Volcanic / Igneous

Birds & fish recorded

Birds

SpeciesSeason
dotterel Unknown
golden eagle Unknown
merlin Unknown
peregrine Unknown

Fish

SpeciesSeason
Arctic charr Passage
Sea trout Passage

Description

EASTERN CAIRNGORMS The Eastern Cairngorms are located to the north of Braemar. The site comprises the two easternmost mountains of the Cairngorms range, Beinn a' Bhuird (1196 m), and Ben Avon (1171 m), together with Glens Lui and Quoich and parts of Glens Luibeg, Avon and Derry. The Cairngorm mountains are a granite massif, surrounded by schists and other metamorphic rocks that form the lower surrounding hills. The principal hills have extensive summit plateaux containing corries, cliffs, high lochs, streams and rocky gorges. The Cairngorms include the greatest extent of high land in Britain, and this, combined with their relatively continental position, makes low winter temperatures, cool summers and a short growing season notable features of the environment. As such the Cairngorms may be regarded, climatically, geomorphologically and biologically, as the most extensively arctic-like area in Britain. A wide range of plant and animal species and communities are found here including many which are rare or scarce nationally, and the area is of considerable international importance. The Eastern Cairngorms includes extensive areas of high plateau and snow-bed habitats which are amongst the finest in Britain. The Eastern Cairngorms is an area of high conservation interest in itself and also as part of the Cairngorms as a whole. GEOLOGY Quaternary Geology and Geomorphology The Cairngorm mountains is one of most outstanding geomorphological areas in Britain, internationally recognised for its exceptional assemblage of landforms. These are important for scientific research and education, providing insights into long-term processes of mountain landscape evolution and environmental change in a maritime, mid-latitude setting in the northern hemisphere. Relict landforms which originated before the Ice Age, or during its earlier phases, are unusual for their scale of development in a glaciated mountain area; they include tors, weathered bedrock and plateau surfaces. These features stand in sharp contrast to glacial troughs, glacially breached watersheds and corries. Together they form an outstanding example of a landscape of selective glacial erosion. The adjacent glens support a diverse assemblage of glacial meltwater features and glacial deposits, notably channels, eskers, kames, kettle holes, terraces, lake deposits and moraines. Periglacial landforms, illustrating the effects of cold climate conditions on the bedrock and soil, are extensively developed on the high slopes and plateau surfaces and add further to the landform diversity, as do several rock slope failures. A variety of slope landforms, river terraces and gravel-bed rivers reveals the pattern of postglacial landscape changes. The history of climate and change and vegetation development during the final part of the Ice Age and in the subsequent postglacial period is contained in the records of plant remains and pollen grains preserved in lochs and peat bogs. Many of the individual features are classic examples of their type. It is however, the scale and total assemblage of features, developed in a relatively compact area, which makes the site so remarkable. Fluvial Geomorphology In the Eastern Cairngorms, the lower Quoich fan provides a classic example of the impact of reduced channel slope and confinement of channel platform. The river debouches from a long rock controlled section within schist bedrock through which sediment is funnelled during floods. Recent research has demonstrated a complex history of planform adjustment. Of particular interest is the response to the catastrophic 1829 flood event (estimated recurrence interval of 300-500 years), when the whole fan surface became totally disrupted and vast amounts of sediment were deposited. Subsequent adjustment from this state of disequilibrium caused the planform to adopt a dense reticulate pattern. The rate and pattern of post-flood recovery over the last 150 years has been analysed with deviations from an equilibrium condition. It is rare that channel adjustment can be studied in detail over such a timespan. BIOLOGY Ranging from 300-1196 m in altitude the Eastern Cairngorms contains a superlative range of montane and sub-montane plant communities from native Scots pine woodland through a variety of mires, grasslands, heathlands, lochs and streams. Many individual habitats and species are of national and/or international importance in their own right, but the value of the site is accentuated by the overall assemblage distributed according to natural factors such as altitude, aspect and soils. As the bedrock and associated glacial drift is primarily acidic granite, the vegetation of the Cairngorms is dominated mainly by acid-tolerant plant species. The Moine Schists contrast with the granite in giving soils of higher base-status and fertility, and outcrop along the southern and eastern margins of the site. Calcareous habitats and species are present only very locally, most notably on the broken cliffs and in the grasslands and flushes associated with the outcrop of calcareous schist (lime-rich metamorphic rock), on Craig an Dail Bheag (826 m), by Ben Avon. The summit plateaux and broad watersheds give rise to a considerable land mass above 1100 m. This in turn allows prolonged snow cover in a variety of situations and there is a greater range and extent of late snow-influenced vegetation than in any other mountain system in Britain. Alpine moss-heath and related vegetation The Cairngorms has the largest tracts of alpine moss-heath and related communities in Britain, comprising the full range of types. The community characterised by three-leaved rush Juncus trifidus is particularly well developed, with the full range of subtypes and with the largest areas in Britain, on Beinn a' Bhuird and Ben Avon. Where the granite in the Slochd Mor area has locally been impregnated with the mineral epidote, interesting transitions to species-rich moss-heath are marked by the abundant occurrence of moss campion Silene acaulis. Areas of the plateau where snow lies a little deeper and/or longer hold beds of dense, short mat-grass Nardus stricta and/or stiff sedge Carex bigelowii. Alpine heath The site has the full range of subalpine and alpine heaths characteristic of the Eastern Highlands and the most extensive tracts of such in Britain. Beinn a’ Bhuird and Ben Avon are particularly notable for dwarfed heath dominated by common heather Calluna vulgaris, with fine examples of wind-pruned and patterned lichen-rich areas. Snow-bed heaths are also finely developed. Scree Areas of scree on granite are extensive at a range of altitudes in the Cairngorms and support diverse and representative examples of high-altitude siliceous scree communities. Of particular interest is the flora of high-altitude screes in the snowy corries, with parsley fern Cryptogramma crispa and alpine lady-fern Athyrium distentifolium). In the Slochd Mor corrie there are interesting transitions to less acidic scree vegetation with an abundance of alpine lady’s mantle Alchemilla alpina and scurvy-grass Cochlearia officinalis. High-altitude vegetated crevices High-altitude crevice habitats on the granites of the Eastern Cairngorms are generally acidic and poor in vascular plants. A more base-rich influence is seen where the granite outrops are locally impregnated with epidote in the Slochd Mor Corrie. Here, alpine speedwell Veronica alpina, alpine meadow-grass Poa alpina and tufted saxifrage Saxifraga cespitosa are found. Base-rich flushes at high altitudes Although of very restricted distribution, base-rich flushes are present at Craig an Dail Beag and Slochd Mor, and these support a number of arctic-alpines, including sheathed sedge Carex vaginata, three-flowered rush Juncus triglumis and Scottish asphodel Tofieldia pusilla. Similar vegetation is also found very locally by the Feith Laoigh and in Glens Lui and Luibeg. Late snow-beds Dwarf-willow, sedge, grass and moss-dominated communities of late snow beds are well-developed, and support a number of rare bryophytes and arctic-alpine herbs such as starwort mouse-ear Cerastium cerastoides, The associated montane bryophyte spring communities are also finely developed and support the rare liverwort Gymnomitrion concinnatum. Alpine calcareous grassland A small area of calcareous grassland is found on and above the crags of Craig an Dail Bheag. This has the largest colony in Britain of alpine milk-vetch Astragalus alpinus, along with mountain avens Dryas octopetala, mossy campion Silene acaulis and rock sedge Carex rupestris. Alpine willow scrub Although of very restricted distribution, bushes of whortle-leaved willow Salix myrsinifolia on Craig an Dail Bheag and at Slochd Mor form small patches of alpine willow scrub. Blanket bog Blanket bog occurs extensively at a range of altitudes. Moine Bhealaidh is a large area of high-level blanket bog. Saddle bogs are present at a range of altitudes and are locally sphagnum rich. Those at the head of Glen Gairn support small cranberry Vaccinium microcarpum and dwarf birch Betula nana. Woodland Native pine forests are found in Glens Lui, Derry, Luibeg and Quoich, along with a small area near the Linn of Avon. They were once part of a continuous tract of Caledonian pine woodland over much of highland Scotland but are now the most local of all major forest types in Britain. The woodland is mostly open and contains many ancient trees. The pines themselves support a number of rare lichen species which are characteristic of these ancient woods. As well as the native Scots pine Pinus sylvestris var. scotica, birch (mainly Betula pubescens), is widespread in the lower parts of the woods, particularly in Glen Quoich and in Doire Bhraghad in Glen Lui. In and around open areas within the woods, there are interesting transitions to heathland, grassland and particularly peatland vegetation. Small areas of bog are quite widespread on terraces within the woods, the one below Doire Bhraghad in Glen Lui supporting the largest area of wooded bog. These forest bogs support bog plants such as small cranberry, few-flowered sedge Carex pauciflora, dwarf birch and the mosses Sphagnum fuscum and S. affine. Small areas of juniper scrub are also found. Dry heath The site supports the full range of submontane heaths characteristic of the Cairngorms, and the eastern Highlands as a whole, including extensive areas of damp heath, areas rich in bearberry, and snow bed forms of blaeberry heath, the Cairngorms having the largest extent of dry heath in Britain. Wet heath Wet-heath characterised by species such as cross-leaved heath Erica tetralix, and the moss Sphagnum compactum is widespread in Glens Avon, Quoich and Derry in the upper reaches of the submontane zone, on seasonally waterlogged, shallow peaty soils on moderate slopes, often in close association with blanket bog on less steeply sloping ground. Smaller areas of wet-heath are also present in the lower reaches of the montane zone, as on the upper margins of Moine Bhealaidh. The wet-heath in the eastern Cairngorms forms part of the largest extent of this habitat in North-east Scotland. Lochs The site includes a number of lochs and lochans, at various altitudes, with either clear or peat-stained oligotrophic or dystrophic types waters. The mountain plateau and corrie lochs such as Lochan na Gabhar (765m), the Dubh Lochan of Beinn a Bhuird (935m), and Lochan Beinn a’ Chaorainn (945m), have very poor nutrient levels and an impoverished fauna and flora, mainly phytoplankton with a few zooplankton and invertebrates, but no aquatic plants (macrophytes). Fish are not generally present at these higher altitudes. Exceptionally, brown trout Salmo trutta in the Dubh Lochan of Beinn a' Bhuird possibly form the highest self-sustaining fish population in Britain. At lower altitudes, Loch Builg (485m), has higher nutrient levels and, whilst it is not accessible to migratory fish, supports Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus, as well as brown trout. Plants The Eastern Cairngorms is of national importance for its assemblages of vascular plants, bryophytes, lichens and fungi. The colonies of alpine milk-vetch Astragalus alpinus and tufted saxifrage Saxifraga cespitosa, on Creag an Dail and at Slochd Mor, are of particular importance. The mountain summits are a stronghold of the curved wood-rush Luzula arcuata. A large number of nationally scarce species are also found. Rich communities of lichens with rare species are found in a number of habitats. Flavocetraria nivalis, Alectoria ochroleuca and A. sarmentosa are found in alpine heaths. Rocks in late snow-beds support species species such as Lecanora formosa, Rhizocarpon jemtlandicum, Gilbertaria contristans, Frutidella caesioatra and Micarea turfosa. The rare arctic-alpine lichen Catolechia wahlenbergii has recently been found on Beinn a' Bhuird. The native pine forest is another important habitat for lichens with rare species such as Xerotrema megalosporum and Pertusaria borealis on standing and fallen dead wood. Over 370 species of bryophytes have been recorded in the Eastern Cairngorms, more than one third of all Scottish species. These include some species new to Britain, for example the recently recorded moss Dicranum spadiceum, the very rare liverworts Marsupella apiculata and Marsupella sparsifolia and a large number of nationally scarce species, such as the moss Polytrichastrum sexangulare (syn. norvegicum), and the liverwort Marsupella brevissima. The calcareous schists of Creag an Dail Beag are important for bryophytes, with species such as Hypnum bambergeri, Brideliella wahlenbergii, Platyhypnum smithii and Gymnomitrion corallioides. Fungi Grassy flats in Glen Lui support a high diversity of grassland fungi, including at least twenty species of waxcaps (Hygrocybe) and six species of earthtongue (Geoglossaceae), many of which are rare. The adjacent pinewoods of Mar Lodge are also important areas for stipitate hydnoid ‘tooth’ fungi (Bankera, Hydnellum, Phellodon and Sarcodon). Birds The Cairngorms, of which the Eastern Cairngorms is an integral part, is of outstanding importance for birds of woodland and moorland, together with the best example of a montane bird community in Britain. Many typical and rare montane birds are found including important populations of dotterel and snow bunting. The Cairngorms also supports nationally important populations of ptarmigan and raptors such as golden eagle, merlin and peregrine. The Eastern Cairngorms pinewoods contribute to nationally important populations of Scottish crossbill, capercaillie and black grouse. Invertebrates Many invertebrate species occur in the Eastern Cairngorms including rare flies, moths, butterflies, beetles and ants. One species restricted to high ground is the fungus gnat Macrocera zetterstedti. The delicate craneflies Rhabdomastix inclinata and R. laeta have been recorded along the River Avon and Lui Water. Two colonies of the rare mountain burnet moth Zygaena exulans are found along with the northern dart Xestia alpicola, both of which feed on crowberry in the mountains. The nationally declining pearl-bordered fritillary Boloria euphrosyne is found by Glen Lui. Several beetles were first recorded in Britain from the Eastern Cairngorms: Corticarina latipennis, the wood-boring beetle Ostoma ferrugineum and the dung beetle Cercyon alpinus. The rare ant Formica exsecta has been recorded in Doire Bhraghad by Glen Lui.

Species mentioned

English name
search for this in other sites		 Latin name
search with Google		 IUCN / Red List Type Family
no common name Ostoma ferrugineum EN beetle trogossitidae
snow bunting Plectrophenax nivalis LC (NonBreeding), EN (Breeding) bird-bunting calcariidae
crossbill Loxia curvirostra LC (Breeding) bird-finch fringillidae
ptarmigan Lagopus muta LC (Breeding) bird-game phasianidae
black grouse Lyrurus tetrix VU (Breeding) bird-game phasianidae
capercaillie Tetrao urogallus EN (Breeding) bird-game phasianidae
golden eagle Aquila chrysaetos NT (Breeding) bird-hawk falconidae
merlin Falco columbarius EN (Breeding) bird-hawk falconidae
peregrine Falco peregrinus LC (Breeding) bird-hawk falconidae
dotterel Charadrius morinellus None bird-wader charadriidae
pearl-bordered fritillary Boloria euphrosyne VU butterfly nymphalidae
alpine lady fern Athyrium distentifolium LC fern woodsiaceae
parsley fern Cryptogramma crispa VU fern adiantaceae
brown trout Salmo trutta LC fish salmonidae
alpine char Salvelinus alpinus VU fish salmonidae
mat grass Nardus stricta LC grass poaceae
alpine meadow grass Poa alpina VU grass poaceae
lady's mantle Alchemilla alpina LC herb rosaceae
alpine milkvetch Astragalus alpinus EN herb fabaceae
star wort mouse ear Cerastium cerastoides LC herb carophyllaceae
scurvy grass Cochlearia officinalis LC herb brassicaceae
mountain avens Dryas octopetala LC herb rosaceae
tufted saxifrage Saxifraga cespitosa EN herb saxifragaceae
moss campion Silene acaulis NT herb carophyllaceae
Scottish asphodel Tofieldia pusilla LC herb liliaceae
alpine speedwell Veronica alpina LC herb plantaginaceae
witch's hair Alectoria ochroleuca VU lichen no common name
goblin lights Catolechia wahlenbergii VU lichen no common name
crinkled snow lichen Flavocetraria nivalis NT lichen no common name
bryo Gilbertaria contristans LC lichen sphaerophoraceae
map lichens Rhizocarpon Not listed in GB list lichen rhizocarpaceae
Xerotrema megalosporum Not listed in GB list lichen odontotremataceae
braided frostwort Gymnomitrion concinnatum LC liverwort jungermanniales
coral frostwort Gymnomitrion corallioides VU liverwort jungermanniales
snow rustwort Marsupella brevissima Not listed in GB list liverwort jungermanniales
bryo Brideliella wahlenbergii Not listed in GB list moss rhabdoweisiaceae
golden plait moss Hypnum bambergeri Not listed in GB list moss hypnaceae
Marsupella apiculata EN moss gymnomitriaceae
bryo Platyhypnum smithii VU moss amblystegiaceae
northern haircap Polytrichastrum sexangulare NT moss polytrichales
compact bog moss Sphagnum compactum LC moss sphagnales
rusty bog moss Sphagnum fuscum LC moss sphagnales
northern dart Xestia alpicola Not listed in GB list moth noctuidae
scotch burnet Zygaena exulans R moth zygaenidae
three leaved rush Juncus trifidus LC rush juncaceae
three flowered rush Juncus triglumis LC rush juncaceae
curved wood-rush Luzula arcuata NT rush juncaceae
stiff sedge Carex bigelowii LC sedge cyperaceae
few flowered sedge Carex pauciflora LC sedge cyperaceae
rock sedge Carex rupestris LC sedge cyperaceae
sheathed sedge Carex vaginata LC sedge cyperaceae
dwarf birch Betula nana LC shrub betulaceae
small cranberry Vaccinium microcarpum LC shrub ericaceae
bell heather or ling Calluna vulgaris NT shrub dwarf ericaceae
cross leaved heath Erica tetralix NT shrub dwarf ericaceae
downy birch Betula pubescens LC tree betulaceae
Scot's pine Pinus sylvestris LC tree pinaceae
dark leaved willow Salix myrsinifolia LC tree shrub salicaceae

Plant communities

A9 — Fast flowing river and stream, Marginal and inundation, Pond ditch and canal, Sluggish river and stream

Potamogeton natans community

Schoenoplectus lacustris, Juncus bulbosus, Sparganium angustifolium, Sparganium erectum, Sparganium minimum, Alisma plantago-aquatica, Lobelia dortmanna, Equisetum fluviatile, Myriophyllum alterniflorum, Elodea canadensis, Lemna minor, Lemna trisulca, Nymphaea alba, Callitriche platycarpa, Callitriche stagnalis, Littorella uniflora, Potamogeton natans, Ranunculus trichophyllus, Glyceria fluitans, Chara subspinosa

A14 — Fast flowing river and stream

Myriophyllum alterniflorum community

Isolepis fluitans, Juncus bulbosus, Fontinalis antipyretica, Lobelia dortmanna, Equisetum fluviatile, Myriophyllum alterniflorum, Lemna minor, Callitriche stagnalis, Littorella uniflora, Potamogeton filiformis, Potamogeton gramineus, Potamogeton natans, Ranunculus peltatus, Chara spp., Nitella hyalina

A17 — Chalk river and stream, Fast flowing river and stream

Ranunculus penicillatus ssp. pseudofluitans community

Berula erecta, Nasturtium officinale, Elodea canadensis, Lemna minor, Callitriche stagnalis, Veronica beccabunga, Polygonum amphibium, Polygonum hydropiper, Potamogeton crispus, Potamogeton pectinatus, Ranunculus penicillatus ssp. pseudofluitans

A18 — Fast flowing river and stream

Ranunculus fluitans community

Fontinalis antipyretica, Fontinalis squamosa var. curnowii, Myriophyllum alterniflorum, Myriophyllum spicatum, Elodea canadensis, Mentha aquatica, Lemna gibba, Lemna minor, Potamogeton perfoliatus, Ranunculus fluitans, Glyceria fluitans, Phalaris arundinacea

CG9 — Limestone pavement, Lowland calcareous grassland, Upland calcareous grassland

Sesleria albicans-Galium sterneri grassland

Empetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Carex capillaris, Carex caryophyllea, Carex eragrostis, Carex flacca, Carex hostiana, Carex panicea, Carex pulicaris, Kobresia simpliciuscula, Selaginella selaginoides, Rhodobryum roseum, Dicranum scoparium, Ditrichum flexicaule, Fissidens dubius, Encalypta streptocarpa, Racomitrium canescens sens.lat., Racomitrium lanuginosum, Ctenidium molluscum, Homalothecium lutescens, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Neckera crispa, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Rhytidium rugosum, Thuidium tamariscinum, Polytrichum juniperinum, Tortella tortuosa, Barbilophozia barbata, Blepharostoma trichophyllum, Frullania tamarisci, Lophocolea bidentata, Plagiochila asplenioides, Scapania aspera, Tritomaria quinquedentata, Cetraria islandica, Cladonia pocillum, Cladonia rangiformis, Cornicularia aculeata, Pimpinella saxifraga, Achillea millefolium, Antennaria dioica, Bellis perennis, Carlina vulgaris, Cirsium vulgare, Leontodon hispidus, Pilosella officinarum, Taraxacum officianalis, Myosotis alpestris, Cochlearia alpina, Draba incana, Campanula rotundifolia, Scabiosa columbaria, Succisa pratensis, Cerastium fontanum, Minuartia verna, Parnassia palustris, Helianthemum oelandicum icanum, Sedum acre, Anthyllis vulneraria, Hippocrepis comosa, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium repens, Gentiana verna, Gentianella amarella, Hypericum pulchrum, Thymus praecox, Pinguicula vulgaris, Linum catharticum, Epipactis atrorubens, Euphrasia confusa, Euphrasia officinalis, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Veronica officinalis, Polygala vulgaris, Polygonum viviparum, Primula farinosa, Primula vulgaris, Thalictrum minus, Dryas octopetala, Potentilla erecta, Potentilla tabernaemontani, Poterium sanguisorba, Asperula cynanchica, Galium sterneri, Galium verum, Saxifraga hypnoides, Viola hirta, Viola riviniana, Viola rupestris, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Avenula pratensis, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Briza media, Cynosurus cristatus, Dactylis glomerata, Danthonia decumbens, Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Koeleria macrantha, Molinia caerulea, Sesleria caerulea

CG10 — Brownfield, Limestone pavement, Upland calcareous grassland

Festuca ovina-Agrostis capillaris-Thymus praecox grassland

Empetrum nigrum, Empetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea, Vaccinium myrtillus, Carex binervis, Carex caryophyllea, Carex demissa, Carex flacca, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex pilulifera, Carex pulicaris, Juncus squarrosus, Luzula campestris, Luzula multiflora, Luzula sylvatica, Selaginella selaginoides, Breutelia chrysocoma, Bryum pallens, Bryum pseudotriquetrum, Mnium hornum, Plagiomnium undulatum, Rhizomnium punctatum, Dicranum scoparium, Ditrichum flexicaule, Fissidens adianthoides, Fissidens osmundoides, Racomitrium canescens sens.lat., Racomitrium lanuginosum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Ctenidium molluscum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Hypnum jutlandicum, Pleurozium schreberi, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Sanionia uncinata, Thuidium delicatulum, Thuidium tamariscinum, Tortella tortuosa, Frullania tamarisci, Lophocolea bidentata, Plagiochila asplenioides, Ptilidium ciliare, Scapania undulata, Cetraria islandica, Peltigera canina, Angelica sylvestris, Achillea millefolium, Antennaria dioica, Bellis perennis, Cirsium palustre, Hieraclium spp., Hypochaeris radicata, Jacobaea vulgaris, Pilosella officinarum, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Solidago virgaurea, Cardamine pratensis, Campanula rotundifolia, Succisa pratensis, Cerastium fontanum, Silene acaulis, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Lathyrus montanus, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium repens, Gentianella campestris, Hypericum pulchrum, Thymus praecox, Pinguicula vulgaris, Linum catharticum, Euphrasia confusa, Euphrasia officinalis, Euphrasia scottica, Oxalis acetosella, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Veronica officinalis, Polygala serpyllifolia, Polygonum viviparum, Rumex acetosa, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus repens, Thalictrum alpinum, Alchemilla alpina, Alchemilla filicaulis, Alchemilla glabra, Alchemilla wichurae, Alchemilla xanthochlora, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum rivale, Potentilla crantzii, Potentilla erecta, Potentilla sterilis, Rubus idaeus, Galium boreale, Galium saxatile, Galium sterneri, Galium verum, Saxifraga aizoides, Saxifraga oppositifolia, Viola riviniana, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Aira praecox, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Avenula pratensis, Briza media, Cynosurus cristatus, Danthonia decumbens, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Koeleria macrantha, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta, Poa pratensis, Blechnum spicant, Pteridium aquilinum, Botrychium lunaria, Thelypteris limbosperma

CG11 — Upland calcareous grassland

Festuca ovina-Agrostis capillaris-Alchemilla alpina grass-heath

Empetrum nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Erica tetralix, Vaccinium myrtillus, Salix herbacea, Carex bigelowii, Carex binervis, Carex caryophyllea, Carex flacca, Carex panicea, Carex pilulifera, Carex pulicaris, Trichophorum cespitosum, Juncus squarrosus, Juncus trifidus, Luzula campestris, Luzula multiflora, Luzula spicata, Luzula sylvatica, Diphasiastrum alpinum, Huperzia selago, Selaginella selaginoides, Breutelia chrysocoma, Mnium hornum, Plagiomnium undulatum, Dicranum scoparium, Racomitrium canescens sens.lat., Racomitrium lanuginosum, Ctenidium molluscum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Pleurozium schreberi, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Sanionia uncinata, Thuidium delicatulum, Thuidium tamariscinum, Pogonatum urnigerum, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Barbilophozia lycopodioides, Diplophyllum albicans, Frullania tamarisci, Nardia scalaris, Ptilidium ciliare, Tritomaria quinquedentata, Cetraria islandica, Cladonia pyxidata, Cladonia uncialis, Peltigera canina, Achillea millefolium, Antennaria dioica, Gnaphalium supinum, Hieraclium spp., Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Taraxacum officianalis, Campanula rotundifolia, Succisa pratensis, Cerastium alpinum, Cerastium fontanum, Minuartia sedoides, Silene acaulis, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Lathyrus montanus, Trifolium repens, Thymus praecox, Pinguicula vulgaris, Linum catharticum, Narthecium ossifragum, Dactylorhiza viridis, Euphrasia officinalis, Oxalis acetosella, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Veronica officinalis, Veronica serpyllifolia, Armeria maritima, Polygonum viviparum, Rumex acetosa, Primula vulgaris, Anemone nemorosa, Ranunculus acris, Thalictrum alpinum, Trollius europaeus, Alchemilla alpina, Alchemilla filicaulis, Alchemilla xanthochlora, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum rivale, Potentilla crantzii, Potentilla erecta, Sibbaldia procumbens, Galium boreale, Galium saxatile, Saxifraga aizoides, Saxifraga hypnoides, Saxifraga oppositifolia, Viola canina, Viola palustris, Viola riviniana, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Danthonia decumbens, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Festuca vivipara, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta, Blechnum spicant, Botrychium lunaria, Thelypteris limbosperma

CG12 — Alpine and subalpine calcareous grassland, High montane heath and snow bed

Festuca ovina-Alchemilla alpina-Silene acaulis dwarf-herb community

Empetrum nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Kalmia procumbens, Vaccinium myrtillus, Salix herbacea, Carex bigelowii, Carex demissa, Carex panicea, Carex pilulifera, Carex pulicaris, Juncus trifidus, Juncus triglumis, Luzula campestris, Luzula multiflora, Luzula spicata, Luzula sylvatica, Diphasiastrum alpinum, Huperzia selago, Selaginella selaginoides, Andreaea alpina, Aulacomnium turgidum, Bartramia ithyphylla, Breutelia chrysocoma, Mnium hornum, Dicranum scoparium, Ditrichum flexicaule, Racomitrium canescens sens.lat., Racomitrium fasciculare, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Ctenidium molluscum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum callichroum, Hypnum cupressiforme, Hypnum hamulosum, Lescuraea incurvata, Pleurozium schreberi, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Sanionia uncinata, Thuidium delicatulum, Thuidium tamariscinum, Pogonatum urnigerum, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Tortella tortuosa, Barbilophozia hatcheri, Barbilophozia lycopodioides, Diplophyllum albicans, Frullania tamarisci, Nardia scalaris, Plagiochila asplenioides, Ptilidium ciliare, Scapania subalpina, Tritomaria quinquedentata, Cetraria islandica, Cladonia arbuscula, Cladonia gracilis, Cladonia pyxidata, Cladonia uncialis, Peltigera canina, Achillea millefolium, Antennaria dioica, Gnaphalium supinum, Hieraclium spp., Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Solidago virgaurea, Taraxacum officianalis, Myosotis alpestris, Cardamine pratensis, Draba norvegica, Campanula rotundifolia, Succisa pratensis, Cerastium alpinum, Cerastium fontanum, Minuartia sedoides, Sagina saginoides, Silene acaulis, Sedum rosea, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Thymus praecox, Linum catharticum, Epilobium anagallidifolium, Euphrasia frigida, Euphrasia officinalis, Oxalis acetosella, Plantago maritima, Veronica alpina, Veronica officinalis, Veronica serpyllifolia, Armeria maritima, Polygonum viviparum, Rumex acetosa, Anemone nemorosa, Ranunculus acris, Thalictrum alpinum, Trollius europaeus, Alchemilla alpina, Alchemilla filicaulis, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum rivale, Potentilla crantzii, Potentilla erecta, Sibbaldia procumbens, Galium boreale, Galium saxatile, Saxifraga aizoides, Saxifraga hypnoides, Saxifraga nivalis, Saxifraga oppositifolia, Saxifraga stellaris, Viola lutea, Viola palustris, Viola riviniana, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Festuca vivipara, Nardus stricta, Poa pratensis, Botrychium lunaria

CG13 — Limestone pavement, Upland calcareous grassland

Dryas octopetala-Carex flacca heath

Salix repens, Empetrum nigrum, Empetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Juniperus communis, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, Rubus saxatilis, Carex flacca, Carex panicea, Carex pulicaris, Carex rupestris, Schoenus nigricans, Luzula campestris, Selaginella selaginoides, Breutelia chrysocoma, Dicranum scoparium, Ditrichum flexicaule, Fissidens dubius, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Ctenidium molluscum, Entodon concinnus, Homalothecium lutescens, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Loeskeobryum brevirostre, Neckera complanata, Neckera crispa, Pleurozium schreberi, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Rhytidium rugosum, Thuidium delicatulum, Thuidium tamariscinum, Tortella tortuosa, Frullania tamarisci, Plagiochila asplenioides, Scapania undulata, Cladonia rangiformis, Solorina saccata, Daucus carota, Antennaria dioica, Bellis perennis, Centaurea nigra, Hypochaeris radicata, Jacobaea vulgaris, Pilosella officinarum, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Solidago virgaurea, Taraxacum officianalis, Campanula rotundifolia, Succisa pratensis, Cerastium fontanum, Anthyllis vulneraria, Lathyrus montanus, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Gentianella amarella, Hypericum pulchrum, Thymus praecox, Pinguicula vulgaris, Linum catharticum, Epipactis atrorubens, Neottia ovata, Orchis mascula, Euphrasia confusa, Euphrasia officinalis, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Plantago media, Polygala serpyllifolia, Polygonum viviparum, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Thalictrum alpinum, Dryas octopetala, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla erecta, Galium saxatile, Galium verum, Saxifraga aizoides, Viola riviniana, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Avenula pratensis, Cynosurus cristatus, Danthonia decumbens, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Festuca vivipara, Koeleria macrantha, Molinia caerulea, Polystichum aculeatum

CG14 — Mountain ledge

Dryas octopetala-Silene acaulis ledge community

Salix arbuscula, Salix aurita, Salix lapponum, Salix myrsinites, Salix reticulata, Salix x boydii, Salix x phaeophylla, Empetrum nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Vaccinium myrtillus, Vaccinium uliginosum, Rubus saxatilis, Salix herbacea, Carex atrata, Carex capillaris, Carex flacca, Carex pulicaris, Carex rupestris, Carex vaginata, Luzula campestris, Luzula multiflora, Luzula spicata, Luzula sylvatica, Huperzia selago, Selaginella selaginoides, Breutelia chrysocoma, Bryum pseudotriquetrum, Mnium hornum, Plagiobryum zieri, Plagiopus oederianus, Dicranum scoparium, Distichium capillaceum, Ditrichum flexicaule, Fissidens adianthoides, Fissidens osmundoides, Encalypta streptocarpa, Racomitrium canescens sens.lat., Racomitrium lanuginosum, Abietinella abietina, Ctenidium molluscum, Entodon concinnus, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Orthothecium rufescens, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Ptilium crista-castrensis, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Rhytidium rugosum, Sanionia uncinata, Thuidium delicatulum, Thuidium tamariscinum, Tortella tortuosa, Blindia acuta, Sphagnum capillifolium, Barbilophozia barbata, Frullania tamarisci, Nardia scalaris, Plagiochila asplenioides, Ptilidium ciliare, Scapania aspera, Tritomaria quinquedentata, Preissia quadrata, Aneura pinguis, Metzgeria leptoneura, Cetraria islandica, Cladonia arbuscula, Cladonia gracilis, Cladonia pyxidata, Peltigera aphthosa, Peltigera canina, Solorina saccata, Angelica sylvestris, Heracleum sphondylium, Antennaria dioica, Bellis perennis, Crepis paludosa, Hieraclium spp., Pilosella officinarum, Saussurea alpina, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Solidago virgaurea, Taraxacum officianalis, Arabis hirsuta, Draba incana, Campanula rotundifolia, Succisa pratensis, Cerastium alpinum, Cerastium fontanum, Cerastium nigrescens, Minuartia sedoides, Silene acaulis, Parnassia palustris, Sedum rosea, Equisetum variegatum, Orthilia secunda, Pyrola rotundifolia, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Lathyrus montanus, Lotus corniculatus, Gentianella campestris, Geranium sylvaticum, Hypericum pulchrum, Thymus praecox, Pinguicula vulgaris, Tofieldia pusilla, Linum catharticum, Dactylorhiza viridis, Bartsia alpina, Euphrasia frigida, Euphrasia officinalis, Rhinanthus minor, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Veronica fruticans, Armeria maritima, Polygonum viviparum, Primula vulgaris, Anemone nemorosa, Ranunculus acris, Thalictrum alpinum, Trollius europaeus, Alchemilla alpina, Alchemilla filicaulis, Alchemilla glabra, Dryas octopetala, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum rivale, Potentilla crantzii, Potentilla erecta, Galium boreale, Galium saxatile, Saxifraga aizoides, Saxifraga hypnoides, Saxifraga oppositifolia, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Avenula pratensis, Danthonia decumbens, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Festuca vivipara, Nardus stricta, Sesleria caerulea, Asplenium viride, Polystichum lonchitis, Botrychium lunaria

H3 — Lowland dry heath, Lowland wet heath

Ulex minor-Agrostis curtisii heath

Quercus robur, Calluna vulgaris, Erica ciliaris, Erica cinerea, Erica tetralix, Ulex europaeus, Ulex minor, Carex pilulifera, Schoenus nigricans, Campylopus brevipilus, Campylopus flexuosus, Leucobryum glaucum, Hypnum jutlandicum, Polytrichum juniperinum, Kurzia spp., Hypogymnia physodes, Cladonia arbuscula, Cladonia coccifera, Cladonia crispata, Cladonia floerkeana, Cladonia impexa, Cladonia pyxidata, Cladonia uncialis, Cuscuta epithymum, Hypericum pulchrum, Polygala serpyllifolia, Potentilla erecta, Viola lactea, Agrostis curtisii, Danthonia decumbens, Molinia caerulea, Pteridium aquilinum, Zygogonium ericetorum

H4 — Lowland dry heath, Lowland wet heath, Upland dry heath

Ulex gallii-Agrostis curtisii heath

Salix repens, Calluna vulgaris, Erica ciliaris, Erica cinerea, Erica tetralix, Erica vagans, Vaccinium myrtillus, Ulex gallii, Carex binervis, Carex flacca, Carex montana, Carex panicea, Carex pilulifera, Trichophorum cespitosum, Juncus squarrosus, Luzula multiflora, Pohlia nutans, Campylopus flexuosus, Campylopus introflexus, Dicranum scoparium, Leucobryum glaucum, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Hypnum cupressiforme, Pleurozium schreberi, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Polytrichum juniperinum, Calypogeia fissa, Calypogeia muelleriana, Cephalozia bicuspidata, Diplophyllum albicans, Lophocolea bidentata, Hypogymnia physodes, Cladonia arbuscula, Cladonia chlorophaea, Cladonia coccifera, Cladonia crispata, Cladonia fimbriata, Cladonia floerkeana, Cladonia furcata, Cladonia impexa, Cladonia subcervicornis, Cladonia uncialis, Cuscuta epithymum, Lotus corniculatus, Thymus praecox, Pedicularis sylvatica, Polygala serpyllifolia, Polygala vulgaris, Potentilla erecta, Galium saxatile, Viola lactea, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis curtisii, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Danthonia decumbens, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta, Pteridium aquilinum

H5 — Lowland wet heath

Erica vagans-Schoenus nigricans heath

Salix repens, Calluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea, Erica tetralix, Erica vagans, Ulex europaeus, Ulex gallii, Carex flacca, Carex hostiana, Carex panicea, Carex pulicaris, Eriophorum angustifolium, Schoenus nigricans, Eleocharis multicaulis, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus maritimus, Fissidens adianthoides, Kindbergia praelonga, Scorpidium scorpioides, Calypogeia fissa, Riccardia multifida, Angelica sylvestris, Eupatorium cannabinum, Serratula tinctoria, Succisa pratensis, Drosera rotundifolia, Genista anglica, Hypericum pulchrum, Scutellaria minor, Thymus praecox, Pinguicula lusitanica, Linum catharticum, Dactylorhiza incarnata, Dactylorhiza maculata, Gymnadenia conopsea, Platanthera bifolia, Pedicularis sylvatica, Plantago maritima, Polygala vulgaris, Anagallis tenella, Potentilla erecta, Sanguisorba officinalis, Galium uliginosum, Agrostis curtisii, Agrostis vinealis, Danthonia decumbens, Festuca ovina, Molinia caerulea, Phragmites australis, Chara curta

H13 — Montane dwarf shrub heath

Calluna vulgaris-Cladonia arbuscula heath

Empetrum nigrum, Empetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea, Erica tetralix, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, Kalmia procumbens, Vaccinium myrtillus, Salix herbacea, Carex bigelowii, Carex panicea, Carex pilulifera, Trichophorum cespitosum, Juncus trifidus, Diphasiastrum alpinum, Huperzia selago, Pohlia nutans, Campylopus flexuosus, Dicranum fuscescens, Dicranum scoparium, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum jutlandicum, Pleurozium schreberi, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Polytrichum commune, Diplophyllum albicans, Nardia scalaris, Ptilidium ciliare, Hypogymnia physodes, Alectoria nigricans, Alectoria ochroleuca, Alectoria sarmentosa, Cetraria glauca, Cetraria islandica, Cetraria nivalis, Cladonia arbuscula, Cladonia bellidiflora, Cladonia coccifera, Cladonia crispata, Cladonia furcata, Cladonia gracilis, Cladonia impexa, Cladonia rangiferina, Cladonia squamosa, Cladonia uncialis, Cornicularia aculeata, Ochrolechia frigida, Sphaerophorus fragilis, Sphaerophorus globosus, Thamnolia vermicularis, Antennaria dioica, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Alchemilla alpina, Potentilla erecta, Galium saxatile, Agrostis canina, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta

H14 — Montane dwarf shrub heath

Calluna vulgaris-Racomitrium lanuginosum heath

Empetrum nigrum, Empetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea, Juniperus communis, Arctostaphylos alpinus, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, Vaccinium myrtillus, Carex bigelowii, Carex binervis, Carex panicea, Carex pilulifera, Trichophorum cespitosum, Juncus squarrosus, Luzula multiflora, Diphasiastrum alpinum, Huperzia selago, Andreaea rothii, Campylopus atrovirens, Campylopus flexuosus, Dicranum scoparium, Racomitrium fasciculare, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Pleurozium schreberi, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Polytrichum piliferum, Sphagnum capillifolium, Diplophyllum albicans, Frullania tamarisci, Ptilidium ciliare, Scapania gracilis, Hypogymnia physodes, Alectoria nigricans, Cetraria islandica, Cladonia arbuscula, Cladonia bellidiflora, Cladonia coccifera, Cladonia gracilis, Cladonia impexa, Cladonia pyxidata, Cladonia rangiferina, Cladonia uncialis, Cornicularia aculeata, Ochrolechia frigida, Platismatia glauca, Sphaerophorus globosus, Antennaria dioica, Solidago virgaurea, Succisa pratensis, Thymus praecox, Dactylorhiza maculata, Euphrasia micrantha, Polygala serpyllifolia, Alchemilla alpina, Potentilla erecta, Galium saxatile, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta, Dryopteris oreades, Hymenophyllum wilsonii

H15 — Montane dwarf shrub heath

Calluna vulgaris-Juniperus communis ssp. nana heath

Empetrum nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea, Juniperus communis, Arctostaphylos alpinus, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, Vaccinium myrtillus, Vaccinium uliginosum, Carex panicea, Carex pilulifera, Trichophorum cespitosum, Huperzia selago, Campylopus flexuosus, Dicranum scoparium, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Pleurozium schreberi, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Sphagnum capillifolium, Diplophyllum albicans, Frullania tamarisci, Herbertus stramineus, Pleurozia purpurea, Cetraria islandica, Cladonia arbuscula, Cladonia gracilis, Cladonia impexa, Cladonia leucophaea, Cladonia pyxidata, Cladonia uncialis, Cornicularia aculeata, Sphaerophorus globosus, Antennaria dioica, Solidago virgaurea, Succisa pratensis, Thymus praecox, Dactylorhiza maculata, Polygala serpyllifolia, Potentilla erecta, Galium saxatile, Viola riviniana, Agrostis canina, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca vivipara, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta

H16 — Montane dwarf shrub heath, Upland dry heath

Calluna vulgaris-Arctostaphylos uva-ursi heath

Betula pubescens, Empetrum nigrum, Empetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea, Erica tetralix, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, Vaccinium myrtillus, Carex bigelowii, Carex panicea, Carex pilulifera, Trichophorum cespitosum, Juncus squarrosus, Luzula campestris, Luzula multiflora, Luzula pilosa, Huperzia selago, Pohlia nutans, Dicranum scoparium, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum jutlandicum, Plagiothecium undulatum, Pleurozium schreberi, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Polytrichum commune, Polytrichum juniperinum, Polytrichum piliferum, Ptilidium ciliare, Hypogymnia physodes, Cetraria glauca, Cladonia arbuscula, Cladonia coccifera, Cladonia cornuta, Cladonia crispata, Cladonia deformis, Cladonia floerkeana, Cladonia furcata, Cladonia impexa, Cladonia pyxidata, Cladonia rangiferina, Cladonia squamosa, Cladonia uncialis, Cornicularia aculeata, Antennaria dioica, Campanula rotundifolia, Succisa pratensis, Pyrola media, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Genista anglica, Lathyrus montanus, Lotus corniculatus, Hypericum pulchrum, Neottia cordata, Euphrasia officinalis, Polygala serpyllifolia, Trientalis europaea, Anemone nemorosa, Potentilla erecta, Galium saxatile, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Danthonia decumbens, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina

H17 — Montane dwarf shrub heath

Calluna vulgaris-Arctostaphylos alpinus heath

Empetrum nigrum, Empetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea, Juniperus communis, Arctostaphylos alpinus, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, Kalmia procumbens, Vaccinium myrtillus, Vaccinium uliginosum, Salix herbacea, Carex bigelowii, Carex panicea, Carex pilulifera, Trichophorum cespitosum, Juncus trifidus, Diphasiastrum alpinum, Huperzia selago, Dicranum scoparium, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Hypnum jutlandicum, Diplophyllum albicans, Frullania tamarisci, Scapania gracilis, Hypogymnia physodes, Alectoria nigricans, Cetraria glauca, Cetraria islandica, Cladonia arbuscula, Cladonia bellidiflora, Cladonia coccifera, Cladonia gracilis, Cladonia pyxidata, Cladonia rangiferina, Cladonia uncialis, Cornicularia aculeata, Ochrolechia frigida, Platismatia norvegica, Sphaerophorus globosus, Antennaria dioica, Solidago virgaurea, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Lotus corniculatus, Pinguicula vulgaris, Euphrasia frigida, Potentilla erecta, Galium saxatile, Agrostis canina, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca vivipara, Nardus stricta, Nitella flexilis

H18 — Montane dwarf shrub heath, Upland dry heath

Vaccinium myrtillus-Deschampsia flexuosa heath

Empetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Vaccinium myrtillus, Vaccinium uliginosum, Carex bigelowii, Carex binervis, Carex panicea, Carex pilulifera, Juncus squarrosus, Luzula campestris, Luzula multiflora, Luzula sylvatica, Diphasiastrum alpinum, Huperzia selago, Pohlia nutans, Campylopus flexuosus, Dicranum majus, Dicranum scoparium, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Hylocomiastrum umbratum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Plagiothecium undulatum, Pleurozium schreberi, Ptilium crista-castrensis, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Thuidium tamariscinum, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Polytrichum commune, Polytrichum strictum, Sphagnum capillifolium, Anastrepta orcadensis, Barbilophozia floerkei, Diplophyllum albicans, Ptilidium ciliare, Cetraria islandica, Cladonia arbuscula, Cladonia gracilis, Cladonia impexa, Cladonia pyxidata, Cladonia rangiferina, Cladonia uncialis, Solidago virgaurea, Campanula rotundifolia, Cerastium fontanum, Cornus suecica, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Thymus praecox, Euphrasia officinalis, Oxalis acetosella, Veronica officinalis, Polygala serpyllifolia, Polygonum viviparum, Rumex acetosa, Anemone nemorosa, Ranunculus acris, Alchemilla alpina, Alchemilla glabra, Potentilla erecta, Galium saxatile, Melanpyrum pratense, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis vinealis, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Danthonia decumbens, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Festuca vivipara, Nardus stricta, Cryptogramma crispa, Blechnum spicant, Dryopteris dilatata

H19 — Montane dwarf shrub heath

Vaccinium myrtillus-Cladonia arbuscula heath

Empetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Kalmia procumbens, Vaccinium myrtillus, Salix herbacea, Carex bigelowii, Carex pilulifera, Juncus squarrosus, Juncus trifidus, Luzula multiflora, Luzula spicata, Diphasiastrum alpinum, Huperzia selago, Dicranum fuscescens, Dicranum scoparium, Kiaeria starkei, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Hypnum jutlandicum, Pleurozium schreberi, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Polytrichum commune, Polytrichum longisetum, Polytrichum piliferum, Polytrichum strictum, Diplophyllum albicans, Lophozia ventricosa, Ptilidium ciliare, Alectoria nigricans, Cetraria islandica, Cetraria nivalis, Cladonia arbuscula, Cladonia bellidiflora, Cladonia coccifera, Cladonia crispata, Cladonia gracilis, Cladonia impexa, Cladonia leucophaea, Cladonia pyxidata, Cladonia rangiferina, Cladonia squamosa, Cladonia uncialis, Cornicularia aculeata, Ochrolechia frigida, Sphaerophorus globosus, Thamnolia vermicularis, Antennaria dioica, Silene acaulis, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Armeria maritima, Alchemilla alpina, Potentilla erecta, Galium saxatile, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Nardus stricta

H20 — Montane dwarf shrub heath

Vaccinium myrtillus-Racomitrium lanuginosum heath

Empetrum nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea, Juniperus communis, Vaccinium myrtillus, Vaccinium uliginosum, Salix herbacea, Carex bigelowii, Carex binervis, Carex pilulifera, Trichophorum cespitosum, Juncus trifidus, Luzula multiflora, Luzula sylvatica, Diphasiastrum alpinum, Huperzia selago, Selaginella selaginoides, Breutelia chrysocoma, Pohlia nutans, Campylopus flexuosus, Dicranodontium uncinatum, Dicranum majus, Dicranum scoparium, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Plagiothecium undulatum, Pleurozium schreberi, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Thuidium tamariscinum, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Polytrichum piliferum, Sphagnum capillifolium, Sphagnum tenellum, Tetraplodon mnioides, Anastrepta orcadensis, Anastrophyllum donianum, Anthelia julacea, Barbilophozia floerkei, Bazzania pearsonii, Bazzania tricrenata, Diplophyllum albicans, Jungermannia atrovirens, Mastigophora woodsii, Mylia taylorii, Nardia scalaris, Plagiochila carringtonii, Plagiochila spinulosa, Pleurozia purpurea, Ptilidium ciliare, Scapania gracilis, Scapania nimbosa, Scapania ornithopodioides, Tritomaria quinquedentata, Alectoria nigricans, Cetraria islandica, Cladonia arbuscula, Cladonia bellidiflora, Cladonia coccifera, Cladonia gracilis, Cladonia impexa, Cladonia leucophaea, Cladonia pyxidata, Cladonia rangiferina, Cladonia uncialis, Cornicularia aculeata, Sphaerophorus globosus, Antennaria dioica, Succisa pratensis, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Hypericum pulchrum, Thymus praecox, Euphrasia officinalis, Oxalis acetosella, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Alchemilla alpina, Potentilla erecta, Galium saxatile, Viola riviniana, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Nardus stricta, Blechnum spicant, Hymenophyllum wilsonii, Phegopteris connectilis, Thelypteris limbosperma

H21 — Montane dwarf shrub heath

Calluna vulgaris-Vaccinium myrtillus-Sphagnum capillifolium heath

Sorbus aucuparia, Empetrum nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea, Juniperus communis, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, Vaccinium myrtillus, Vaccinium uliginosum, Carex bigelowii, Carex binervis, Carex pilulifera, Trichophorum cespitosum, Luzula sylvatica, Breutelia chrysocoma, Campylopus flexuosus, Dicranodontium uncinatum, Dicranum majus, Dicranum scoparium, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Hylocomiastrum umbratum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Plagiothecium undulatum, Pleurozium schreberi, Ptilium crista-castrensis, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Thuidium tamariscinum, Sphagnum capillifolium, Sphagnum girgensohnii, Sphagnum russowii, Sphagnum tenellum, Anastrepta orcadensis, Anastrophyllum donianum, Barbilophozia floerkei, Bazzania pearsonii, Bazzania tricrenata, Calypogeia muelleriana, Diplophyllum albicans, Frullania tamarisci, Herbertus aduncus, Kurzia pauciflora, Kurzia trichoclados, Lophozia ventricosa, Mastigophora woodsii, Mylia taylorii, Nowellia curvifolia, Plagiochila carringtonii, Plagiochila spinulosa, Pleurozia purpurea, Ptilidium ciliare, Scapania gracilis, Scapania nimbosa, Scapania ornithopodioides, Tritomaria quinquedentata, Cladonia arbuscula, Cladonia bellidiflora, Cladonia gracilis, Cladonia impexa, Cladonia pyxidata, Cladonia uncialis, Sphaerophorus globosus, Solidago virgaurea, Succisa pratensis, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Hypericum pulchrum, Dactylorhiza maculata, Neottia cordata, Oxalis acetosella, Potentilla erecta, Galium saxatile, Melanpyrum pratense, Viola riviniana, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca vivipara, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta, Blechnum spicant, Pteridium aquilinum, Dryopteris filix-mas, Hymenophyllum wilsonii

H22 — Montane dwarf shrub heath, Upland dry heath

Vaccinium myrtillus-Rubus chamaemorus heath

Empetrum nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Vaccinium myrtillus, Vaccinium uliginosum, Carex bigelowii, Carex echinata, Eriophorum vaginatum, Trichophorum cespitosum, Juncus squarrosus, Huperzia selago, Dicranum majus, Dicranum scoparium, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Plagiothecium undulatum, Pleurozium schreberi, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Polytrichum commune, Sphagnum capillifolium, Sphagnum russowii, Sphagnum subnitens, Anastrepta orcadensis, Barbilophozia floerkei, Bazzania tricrenata, Diplophyllum albicans, Lepidozia pearsonii, Ptilidium ciliare, Cladonia arbuscula, Cladonia bellidiflora, Cladonia coccifera, Cladonia gracilis, Cladonia impexa, Cladonia leucophaea, Cladonia uncialis, Cornicularia aculeata, Cornus suecica, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Neottia cordata, Potentilla erecta, Rubus chamaemorus, Galium saxatile, Melanpyrum pratense, Deschampsia flexuosa, Nardus stricta, Cryptogramma crispa, Blechnum spicant, Dryopteris dilatata

M1 — Blanket bog, Raised bog

Sphagnum auriculatum bog pool community

Erica tetralix, Myrica gale, Carex limosa, Eriophorum angustifolium, Rhynchospora alba, Rhynchospora fusca, Trichophorum cespitosum, Eleocharis multicaulis, Juncus bulbosus, Sphagnum auriculatum, Sphagnum cuspidatum, Sphagnum fallax, Sphagnum magellanicum, Sphagnum palustre, Sphagnum papillosum, Sphagnum pulchrum, Sphagnum subnitens, Cladopodiella fluitans, Gymnocolea inflata, Ordontoschisma sphagni, Drosera anglica, Drosera intermedia, Drosera rotundifolia, Utricularia intermedia, Utricularia minor, Menyanthes trifoliata, Narthecium ossifragum, Potamogeton polygonifolius, Scheuchzeria palustris, Molinia caerulea

M2 — Blanket bog, Raised bog, Valley mire

Sphagnum cuspidatum/recurvum bog pool community

Empetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Erica tetralix, Myrica gale, Andromeda polifolia, Vaccinium oxycoccos, Carex canescens, Carex magellanica, Carex rostrata, Eriophorum angustifolium, Eriophorum vaginatum, Rhynchospora alba, Aulacomnium palustre, Polytrichum commune, Polytrichum strictum, Sphagnum cuspidatum, Sphagnum fallax, Sphagnum magellanicum, Sphagnum palustre, Sphagnum papillosum, Sphagnum pulchrum, Sphagnum tenellum, Cephalozia connivens, Cephalozia lunulifolia, Gymnocolea inflata, Mylia anomala, Ordontoschisma sphagni, Cladonia impexa, Cladonia uncialis, Drosera anglica, Drosera intermedia, Drosera rotundifolia, Menyanthes trifoliata, Narthecium ossifragum, Agrostis canina, Deschampsia flexuosa, Molinia caerulea

M3 — Blanket bog, Raised bog

Eriophorum angustifolium bog pool community

Empetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Erica tetralix, Eriophorum angustifolium, Eriophorum vaginatum, Campylopus brevipilus, Drepanocladus fluitans, Polytrichum commune, Sphagnum cuspidatum, Sphagnum fallax, Sphagnum papillosum, Gymnocolea inflata, Ordontoschisma sphagni, Drosera rotundifolia, Agrostis canina, Molinia caerulea

M5 — Limestone pavement, Upland spring flush

Carex rostrata-Sphagnum squarrosum mire

Carex canescens, Carex echinata, Carex nigra, Carex rostrata, Eriophorum angustifolium, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus bulbosus, Juncus effusus, Luzula multiflora, Aulacomnium palustre, Bryum pseudotriquetrum, Plagiomnium rostratum, Rhizomnium pseudopunctatum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Straminergon stramineum, Polytrichum commune, Sphagnum contortum, Sphagnum fallax, Sphagnum fimbriatum, Sphagnum palustre, Sphagnum squarrosum, Sphagnum subnitens, Sphagnum teres, Chiloscyphus polyanthos, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Caltha palustris, Cirsium palustre, Myosotis scorpioides, Cardamine pratensis, Succisa pratensis, Silene flos-cuculi, Stellaria alsine, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Mentha aquatica, Menyanthes trifoliata, Epilobium palustre, Rumex acetosa, Ranunculus flammula, Comarum palustre, Filipendula ulmaria, Galium palustre, Viola palustris, Agrostis canina, Deschampsia flexuosa, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Phragmites australis

M10 — Limestone pavement, Upland spring flush

Carex dioica-Pinguicula vulgaris mire

Erica tetralix, Myrica gale, Carex capillaris, Carex demissa, Carex dioica, Carex echinata, Carex flacca, Carex hostiana, Carex lepidocarpa, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex pulicaris, Eriophorum angustifolium, Eriophorum latifolium, Kobresia simpliciuscula, Schoenus ferrugineus, Schoenus nigricans, Trichophorum cespitosum, Eleocharis quinqueflora, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus alpinoarticulatus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus bulbosus, Juncus squarrosus, Juncus triglumis, Luzula multiflora, Selaginella selaginoides, Breutelia chrysocoma, Bryum pseudotriquetrum, Catoscopium nigritum, Plagiomnium rostratum, Ditrichum flexicaule, Fissidens adianthoides, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Cratoneuron filicinum, Ctenidium molluscum, Hylocomium splendens, Palustriella commutatum, Scorpidium revolvens, Scorpidium scorpioides, Hymenostylium recurvirostrum, Tortella tortuosa, Blindia acuta, Sphagnum subnitens, Scapania aspera, Aneura pinguis, Pellia endiviifolia, Angelica sylvestris, Caltha palustris, Cirsium palustre, Leontodon saxatilis, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Taraxacum officianalis, Cardamine pratensis, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana dioica, Minuartia stricta, Minuartia verna, Sagina nodosa, Parnassia palustris, Drosera anglica, Drosera rotundifolia, Equisetum palustre, Equisetum variegatum, Triglochin palustre, Thymus praecox, Pinguicula lusitanica, Pinguicula vulgaris, Tofieldia pusilla, Linum catharticum, Narthecium ossifragum, Dactylorhiza fuchsii, Bartsia alpina, Euphrasia officinalis, Pedicularis palustris, Pedicularis sylvatica, Plantago maritima, Polygonum viviparum, Primula farinosa, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus flammula, Thalictrum alpinum, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla erecta, Galium palustre, Galium uliginosum, Saxifraga aizoides, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Briza media, Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta, Sesleria caerulea

M14 — Lowland dry heath, Upland wet heath

Schoenus nigricans-Narthecium ossifragum mire

Pinus sylvestris, Calluna vulgaris, Erica tetralix, Myrica gale, Ulex gallii, Carex panicea, Eriophorum angustifolium, Rhynchospora alba, Schoenus nigricans, Eleocharis multicaulis, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus bulbosus, Ctenidium molluscum, Hypnum jutlandicum, Scorpidium revolvens, Scorpidium scorpioides, Sphagnum auriculatum, Sphagnum palustre, Sphagnum papillosum, Sphagnum subnitens, Sphagnum tenellum, Calypogeia fissa, Kurzia pauciflora, Ordontoschisma sphagni, Aneura pinguis, Riccardia multifida, Drosera intermedia, Drosera rotundifolia, Pinguicula lusitanica, Narthecium ossifragum, Pedicularis sylvatica, Polygala serpyllifolia, Anagallis tenella, Potentilla erecta, Molinia caerulea

M15 — Blanket bog, Raised bog, Upland wet heath

Scirpus cespitosus-Erica tetralix wet heath

Empetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea, Erica tetralix, Myrica gale, Vaccinium myrtillus, Carex binervis, Carex demissa, Carex dioica, Carex echinata, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex pilulifera, Carex pulicaris, Eriophorum angustifolium, Eriophorum vaginatum, Schoenus nigricans, Trichophorum cespitosum, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus bulbosus, Juncus conglomeratus, Juncus effusus, Juncus squarrosus, Luzula multiflora, Huperzia selago, Selaginella selaginoides, Aulacomnium palustre, Breutelia chrysocoma, Pohlia nutans, Campylopus atrovirens, Campylopus flexuosus, Dicranum scoparium, Leucobryum glaucum, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Hypnum jutlandicum, Plagiothecium undulatum, Pleurozium schreberi, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Scorpidium revolvens, Scorpidium scorpioides, Polytrichum commune, Sphagnum auriculatum, Sphagnum capillifolium, Sphagnum compactum, Sphagnum fallax, Sphagnum palustre, Sphagnum papillosum, Sphagnum subnitens, Sphagnum tenellum, Calypogeia fissa, Calypogeia muelleriana, Diplophyllum albicans, Lophozia ventricosa, Ordontoschisma sphagni, Pleurozia purpurea, Aneura pinguis, Cladonia arbuscula, Cladonia chlorophaea, Cladonia coccifera, Cladonia impexa, Cladonia uncialis, Succisa pratensis, Drosera anglica, Drosera rotundifolia, Hypericum pulchrum, Triglochin palustre, Pinguicula vulgaris, Menyanthes trifoliata, Narthecium ossifragum, Dactylorhiza maculata, Euphrasia officinalis, Pedicularis palustris, Pedicularis sylvatica, Polygala serpyllifolia, Trientalis europaea, Potentilla erecta, Galium saxatile, Viola palustris, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Danthonia decumbens, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Festuca vivipara, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta, Blechnum spicant, Pteridium aquilinum

M17 — Blanket bog

Scirpus cespitosus-Eriophorum vaginatum blanket mire

Empetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea, Erica tetralix, Myrica gale, Vaccinium myrtillus, Carex demissa, Carex echinata, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Eriophorum angustifolium, Eriophorum vaginatum, Rhynchospora alba, Schoenus nigricans, Trichophorum cespitosum, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus squarrosus, Luzula multiflora, Huperzia selago, Aulacomnium palustre, Breutelia chrysocoma, Pohlia nutans, Campylopus atrovirens, Campylopus flexuosus, Campylopus setifolius, Campylopus shawii, Dicranum scoparium, Leucobryum glaucum, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Hypnum jutlandicum, Plagiothecium undulatum, Pleurozium schreberi, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Polytrichum commune, Polytrichum strictum, Sphagnum auriculatum, Sphagnum capillifolium, Sphagnum cuspidatum, Sphagnum imbricatum, Sphagnum magellanicum, Sphagnum palustre, Sphagnum papillosum, Sphagnum strictum, Sphagnum subnitens, Sphagnum tenellum, Calypogeia fissa, Diplophyllum albicans, Kurzia pauciflora, Lophozia ventricosa, Mylia anomala, Mylia taylorii, Ordontoschisma sphagni, Pleurozia purpurea, Ptilidium ciliare, Scapania gracilis, Cladonia arbuscula, Cladonia coccifera, Cladonia impexa, Cladonia uncialis, Cornicularia aculeata, Drosera anglica, Drosera rotundifolia, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Pinguicula vulgaris, Narthecium ossifragum, Pedicularis sylvatica, Polygala serpyllifolia, Potentilla erecta, Galium saxatile, Agrostis canina, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta

M18 — Blanket bog, Raised bog

Erica tetralix-Sphagnum papillosum raised and blanket mire

Empetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Erica tetralix, Myrica gale, Andromeda polifolia, Vaccinium myrtillus, Vaccinium oxycoccos, Eriophorum angustifolium, Eriophorum vaginatum, Rhynchospora alba, Trichophorum cespitosum, Juncus squarrosus, Aulacomnium palustre, Pohlia nutans, Campylopus flexuosus, Dicranum scoparium, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Hypnum cupressiforme, Hypnum jutlandicum, Plagiothecium undulatum, Pleurozium schreberi, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Polytrichum commune, Polytrichum strictum, Sphagnum capillifolium, Sphagnum cuspidatum, Sphagnum fallax, Sphagnum fuscum, Sphagnum magellanicum, Sphagnum palustre, Sphagnum papillosum, Sphagnum pulchrum, Sphagnum subnitens, Sphagnum tenellum, Calypogeia muelleriana, Cephalozia bicuspidata, Cephalozia connivens, Cladopodiella fluitans, Kurzia pauciflora, Lophozia ventricosa, Mylia anomala, Ordontoschisma sphagni, Hypogymnia physodes, Cladonia arbuscula, Cladonia gracilis, Cladonia impexa, Cladonia uncialis, Drosera anglica, Drosera rotundifolia, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Narthecium ossifragum, Rubus chamaemorus, Deschampsia flexuosa, Molinia caerulea

M19 — Blanket bog, Raised bog

Calluna vulgaris-Eriophorum vaginatum blanket mire

Empetrum nigrum, Empetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Erica tetralix, Betula nana, Arctostaphylos alpinus, Vaccinium microcarpum, Vaccinium myrtillus, Vaccinium oxycoccos, Vaccinium uliginosum, Carex bigelowii, Carex binervis, Carex nigra, Eriophorum angustifolium, Eriophorum vaginatum, Trichophorum cespitosum, Juncus squarrosus, Luzula sylvatica, Huperzia selago, Aulacomnium palustre, Pohlia nutans, Campylopus flexuosus, Dicranum fuscescens, Dicranum majus, Dicranum scoparium, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Hypnum jutlandicum, Plagiothecium undulatum, Pleurozium schreberi, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Polytrichum commune, Polytrichum strictum, Sphagnum capillifolium, Sphagnum compactum, Sphagnum fallax, Sphagnum fuscum, Sphagnum palustre, Sphagnum papillosum, Sphagnum russowii, Sphagnum subnitens, Sphagnum tenellum, Barbilophozia floerkei, Calypogeia fissa, Calypogeia muelleriana, Calypogeia trichomanis, Cephalozia bicuspidata, Diplophyllum albicans, Kurzia pauciflora, Lophozia ventricosa, Mylia anomala, Mylia taylorii, Ordontoschisma sphagni, Ptilidium ciliare, Hypogymnia physodes, Cetraria islandica, Cladonia arbuscula, Cladonia bellidiflora, Cladonia coccifera, Cladonia floerkeana, Cladonia gracilis, Cladonia impexa, Cladonia squamosa, Cladonia tenuis, Cladonia uncialis, Cornicularia aculeata, Cornus suecica, Drosera rotundifolia, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Pinguicula vulgaris, Narthecium ossifragum, Neottia cordata, Potentilla erecta, Rubus chamaemorus, Galium saxatile, Melanpyrum pratense, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca vivipara, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta, Blechnum spicant

M20 — Blanket bog, Raised bog, Valley mire

Eriophorum vaginatum blanket and raised mire

Empetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Vaccinium myrtillus, Carex bigelowii, Eriophorum angustifolium, Eriophorum vaginatum, Trichophorum cespitosum, Juncus squarrosus, Orthodontium lineare, Pohlia nutans, Campylopus flexuosus, Dicranum scoparium, Drepanocladus fluitans, Hypnum jutlandicum, Plagiothecium undulatum, Pleurozium schreberi, Polytrichum commune, Sphagnum capillifolium, Sphagnum fuscum, Sphagnum papillosum, Barbilophozia floerkei, Calypogeia muelleriana, Calypogeia trichomanis, Cephalozia bicuspidata, Cephaloziella hampeana, Diplophyllum albicans, Gymnocolea inflata, Kurzia pauciflora, Lophozia ventricosa, Mylia taylorii, Ptilidium ciliare, Cetraria islandica, Cladonia arbuscula, Cladonia chlorophaea, Cladonia coccifera, Cladonia floerkeana, Cladonia impexa, Cladonia squamosa, Cladonia uncialis, Cornicularia aculeata, Rubus chamaemorus, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina

M25 — Blanket bog, Coastal floodplain grazing marsh, Lowland fen, Purple moor grass and rush pasture, Upland acid grassland

Molinia caerulea-Potentilla erecta mire

Salix cinerea, Calluna vulgaris, Erica tetralix, Myrica gale, Vaccinium oxycoccos, Ulex europaeus, Ulex gallii, Carex echinata, Carex flacca, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Eriophorum angustifolium, Schoenus nigricans, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus effusus, Juncus subnodulosus, Luzula campestris, Luzula multiflora, Aulacomnium palustre, Pohlia nutans, Calliergon giganteum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Hypnum jutlandicum, Kindbergia praelonga, Pleurozium schreberi, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Polytrichum commune, Sphagnum auriculatum, Sphagnum capillifolium, Sphagnum fallax, Sphagnum palustre, Sphagnum papillosum, Sphagnum subnitens, Calypogeia fissa, Cephalozia bicuspidata, Lophocolea bidentata, Lophozia ventricosa, Angelica sylvestris, Carum verticillatum, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Achillea ptarmica, Centaurea nigra, Cirsium palustre, Eupatorium cannabinum, Pulicaria dysenterica, Serratula tinctoria, Cardamine pratensis, Lobelia urens, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana officinalis, Equisetum palustre, Lotus pedunculatus, Hypericum pulchrum, Hypericum tetrapterum, Mentha aquatica, Scutellaria minor, Menyanthes trifoliata, Narthecium ossifragum, Epilobium palustre, Dactylorhiza maculata, Rumex acetosa, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus flammula, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla erecta, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium palustre, Viola palustris, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis curtisii, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Danthonia decumbens, Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta, Phragmites australis, Dryopteris carthusiana, Osmunda regalis

M26 — Limestone pavement, Purple moor grass and rush pasture

Molinia caerulea-Crepis paludosa mire

Carex appropinquata, Carex disticha, Carex echinata, Carex flacca, Carex hostiana, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex pulicaris, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus conglomeratus, Aulacomnium palustre, Plagiomnium undulatum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Campylium elodes, Climacium dendroides, Ctenidium molluscum, Hylocomium splendens, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Thuidium tamariscinum, Lophocolea bidentata, Plagiochila asplenioides, Angelica sylvestris, Caltha palustris, Centaurea nigra, Cirsium palustre, Crepis paludosa, Leontodon hispidus, Serratula tinctoria, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana dioica, Silene flos-cuculi, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Lathyrus pratensis, Trifolium repens, Menyanthes trifoliata, Rhinanthus minor, Plantago lanceolata, Rumex acetosa, Primula farinosa, Primula vulgaris, Anemone nemorosa, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus auricomus, Trollius europaeus, Comarum palustre, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum rivale, Potentilla erecta, Sanguisorba officinalis, Galium palustre, Galium uliginosum, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Briza media, Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Phragmites australis

M27 — Limestone pavement, Lowland fen, Upland spring flush

Filipendula ulmaria-Angelica sylvestris mire

Carex acutiformis, Carex appropinquata, Carex disticha, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex paniculata, Carex rostrata, Carex vesicaria, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus conglomeratus, Juncus effusus, Juncus inflexus, Juncus subnodulosus, Sparganium erectum, Plagiomnium elatum, Plagiomnium undulatum, Rhizomnium punctatum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Calliergon cordifolium, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Kindbergia praelonga, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Thuidium tamariscinum, Chiloscyphus pallescens, Lophocolea bidentata, Angelica sylvestris, Heracleum sphondylium, Oenanthe crocata, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Achillea ptarmica, Caltha palustris, Centaurea nigra, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium heterophyllum, Cirsium palustre, Crepis paludosa, Eupatorium cannabinum, Pulicaria dysenterica, Senecio aquaticus, Myosotis scorpioides, Cardamine flexuosa, Cardamine pratensis, Cochlearia pyrenaica, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana officinalis, Silene flos-cuculi, Stellaria alsine, Stellaria graminea, Calystegia sepium, Equisetum arvense, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus pedunculatus, Vicia cracca, Iris pseudacorus, Ajuga reptans, Mentha aquatica, Lythrum salicaria, Epilobium hirsutum, Epilobium obscurum, Epilobium palustre, Polygonum amphibium, Polygonum hydropiper, Rumex acetosa, Rumex crispus, Rumex sanguineus, Lysimachia vulgaris, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus flammula, Ranunculus repens, Thalictrum flavum, Trollius europaeus, Alchemilla glabra, Comarum palustre, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum rivale, Potentilla anserina, Potentilla reptans, Rubus fruticosus agg., Sanguisorba officinalis, Galium aparine, Galium palustre, Galium uliginosum, Urtica dioica, Viola palustris, Agrostis canina, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Glyceria maxima, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Phalaris arundinacea, Phleum pratense, Phragmites australis, Poa pratensis, Poa trivialis, Pteridium aquilinum

OV38 — Limestone pavement, Scree

Gymnocarpium robertianum-Arrhenatherum elatius community

Rosa spinosissima, Rubus saxatilis, Carex flacca, Bryum capillare, Dicranum scoparium, Distichium capillaceum, Fissidens dubius, Encalypta streptocarpa, Grimmia pulvinata, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Schistidium apocarpum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Campyliadelphus chrysophyllus, Ctenidium molluscum, Eurhynchium striatum, Homalothecium sericeum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Neckera crispa, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidium rugosum, Tortella tortuosa, Cladonia pocillum, Centaurea nigra, Jacobaea vulgaris, Leontodon hispidus, Mycelis muralis, Pilosella officinarum, Tussilago farfara, Arabis hirsuta, Campanula rotundifolia, Mercurialis perennis, Vicia sepium, Geranium molle, Geranium robertianum, Origanum vulgare, Teucrium scorodonia, Oxalis acetosella, Aquilegia vulgaris, Thalictrum minus, Fragaria vesca, Poterium sanguisorba, Galium sterneri, Saxifraga tridactylites, Viola riviniana, Arrhenatherum elatius, Avenula pratensis, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca ovina, Holcus lanatus, Poa pratensis, Schedonorus arundinaceus, Asplenium trichomanes, Asplenium viride, Dryopteris filix-mas, Cystopteris fragilis, Gymnocarpium robertianum

OV39 — Limestone pavement, Rocky slope

Asplenium trichomanes-Asplenium ruta-muraria community

Bryum capillare, Fissidens dubius, Encalypta streptocarpa, Schistidium apocarpum, Homalothecium sericeum, Hypnum cupressiforme, Neckera crispa, Syntrichia intermedia, Tortella tortuosa, Tortula muralis, Tortula ruralis, Tortula subulata, Trichostomum crispulum, Weissia controversa, Porella platyphylla, Reboulia hemisphaerica, Riccia sorocarpa, Targionia hypophylla, Cladonia pocillum, Dermatocarpon lachnaeum, Dermatocarpon miniatum, Squamarina cartilaginea, Toninia caeruleonigricans, Carlina vulgaris, Centaurea scabiosa, Pilosella officinarum, Arabidopsis thaliana, Hornungia petraea, Campanula rotundifolia, Scabiosa columbaria, Arenaria serpyllifolia, Silene nutans, Sedum acre, Medicago lupulina, Geranium molle, Acinos arvensis, Teucrium scorodonia, Thymus praecox, Veronica arvensis, Potentilla tabernaemontani, Poterium sanguisorba, Galium sterneri, Saxifraga tridactylites, Aira caryophyllea, Arrhenatherum elatius, Festuca ovina, Koeleria macrantha, Aphanes arvensis, Asplenium adiantum-nigrum, Asplenium ceterach, Asplenium ruta-muraria, Asplenium trichomanes, Anogramma leptophylla

OV40 — Limestone pavement, Rocky slope

Asplenium viride-Cystopteris fragilis community

Plagiobryum zieri, Pohlia cruda, Fissidens dubius, Encalypta streptocarpa, Ctenidium molluscum, Homalothecium sericeum, Isopterygiopsis pulchella, Neckera crispa, Orthothecium intricatum, Orthothecium rufescens, Anoectangium aestivum, Tortella tortuosa, Trichostomum crispulum, Weissia controversa, Plagiochila porelloides, Porella platyphylla, Reboulia hemisphaerica, Pellia endiviifolia, Solorina saccata, Campanula rotundifolia, Geranium robertianum, Thymus praecox, Poterium sanguisorba, Galium sterneri, Arrhenatherum elatius, Festuca ovina, Koeleria macrantha, Asplenium ruta-muraria, Asplenium scolopendrium, Asplenium trichomanes, Asplenium viride, Polystichum aculeatum, Polystichum lonchitis, Anogramma leptophylla, Cystopteris fragilis

U4 — Lowland dry acid grassland, Upland acid grassland, Upland calcareous grassland

Festuca ovina-Agrostis capillaris-Galium saxatile grassland

Calluna vulgaris, Vaccinium myrtillus, Carex binervis, Carex caryophyllea, Carex echinata, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex pilulifera, Juncus effusus, Juncus squarrosus, Luzula campestris, Luzula multiflora, Luzula sylvatica, Mnium hornum, Dicranum scoparium, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Pleurozium schreberi, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Thuidium tamariscinum, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Polytrichum commune, Lophocolea bidentata, Conopodium majus, Achillea millefolium, Bellis perennis, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium vulgare, Taraxacum officianalis, Campanula rotundifolia, Succisa pratensis, Cerastium fontanum, Lathyrus montanus, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Thymus praecox, Euphrasia officinalis, Oxalis acetosella, Plantago lanceolata, Veronica chamaedrys, Veronica officinalis, Polygala serpyllifolia, Rumex acetosa, Primula vulgaris, Anemone nemorosa, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus repens, Potentilla erecta, Poterium sanguisorba, Galium saxatile, Galium verum, Viola lutea, Viola palustris, Viola riviniana, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Alopecurus pratensis, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Avenula pratensis, Briza media, Cynosurus cristatus, Dactylis glomerata, Danthonia decumbens, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Lolium perenne, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta, Poa annua, Poa pratensis, Blechnum spicant, Pteridium aquilinum, Chara curta

U5 — Upland acid grassland, Upland calcareous grassland

Nardus stricta-Galium saxatile grassland

Empetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea, Erica tetralix, Vaccinium myrtillus, Carex bigelowii, Carex binervis, Carex demissa, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex pilulifera, Carex pulicaris, Eriophorum angustifolium, Eriophorum vaginatum, Trichophorum cespitosum, Juncus effusus, Juncus squarrosus, Luzula campestris, Luzula multiflora, Luzula sylvatica, Huperzia selago, Selaginella selaginoides, Aulacomnium palustre, Pohlia nutans, Campylopus flexuosus, Dicranella heteromalla, Dicranum scoparium, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Plagiothecium undulatum, Pleurozium schreberi, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Thuidium tamariscinum, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Polytrichum commune, Polytrichum formosum, Polytrichum juniperinum, Sphagnum papillosum, Barbilophozia floerkei, Calypogeia muelleriana, Diplophyllum albicans, Lophocolea bidentata, Lophozia ventricosa, Pleurozia purpurea, Ptilidium ciliare, Scapania gracilis, Cetraria islandica, Cladonia uncialis, Cirsium palustre, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Campanula rotundifolia, Cerastium fontanum, Equisetum palustre, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Trifolium repens, Narthecium ossifragum, Plantago lanceolata, Polygala serpyllifolia, Anemone nemorosa, Ranunculus acris, Alchemilla alpina, Potentilla erecta, Galium saxatile, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis vinealis, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Danthonia decumbens, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta, Blechnum spicant

U7 — High montane heath and snow bed

Nardus stricta-Carex bigelowii grass-heath

Empetrum nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Vaccinium myrtillus, Vaccinium uliginosum, Salix herbacea, Carex bigelowii, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex pilulifera, Eriophorum vaginatum, Trichophorum cespitosum, Juncus squarrosus, Juncus trifidus, Luzula multiflora, Luzula sylvatica, Diphasiastrum alpinum, Huperzia selago, Campylopus flexuosus, Dicranum fuscescens, Dicranum scoparium, Kiaeria starkei, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Plagiothecium undulatum, Pleurozium schreberi, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Polytrichum commune, Polytrichum juniperinum, Polytrichum piliferum, Polytrichum strictum, Sphagnum capillifolium, Anastrepta orcadensis, Anastrophyllum donianum, Barbilophozia floerkei, Barbilophozia hatcheri, Bazzania tricrenata, Diplophyllum albicans, Lophozia sudetica, Pleurozia purpurea, Ptilidium ciliare, Scapania gracilis, Scapania nemorea, Cetraria delisei, Cetraria islandica, Cladonia arbuscula, Cladonia bellidiflora, Cladonia coccifera, Cladonia gracilis, Cladonia impexa, Cladonia leucophaea, Cladonia pyxidata, Cladonia rangiferina, Cladonia tenuis, Cladonia uncialis, Gnaphalium supinum, Solidago virgaurea, Cornus suecica, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Thymus praecox, Narthecium ossifragum, Rumex acetosa, Alchemilla alpina, Potentilla erecta, Galium saxatile, Viola palustris, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis vinealis, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Nardus stricta

U8 — High montane heath and snow bed

Carex bigelowii-Polytrichum alpinum sedge-heath

Vaccinium myrtillus, Salix herbacea, Carex bigelowii, Juncus trifidus, Luzula spicata, Huperzia selago, Pohlia nutans, Dicranum fuscescens, Dicranum scoparium, Racomitrium canescens sens.lat., Racomitrium fasciculare, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Hylocomium splendens, Pleurozium schreberi, Sanionia uncinata, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Sphagnum compactum, Ptilidium ciliare, Cetraria delisei, Cetraria islandica, Cladonia arbuscula, Cladonia bellidiflora, Cladonia coccifera, Cladonia floerkeana, Cladonia gracilis, Cladonia macrophylla, Cladonia pyxidata, Cladonia rangiferina, Cladonia squamosa, Cladonia uncialis, Cornicularia aculeata, Ochrolechia frigida, Galium saxatile, Saxifraga stellaris, Agrostis capillaris, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Nardus stricta

U9 — High montane heath and snow bed

Juncus trifidus-Racomitrium lanuginosum rush-heath

Empetrum nigrum, Kalmia procumbens, Vaccinium myrtillus, Vaccinium uliginosum, Salix herbacea, Carex bigelowii, Carex pilulifera, Juncus trifidus, Luzula spicata, Diphasiastrum alpinum, Huperzia selago, Dicranum fuscescens, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Pleurozium schreberi, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Polytrichum piliferum, Barbilophozia floerkei, Diplophyllum albicans, Ptilidium ciliare, Cetraria delisei, Cetraria islandica, Cetraria nivalis, Cladonia arbuscula, Cladonia bellidiflora, Cladonia coccifera, Cladonia crispata, Cladonia gracilis, Cladonia pyxidata, Cladonia rangiferina, Cladonia uncialis, Cornicularia aculeata, Ochrolechia frigida, Sphaerophorus globosus, Stereocaulon vesuvianum, Thamnolia vermicularis, Silene acaulis, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Armeria maritima, Polygonum viviparum, Alchemilla alpina, Galium saxatile, Agrostis capillaris, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Nardus stricta, Nitella flexilis

U10 — High montane heath and snow bed, Lowland dry acid grassland, Upland dry heath

Carex bigelowii-Racomitrium lanuginosum moss-heath

Empetrum nigrum, Kalmia procumbens, Vaccinium myrtillus, Salix herbacea, Carex bigelowii, Carex panicea, Carex pilulifera, Juncus squarrosus, Juncus trifidus, Luzula spicata, Diphasiastrum alpinum, Huperzia selago, Selaginella selaginoides, Andreaea alpina, Aulacomnium turgidum, Pohlia nutans, Campylopus flexuosus, Dicranum fuscescens, Dicranum scoparium, Kiaeria starkei, Racomitrium fasciculare, Racomitrium heterostichum, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum callichroum, Hypnum cupressiforme, Hypnum hamulosum, Pleurozium schreberi, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Sanionia uncinata, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Polytrichum juniperinum, Polytrichum longisetum, Polytrichum piliferum, Polytrichum strictum, Anastrepta orcadensis, Diplophyllum albicans, Nardia scalaris, Ptilidium ciliare, Alectoria nigricans, Cetraria islandica, Cladonia arbuscula, Cladonia cervicornis, Cladonia coccifera, Cladonia crispata, Cladonia furcata, Cladonia gracilis, Cladonia impexa, Cladonia pyxidata, Cladonia rangiferina, Cladonia squamosa, Cladonia uncialis, Cornicularia aculeata, Ochrolechia frigida, Peltigera canina, Sphaerophorus globosus, Thamnolia vermicularis, Achillea millefolium, Antennaria dioica, Gnaphalium supinum, Solidago virgaurea, Campanula rotundifolia, Succisa pratensis, Minuartia sedoides, Silene acaulis, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Thymus praecox, Armeria maritima, Polygonum viviparum, Rumex acetosa, Alchemilla alpina, Potentilla erecta, Sibbaldia procumbens, Galium saxatile, Viola palustris, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis vinealis, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Nardus stricta

U11 — High montane heath and snow bed, Lowland dry acid grassland, Upland dry heath

Polytrichum sexangulare-Kiaeria starkei snow-bed

Empetrum nigrum, Salix herbacea, Carex bigelowii, Juncus trifidus, Huperzia selago, Conostomum tetragonum, Pohlia drummondii, Pohlia ludwigii, Pohlia nutans, Dicranum fuscescens, Kiaeria falcata, Kiaeria starkei, Racomitrium canescens sens.lat., Racomitrium fasciculare, Racomitrium heterostichum, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Pleurozium schreberi, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Oligotrichum hercynicum, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Polytrichastrum sexangulare, Anthelia juratzkana, Barbilophozia floerkei, Lophozia sudetica, Marsupella emarginata, Moerckia blyttii, Nardia scalaris, Pleurocladula albescens, Cetraria islandica, Cladonia bellidiflora, Cladonia pyxidata, Cladonia uncialis, Solorina crocea, Gnaphalium supinum, Cerastium cerastoides, Silene acaulis, Alchemilla alpina, Sibbaldia procumbens, Galium saxatile, Saxifraga stellaris, Viola palustris, Agrostis capillaris, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca vivipara, Nardus stricta, Cryptogramma crispa, Blechnum spicant, Athyrium distentifolium

U12 — High montane heath and snow bed, Upland dry heath

Salix herbacea-Racomitrium heterostichum snow-bed

Salix herbacea, Carex bigelowii, Juncus trifidus, Luzula spicata, Huperzia selago, Andreaea rupestris, Conostomum tetragonum, Pohlia nutans, Dicranum scoparium, Kiaeria starkei, Racomitrium fasciculare, Racomitrium heterostichum, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Oligotrichum hercynicum, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Polytrichastrum sexangulare, Polytrichum piliferum, Barbilophozia floerkei, Diplophyllum albicans, Gymnomitrion concinnatum, Gymnomitrion corallioides, Lophozia sudetica, Marsupella brevissima, Nardia scalaris, Cetraria delisei, Cetraria islandica, Cladonia bellidiflora, Cladonia coccifera, Cladonia gracilis, Cladonia pyxidata, Cladonia uncialis, Cornicularia aculeata, Ochrolechia frigida, Gnaphalium supinum, Silene acaulis, Alchemilla alpina, Galium saxatile, Agrostis canina, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Nardus stricta

U13 — High montane heath and snow bed, Upland dry heath

Deschampsia cespitosa-Galium saxatile grassland

Vaccinium myrtillus, Salix herbacea, Carex bigelowii, Carex pilulifera, Luzula multiflora, Luzula sylvatica, Diphasiastrum alpinum, Huperzia selago, Selaginella selaginoides, Pohlia nutans, Kiaeria starkei, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum callichroum, Hypnum cupressiforme, Plagiothecium undulatum, Pleurozium schreberi, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Sanionia uncinata, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Polytrichum commune, Sphagnum capillifolium, Sphagnum russowii, Anastrepta orcadensis, Barbilophozia floerkei, Barbilophozia lycopodioides, Nardia scalaris, Ptilidium ciliare, Cetraria islandica, Cladonia gracilis, Peltigera canina, Achillea millefolium, Gnaphalium supinum, Saussurea alpina, Campanula rotundifolia, Cerastium alpinum, Cerastium fontanum, Minuartia sedoides, Silene acaulis, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Thymus praecox, Euphrasia frigida, Oxalis acetosella, Armeria maritima, Polygonum viviparum, Rumex acetosa, Ranunculus acris, Alchemilla alpina, Alchemilla filicaulis, Alchemilla glabra, Potentilla erecta, Sibbaldia procumbens, Galium saxatile, Saxifraga hypnoides, Saxifraga stellaris, Viola palustris, Viola riviniana, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Nardus stricta, Blechnum spicant, Dryopteris dilatata

U14 — High montane heath and snow bed, Upland dry heath

Alchemilla alpina-Sibbaldia procumbens dwarf-herb community

Vaccinium myrtillus, Salix herbacea, Carex bigelowii, Carex pilulifera, Juncus trifidus, Luzula multiflora, Luzula spicata, Diphasiastrum alpinum, Huperzia selago, Selaginella selaginoides, Andreaea alpina, Pohlia nutans, Dicranum scoparium, Racomitrium aquaticum, Racomitrium canescens sens.lat., Racomitrium fasciculare, Racomitrium heterostichum, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Ctenidium molluscum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum callichroum, Pleurozium schreberi, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Sanionia uncinata, Oligotrichum hercynicum, Pogonatum urnigerum, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Polytrichum piliferum, Barbilophozia floerkei, Diplophyllum albicans, Lophozia sudetica, Nardia scalaris, Ptilidium ciliare, Cetraria islandica, Cladonia arbuscula, Cladonia bellidiflora, Cladonia pyxidata, Achillea millefolium, Gnaphalium supinum, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Campanula rotundifolia, Cerastium alpinum, Cerastium fontanum, Minuartia sedoides, Sagina saginoides, Silene acaulis, Thymus praecox, Euphrasia officinalis, Armeria maritima, Polygonum viviparum, Rumex acetosa, Ranunculus acris, Thalictrum alpinum, Trollius europaeus, Alchemilla alpina, Alchemilla filicaulis, Alchemilla glabra, Potentilla erecta, Sibbaldia procumbens, Galium saxatile, Saxifraga hypnoides, Saxifraga oppositifolia, Saxifraga stellaris, Viola palustris, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Nardus stricta, Blechnum spicant, Botrychium lunaria

U15 — Mountain ledge

Saxifraga aizoides-Alchemilla glabra banks

Calluna vulgaris, Carex capillaris, Carex demissa, Carex flacca, Carex lepidocarpa, Carex panicea, Carex pulicaris, Juncus articulatus, Juncus triglumis, Luzula multiflora, Luzula sylvatica, Selaginella selaginoides, Breutelia chrysocoma, Bryum pseudotriquetrum, Philonotis fontana, Plagiomnium undulatum, Rhizomnium pseudopunctatum, Rhizomnium punctatum, Dicranum scoparium, Ditrichum flexicaule, Fissidens adianthoides, Racomitrium canescens sens.lat., Calliergonell cuspidatum, Campylium stellatum, Cratoneuron filicinum, Ctenidium molluscum, Hylocomium splendens, Orthothecium rufescens, Palustriella commutatum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Sanionia uncinata, Scorpidium revolvens, Thuidium tamariscinum, Atrichum undulatum, Anoectangium aestivum, Tortella tortuosa, Blindia acuta, Leiocolea bantriensis, Lophocolea bidentata, Nardia scalaris, Plagiochila asplenioides, Scapania undulata, Tritomaria quinquedentata, Preissia quadrata, Aneura pinguis, Pellia endiviifolia, Pellia epiphylla, Angelica sylvestris, Crepis paludosa, Hieraclium spp., Taraxacum officianalis, Tussilago farfara, Cochlearia officinalis, Campanula rotundifolia, Succisa pratensis, Cerastium fontanum, Silene acaulis, Parnassia palustris, Sedum rosea, Equisetum pratense, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium repens, Thymus praecox, Pinguicula vulgaris, Linum catharticum, Epilobium anagallidifolium, Euphrasia officinalis, Rhinanthus minor, Oxalis acetosella, Plantago lanceolata, Oxyria digyna, Polygonum viviparum, Rumex acetosa, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Thalictrum alpinum, Alchemilla alpina, Alchemilla filicaulis, Alchemilla glabra, Geum rivale, Potentilla erecta, Galium saxatile, Saxifraga aizoides, Saxifraga hypnoides, Saxifraga oppositifolia, Viola riviniana, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Avenula pratensis, Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Nardus stricta, Asplenium viride, Cystopteris fragilis

U16 — Mountain ledge

Luzula sylvatica-Vaccinium myrtillus tall-herb community

Salix lapponum, Fraxinus excelsior, Empetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea, Salix lanata, Vaccinium myrtillus, Carex bigelowii, Carex binervis, Carex nigra, Juncus squarrosus, Luzula sylvatica, Huperzia selago, Mnium hornum, Plagiomnium undulatum, Rhizomnium punctatum, Dicranum fuscescens, Dicranum majus, Dicranum scoparium, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum callichroum, Hypnum cupressiforme, Kindbergia praelonga, Plagiothecium denticulatum, Plagiothecium undulatum, Pleurozium schreberi, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Thuidium tamariscinum, Atrichum undulatum, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Polytrichum commune, Sphagnum capillifolium, Sphagnum girgensohnii, Sphagnum palustre, Sphagnum russowii, Sphagnum subnitens, Chiloscyphus polyanthos, Diplophyllum albicans, Lophocolea bidentata, Tritomaria quinquedentata, Cladonia bellidiflora, Cladonia impexa, Cladonia uncialis, Conopodium majus, Crepis paludosa, Solidago virgaurea, Campanula rotundifolia, Lonicera periclymenum, Succisa pratensis, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Geranium sylvaticum, Oxalis acetosella, Digitalis purpurea, Rumex acetosa, Anemone nemorosa, Alchemilla alpina, Alchemilla glabra, Potentilla erecta, Galium saxatile, Viola riviniana, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Nardus stricta, Blechnum spicant, Dryopteris borreri, Dryopteris dilatata, Phegopteris connectilis, Thelypteris limbosperma, Athyrium distentifolium, Athyrium filix-femina, Gymnocarpium dryopteris

U17 — Mountain ledge

Luzula sylvatica-Geum rivale tall-herb community

Salix cinerea, Salix reticulata, Betula pubescens, Sorbus aucuparia, Empetrum nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Vaccinium myrtillus, Vaccinium uliginosum, Rubus saxatilis, Carex atrata, Carex bigelowii, Carex binervis, Carex demissa, Carex flacca, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex pulicaris, Carex vaginata, Luzula multiflora, Luzula sylvatica, Huperzia selago, Selaginella selaginoides, Breutelia chrysocoma, Bryum pseudotriquetrum, Mnium hornum, Philonotis fontana, Plagiomnium rostratum, Plagiomnium undulatum, Rhizomnium pseudopunctatum, Rhizomnium punctatum, Dicranum majus, Dicranum scoparium, Ditrichum flexicaule, Fissidens adianthoides, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Hookeria lucens, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Campylium stellatum, Ctenidium molluscum, Hylocomiastrum umbratum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Kindbergia praelonga, Loeskeobryum brevirostre, Palustriella commutatum, Plagiothecium denticulatum, Plagiothecium undulatum, Pleurozium schreberi, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Sanionia uncinata, Scorpidium revolvens, Thuidium tamariscinum, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Polytrichum commune, Tortella tortuosa, Blindia acuta, Sphagnum auriculatum, Sphagnum capillifolium, Barbilophozia floerkei, Bazzania tricrenata, Chiloscyphus polyanthos, Diplophyllum albicans, Frullania tamarisci, Herbertus stramineus, Lophocolea bidentata, Mastigophora woodsii, Nardia scalaris, Plagiochila asplenioides, Plagiochila spinulosa, Scapania undulata, Aneura pinguis, Pellia endiviifolia, Pellia epiphylla, Peltigera canina, Angelica sylvestris, Heracleum sphondylium, Cirsium heterophyllum, Cirsium palustre, Crepis paludosa, Hieraclium spp., Saussurea alpina, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Solidago virgaurea, Taraxacum officianalis, Tussilago farfara, Arabis hirsuta, Cochlearia officinalis, Draba incana, Campanula rotundifolia, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana officinalis, Cerastium alpinum, Cerastium fontanum, Silene acaulis, Silene dioica, Parnassia palustris, Sedum rosea, Orthilia secunda, Pyrola rotundifolia, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Mercurialis perennis, Lathyrus montanus, Lotus corniculatus, Vicia sepium, Geranium sylvaticum, Hypericum pulchrum, Teucrium scorodonia, Thymus praecox, Pinguicula vulgaris, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Linum catharticum, Epilobium montanum, Dactylorhiza viridis, Orchis mascula, Euphrasia officinalis, Rhinanthus minor, Oxalis acetosella, Plantago lanceolata, Veronica officinalis, Armeria maritima, Oxyria digyna, Polygonum viviparum, Rumex acetosa, Anemone nemorosa, Ranunculus acris, Thalictrum alpinum, Thalictrum minus, Trollius europaeus, Alchemilla alpina, Alchemilla filicaulis, Alchemilla glabra, Dryas octopetala, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum rivale, Potentilla crantzii, Potentilla erecta, Galium boreale, Galium saxatile, Chrysosplenium oppositifolium, Saxifraga aizoides, Saxifraga hypnoides, Saxifraga oppositifolia, Viola riviniana, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta, Poa glauca, Asplenium viride, Blechnum spicant, Dryopteris borreri, Dryopteris dilatata, Dryopteris filix-mas, Polystichum lonchitis, Phegopteris connectilis, Thelypteris limbosperma, Athyrium filix-femina, Cystopteris fragilis

U18 — Rocky slope, Scree

Cryptogramma crispa-Athyrium distentifolium snow-bed

Vaccinium myrtillus, Carex bigelowii, Juncus trifidus, Luzula spicata, Huperzia selago, Pohlia nutans, Rhizomnium punctatum, Dicranum fuscescens, Dicranum majus, Dicranum scoparium, Kiaeria starkei, Racomitrium canescens sens.lat., Racomitrium fasciculare, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Hylocomiastrum umbratum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum callichroum, Kindbergia praelonga, Plagiothecium denticulatum, Plagiothecium nemorale, Plagiothecium undulatum, Pleurozium schreberi, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Sanionia uncinata, Oligotrichum hercynicum, Pogonatum urnigerum, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Polytrichastrum sexangulare, Polytrichum piliferum, Sphagnum capillifolium, Anastrepta orcadensis, Barbilophozia floerkei, Diplophyllum albicans, Lophozia obtusa, Lophozia sudetica, Ptilidium ciliare, Tritomaria quinquedentata, Cladonia bellidiflora, Cladonia gracilis, Peltigera canina, Gnaphalium supinum, Cerastium fontanum, Epilobium anagallidifolium, Oxalis acetosella, Oxyria digyna, Rumex acetosa, Alchemilla alpina, Sibbaldia procumbens, Galium saxatile, Saxifraga stellaris, Viola palustris, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Nardus stricta, Cryptogramma crispa, Blechnum spicant, Dryopteris dilatata, Phegopteris connectilis, Thelypteris limbosperma, Athyrium distentifolium, Gymnocarpium dryopteris

U21 — Rocky slope, Scree

Cryptogramma crispa-Deschampsia flexuosa community

Empetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea, Vaccinium myrtillus, Diphasiastrum alpinum, Huperzia selago, Mnium hornum, Pohlia nutans, Campylopus flexuosus, Dicranella heteromalla, Dicranum majus, Dicranum scoparium, Grimmia donniana, Racomitrium fasciculare, Racomitrium heterostichum, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Hypnum cupressiforme, Isothecium myosuroides, Plagiothecium undulatum, Pleurozium schreberi, Pseudotaxiphyllum elegans, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Pogonatum urnigerum, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Polytrichum formosum, Polytrichum juniperinum, Polytrichum strictum, Sphagnum subnitens, Barbilophozia floerkei, Cephalozia bicuspidata, Cephaloziella hampeana, Diplophyllum albicans, Lophozia ventricosa, Nardia scalaris, Ptilidium ciliare, Cladonia furcata, Cladonia impexa, Cladonia squamosa, Cladonia uncialis, Cornicularia aculeata, Oxalis acetosella, Digitalis purpurea, Rumex acetosella, Potentilla erecta, Galium saxatile, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Nardus stricta, Cryptogramma crispa, Thelypteris limbosperma

W9 — Altantic hazel wood, Limestone pavement, Upland mixed ash wood

Fraxinus excelsior-Sorbus aucuparia-Mercurialis perennis woodland

Hedera helix, Salix cinerea, Acer campestre, Acer pseudoplatanus, Ilex aquifolium, Betula pendula, Betula pubescens, Corylus avellana, Fagus sylvatica, Quercus hybrid, Quercus petraea, Quercus robur, Fraxinus excelsior, Pinus sylvestris, Prunus padus, Sorbus aucuparia, Alnus glutinosa, Populus tremula, Ulmus glabra, Sambucus nigra, Crataegus monogyna, Rubus saxatilis, Carex pallescens, Carex sylvatica, Luzula sylvatica, Mnium hornum, Plagiomnium rostratum, Plagiomnium undulatum, Rhizomnium punctatum, Dicranum scoparium, Fissidens curnovii, Fissidens taxifolius, Brachythecium rutabulum, Cirriphyllum piliferum, Ctenidium molluscum, Eurhynchium striatum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Isothecium alopecuroides, Isothecium myosuroides, Kindbergia praelonga, Loeskeobryum brevirostre, Oxyrrhynchium hians, Plagiothecium denticulatum, Plagiothecium succulentum, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Thuidium delicatulum, Thuidium tamariscinum, Atrichum undulatum, Polytrichum formosum, Lophocolea bidentata, Plagiochila asplenioides, Pellia endiviifolia, Pellia epiphylla, Adoxa moschatellina, Angelica sylvestris, Anthriscus sylvestris, Conopodium majus, Heracleum sphondylium, Sanicula europaea, Arum maculatum, Cirsium heterophyllum, Cirsium palustre, Crepis paludosa, Jacobaea vulgaris, Tussilago farfara, Cardamine flexuosa, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana officinalis, Silene dioica, Stellaria holostea, Mercurialis perennis, Vicia sepium, Geranium robertianum, Geranium sylvaticum, Ajuga reptans, Lamiastrum galeobdolon, Stachys sylvatica, Allium ursinum, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Circaea lutetiana, Circaea x intermedia, Epilobium montanum, Oxalis acetosella, Digitalis purpurea, Veronica chamaedrys, Veronica montana, Rumex acetosa, Lysimachia nemorum, Primula vulgaris, Anemone nemorosa, Ficaria verna, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus repens, Trollius europaeus, Alchemilla glabra, Alchemilla xanthochlora, Filipendula ulmaria, Fragaria vesca, Geum rivale, Geum urbanum, Potentilla erecta, Potentilla sterilis, Rosa canina, Rubus fruticosus agg., Rubus idaeus, Cruciata laevipes, Galium aparine, Galium odoratum, Galium saxatile, Chrysosplenium oppositifolium, Urtica dioica, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Bromopsis ramosa, Dactylis glomerata, Deschampsia cespitosa, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Melica uniflora, Milium effusum, Poa trivialis, Schedonorus giganteus, Asplenium scolopendrium, Blechnum spicant, Pteridium aquilinum, Dryopteris borreri, Dryopteris dilatata, Dryopteris filix-mas, Athyrium filix-femina

W11 — Altantic hazel wood, Atlantic oak wood, Caledonian forest, Upland birch wood, Wood pasture

Quercus petraea-Betula pubescens-Oxalis acetosella woodland

Acer campestre, Ilex aquifolium, Betula pendula, Betula pubescens, Corylus avellana, Fagus sylvatica, Quercus hybrid, Quercus petraea, Quercus robur, Fraxinus excelsior, Larix decidua, Sorbus aucuparia, Calluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea, Juniperus communis, Vaccinium myrtillus, Cytisus scoparius, Crataegus monogyna, Rubus saxatilis, Carex pilulifera, Luzula campestris, Luzula multiflora, Luzula pilosa, Luzula sylvatica, Mnium hornum, Plagiomnium affine, Plagiomnium undulatum, Dicranum majus, Dicranum scoparium, Cirriphyllum piliferum, Eurhynchium striatum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Isothecium myosuroides, Kindbergia praelonga, Loeskeobryum brevirostre, Plagiothecium denticulatum, Plagiothecium undulatum, Pleurozium schreberi, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Thuidium tamariscinum, Atrichum undulatum, Polytrichum commune, Polytrichum formosum, Polytrichum longisetum, Sphagnum capillifolium, Diplophyllum albicans, Lophocolea bidentata, Plagiochila asplenioides, Plagiochila spinulosa, Angelica sylvestris, Conopodium majus, Campanula rotundifolia, Lonicera periclymenum, Succisa pratensis, Cerastium fontanum, Stellaria holostea, Pyrola minor, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Lathyrus montanus, Geranium robertianum, Hypericum pulchrum, Ajuga reptans, Teucrium scorodonia, Convallaria majalis, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Oxalis acetosella, Digitalis purpurea, Veronica chamaedrys, Veronica officinalis, Rumex acetosa, Lysimachia nemorum, Primula vulgaris, Trientalis europaea, Anemone nemorosa, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus repens, Potentilla erecta, Rubus fruticosus agg., Rubus idaeus, Galium aparine, Galium saxatile, Melanpyrum pratense, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis vinealis, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Poa pratensis, Poa trivialis, Blechnum spicant, Pteridium aquilinum, Dryopteris borreri, Dryopteris dilatata, Dryopteris filix-mas, Thelypteris limbosperma, Athyrium filix-femina

W17 — Altantic hazel wood, Atlantic oak wood, Caledonian forest, Upland birch wood, Wood pasture

Quercus petraea-Betula pubescens-Dicranum majus woodland

Hedera helix, Salix caprea, Acer pseudoplatanus, Ilex aquifolium, Betula pendula, Betula pubescens, Corylus avellana, Fagus sylvatica, Quercus hybrid, Quercus petraea, Quercus robur, Fraxinus excelsior, Sorbus aucuparia, Calluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea, Erica tetralix, Juniperus communis, Rhododendron ponticum, Vaccinium myrtillus, Crataegus monogyna, Carex pilulifera, Luzula multiflora, Luzula pilosa, Luzula sylvatica, Andreaea rupestris, Mnium hornum, Rhizomnium punctatum, Campylopus flexuosus, Dicranella heteromalla, Dicranodontium denudatum, Dicranum fuscescens, Dicranum majus, Dicranum scoparium, Dicranum scottianum, Leucobryum glaucum, Ptychomitrium polyphyllum, Racomitrium fasciculare, Racomitrium heterostichum, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Eurhynchium striatum, Heterocladium heteropterum, Hylocomiastrum umbratum, Hylocomium armoricum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum callichroum, Hypnum cupressiforme, Hypnum jutlandicum, Isothecium myosuroides, Kindbergia praelonga, Loeskeobryum brevirostre, Plagiothecium denticulatum, Plagiothecium undulatum, Pleurozium schreberi, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Pseudotaxiphyllum elegans, Ptilium crista-castrensis, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Sematophyllum demissum, Sematophyllum micans, Thuidium delicatulum, Thuidium tamariscinum, Polytrichum commune, Polytrichum formosum, Sphagnum capillifolium, Sphagnum fimbriatum, Sphagnum palustre, Sphagnum russowii, Sphagnum subnitens, Tetraphis pellucida, Adelanthus decipiens, Anastrepta orcadensis, Barbilophozia attenuata, Barbilophozia floerkei, Bazzania tricrenata, Bazzania trilobata, Blepharostoma trichophyllum, Calypogeia fissa, Calypogeia muelleriana, Cephalozia bicuspidata, Diplophyllum albicans, Frullania tamarisci, Fuscocephaloziopsis lunulifolia, Harpanthus scutatus, Jamesoniella autumnalis, Jungermannia gracillima, Lepidozia pearsonii, Lepidozia reptans, Lophocolea bidentata, Lophocolea heterophylla, Lophozia ventricosa, Marsupella emarginata, Microlejeunea ulicina, Mylia taylorii, Nowellia curvifolia, Plagiochila asplenioides, Plagiochila atlantica, Plagiochila killarniensis, Plagiochila porelloides, Plagiochila punctata, Plagiochila spinulosa, Ptilidium ciliare, Saccogyna viticulosa, Scapania gracilis, Scapania nemorea, Scapania umbrosa, Tritomaria exsectiformis, Tritomaria quinquedentata, Cladonia arbuscula, Cladonia chlorophaea, Cladonia digitata, Cladonia furcata, Cladonia impexa, Cladonia polydactyla, Cladonia squamosa, Cladonia squamules, Cladonia subcervicornis, Parmelia saxatilis, Sphaerophorus fragilis, Sphaerophorus globosus, Solidago virgaurea, Lonicera periclymenum, Succisa pratensis, Cornus suecica, Hypericum pulchrum, Teucrium scorodonia, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Goodyera repens, Oxalis acetosella, Digitalis purpurea, Rumex acetosa, Lysimachia nemorum, Trientalis europaea, Anemone nemorosa, Potentilla erecta, Rubus fruticosus agg., Rubus idaeus, Galium saxatile, Melanpyrum pratense, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Agrostis vinealis, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Dactylis glomerata, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Molinia caerulea, Poa nemoralis, Poa pratensis, Blechnum spicant, Pteridium aquilinum, Dryopteris aemula, Dryopteris borreri, Dryopteris dilatata, Dryopteris filix-mas, Hymenophyllum tunbrigense, Hymenophyllum wilsonii, Polypodium vulgare, Thelypteris limbosperma, Athyrium filix-femina

W18 — Caledonian forest, Wet woodland

Pinus sylvestris-Hylocomium splendens woodland

Betula pendula, Betula pubescens, Larix decidua, Picea abies, Picea sitchensis, Pinus sylvestris, Sorbus aucuparia, Empetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea, Erica tetralix, Juniperus communis, Vaccinium myrtillus, Luzula multiflora, Luzula pilosa, Aulacomnium palustre, Campylopus flexuosus, Dicranum fuscescens, Dicranum majus, Dicranum scoparium, Leucobryum glaucum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Hypnum jutlandicum, Plagiothecium undulatum, Pleurozium schreberi, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Ptilium crista-castrensis, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Thuidium tamariscinum, Polytrichum commune, Polytrichum formosum, Polytrichum juniperinum, Sphagnum capillifolium, Sphagnum girgensohnii, Sphagnum russowii, Anastrepta orcadensis, Barbilophozia floerkei, Bazzania trilobata, Calypogeia muelleriana, Calypogeia trichomanis, Diplophyllum albicans, Lepidozia reptans, Lophocolea bidentata, Scapania gracilis, Cladonia arbuscula, Cladonia cornuta, Cladonia digitata, Cladonia impexa, Cladonia macilenta, Cladonia pyxidata, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Goodyera repens, Neottia cordata, Oxalis acetosella, Trientalis europaea, Potentilla erecta, Galium saxatile, Melanpyrum pratense, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis vinealis, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta, Blechnum spicant, Pteridium aquilinum

W19 — Caledonian forest

Juniperus communis ssp. communis-Oxalis acetosella woodland

Betula pubescens, Sorbus aucuparia, Calluna vulgaris, Juniperus communis, Vaccinium myrtillus, Rubus saxatilis, Carex binervis, Carex flacca, Carex pilulifera, Luzula multiflora, Luzula pilosa, Mnium hornum, Plagiomnium affine, Plagiomnium rostratum, Plagiomnium undulatum, Dicranum majus, Dicranum scoparium, Cirriphyllum piliferum, Hylocomiastrum umbratum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Hypnum jutlandicum, Isothecium alopecuroides, Isothecium myosuroides, Kindbergia praelonga, Plagiothecium denticulatum, Plagiothecium succulentum, Plagiothecium undulatum, Pleurozium schreberi, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Ptilium crista-castrensis, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Sanionia uncinata, Thuidium tamariscinum, Atrichum undulatum, Polytrichum commune, Polytrichum formosum, Barbilophozia barbata, Barbilophozia hatcheri, Lophocolea bidentata, Lophozia ventricosa, Plagiochila porelloides, Scapania gracilis, Cladonia pyxidata, Adoxa moschatellina, Cardamine flexuosa, Campanula rotundifolia, Cerastium fontanum, Stellaria holostea, Pyrola media, Pyrola minor, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Mercurialis perennis, Lathyrus montanus, Geranium sylvaticum, Epilobium montanum, Neottia cordata, Oxalis acetosella, Veronica officinalis, Polygonum viviparum, Rumex acetosa, Primula vulgaris, Trientalis europaea, Anemone nemorosa, Ranunculus acris, Fragaria vesca, Geum rivale, Potentilla erecta, Potentilla sterilis, Rubus idaeus, Galium boreale, Galium saxatile, Galium verum, Melanpyrum pratense, Urtica dioica, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis vinealis, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus mollis, Poa trivialis, Blechnum spicant, Pteridium aquilinum, Dryopteris dilatata, Dryopteris filix-mas, Phegopteris connectilis, Thelypteris limbosperma, Gymnocarpium dryopteris

W20 — Montane scrub

Salix lapponum-Luzula sylvatica scrub

Salix arbuscula, Salix cinerea, Salix lapponum, Salix myrsinites, Salix phylicifolia, Salix reticulata, Empetrum nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Salix lanata, Vaccinium myrtillus, Vaccinium uliginosum, Carex atrata, Carex bigelowii, Carex binervis, Carex flacca, Luzula multiflora, Luzula sylvatica, Huperzia selago, Selaginella selaginoides, Aulacomnium palustre, Mnium hornum, Philonotis fontana, Plagiomnium undulatum, Rhizomnium punctatum, Dicranum bonjeanii, Dicranum majus, Dicranum scoparium, Fissidens adianthoides, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Ctenidium molluscum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum callichroum, Hypnum cupressiforme, Palustriella commutatum, Plagiothecium denticulatum, Plagiothecium undulatum, Pleurozium schreberi, Ptilium crista-castrensis, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Sanionia uncinata, Scorpidium revolvens, Thuidium tamariscinum, Atrichum undulatum, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Sphagnum capillifolium, Sphagnum fallax, Sphagnum girgensohnii, Sphagnum palustre, Sphagnum russowii, Sphagnum squarrosum, Sphagnum subnitens, Sphagnum teres, Barbilophozia barbata, Chiloscyphus polyanthos, Diplophyllum albicans, Lophocolea bidentata, Plagiochila porelloides, Ptilidium ciliare, Scapania undulata, Cladonia squamosa, Peltigera canina, Angelica sylvestris, Caltha palustris, Hieraclium spp., Saussurea alpina, Solidago virgaurea, Campanula rotundifolia, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana officinalis, Rhodiola rosea, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Thymus praecox, Epilobium anagallidifolium, Dactylorhiza viridis, Euphrasia officinalis, Rhinanthus minor, Oxalis acetosella, Oxyria digyna, Polygonum viviparum, Rumex acetosa, Anemone nemorosa, Ranunculus acris, Thalictrum alpinum, Alchemilla alpina, Alchemilla glabra, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum rivale, Galium boreale, Galium saxatile, Saxifraga aizoides, Saxifraga hypnoides, Saxifraga oppositifolia, Saxifraga stellaris, Viola riviniana, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Nardus stricta, Dryopteris dilatata, Phegopteris connectilis

W21 — Hedgerow scrub, Mixed scrub

Crataegus monogyna-Hedera helix scrub

Hedera helix, Salix cinerea, Acer pseudoplatanus, Ilex aquifolium, Betula pendula, Corylus avellana, Fagus sylvatica, Quercus robur, Fraxinus excelsior, Malus sylvestris, Sorbus aria, Taxus baccata, Ulmus glabra, Ulmus procera, Sambucus nigra, Viburnum lantana, Euonymus europaeus, Cornus sanguinea, Juniperus communis, Ligustrum vulgare, Clematis vitalba, Rhamnus cathartica, Crataegus laevigata, Crataegus monogyna, Prunus spinosa, Juncus effusus, Plagiomnium undulatum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Kindbergia praelonga, Rhynchostegium confertum, Tamus communis, Heracleum sphondylium, Torilis japonica, Arum maculatum, Arctium minus, Cirsium arvense, Lonicera periclymenum, Moehringia trinervia, Silene dioica, Stellaria graminea, Stellaria holostea, Stellaria media agg., Calystegia sepium, Mercurialis perennis, Geranium robertianum, Iris foetidissima, Glechoma hederacea, Lamium purpureum, Origanum vulgare, Stachys sylvatica, Teucrium scorodonia, Allium ursinum, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Circaea lutetiana, Rumex sanguineus, Anemone nemorosa, Ranunculus repens, Fragaria vesca, Geum urbanum, Potentilla sterilis, Poterium sanguisorba, Rosa arvensis, Rosa canina, Rubia peregrina, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium aparine, Urtica dioica, Viola riviniana, Anisantha sterilis, Arrhenatherum elatius, Brachypodium pinnatum, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Bromopsis erecta, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia repens, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Poa trivialis, Asplenium scolopendrium, Pteridium aquilinum, Dryopteris filix-mas

W22 — Hedgerow scrub, Mixed scrub

Prunus spinosa-Rubus fruticosus scrub

Hedera helix, Acer campestre, Corylus avellana, Ulex europaeus, Prunus spinosa, Plagiomnium undulatum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Eurhynchium striatum, Kindbergia praelonga, Thuidium tamariscinum, Atrichum undulatum, Lophocolea bidentata, Achillea millefolium, Cardamine flexuosa, Lonicera periclymenum, Moehringia trinervia, Silene dioica, Silene uniflora, Stellaria media agg., Mercurialis perennis, Geranium robertianum, Stachys sylvatica, Teucrium scorodonia, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Oxalis acetosella, Digitalis purpurea, Plantago lanceolata, Veronica chamaedrys, Armeria maritima, Rumex acetosa, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum urbanum, Rosa canina, Rubus fruticosus agg., Rubus idaeus, Galium aparine, Urtica dioica, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Poa trivialis, Asplenium scolopendrium, Pteridium aquilinum, Dryopteris borreri, Dryopteris filix-mas