Gomm Valley

Site of Special Scientific Interest · 51.6216, -0.7050

Condition (Natural England)

Favourable (1)
UnitFeatureConditionArea (ha)Assessed
SU897922 Favourable 4.35 2020-03-02

Geology & landscape

Rock Type: Chalk

Description

Area, 4.12 hectares 10.18 ac Description A tract of herb rich chalk grassland at an advanced stage of reversion to scrub, lying on the west facing slope of a dry valley and flanked along its upper margin by a strip of semi natural deciduous woodland. There is a particularly rich invertebrate fauna and the site is notable for its reptile interest and large flocks of overwintering birds. Heavy use by the public has established a network of footpaths. The site is valuable for demonstrating natural succession from grassland to woodland. The grassland is dominated by upright brome grass Bromus erectus, with an impressive variety of herbs including purging flax Linum catharticum, carline and stemless thistles Carlina vulgaris and Cirsium acaule, squinancywort Asperula cynanchica, small scabious Scabiosa columbaria, common centaury Centaurium erythraea, twayblade Neottia ovata and pyramidal, bee and common spotted orchids Anacamptis pyramidalis, Ophrys apifera and Dactylorhiza fuchsii. Dogwood and hawthorn dominate the scrub and the former is particularly dense where attempts to control it by cutting back encouraged regeneration. Other woody species include privet, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and dog rose Rosa canina. Whitebeam Sorbus aria grows among the scrub, as well as the fringing woodland and in the latter ash, beech, hazel and hornbeam occur, as well as Norway maple and crab apple. The field layer here includes wood melick Melica uniflora, wood millet Milium effusum, hairy brome Bromus ramosa, sanicle Sanicula europaea and nettle leaved bell flower Campanula trachelium. Of particular interest at this site is the fact that over thirty species of butterfly involving monitoring over a period of 25 years and 180 of moth have been recorded, of which the most notable have been a thriving colony of dark green fritillary Argynnis aglaja and a bee hawk moth Hemaris sp. Other butterflies include marbled white Melanargia galatheaa, small, large, dingy and grizzled skipper Thymelicus sylvestris, Ochlodes venata, Erynnis tages and Pyrgus malvae, green hairstreak Callophrys rubi and small blue Cupido minimus. An unusual feature is the population of glow worm Lampyris noctiluca, while the snail fauna includes the calcicolous round mouthed snail Pomatias elegans. Common lizard Lacerta agilis and slow worm Anguis fragilis are regularly seen.

Species mentioned

English name
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Latin name
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IUCN / Red List Type Family
glow-worm Lampyris noctiluca LC beetle glow-worm lampyridae
dark green fritillary Argynnis aglaja Not listed in GB list butterfly nymphalidae
green hairstreak Callophrys rubi LC butterfly lycaenidae
small blue Cupido minimus NT butterfly lycaenidae
dingy skipper Erynnis tages LC butterfly hesperiidae
grizzled skipper Pyrgus malvae VU butterfly hesperiidae
small skipper Thymelicus sylvestris LC butterfly hesperiidae
upright brome Bromus erectus Not listed in GB list grass poaceae
hairy brome Bromus ramosa Not listed in GB list grass poaceae
wood melick Melica uniflora NT grass poaceae
wood millet Milium effusum LC grass poaceae
pyramidal orchid Anacamptis pyramidalis LC herb orchidaceae
squinancywort Asperula cynanchica VU herb rubiaceae
nettle leaved bellflower Campanula trachelium LC herb campanulaceae
carline thistle Carlina vulgaris LC herb asteraceae
common centuary Centaurium erythraea LC herb gentianaceae
dwarf thistle Cirsium acaule VU herb asteraceae
spotted orchids Dactylorhiza fuchsii LC herb orchidaceae
fairy flax Linum catharticum LC herb linaceae
common twayblade Neottia ovata NT herb orchidaceae
bee orchid Ophrys apifera LC herb orchidaceae
dog-rose Rosa canina LC herb rosaceae
sanicle Sanicula europaea LC herb apiaceae
small scabious Scabiosa columbaria LC herb caprifoliaceae
slow worm Anguis fragilis LC reptile anguididae
sand lizard Lacerta agilis EN reptile lacertidae
buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica LC shrub rhamnaceae
wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana LC shrub caprifoliaceae
gelder rose Viburnum opulus LC shrub caprifoliaceae
round mouthed snail Pomatias elegans LC snail pomatiidae
whitebeams Sorbus aria CR tree rosaceae

Plant communities

W20 — Montane scrub

Salix lapponum-Luzula sylvatica scrub

Salix arbuscula, Salix cinerea, Salix lapponum, Salix myrsinites, Salix phylicifolia, Salix reticulata, Empetrum nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Salix lanata, Vaccinium myrtillus, Vaccinium uliginosum, Carex atrata, Carex bigelowii, Carex binervis, Carex flacca, Luzula multiflora, Luzula sylvatica, Huperzia selago, Selaginella selaginoides, Aulacomnium palustre, Mnium hornum, Philonotis fontana, Plagiomnium undulatum, Rhizomnium punctatum, Dicranum bonjeanii, Dicranum majus, Dicranum scoparium, Fissidens adianthoides, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Ctenidium molluscum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum callichroum, Hypnum cupressiforme, Palustriella commutatum, Plagiothecium denticulatum, Plagiothecium undulatum, Pleurozium schreberi, Ptilium crista-castrensis, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Sanionia uncinata, Scorpidium revolvens, Thuidium tamariscinum, Atrichum undulatum, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Sphagnum capillifolium, Sphagnum fallax, Sphagnum girgensohnii, Sphagnum palustre, Sphagnum russowii, Sphagnum squarrosum, Sphagnum subnitens, Sphagnum teres, Barbilophozia barbata, Chiloscyphus polyanthos, Diplophyllum albicans, Lophocolea bidentata, Plagiochila porelloides, Ptilidium ciliare, Scapania undulata, Cladonia squamosa, Peltigera canina, Angelica sylvestris, Caltha palustris, Hieraclium spp., Saussurea alpina, Solidago virgaurea, Campanula rotundifolia, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana officinalis, Rhodiola rosea, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Thymus praecox, Epilobium anagallidifolium, Dactylorhiza viridis, Euphrasia officinalis, Rhinanthus minor, Oxalis acetosella, Oxyria digyna, Polygonum viviparum, Rumex acetosa, Anemone nemorosa, Ranunculus acris, Thalictrum alpinum, Alchemilla alpina, Alchemilla glabra, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum rivale, Galium boreale, Galium saxatile, Saxifraga aizoides, Saxifraga hypnoides, Saxifraga oppositifolia, Saxifraga stellaris, Viola riviniana, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Nardus stricta, Dryopteris dilatata, Phegopteris connectilis

W21 — Hedgerow scrub, Mixed scrub

Crataegus monogyna-Hedera helix scrub

Hedera helix, Salix cinerea, Acer pseudoplatanus, Ilex aquifolium, Betula pendula, Corylus avellana, Fagus sylvatica, Quercus robur, Fraxinus excelsior, Malus sylvestris, Sorbus aria, Taxus baccata, Ulmus glabra, Ulmus procera, Sambucus nigra, Viburnum lantana, Euonymus europaeus, Cornus sanguinea, Juniperus communis, Ligustrum vulgare, Clematis vitalba, Rhamnus cathartica, Crataegus laevigata, Crataegus monogyna, Prunus spinosa, Juncus effusus, Plagiomnium undulatum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Kindbergia praelonga, Rhynchostegium confertum, Tamus communis, Heracleum sphondylium, Torilis japonica, Arum maculatum, Arctium minus, Cirsium arvense, Lonicera periclymenum, Moehringia trinervia, Silene dioica, Stellaria graminea, Stellaria holostea, Stellaria media agg., Calystegia sepium, Mercurialis perennis, Geranium robertianum, Iris foetidissima, Glechoma hederacea, Lamium purpureum, Origanum vulgare, Stachys sylvatica, Teucrium scorodonia, Allium ursinum, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Circaea lutetiana, Rumex sanguineus, Anemone nemorosa, Ranunculus repens, Fragaria vesca, Geum urbanum, Potentilla sterilis, Poterium sanguisorba, Rosa arvensis, Rosa canina, Rubia peregrina, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium aparine, Urtica dioica, Viola riviniana, Anisantha sterilis, Arrhenatherum elatius, Brachypodium pinnatum, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Bromopsis erecta, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia repens, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Poa trivialis, Asplenium scolopendrium, Pteridium aquilinum, Dryopteris filix-mas

W22 — Hedgerow scrub, Mixed scrub

Prunus spinosa-Rubus fruticosus scrub

Hedera helix, Acer campestre, Corylus avellana, Ulex europaeus, Prunus spinosa, Plagiomnium undulatum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Eurhynchium striatum, Kindbergia praelonga, Thuidium tamariscinum, Atrichum undulatum, Lophocolea bidentata, Achillea millefolium, Cardamine flexuosa, Lonicera periclymenum, Moehringia trinervia, Silene dioica, Silene uniflora, Stellaria media agg., Mercurialis perennis, Geranium robertianum, Stachys sylvatica, Teucrium scorodonia, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Oxalis acetosella, Digitalis purpurea, Plantago lanceolata, Veronica chamaedrys, Armeria maritima, Rumex acetosa, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum urbanum, Rosa canina, Rubus fruticosus agg., Rubus idaeus, Galium aparine, Urtica dioica, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Poa trivialis, Asplenium scolopendrium, Pteridium aquilinum, Dryopteris borreri, Dryopteris filix-mas