Mappp.co geology and wildlife sites

Bodkin Hazel Wood

… ash and birch. The underwood is very rich in species and includes guelder rose Viburnum opulus, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spindle Euonymus europaeus, yew Taxus baccata, cherry Prunus avium and holly Ilex aquifolium. The ground flora is notably di…

Raisby Hill Grassland

…rubs, including hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, gorse Ulex europaeus, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and various rose and willow species and hybrids. In the wet valley floor, tall fen vegetation dominated by great willow herb Epilobium hirsutum and les…

Asham Wood

…as opportunists in clearings and many are now widespread, notably, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spindle Euonymus europaeus. Holly Ilex aquifolium, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, crab apple Malus sylvestris and blackthor…

Thurlbear Wood and Quarrylands

…ampestre, crab apple Malus sylvestris, spindle Euonymus europaeus, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The base rich soils support a diverse ground flora. Plants of particular interest include greater butterfly Orchid Platan…

Aller and Beer Woods

…ed hazel Corylus avellana and scattered calciole shrubs, including guelder rose Viburnum opulus, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, spindle Euonymus europaeus, Dog wood Cornus sanguinea, privet Ligustrum vulgare and spurge laurel Daphne laureola. The ground flora varies in conjunct…

Over and Lawn Woods

… campestre as coppice. Shrubs include spindle Euonymus europaeus, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana. honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum is also frequently found. The ground flora is characteristically of the dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis bluebe…

Bacombe and Coombe Hills

…h hills support areas of scrub with a variety of species such as wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, purging buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and spindle Euonymus europaeus. Of special interest is the population of juniper Juniperus communis, a shrub which …

Dancersend

…crub species include hawthorn, blackthorn, hazel, privet, elder, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, old man's beard Clematis vitalba and honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum; among the briars e.g. Rosa arvensis and brambles Rubus fruticosus an interesting…

Burderop Wood

… open a well developed and diverse shrub layer occurs, including wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, spindle Euonymus europaeus, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. Red currant Ribes sylvestris occurs widely while coppiced haz…

Rushy Meadows

…gelica Angelica sylvestris. Tall, species rich hedges containing wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, hazel Corylus avellana, crack willow Salix fragilis and sallow Salix cinerea enclose and sub divide the meadows. A broad, shallow, eutrophic ditch runni…

Grangelands & Pulpit Hill

…hese contain dogwood Cornus sanguinea, privet Ligustrum vulgare, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, field maple Acer campestre, crab apple Malus sylvestris, birch Betula pubescens, hornbeam Carpinus betulus, briars Rosa spp. and brambles Rubus fruticos…

Cleaves Wood

… over the shallow, more lime rich soils. Species present include wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and common whitebeam Sorbus aria. In the valley bottom wetter soils support alder Alnus glutinosa and goat willow Salix caprea,…

King's Wood and Urchin Wood

…gus monogyna, holly Ilex aquifolium, spindle Euonymus europaeus, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spurge laurel Daphne laureola and buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica. The field layer is variable. Although large areas are dominat…

Bisham Woods

…ls of the plateau. Shrubs include wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, elder Sambucus nigra, old man's beard Clematis vitalba, red currant Ribes rubrum and field rose Rosa arvensis. The wood has been modified in parts by th…

Great Breach and Copley Woods

… their more recent origin have a rich understorey which includes wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spindle Euonymus europaeus. The ground flora is also of interest; with many species usually associated with ancient woodlan…

Hales and Shadwell Woods

…cularly diverse and, in addition to the coppice stools, includes wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, Spurge laurel Daphne laureola, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, red currant Ribes sylvestris and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare. The ground flora is dominated b…

Snitterfield and Bearley Bushes

…rse shrub layer is dominated by hazel with frequent field maple, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The field layer is dominated by bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta and bramble Rubus fruticosus, but is very rich and inclu…

Gomm Valley

…ther woody species include privet, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and dog rose Rosa canina. Whitebeam Sorbus aria grows among the scrub, as well as the fringing woodland and in the latter ash, beech, hazel and hornbeam …

Rodney Stoke

…species are also present including buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and crab apple Malus sylvestris. The ground flora is dominated by dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis, ivy Hedera helix and bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scr…

Dolebury Warren

… cover encircling much of the site and calcicole species include wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, whitebeam Sorbus aria, privet Ligustrum vulgare and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The hill has an interesting invertebrate fauna and several local species h…

Chinnor Hill

…lgare, spindle Euonymus europaeus, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, hazel Corylus avellana and traveller's joy Clematis vitalba. Mixed deciduous woodland has established in some areas, consisting largely of ash, beech, y…

River Lemon Valley Woods

…wild service-tree Sorbus torminalis, spindle Euonymus europaeus, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and crab apple Malus sylvestris. The ground flora is species-rich and luxuriant, with many species characteristic of woodland o…

Farningham Wood

…on the more chalky soils and include spindle Euonymus europaeus, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Amongst the invertebrates, a number of species indicative of ancient woodland occur including certain beetles and the hoverfly Brachypalpoides lenta.…

Park Wood, Chilham

… as buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Bramble, dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis and bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta are the principal components of the ground flora, which also conta…

Shorn Cliff and Caswell Woods

…ult of Dutch Elm Disease. Shrubs such as hazel Corylus avellana, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and guelder rose Viburnum opulus occur on these slopes. Here the ground flora is more varied with, in places, numerous ferns. These include hart’s tongue fern Asplenium scolopendrium,…

Stinchcombe Hill

…ainly of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. On the lower slopes this grades into woodland composed primarily of ash Fraxinus excelsior, silver birch Betula pendula, common whitebeam Sorbus ari…

Ebbor Gorge

…es include dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spindle Euonymus europaeus, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and guelder rose Viburnum opulus and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare. The ground flora is indicative of the calcareous nature of the site, with dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis being…

Burrington Combe

…wood Cornus sanguinea, yew Taxus baccata, whitebeam Sorbus aria, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. On the less steep and more acidic western slopes and on the level ground above the cliffs, the scrub consists largely of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna,…

Gawdyhall Big Wood, Harleston

… and include dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spindle Euonymus europaeus, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and a single specimen of wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana at its only known Norfolk station. The wood is notable for the abundance of large oak standards, some of which may be over 300 …

Little Paxton Wood

…s only frequent in the northern part of the wood. Willows Salix spp. and aspen Populus tremula are present where soils are more waterlogged. The shrub layer is extremely diverse, both in terms of the structure and the species present. Much of it is dominated by derelict hazel Cor…

Hanger Wood

…pecies include dogwood Cornus sanguinea, privet Ligustrum vulgare, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and holly Ilex aquifolium. blackthorn Prunus spinosa locally forms dense thickets while wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and spindle Euonymus europaeus are mainly restricted to the wood…

Oxleas Woodlands

…e shrubs have a restricted distribution in the London area such as guelder rose Viburnum opulus, midland thorn Crataegus laevigata and buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica; several of the species are more usually associated with outcrops of chalk. These include wayfaring tree Viburnum la…

Crook Peak to Shute Shelve Hill

… by hazel Corylus avellana with some field maple Acer campestre and Gueder rose Viburnum opulus. Ground flora species include dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis. columbine Aquilegia vulgaris and meadow saffron Colchicum autumnale. The nationally rare purple gromwell Lithospermum …

Clough Woods

…more frequent over a denser and more species rich shrub layer with guelder rose Viburnum opulus, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa. The ground flora is equally diverse with dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis, enchanter’s nightshade Circaea lutetiana, water…

River Camel Valley and Tributaries

…pwort Oenanthe crocata and greater tussock sedge Carex paniculata. Guelder rose Viburnum opulus and alder buckthorn Frangula alnus have also been recorded. The woods support a wide range of interesting and uncommon species such as bryophytes, including oceanic species and the na…

West Pennine Moors

…ncluding bird cherry Prunus padus, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and guelder rose Viburnum opulus on the wet, lime rich ground. Within the many flushes of this woodland is also an area of an uncommon wet woodland type with alder Alnus glutinosa and greater tussock sedge. Smaller st…

Stock Wood Meadows

…ows are bounded by species rich hedges to the north and east, with guelder rose Viburnum opulus, hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, field maple Acer campestre, spindle Euonymus europaeus, pedunculateoak Quercus robur and elder Sambucus …

Sulham and Tidmarsh Woods and Meadows

… trees and shrubs including ash, birch, gean, oak, hazel, willows, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and spindle Euonymus europaeus. Locally there are small plantations of poplar Populus sp., some with a few conifers. A number of compartments are actively coppiced and all the copses s…

Holme Moor & Clean Moor

… Alnus glutinosa, ash Fraxinus excelsior, pedunculate oak Quercus robur, aspen Populus tremula and wild cherry Prunus avium also contribute to the canopy. Understorey species include field maple Acer campestre, hazel Corylus avellana, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and spindle Euon…

Kirlish

…icularly along the edge of the stream to the east of Kirlish where guelder rose Viburnum opulus occurs in the shrub layer. The ground flora clearly reflects the more flushed conditions with meadow sweet Filipendula ulmaria, lesser spearwort Ranunculus flammula, water avens Geum r…

Kenninghall & Banham Fens with Quidenham Mere

…st with dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spindle tree Euonymus europaeus, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, yellow iris Iris pseudacorus, angelica Angelica sylvestris, primrose Primula vulgaris and purple snailreed Calamagrostis canescens. An area of dry, unmanaged tall fen with abundant re…

Hunshaw Wood

…e the most abundant shrub species; crab apple Malus sylvestris and guelder-rose Viburnum opulus are less common. There is also a small area of hazel and ash Fraxinus excelsior coppice with standards. Alder Alnus glutinosa and sallow Salix spp. grow by the stream which flows along…

Old Buckenham Fen

…including ash Fraxinus excelsior, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Much of the southern part of the site is occupied by cattle grazed pasture which is drained by a network of ditches to a pump, which can be used to supply water to the reed beds. Muc…

Ruislip Woods

…nclude field maple Acer campestre, midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, aspen Populus tremula, wild cherry Prunus avium, wild service tree Sorbus torminalis and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Where the drainage is impeded the range of species also includes alder Alnus glutinosa, …

Underlaid Wood

… communis and dog rose Rosa canina. Wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and spindle Euonymus europaeus are scattered throughout the pavements but rarely grow to any size. The wooded pavements on the southern and western side of the wood are dominated by a …

Hutton Roof Crags

…e pavements include juniper Juniperus communis, yew Taxus baccata, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and the rare Lancastrian whitebeam Sorbus lancastriensis. Often occurring in a mosaic with the pavement areas is unimproved calcareous grassland and more occ…

Ryde Sands and Wootton Creek

…, butcher's broom Ruscus aculeatus, spindle Euonymus europaeus and guelder rose Viburnum opulus and a rich ground flora including golden rod Solidago virgaurea, wild daffodil Narcissus pseudonarcissus and the nationally scarce narrow leaved lungwort Pulmonaria longifolia which in…

Bowdown and Chamberhouse Woods

… field maple, English elm, aspen, crab apple, blackthorn, dogwood, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and field rose Rosa arvensis. The woodland ground flora is exceptionally rich, with several different communities. The areas on London Clay support Solomon's seal Polygonatum multiflor…

Lorton

…ubs including hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, hazel Corylus avellana, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, holly Ilex aquifolium, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and privet Ligustrum vulgare. There is also a rich ground flora which includes frequent stinking iris Iris foetidissima, and, in the we…

Whitecross Green and Oriel Woods

…nosa is abundant throughout, while other trees and shrubs include birch, aspen Populus tremula, goat willow Salix caprea, wild service Sorbus torminalis, midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, spindle Euonymus europaeus, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, guel…

Woodwalton Fen

…illow Salix spp., blackthorn Prunus spinosa, birch betula spp. and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The whole site is a patchwork of wetland communities, providing a habitat for many uncommon plant and insect species a number of which are confined to East Anglia. Re presentation of …

Wedholme Flow

…d Lawrenceholme Wood. Wetter areas of willow/alder woodland, with guelder rose Viburnum opulus and alder buckthorn Frangula alnus in the shrub layer, are interspersed with patches of open fen where meadowsweet Filipendula ulmaria, wild angelica Angelica sylvestris and common val…

Yardley Chase

…us laevigata, hazel Corylus avellana, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum is an abundant climber in places and is important as the larval food plant for the uncommon butterfly white admiral Limenitis camilla which occurs he…

Mennock Water

…in the understorey but bird cherry Prunus padus and, more locally, guelder-rose Viburnum opulus also occur. The wood has a varied ground flora in which grasses predominate but herb-rich flushes are frequent. A number of uncommon plants occur, especially along the rocky streamside…

Brockadale

…spring cinquefoil Potentilla tabernaemontani. Elsewhere a scrub of guelder rose Viburnum opulus, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and bramble Rubus fruticosus has developed. The calcareous grassland of the valley sides is dominated by chalk false brome Brachypodium pinnatum and uprigh…

Brookland Wood

…rds Quercus robur, whilst the wet areas support alder woodland with some aspen Populus tremula and willow Salix sp. The shrub layer is fairly sparse over most of the wood but includes guelder rose Viburnum opulus, holly Ilex aquifolium and elder Sambucus nigra. Bramble Rubus frut…

Merthen Wood

…r, with holly Ilex aquifolium and coppiced hazel Corylus avellana, Guelder-rose Viburnum opulus, ivy Hedera helix, bramble Rubus fruticosus, and honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum. Wood anemone Anemone nemorosa, bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta, the locally notable southern wood…

Bishop's Hill Wood

…obur and ash Fraxinus excelsior are dominant canopy trees, together with aspen Populus tremula, silver birch Betula pendula, wych elm Ulmus glabra and field maple Acer campestre. There is a mixed shrub layer, dominated by coppiced hazel Corylus avellana, with spindle Euonymus eur…

Catmore and Winterly Copses

…low and crab apple. Shrubs include alder buckthorn Frangula alnus, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and blackthorn Prunus spinosa. The site is generally poorly drained and includes locally waterlogged areas, together with a stream and a small pond. These wet conditions undoubtedly ad…

Mid Cornwall Moors

…r, with holly Ilex aquifolium and coppiced hazel Corylus avellana, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, ivy Hedera helix, bramble Rubus fruticosus and honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum. Wood anemone Anemone nemorosa, bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta, the locally notable southern wood …

Sontley Marsh

…at willow Salix capraea together with bird cherry Prunus padus and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Much of the site is dominated by tall fen vegetation with stands of great pond-sedge Carex riparia, meadow-sweet Filipendula ulmaria, lesser pond-sedge Carex acutiformis and great ho…

Sherrardspark Wood

…sation by spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus is underway. A typical woodland ride flora is developing forming an important habitat for invertebrates which does not occur elsewhere in the wood.

Croham Hurst

…nd trees of the lower wood and scrub are dogwood Cornus sanguinea, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, whitebeam Sorbus aria and privet Ligustrum vulgare. Plants of the species rich oak hazel stands include primrose primrose vulgaris, anemone Anemone nemorosa, lesser celandine Ficaria …

Downton Gorge

…ayer includes hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, spindle Euonymus europaeus and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare. In the more calcareous areas of the woodland the ground flora is dominated by calcicole lime loving species such as woodr…

Out and Plunder Woods

…ucture together with shrubs such as wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spindle Euonymus europaeus. The ground flora is typically of dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis, bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta and oxlip Primula elat…

Long Dale & Gratton Dale

…ubs include bird cherry Prunus padus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora is dominated by dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis or tufted hair grass Deschampsia cespitosa with a very wide range of other woodland plants. In moist areas ferns an…

Ardlair - Letterewe

…ped to the west of the site by Ardlair. Associated species include guelder rose Viburnum opulus, wych elm Ulmus glabra, aspen Populus tremula, holly Ilex aquifolium and sessile oak Quercus petraea. The ground flora here is exceptionally species rich and has abundant false-brome g…

Coombe Meadow

…sa forming occasional thickets. Alder buckthorn Frangula alnus and guelder-rose Viburnum opulus also occur. The ground flora supports a good variety of herbs such as tutsan Hypericum androsaemum, sanicle Sanicula europaea, wild strawberry Fragaria vesca, yellow pimpernel Lysimach…

Castle Eden Dene

…on. hazel Corylus avellana is the most abundant shrub species, but guelder rose Viburnum opulus, spindle Euonymus europaeus, privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spurge laurel Daphne laureola are also significant components of the shrub flora. The species rich g…

Masson Hill

…s a variety of shrub species including field maple Acer campestre, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The ground flora is dominated locally by ivy Hedera helix and dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis, with abundant woodruff Galium odoratum, sanicle Sanicula…

Grange Wood

…d alder Alnus glutinosa. The field layer is composed of occasional guelder rose Viburnum opulus and a scattered cover of bramble Rubus fruticosus and ferns. The ground flora in the upper part of the wood strongly reflects the base-rich conditions here. It is characterised by a ca…

Whiston Eaves

…mbucus nigra dominate this scrub, although other species including guelder rose Viburnum opulus, ash saplings Fraxinus excelsior, dog rose Rosa canina and field rose Rosa arvensis are well represented. At the southern end of the most northerly field, the latter two species, alon…

Whitewater Valley

…acteristic shrubs occur including buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Over much of this area the water table is very high due to springs on the valley sides. A diverse carr ground flora is found here, characterised by the presence of species such as rag…

Treyford to Bepton Down

…more diverse mixed scrub community with hazel Corylus avellana and guelder rose Viburnum opulus is established in other areas. Mature mixed woodland with yew Taxus baccata, beech Fagus sylvatica and ash Fraxinus excelsior clothes the lower slopes and Stead Combe. In all but the m…

Upper Lough Erne - Belleisle

…ominant, with other species such as spindle Euonymus europaeus and guelder rose Viburnum opulus scattered throughout. buckthorn Rhamus cathartica is frequent in the area, although it is a scarce plant in Northern Ireland. The ground flora beneath this generally resembles that of …

Crich Chase

… does contain hazel Corylus avellana, greywillow Salix cinerea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. aspen Populus tremula occurs rarely. The field layer is more diverse within these stands and alongside bramble, honeysuckle and creeping soft grass are a distinctive range of wetland…

Park Wood

…ub layer of hazel, hawthorn, rowan, spindle Euonymus europaeus and guelder-rose Viburnum opulus. In addition to the typical wetland herb species of the wetter areas, the diverse herb layer here includes dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis, herb robert Geranium robertianum, ground …

Stourvale Marsh

…ies including osier Salix viminalis, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Within the site there are a number of plants which are becoming less common in the county as more land is drained. These include narrow leaved water parsnip Berula erecta, southern ma…

Wimboldsley Wood

…s avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, holly Ilex aquifolium and guelder rose Viburnum opulus occur with occasional spindle Euonymus europaeus. Between the pools and the tops of the slopes the ground flora is rich and varied and includes species such as harts tongue fern Asplen…

Braken Hurst

… and shrubs of lesser frequency such as grey willow Salix cinerea, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, field maple Acer campestre and buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica. Tufted hair grass Deschampsia cespitosa and dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis are dominant in the field layer whilst the …

Eye Brook Valley Woods

…hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and goat willow Salix caprea. The ground vegetation is dominated by dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis and, locally, by bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta and contains species typical…

Broughton Far Wood

…understorey is particularly rich, with spindle Euonymus europaeus, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and hazel Corylus avellana. The ground flora is dominated by dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis, other…

Burfa Boglands

…rn Crataegus monogyna and hazel Corylus avellana are also present. Guelder-rose Viburnum opulus is a component of these types, though of very sparse occurrence. The ground flora varies from mesotrophic marsh, with marsh marigold Caltha palustris, meadowsweet Filipendula ulmaria a…

Hopwood Dingle

… by hazel Corylus avellana, with some dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora is largely dominated by bramble Rubus fruticosus, but sweet woodruff Galium odoratum is locally abundant with, in places, town hall clock Adoxa moschatellina. Wood ba…

Dole Wood

…evigata, spindle Euonymus europaeus, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Where the soil is wetter and more acidic the herbs are characterised by wood sage Teucrium scorodonia and wood sorrel Oxalis acetosella. In the east there is a stand of coppiced small…

East Coppice

…s alder buckthorn Frangula alnus, red currant Ribes sylvestris and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Pedunculate oak Quercus robur standards are sparsely distributed through the wood and ash Fraxinus excelsior, aspen Populus tremula and holly Ilex aquifolium are found on the ancient …

Bishop Monkton Ings

…y willow Salix pentandra and a well developed shrub layer in which guelder rose Viburnum opulus is common. The ground flora is varied with dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis, red campion Silene dioica and wood avens Geum urbanum onraised ground and meadowsweet with wild angelica …

Badsaddle, Withmale Park and Bush Walk Woods

…ith hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and some dogwood Cornus sanguinea, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, spindle Euonymus europaeus and midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata also occur. The ground flora is dominated by dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis, bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta…

Cabilla Manor Wood

…d holly Ilex aquifolium with occasional rowan Sorbus aucuparia and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora consists largely of bramble Rubus fruticosus, honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum and bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta with occasional hart’s-tongue Asplenium scolope…

Beacon Hill, Hangingstone and Out Woods

…ood. The shrub layer here contains redcurrant Ribes sylvestris and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora is diverse and includes pendulous sedge Carex pendula, opposite leaved golden saxifrage Chrysosplenium oppositifolium, water avens Geum rivale, bluebell Hyacinthoides…

Elterwater

…and alder carr areas also support a rich flora with shrubs such as guelder rose Viburnum opulus and bird cherry Prunus padus and a ground flora which includes water avens Geum rivale, marsh hawkbit Crepis paludosa and the rare touch me not balsam Impatiens nolitangere. The alder …

Stoke & Bowd Lane Woods

…her species occurring occasionally e.g. blackthorn Prunus spinosa, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, elder Sambucus nigra and crab apple Malus sylvestris. Honesuckle Lonicera periclymenum, field rose Rosa arvensis and dewberry Rubus caesius are locally abund…

Hawes Water

…fringe grades into alder and willow carr containing shrubs such as guelder rose Viburnum opulus and alder buckthorn Frangula alnus and underlaid by shorter fen vegetation including marsh marigold Caltha palustris, water mint Mentha aquatica, yellow iris Iris pseudacorus, meadowsw…

Culham Brake

…inalis and meadowsweet Filipendula ulmaria. An open shrub layer of guelder rose Viburnum opulus, red currant Ribes sylvestris and hop Humulus lupulus is also present. An unusual feature is the occurrence of polypody Polypodium vulgare as an epiphyte on willow trees. A stand of mo…

Combs Wood

…hawthorn, spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora beneath this woodland type is rich and varied and has shown a good response to the recent reintroduction of a coppice rotation over the wood. Dog’s mercury and tufted…

Hall Wood

…lso occur in the canopy. As well as hazel the shrub layer includes guelder rose Viburnum opulus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and holly Ilex aquifolium. There is a rich ground flora dominated by bramble Rubus fruticosus with a number of locally uncommon species such as wild daffodil …

Oakers Wood

…e of the wood. Other characteristic species of the shrub layer are guelder rose Viburnum opulus and red currant Ribes sylvestris. The ground flora is varied. bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta, barren strawberry Potentilla sterilis, pignut Conopodium majus and wood sorrel Oxalis …

Crumpton Hill Wood

…smaller amounts of holly Ilex aquifolium, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, aspen Populus tremula, field maple Acer campestre, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The ground flora is typical of base rich woodlands, with dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis, wood…

Hurcott and Podmore Pools

…a pendula, crack and goat willows Salix fragilis and S. caprea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora includes characteristic wetland species such as marsh marigold Caltha palustris, marsh thistle Cirsium palustre, marsh bedstraw Galium palustre and a number of sedge …

Coed Cwm Cletwr

…is gives place locally to ashwood with occasional wych elm Ulmus glabra, aspen Populus tremula and small leaved-lime Tilia cordata. It is in the ashwood that the flora is richest, and where the presence of calcicole species indicates patches of lime-rich soil in a predominantly a…

Coed Gwempa

…g with frequent hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, elder Sambucus nigra, guelder-rose Viburnum opulus, goat willow Salix caprea and grey willow Salix cinerea. Over large areas the ground flora comprises dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis, which is sometimes very abundant, along with en…

Mar Field Fen

…nosa and ash Fraxinus excelsior with grey willow Salix cinerea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus in the understorey and shrub layer. The ground flora is variable with dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis, enchanter's nightshade Circaea lutetiana and wood anemone Anemone nemorosa in …

Kennet Valley Alderwoods

…ellana, grey willow Salix cinerea, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and guelder rose Viburnum opulus with occasional spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica. The wettest parts support yellow flag Iris pseudacorus, lesser pond sedge Carex a…

River Test

…tion with willows and scrub including hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and elder Sambucus nigra is a particular feature along many stretches of the river channels. Sometimes separated from the bank by fishing paths it is generally dry, elsewhere it is a c…

Chippenham Fen and Snailwell Poor's Fen

…nvasive scattered scrub has developed and includes such species as guelder rose Viburnum opulus, bird cherry Prunus padus and alder buckthorn Frangula alnus. A fen grassland community dominated by purple moor grass Molinia caerulea extends to the north of the main fen area. Graze…

Tindall Wood, Ditchingham

…us avellana. spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata are frequent shrubs on the heaviest soils where there is also a rich ground flora. Dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis is dominant with enchante…

Dalby Bush Fen

…s padus, grey willow Salix cinerea, bay willow Salix pentandra and guelder rose Viburnum opulus in the understorey and at the woodland margins. The ground flora includes yellow iris Iris pseudacorus which is particularly abundant along the spring lines, together with species such…

Bugden's Copse and Meadows

… frequent canopy tree is oak, with occasional ash Fraxinus excelsior and aspen Populus tremula. The shrub layer is dominated by hazel Corylus avellana with frequent holly Ilex aquifolium and occasional guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Bramble Rubus fruticosus and honeysuckle Lonicer…

Wickenby Wood

… avellana forming the understorey. Wild service Sorbus torminalis, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, spindle Euonymus europaeus and alder buckthorn Frangula alnus are all associated with the alkaline soils. The ground flora is dominated over large areas by dog's mercury Mercurialis p…

Mains Wood

…irch Betula pendula, yew Taxus baccata, rowan Sorbus aucuparia and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Sweet chestnut Castanea sativa is also present and managed as coppice. The ground flora includes a number of species which are locally rare or uncommon in this part of the West Midlan…

Doddington Clay Woods

…egus laevigata, spindle Euonymus europaeus, holly Ilex aquifolium, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare. Both woodlands have a rich and varied ground flora, reflecting variations in soil moisture and base status. The more acidic areas are characterised b…

Hamps and Manifold Valleys

…ty of other calcicolous shrubs including dogwood Cornus sanguinea, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, spindle Euonymus europaeus and occasional buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica. In the wet valley bottoms there are good examples of stands of alder Alnus glutinosa with an understorey of bir…

Littlemarsh Common

…. Other interesting species include spindle Euonomus europaeus and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. This mixture of grassland, semi aquatic areas and scrub provides an important habitat for a good variety of birds, including nightingale Luscinia megarhynchos.

Checkhill Bogs

…ack and red currant Ribes nigrum and R. rubrum and, less commonly, guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The associated ground flora is dominated by nettle Urtica dioica and the invasive Himalayan balsam Impatiens glandulifera, although a variety of other marsh plants are found such as …

Spring Wood,Hawnby

…ies include hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, bird cherry Prunus padus, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and holly Ilex aquifolium. The varied ground flora includes dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis, wood sorrel Oxalis acetosella, wood speedwell Veronica montana and early purple orchid O…

Hetton Bogs

…red campion Silene dioica and wood sanicle Sanicula europaea. Much guelder rose Viburnum opulus and goat willow S. caprea occurs in shallow waterlogged depressions, where the ground flora includes marsh ragwort Senecio aquaticus and water avens Geum rivale.

Dereham Rush Meadow

…water, giving rise to the presence of bird cherry Prunus padus and guelder rose Viburnum opulus in the shrub layer. Dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis dominates much of the ground layer and associates include opposite leaved golden saxifrage Chrysosplenium oppositifolium, small t…

Cotteril Clough

…, bird cherry Prunus padus, whitebeam Sorbus aria, goat willow and guelder rose Viburnum opulus occasional. The ground flora is dominated by ramsons with honeysuckle, bluebell, wood anemone, lesser celandine and black bryony also commonly found. Valley alder woodland dominates th…

Dunaree Hill

…us glutinosa and goat willow Salix caprea occurring in the wetter areas. Aspen Populus tremula is scattered throughout the woodland. The shrub layer is dominated by hazel Corylus avellana with occasional hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and holly Ilex aqu…

Yare Broads and Marshes

…ger managed; common sallow Salix cinerea is abundant with frequent guelder rose Viburnum opulus, alder buckthorn Frangula alnus and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare. Several unimproved fen meadows are present on the site. The traditional management of summer mowing for hay followed …

Cloy Brook Pastures

…orn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa but including guelder rose Viburnum opulus.

Longleat Woods

…idic, hornbeam Carpinus betulus occurs locally, mostly as coppice. Guelder rose Viburnum opulus and alder buckthorn Frangula alnus are found in the shrub layer. Ground flora species include abundant wood anemone Anemone nemorosa, common dog violet Viola riviniana and honeysuckle …

Betley Mere

…alix pentandra. The shrubs include alder buckthorn Frangula alnus, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and black currant Ribes nigrum. The field layers vary markedly with differences in soil moisture. meadowsweet Filipendula ulmaria, tufted sedge Carex elata and marsh marigold Caltha pa…

Crofton Woods

…d particularly on the damper ground. Other regular tree species include aspen Populus tremula, field maple Acer campestre and crab apple Malus sylvestris. A well developed shrub layer forms a good woodland structure through a large part of the wood. The most abundant species is …

Dillington Carr, Gressenhall

…wampy areas on the valley floor. Alder forms extensive stands with guelder rose Viburnum opulus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and common sallow. The semi liquid muds support a mixed ground flora which includes yellow flag Iris pseudacorus, angelica Angelica sylvestris, lesser pond se…

Robins Wood

…ocked with sweet chestnut Castanea sativa and here birch Betula spp. and aspen Populus tremula are also common. guelder rose Viburnum opulus and midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata are present in the shrub layer, above aground flora dominated by bluebells Hyacinthoides non-scrip…

The Wilderness & Vermin Valley

…h the shrubs are more varied and include dogwood Cornus sanguinea, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, spindle Euonymus europaeus and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare. The diverse ground flora includes, on the drier soils bramble Rubus fruticosus, bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta, yello…

Enborne Copse

… coppiced lime and hazel Corylus avellana together with occasional guelder rose Viburnum opulus, rowan Sorbus aucuparia, elder Sambucus nigra, alder buckthorn Frangula alnus and crab apple Malus sylvestris. Heavy shading from the dense foliage has resulted in a sparse ground flor…

Bastow Wood

… padus, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and geulder rose Viburnum opulus are rather less frequent. Under the canopy and in the clearings, thin limestone soils support a grazed sward of blue moor grass Sesleria caerulea and red fescue Festuca rubra which is…

Burgate Wood

…ous boulder clays in the valley bottoms. Dogwood Cornus sanguinea, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and spindle tree Euonymus europaeus are characteristic of the calcareous soils. The ground flora contains much dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis with frequent primrose Primula vulgari…

Barnby Broad & Marshes

…bur. The shrub layer includes bushes of grey willow Salix cinerea, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. Numerous springs emerge in the carr and the variable wetness of the ground is reflected in a diverse ground flora. Nettle Urtica dioica and rasberry R…

Banhaw, Spring and Blackthorn's Woods

… wild service tree Sorbus torminalis, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus also occurring. The ground flora in all the woods is rich and varied with some areas dominated by dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis and bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta with abundan…

Lower Woods

…nea, spindle Euonymus europaeus, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare and guelder rose Viburnum opulus on base rich clays. The ancient woodland indicator wild service tree Sorbus torminalis is locally abundant. The ground flora is typical of damp clays and includes wood anemone Anemone …

Postlebury Wood

…stre, hornbeam Carpinus betulus, birch Betula sp, holly Ilex aquifolium, aspen Populus tremula and sallow Salix sp, with dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spindle Euonymus europaeus and guelder rose Viburnum opulus on the more base rich soils. The ground flora is well developed, ranging …

Potter's Carr, Cranworth

…t the shrub layer in association with dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Willows are largely confined to the woodland edge, adjacent to the river Blackwater. The ground flora is very diverse and although the wood appears from historical evidence not to be …

Anston Stones Wood

…d Cornus sanguinea, hazel Corylus avellana, holly Ilex aquifolium, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and elder Sambucus nigra are common in the understorey with less frequently buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, spindle Euonymus europaeus and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare. The field layer …

Wyre Forest

…axinus excelsior, alder Alnus glutinosa, goat willow Salix caprea, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and small leaved lime Tilia cordata. The ground flora is also correspondingly richer with ramsons Allium ursinum, wild daffodil Narcissus pseudonarcissus and dog's mercury Mercurialis …

Hedenham Wood

… ash and hornbeam. Other woody species include goat willow Salix caprea, aspen Populus tremula, spindle Euonymus europaeus, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata. On lighter soils hornbeam and ash coppice is almost pure. T…

Gwernaffel Dingle

…nclude rowan Sorbus aucuparia, cherry – particularly Prunus padus, guelder-rose Viburnum opulus, red currant Ribes rubrum and crab apple Malus sylvestris. When not dominated by alder, much of the dingle streamside and lower slopes support the ash/field maple vegetation type, with…

Bourne Alder Carr

…low pedunculate oak Quercus robur standards. elder Sambucus nigra, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and the introduced snowberry Symphoricarpos albus are also present. The ground florahere also reflects the drier conditions, dominated by dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis, brambles R…

Llwyn

… and often dense shrub layer in which bird cherry Prunus padus and guelder rose Viburnum opulus are conspicuous components amongst willows Salix caprea and Salix cinerea, hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, wych elm Ulmus glabra, the occasional holly Ilex aquifol…

Coedydd Afon Menai

…y supports sessile oak and ash dominated woodland with hazel, ash, guelder-rose Viburnum opulus and crab apple Malus sylvestris in the understorey and a basiphilous ground flora, which occurs on the heavy calcareous soils present, particularly on the flatter sections. great woodr…

Bure Broads and Marshes

…ding alder buckthorn Frangula alnus, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, red currant Ribes sylvestris and common sallow Salix cinerea. Straggling lianas of hop Humulus lupulus are characteristic of these Broadland carrs. The groun…

Milden Thicks

…or, maple Acer campestre, hornbeam Carpinus betulus, lime Tilia cordata, aspen Populus tremuloides, wild cherry Prunus avium, birch Betula pendula and elm Ulmus glabra. The coppice understorey includes hazel Corylus avellana with both common and midland hawthorns Crataegus monogy…

Scords Wood and Brockhoult Mount

…ominated by oak species, beech, ash, field maple, alder Alnus glutinosa, aspen Populus tremula and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora includes wood poa grass Poa nemoralis, bugle Ajuga reptans, stinging nettle Urtica dioica, sweet woodruff Galium odoratum, enchanter's…

Alder Carr

…w Salix alba and wych elm Ulmus glabra also occur. Shrubs such as guelder rose Viburnum opulus and spindle Euonymus europaeus, typical of fen carr, are also present, together with hop Humulus lupulus, small teasel Dipsacus pilosus and red currant Ribes sylvestris. In the ground …

Endrick Mouth and Islands

… bracken Pteridium aquilinum. Torrinch has a mix of sessile oak and some aspen Populus tremula, but it is mostly downy birch Betula pubescens. Clairinsh is a small flat island with more diversity of species. On Creinch are sessile oaks and some ash Fraxinus excelsior, but most of…

Whittlewood Forest

…specimens of considerable age and girth. Silver birch Betula pendula and aspen Populus tremula are thinly spread with local concentrations of elm Ulmus procera, Ulmus glabra, most of which are now dead or diseased. The understorey and shrub layer is typically composed of ash, fi…

Coed Nant Menascin

…ent hazel and occasional downy birch, bird cherry Prunus padus and guelder-rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora is rich and extremely variable. Local dominants include opposite-leaved golden-saxifrage Chrysosplenium oppositifolium, remote sedge Carex remota and tufted hair-gras…

Gale Clough and Shooterslee Wood

… which ash and alder are the main tree species with hazel, cherry, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, goat willow and grey willow abundant in the shrub layer. Reed canary grass, water mint, wood horsetail Equisetum sylvaticum, dog's mercury and false brome are the principal components…

Langford Heathfield

…ut, while spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus are restricted to areas with more calcareous soils. Dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis or bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta, dominate the field layer. Species generally restricted to …

Castle Hill Deer Park and Windy Pits

…egus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, elder Sambucus nigra and guelder rose Viburnum opulus, as well as peaks in localised flowering of species such as hogweed Heracleum sphondylium, provide important nectar sources for insects, as well as places to breed. Fungi The veteran…

Saltburn Gill

…ith occasional holly Ilex aquifolium, gooseberry Ribes uva-crispa, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and spindle Euonymus europaeus. Dense patches of regenerating sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus are also present. The species rich ground flora varies considerably throughout with the natur…

Castlebeck and Scar Woods

…thorn Crataegus monogyna and hazel Corylus avellana, with locally, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum. Alder Alnus glutinosais plentiful along the banks of Jugger Howe and in the wood west of the beck. The moderately acidic soils support a ground f…

Wellington Wood

…ee Sorbus torminalis, yew Taxus baccata, wild cherry Prunus avium, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and both native hawthorns Crataegus monogyna and Crataegus laevigata. A particular feature of the wood is the presence of some ver…

Bentley Priory

… europaeus and broom Cytisus scoparius in the north and occasional guelder rose Viburnum opulus on the clay site. The site is unusual in London for the presence of five species of rose, including glaucous dog rose Rosa dumalis at its only London locality and short styled field ro…

Thrift Wood, Woodham Ferrers

…s laevigata and honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum, with occasional guelder rose Viburnum opulus, alder buckthorn Frangula alnus and butcher's broom Ruscus aculeatus. The ground flora is dominated by bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta and wood anemone Anemone nemorosa, together wi…

Rodbed Wood

…ies displaying a good range of age and size. blackthorn, hawthorn, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and blackcurrant Ribes nigrum are found in the shrub layer. In addition to the summer snowflake the herbaceous flora, which is especially well developed where dead elms and other trees…

Old Copse, Beenham

…y hazel with some goat willow Salix caprea, holly Ilex aquifolium guelder, rose Viburnum opulus and occasional elder Sambucus nigra and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The ground flora is rich and varied and includes several species indicative of ancient woodland. Some of these are rel…

Fivehead Woods and Meadow

…onogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, spindle Euonymus europaeus and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora in the woods is dominated by dog's mercury and bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta with abundant ivy Hedera helix in places. The typical woodland flora present includ…

Hoplands Wood

…Cornus sanguinea, goat willow Salix caprea, holly Ilex aquifolium, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and blackthorn Prunus spinosa. Dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis is locally abundant. Elsewhere brambles Rubus spp. are found with bluebells Hyacinthoides non-scripta, greater stitchw…

Math and Elsea Wood

… europaeus, goat willow Salix caprea, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Both woodlands have a rich ground flora, with the species composition tending to vary with soil drainage. The well drained areas are characterised by the dominance of bramble Rubus fr…

Beckhead Plantation

… a good variety of shrub species including hazel Corylus avellana, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, elder Sambucus nigra, gooseberry Ribes uva-crispa and fly honeysuckle Lonicera xylosteum. The calcareous nature of the brown earth soil overlying chalk is reflected in the rich groun…

Blackmoor Copse

… range of shrub species occur, including privet Ligustrum vulgare, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, alder buckthorn Frangula alnus and sallow Salix spp. The dominants in the field layer tend to be bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta and dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis, with bracke…

Fakenham Wood and Sapiston Great Grove

…us, wild crab apple Malus sylvestris, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora is dominated generally by bramble and bracken with dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis locally abundant on boulder clay. A variety of ancient woodland plants occur on …

Burnt Wood

…e of hazel Corylus avellana and a wider range of woody species including aspen Populus tremula, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, wild cherry Prunus avium and grey willow Salix cinerea. The ground vegetation is dominated by bramble Rubus fruticosus agg, bracken and broad buckler fern Dr…

Cowden Meadow

… the variety of other shrubs and trees present in these hedges are guelder rose Viburnum opulus, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, elder Sambucus nigra and dogwood Cornus sanguinea, as well as much dog rose and brambles. A small stream, shaded by the hedgerow, flows through the eastern …

Drigg Holme

…dantly. Finally the site is divided up by species rich hedges with guelder rose Viburnum opulus and there is a small area of mixed scrub adjacent to the river. This supports willow with ash, oak, hawthorn, blackthorn and sycamore.

Hang Wood

…d ash, field maple and hazel. The understorey is rich and includes guelder rose Viburnum opulus, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and apple Malus sylvestris. The ground flora is dominated by bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta, dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis…

Sheet Hedges Wood

… by the presence of dogwood Cornus sanguinea, Corylus avellana and guelder rose Viburnum opulus, while the ground vegetation contains abundant Mercurialis perennis and lesser celandine Ficaria verna and frequent bugle Ajuga reptans, marsh marigold Caltha palustris, cleavers Galiu…

Denham Lock Wood

… shrubs such as grey willow Salix cinerea and the locally uncommon guelder rose Viburnum opulus also occur and in places form a transitional carr between the woodland and open mire. The open areas of flood plain mire are characterised by plant communities typical of a rich fen ha…

Short Wood

…equently. spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus are scattered throughout the wood. The presence of wild service tree Sorbus torminalis is notable. The ground flora is indicative of the site’s ancient woodland status and contains a …

Coed Trefraith

…x aquifolium, rowan Sorbus aucuparia, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, and extensive carpets of bramble Rubus fruticosus. The ground flora is varied and typically includes dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis, wood sanicle Sanicula europaea, ramsons Allium…

Coed Aberdulas

…w Salix cinerea subsp. oleifolia, downy birch Betula pubescens and guelder-rose Viburnum opulus and a field layer dominated by greater tussock-sedge Carex paniculata. A range of characteristic wetland plants may be found between the sedge tussocks, including common marsh-bedstraw…

Upper Lough Erne - Trannish

…er Alnus glutinosa are dominant, with more notable species such as guelder rose Viburnum opulus and buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica scattered throughout. The ground flora beneath this generally resembles that of the swamp and fen zone. The area contains many vascular plants with a r…

Woolcombe

…ominated by common sallow Salix cinerea and alder Alnus glutinosa. guelder rose Viburnum opulus and red currant Ribes sylvestris are frequent components of the shrub layer and there is a rich ground flora including opposite-leaved golden saxifrage Chrysosplenium oppositifolium, r…

The Coppice, Kelvedon Hatch

…se, with occasional hazel Corylus avellana, holly Ilex aquifolium, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and Blackcurrant Ribes nigrum. The oak hornbeam woodland is dominated by tall hornbeam Carpinus betulus coppice, with occasional coppice stools of pedunculate oak Quercus robur, Ash, s…

Dove Valley and Biggin Dale

…onsiderable amount of hazel and abundant dogwood Cornus sanguinea, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and bird cherry Prunus padus. The presence of some pedunculate oak Quercus robur is of particular interest as it suggests a link between the Derbyshire as…

Fishpool Valley

…ub layer includes hazel Corylus avellana, elder Sambucus nigra and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Of particular interest is an area of hornbeam Carpinus betulus which is very local in western Britain. In the south eastern corner of the site the woodland is dominated by pedunculate…

Weston Fen

…, alder buckthorn Frangula alnus, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora includes many characteristic wet woodland fen species. The whole of the notified area is a hydrological unit. The marginal habitats ensure that the water table in the…

Willoughby Wood

…lime rich soil. The shrub layer includes dogwood Cornus sanguinea, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, goat willow Salix caprea and the occasional thicket of blackthorn Prunus spinosa. The more open canopy has a ground flora dominated by bramble Rubus fruticosus but there is an abunda…

Allt y Wern

…lder Sambucus nigra, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, roses Rosa spp., guelder rose Viburnum opulus and blackthorn Prunus spinosa. Dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis, wood sorrel Oxalis acetosella, creeping buttercup Ranunculus repens and bramble Rubus spp. are the most abundant spec…

Eggardon Hill & Luccas Farm

…re. The shrub layer mainly consists of hazel Corylus avellana with guelder rose Viburnum opulus abundant in the damper areas. Dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis, bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta. Ramsons Allium ursinum and wood false brome Brachypodium sylvaticum provide the do…

Upper Lough Erne - Galloon

…nd alder Alnus glutinosa are dominant, with more notable species such as aspen Populus tremula, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica scattered throughout. The ground flora beneath this often resembles that of the swamp and fen zone. In addition, the area …

Glynn Woods

…f northern wood. Other shrub species include elder Sambucus nigra, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. Where the wooded slopes are exceptionally steep, the shallow soils are unable to support taller trees and extensive stands o…

Hoar Park Wood

…erstorey here is dominated by hazel and patches of young alder and guelder rose Viburnum opulus and the occasional hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The ground flora is dominated by male fern Dryopteris filix-mas and bluebell with tufted hair grass Deschampsia cespitosa, wood sedge Ca…

Broughton Alder Wood

…hanter's nightshade Circaea lutetiana, water avens Geum rivale and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Springs on the periphery of the wood support a carpet of mosses, together with stands of tall herbs including hairy willowherb Epilobium hirsutum, hemp agrimony Eupatorium cannabinum,…

Arnside Knott

…including buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, oak and ash, with bramble Rubus fruticosus and bracken Pteridium aquilinum abundant throughout. Two species of particular interest found within the scrub communities are traveller's …

Hanley Dingle

…ne side woodlands is a sparse shrub layer of elder Sambucus nigra, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The ground flora is dominated in many areas by bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. However, dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis is locally dominant in the base r…

Upton Broad & Marshes

…and includes bog myrtle Myrica gale, creeping willow Salix repens, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and alder buckthorn Frangula alnus. Alder carr occurs in long established areas of woodland on permanently waterlogged soils. Alder Alnus glutinosa and sa…

Vallis Vale

… europaeus, privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Ground flora species usually restricted to ancient woodlands include wood spruge Euphorbia amygdaloides, wood anemone Anemone nemorosa, yellow archangel Lamiastrum galeobdolon and So…

Sexton Wood

… hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, spindle tree Euonymus europaeus and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Coppicing is still continued in the wood and as a result, a diverse ground flora is present. Dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis is dominant with bramble Rubus fruticosus, primrose Pr…

Duncombe Park

…lso of sycamore A. pseudoplatanus, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Of the riverine species, the most notable is the uncommon stonefly Rhabdiopteryx acuminata. Insects associated with the shingle and sandbanks include the rove beetle Philonthus rubr…

Cressbrook Dale

…rubs include bird cherry Prunus padus dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora is dominated by dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis or tufted hair grass Deschampsia cespitosa with a very wide range of other woodland plants. In moist areas ferns an…

Cromford Canal

…elder Sambucus nigra and goat willow Salix caprea and occasionally guelder rose Viburnum opulus. For much of its length the canal has the character of a woodland ride, attracting insects from the woodland to feed on the canal flora. A study of hoverflies Syrphidae has recorded ne…

Redwell Wood

…sior and occasional hornbeam Carpinus betulus, beech Fagus sylvatica and aspen Populus tremula. Mature hazel Corylus avellana is the dominant shrub in much of the wood with hornbeam coppice, elder Sambucus nigra, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and midla…

Birchend

… Euonymus europaeus, red currant Ribes sylvestris, field maple and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The other area of woodland lies on the side of the ridge and is dominated by mature beech Fagus sylvatica, with ash and yew Taxus baccata. Holly Ilex aquifolium, field maple and hazel…

Boynton Willow Garth

… as some introduced species. There are mature individual trees of black poplar Populus nigra thought likely to be native at this site. The shrubs are particularly varied with three species of willow Salis cinerea, Salix viminalis and Salix purpurea, guilder rose Viburnum opulus a…

Arlington Reservoir

…ater and are backed by dense scrub of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and gorse Ulex europaeus. The more open areas support neutral grassland in which the grasses cock's foot Dactylis glomerata, Yorkshire fog Holcus lanatus and…

Coedydd Glannau a Cwm Coel

…ermit species such as enchanter's-nightshade Circaea lutetiana and guelder-rose Viburnum opulus to occur. An unusual species more typical of the generally acidophilous nature of the site is royal fern Osmunda regalis. Old oak trees and decaying logs support an exceptionally rich …

Dibbinsdale

…nd elder are the predominant shrub species in the understorey with guelder rose Viburnum opulus present on the more base rich soils. The ground flora contains abundant ivy and bramble with bracken, creeping soft grass, foxglove and bluebell characteristic of the more acidic soils…

The Flits

…wetter areas crack willow Salix fragilis, sallow Salix cinerea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus are common. Drier parts have hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and hazel Corylus avellana with the occasional spindle Euonymus europaeus and buckthorn Rhamnus cath…

Ashberry and Reins Wood

…hrub layer is mainly composed of hazel Corylus avellana, with some guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground layer is dominated by slender false brome Brachypodium sylvaticum and tufted hair grass Deschampsia cespitosa with dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis and ramsons Allium urs…

Hook Wood

…ed areas lower down, where it combines with sessile oak, hazel and guelder-rose Viburnum opulus to form a sessile oak-hazel-ash woodland. Hart’s-tongue Asplenium scolopendrium often dominates the ground flora in such woodland. The cliffs forming the lower margin of the wood suppo…

Hawthorn Dene

…el Corylus avellana but also includes gooseberry Ribes uva-crispa, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, privet Ligustrum vulgare and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, the last named species forming locally dense thickets on the woodland margin. The ground flora is of a type characteristic of…

Cilcenni Dingle

…stre and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. Other shrub species include guelder-rose Viburnum opulus and spindle Euonymus europaeus. Bramble thickets are widespread. In addition to honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum, other climbers such as black bryony Tamus communis are well represent…

Coed Mynachlog-fawr

…on cow-wheat Melampyrum pratense. In the woodland along the stream guelder-rose Viburnum opulus and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna occur, and alder and sallow are locally abundant by the stream. Clearings in the lower part of the woodland contain small mires, their high bog-moss Sph…

Craig Adwy-wynt a Choed Eyarth House a Chîl-y-groeslwyd

…quifolium, spindle Euonymus europaeus, field maple Acer campestre, guelder-rose Viburnum opulus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare. Yew occurs frequently as a small tree and is also present as saplings amongst the rock outcrops and limestone pavement of C…

River Ise and Meadows

…well represented, with occasional buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Where gaps in the tree cover allow, there are stands of aquatic plants dominated by unbranched bur reed Sparganium emersum, spiked water milfoil Myriophyllum spicatum, yellow water li…

Topley Pike and Deep Dale

…ubs include bird cherry Prunus padus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora is dominated by dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis or tufted hair grass Deschampsia cespitosa with a very wide range of other woodland plants. In moist areas ferns an…

Lower River Conon

…edge Carex paniculata occurs in very wet areas near Easter Moy and guelder rose Viburnum opulus occurs on Garrie Island. Exposed river gravels are an important part of the site, providing niches for regeneration of alder. There are a range of open-water transition fen communities…

Woodshuts Wood

…onymus europaeus. In the wetter parts of the wood, alder Alnus glutinosa aspen Populus tremula and guelder rose Viburnum opulus are present. The ground flora is also diverse, reflecting the variation in soil conditions. Over 170 species of flowering plants have been recorded from…

Marlbank

…b species include blackthorn Prunus spinosa, elder Sambucus nigra, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. The unstable steep slopes below the cliffs tend to be relatively dry with a well developed field layer dominated by ferns such as broad buckler fern Dr…

Dunsby Wood

… europaeus, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, field rose Rosa avensis and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The woodland floor is generally wet, with the exception of two well drained areas where bracken Pteridium aquilinum and creeping soft grass Holcus mollis are dominant. Meadow sweet Fi…

Westhall Wood and Meadow

…ogyna, spindle Euonymus europaeus, crab apple Malus sylvestris and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora is dominated by a large scale mosaic of bramble Rubus sp. and dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis. wood anemone Anemone nemorosa is abundant and other species present …

Lathkill Dale

…The understorey is dominated by hazel with considerable amounts of guelder rose Viburnum opulus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna together with a small population of the rare native shrub mezereon Daphne mezereum. The ground flora is particularly rich and …

Cropple How Mire

…illow Salix spp. with scattered alder buckthorn Frangula alnus and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Yellow flag Iris pseudacorus and the uncommon royal fern Osmunda regalis also occur in the wetter areas within the dense scrub. Towards the centre, dense stands of bog myrtle occur o…

Upper Lough Erne - Crom

…nd alder Alnus glutinosa are dominant, with more notable species such as aspen Populus tremula, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica scattered throughout. The ground flora beneath this often resembles that of the swamp and fen zone. Drier soils support a …

Lough Melvin

…d the exposed fringes of the islands, a more mixed woodland occurs, with aspen Populus tremula. Guelder rose Viburnum opulus, grey willow Salix cinerea, hazel Corylus avalana and alder Alnus glutinosa. The ground flora contains such species as meadow sweet Filipendula ulmaria, pr…

Hildersham Wood

…bs include hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and a number of wild rose species Rosa sp. The ground flora is rich and variable. Dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis and bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta are locally dominant but com…

Halstock Wood

…minates the understorey, with occasional holly Ilex aquifolium and guelder-rose Viburnum opulus. The woodland floor shows a diverse ground flora including bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta, wood anemone Anemone nemorosa, pignut Conopodium majus, sanicle Sanicula europaea, common…

Pwll-du Head and Bishopston Valley

…avellana, spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora consists of bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta, enchanter’s nightshade Circaea lutetiana, sanicle Sanicula europaea, dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis, wood anemone …

Pwll-y-wrach

…ils, such as spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, guelder-rose Viburnum opulus and field maple. hazel Corylus avellana is frequent throughout the wood. Wych elm Ulmus glabra, once frequent, has much decreased recently, due to Dutch elm disease. Small-leaved lime …

Maplehurst Wood

…s monogyna, holly Ilex aquifolium, alder buckthorn Frangula alnus, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, spindle Euonymus europaeus and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare. The ground flora varies with the current state of management but bramble Rubus fruticosus, …

Parkhurst Forest

…nated by hazel commonly with holly, spindle Euonymus europaeus and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora is dominated by bramble Rubus fruticosus and locally bracken Pteridium aquilinum with associated species including enchanters nightshade Circaea lutetiana, wood avens…

Rough Hill & Wirehill Woods

… dominated by oak and ash with patches of field maple Acer campestre and aspen Populus tremula. The understorey here has frequent areas of calcicole lime loving species such as dogwood Cornus sanguinea, privet Ligustrum vulgare and guelder rose Viburnum opulus indicating the pres…

Puckham Woods

…e field maple, wych elm Ulmus glabra, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and holly Ilex aquifolium. The ground flora is very rich with over twenty species indicative of ancient semi natural woodland. In spring, the woodland floor is carpeted with bluebell H…

Kyle of Sutherland Marshes

… scattered hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, hazel Corylus avellana and guelder-rose Viburnum opulus. The field layer typically consists of ferns, grasses, sedges and some flowering herbs, such as; lady fern Athyrium filix-femina, creeping soft-grass Holcus mollis, remote sedge Carex …

Cropton Banks and Howlgate Head Woods

… aquifolium are common throughout the shrub layer, with occasional guelder rose Viburnum opulus, field maple Acer campestre and bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. The woods are strongly influenced by the underlying limestone. Pockets of deeper soil support more acidophilous vegetation…

Lower Wood, Ashwellthorpe

…y the shrub species which include spindle tree Euonymus europaeus, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The ground flora is dominated by bramble Rubus fruticosus and patches of bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta and wood anemone Anemone nemorosa. A well deve…

Doire Donn

…ccur, and the understorey is well-developed, with hazel, holly and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. There is evidence of former coppice management in the form of multiple-stemmed oaks. Some clearings within the woodland are dominated by bracken, whilst others have open gravelly flus…

Longsleddale Woods

…. hazel forms a thick understorey with occasional hawthorn, holly, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and wych elm Ulmus glabra. This association of trees and shrubs indicates comparatively base rich conditions which are also reflected in the composition of the ground flora. Bluebells …

Thriplow Peat Holes

…sa, ash Fraxinus excelsior and willow Salix cinerea, together with guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Herbs include common reed Phragmites australis, herb Bennet Geum urbanum and herb Robert Geranium robertianum. The ferns broad buckler fern Dryopteris dilatata and male fern Dryopteri…

Kingford Fen

…cies being sallows Salix spp. together with alder Alnus glutinosa, guelder-rose Viburnum opulus, gorse Ulex europaeus and bramble Rubus fruticosus. The site is rich in invertebrate species; wood white Leptidea sinapis and marsh fritillary Euphydryas aurinia and two uncommon butt…

Hack Fall Wood

…ll developed shrub layer which includes hazel Corylus avellana and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora is characteristic of old, established woodland with dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis, ramsons Allium ursinum, woodruff Galium odoratum, enchanter's nightshade Circa…

Berkswell Marsh

…b layer of hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora is locally rich with abundant opposite leaved golden saxifrage Chrysosplenium oppositifolium and large bitter cress Cardamine amara and occasional tussocks of greate…

St. Leonard's Forest

…na with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Also included in the site are areas of conifer plantation, largely consisting of Scot's pine Pinus sylvestris and Corsican pine Pinus nigra. The ground flora of the deciduous woodlan…

Hillend Meadow & Orchard

…densis var. serotina pollards, ash pollards Fraxinus excelsior and guelder rose Viburnum opulus occur along the line of the ditch. The site is bounded by species rich hedges on three sides, with hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, silver birch Betula pendula, hazel Corylus avellana and…

Brookheys Covert

…derstorey consists mainly of hazel, holly, hawthorn and occasional guelder rose Viburnum opulus, field rose Rosa arvensis, elder and honeysuckle. Bracken, bluebell, dog's mercury, creeping soft grass, bramble and dog violet are the principal ground flora species with wood sorrel …

Middlesceugh Woods and Pastures

…us, crab apple Malus sylvestris, holly, grey willow Salix cinerea, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and scattered elm Ulmus glabra. However, the major feature of the understorey is the dominance of hazel, much of which is now mature coppice. In the wetter areas the stand or canopy ty…

Narborough Bog

…rangula alnus, rowan Sorbus aucuparia, field maple Acer campestre, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and sloe Prunus spinosa. An exceptionally rich lepidoptera fauna has been recorded from this area of wet woodland and the adjoining reed bed, including severa…

Black Moss

…marginal woodland and scrub with oak, hazel, rowan, blackthorn and guelder rose Viburnum opulus where the ground remains moist. Further east, away from the fen margin, wet birch Betula pendula woodland is associated with the more acid conditions of the transitional zone between …

Coed Dyrysiog

…cludes hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, field maple Acer campestre and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. A very variable ground flora ranges from species-poor communities dominated by bilberry Vaccinium myrtillus with common cow-wheat Melampyrum pratense to species-rich communities inclu…

Strother Hills

…he Coal Measure series, over a shrub layer consisting of scattered guelder rose Viburnum opulus, hazel Corylus avellana and bramble Rubus fruticosus with honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum on drier margins. The flush plant communities of the herb layer vary considerably according …

Beechmill Wood and Pasture

…igra, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, crab apple Malus sylvestris and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Under the oak dominated areas hazel Corylus avellana is abundant. As in other clough woodlands the more acidic upper slopes are species poor and are dominated by creeping soft grass H…

Pinkney and Gerrick Woods

…ts northern limit of distribution in Britain, wych elm, Ulmus glabra and aspen Populus tremula are also present. The shrub layer is well developed, including hazel Corylus avellana, with holly Ilex aquifolium and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna as well as sparsly distributed blacktho…

Monk's Dale

…rubs include bird cherry Prunus padus dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora is dominated by dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis or tufted hair grass Deschampsia cespitosa with a very wide range of other woodland plants. In moist areas ferns an…

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