Mappp.co geology and wildlife sites

Clayton to Offham Escarpment

…ackthorn Prunus spinosa, whitebeam Sorbus aria, hazel Corylus avellana, spindle Euonymus europaeus and gorse Ulex europaeus all occur. The woodland is variable but often rather scrubby with the dominant species including ash Fraxinus excelsior, oak Quercus robur, sycamore Acer p…

Cranmore

…Scrub species include blackthorn Prunus spinosa, sallows Salix spp., gorse Ulex europaeus, bramble Rubus fruticosus, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, spindle Euonymus europaeus, alder buckthorn Frangula Alnus and birch Betula spp. Mature woodland is dominated by pedunculate oak Querc…

Rack Hill

… include wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, spindle Euonymus europaeus and privet Ligustrum vulgare. Gorse Ulex europaeus occurs as several extensive thickets; some of which are recently established. More mature scrub of hawthorn, oak and ash grades in…

Throope Down

…ly rich with buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spindle Euonymus europaeus occurring amongst the widespread hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and gorse Ulex europaeus. Associated with the scrub is hound's tongue Cynoglossum officinale. Small areas of scrub are d…

Purn Hill

…of mixed scrub with privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spindle Euonymus europaeus, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa and patches of gorse Ulex europaeus on more leached soils. The scrub grades into immature secondary woodland dominated by …

Wenlock Edge

…m. The flora of Edge Wood includes two uncommon species, wood barley Hordelymus europaeus and violet helleborine Epipactis purpurata. Scrub communities are found mainly on old quarry sites. hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, dog rose Rosa canina, birch Betula sp., spindle Euonymus euro…

Esgyrn Bottom

… trees are scattered on boundary banks. Wood melick Melica uniflora and spindle Euonymus europaeus occur in Esgyrn Wood, where ancient intrusive rock outcrops. The wood is deer-fenced and grazed by red deer Cervus elaphus. Unwooded slopes support scattered European gorse Ulex eur…

Clearbury Down

…outhwest where dense mature scrub includes hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, spindle Euonymus europaeus and blackthorn Prunus spinosa and forms a complex habitat mosaic with patches of species rich grassland. Woodland plants that exist under the scrub include enchanter's nightshade Ci…

Hackhurst and White Downs

… birch Betula pendula, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, yew Taxus baccata and spindle Euonymus europaeus. Hackhurst Down supports the only sizeable population of juniper Juniperus communis remaining on the North Downs which supports thirteen invertebrates reliant on this species. Ther…

Anston Stones Wood

…n in the understorey with less frequently buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, spindle Euonymus europaeus and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare. The field layer which is largely dominated by dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis, enchanter's nightshade Circaea lutetiana and ivy Hedera helix co…

Hamps and Manifold Valleys

…hrubs including dogwood Cornus sanguinea, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, spindle Euonymus europaeus and occasional buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica. In the wet valley bottoms there are good examples of stands of alder Alnus glutinosa with an understorey of bird cherry Prunus padus. Th…

Bouldnor and Hamstead Cliffs

…ns many species of base rich soils such as privet Ligustrum vulgare and spindle Euonymus europaeus. The ground flora retains several species of old woodlands such as primroses Primula vulgaris and enchanter’s nightshade Circaea lutetiana. The woodland on acid soils contains many…

Darenth Wood

…ype and locally acidic conditions favour broom Cytisus scoparius and gorse Ulex europaeus. The shallow chalk soils at the base of the slopes support sessile oak hornbeam Carpinus betulus woodland. This particular type of woodland is very rare in Britain, being known only from Nor…

Prestatyn Hillside

… false oat grass Arrhenatherum elatius and scrub dominated by common gorse Ulex europaeus is widespread in these areas. Calcareous heath with bell heather Erica cinerea; ling Calluna vulgaris and western gorse Ulex gallii is present locally. Calcareous scrub communities dominate …

Hill Hole Dingle

…egus monogyna, wild privet Ligustrumvulgare, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, spindle Euonymus europaeus holly Ilex aquifolium, yew Taxus baccata and several other lime loving species. The ground flora contains many locally uncommon species including broad leaved helleborine Epipactis …

Halesend Wood

…eral characteristic calcicole species such as dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spindle Euonymus europaeus and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare. Amongst the locally uncommon plants found in the ground flora are wild daffodil Narcissus pseudonarcissus, toothwort Lathraea squamaria, southern …

Nicholaston Wood

…cur throughout including hazel Corylus avellana, wych elm Ulmus glabra, spindle Euonymus europaeus and sycamore saplings. The base-rich nature of the soils is reflected in the field layer, which comprises a mix of ivy Hedera helix, dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis, hart’s-tongu…

The Flits

…icum autumnale. An outstanding feature is the presence of globe flower Trollius europaeus which is here near the southern limit of its range in Britain. The hedgerows and associated colonising scrub communities which have partially invaded the grassland contribute to the site’s o…

Midford Valley Woods

… maple Acer campestre, holly Ilex aquifolium, privet Ligustrum vulgare, spindle Euonymus europaeus and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The straggling wild clematis Clematis vitalba grow vigorously and is locally frequent. Most of the woodland floor is carpeted by a diverse herb layer c…

Over and Lawn Woods

…lus avellana and field maple Acer campestre as coppice. Shrubs include spindle Euonymus europaeus, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana. honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum is also frequently found. The ground flora is characteristically of the dog’s me…

Coedydd Afon Menai

…ude yellow-wort Blackstonia perfoliata, wild madder Rubia Peregrina and spindle Euonymus europaeus. The western section of woodland, including Coed Mair, Coed y Mor and Coed Crawley, typically supports sessile oak and ash dominated woodland with hazel, ash, guelder-rose Viburnum …

Coed Dolgarrog

…llana with some Holly Ilex aquifolium, rowan Sorbus aucuparia and a few spindle Euonymus europaeus -is well developed in some parts of the wood but absent from others. The Ardda alderwood on the north bank of the Afon Ddu represents a type of woodland previously more common at th…

Linby Quarries

…ersity for a north Midlands locality and includes such plant species as spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica among many others. Other features of interest in these western quarries are small areas of calcareous grassland and also a…

Max Bog

…ogyna with occasional hazel Corylus avellana, wych elm Ulmus glabra and spindle Euonymus europaeus. Most of the hedges are tall with trees of ash Fraxinus excelsior, oak Quercus sp. and willows Salix spp. Fast running streams dissect the site and are well vegetated, with fool’s …

Milden Thicks

…ataegus monogyna and Crataegus laevigata, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, spindle Euonymus europaeus and dogwood Cornus sanguinea present. The ground flora, although dominated by bramble Rubus sp has an equal variety of species including violet helleborine Epipactis purpurata, bird…

Gawdyhall Big Wood, Harleston

…re frequent throughout the stands and include dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spindle Euonymus europaeus, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and a single specimen of wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana at its only known Norfolk station. The wood is notable for the abundance of large oak standard…

Craig Adwy-wynt a Choed Eyarth House a Chîl-y-groeslwyd

…hes of acid (calcifugous) grassland, bracken Pteridium aquilinum and gorse Ulex europaeus, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa scrub. Woodland glades provide habitat for limestone woundwort, whereas the patchwork of grassland, bracken and scrub is the mosaic…

De Porth Sain Ffraid / St Bride's Bay South

… the oak is low-growing, with an understorey of hazel Corylus avellana, spindle Euonymus europaeus, ivy Hedera helix and honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum. Much of the field layer is dominated by great wood-rush Luzula sylvatica or fern species. More notable plants include wood s…

Hawkswick Wood

…nd shrubs such as yew Taxus baccata, rock whitebeam Sorbus rupicola and spindle Euonymus europaeus, but also species characteristic of dry conditions notably blue sesleria Sesleria caeruleae, small scabious Scabiosa columbaria and the ferns, hart's tongue Asplenium scolopendrium,…

Woodshuts Wood

…Prunus avium, crab apple Malus sylvestris, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spindle Euonymus europaeus. In the wetter parts of the wood, alder Alnus glutinosa aspen Populus tremula and guelder rose Viburnum opulus are present. The ground flora is also diverse, reflecting the variatio…

Frithy and Chadacre Wood

…m Carpinus betulus, crab apple Malus sylvestris, holly Ilex aquifolium, spindle Euonymus europaeus and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The woods contain wych elm Ulmus glabra and several patches of Lineage and invasive elm Ulmus spp, but nearly all the elm has succumbed to disease. The…

Alder Carr

…mus glabra also occur. Shrubs such as guelder rose Viburnum opulus and spindle Euonymus europaeus, typical of fen carr, are also present, together with hop Humulus lupulus, small teasel Dipsacus pilosus and red currant Ribes sylvestris. In the ground flora under the wet alder wo…

Martin and Tidpit Downs

…conditions which permit the development of ling Calluna vulgaris and gorse Ulex europaeus. The heath contains calcifuges such as bell heather Erica cinerea, heath bedstraw Galium saxatile, sheep’s sorrel Rumex acetosella, dwarf gorse Ulex minor, common bent Agrostis capillaris, t…

Whittlewood Forest

…nea, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, traveller’s joy Clematis vitalba and spindle Euonymus europaeus. The more acid* sites, with a continuous history of woodland cover from the Middle Ages or before. Clay where overlying patches of glacial sand and gravel occur, normally lacks fie…

Upper Lough Erne - Belleisle

…cies and alder Alnus glutinosa are dominant, with other species such as spindle Euonymus europaeus and guelder rose Viburnum opulus scattered throughout. buckthorn Rhamus cathartica is frequent in the area, although it is a scarce plant in Northern Ireland. The ground flora benea…

Riddlesdown

…quent components, with other typical calcareous scrub species including spindle Euonymus europaeus, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana. This is also one of the few remaining localities in Greater London for juniper Juniperus…

King's Wood and Urchin Wood

…which also includes hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, holly Ilex aquifolium, spindle Euonymus europaeus, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spurge laurel Daphne laureola and buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica. The field layer is variabl…

Wendlebury Meads and Mansmoor Closes

…a total of 14 species recorded including field maple Acer campestre and spindle Euonymus europaeus, both of which are often associated with long established hedges. The bird fauna of Wendlebury Meads includes breeding snipe and curlew. Other species recorded include golden plover…

Saltburn Gill

…uifolium, gooseberry Ribes uva-crispa, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and spindle Euonymus europaeus. Dense patches of regenerating sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus are also present. The species rich ground flora varies considerably throughout with the nature of underlying soils. Towar…

Tiddesley Wood

…ckering English elm Ulmus procera. Wild service tree Sorbus torminalis, spindle Euonymus europaeus and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana are also present. In the past there have been attempts to replant parts of the wood with conifers. These have been generally unsuccessful and in …

Wellington Wood

… Taxus baccata, wild cherry Prunus avium, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and both native hawthorns Crataegus monogyna and Crataegus laevigata. A particular feature of the wood is the presence of some very fine ancient pollarded …

Lower Wood, Ashwellthorpe

…ous nature of the soil is shown by the shrub species which include spindle tree Euonymus europaeus, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The ground flora is dominated by bramble Rubus fruticosus and patches of bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta and wood anem…

Duncton to Bignor Escarpment

…treme south of the site where a small area of dense scrub also includes spindle Euonymus europaeus. The spring which rises at the bottom of Glatting Hanger supports a rich marginal vegetation including opposite leaved golden saxifrage Chrysosplenium oppositifolium. The invertebr…

Knocking Hoe

… Crataegus monogyna and rose Rosa species co-dominant. Also present are spindle Euonymus europaeus, privet Ligustrum vulgare and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana. Re presentation of details approved by Council. Re typed October 1998.

Bradfield Woods

…crab apple Malus sylvestris, midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, spindle tree Euonymus europaeus and holly Ilex aquifolium. A number of older, pollard trees are found on the boundary banks. An immensely rich flora has developed under the influence of coppicing. Dog’s mercury Me…

Woldingham & Oxted Downs

…ria, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare and spindle Euonymus europaeus. The ground vegetation is composed of dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis with occasional twayblade orchid Neottia ovata. In many areas of the site scrub has developed further into s…

Hack Fall Wood

…ditions are wettest alder Alnus glutinosa, bird cherry Prunus padus and spindle Euonymus europaeus are common and the ground flora is particularly rich being dominated by meadowsweet Filipendula ulmaria, great horsetail Equisetum telmateia, pendulous sedge Carex pendula and tufte…

Fakenham Wood and Sapiston Great Grove

…with hazel and sallow Salix caprea agg. Associated shrubs include spindle tree Euonymus europaeus, wild crab apple Malus sylvestris, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora is dominated generally by bramble and bracken with dog's mercury Mercu…

Combs Wood

…l developed and includes hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, midland hawthorn, spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora beneath this woodland type is rich and varied and has shown a good response to the recent reintroduction…

Quarry Farm Meadow

…s monogyna, pedunculate oak Quercus robur, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spindle Euonymus europaeus.

Sea Wood

… Ligustrum vulgare, holly Ilex aquifolium, goat willow Salix caprea and spindle Euonymus europaeus. Wych elm Ulmus glabra becomes common towards the north and west of the wood, forming mixed stands of ash, sessile oak, hairy birch Betula pubescens, sycamore and wild cherry Prunus…

Upper Wharfedale

…. Shrubs occasionally present include wild privet Ligustrum vulgare and spindle Euonymus europaeus. Dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis often dominates the ground flora but also present are species for which Upper Wharfedale is particularly important, the nationally scarce angular…

Graig Fawr

…maple Acer campestre, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, wych elm Ulmus glabra, spindle Euonymus europaeus and rowan Sorbus aucuparia. Below, a rich ground-flora of characteristic woodland plants includes dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis, wood melick Melica uniflora, wood false-brome B…

Trundley and Wadgell's Woods, Great Thurlow

…hout. Other shrub species include midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, spindle Euonymus europaeus and Wild Apple Malus sylvestris. The ground vegetation of the ancient woodlands is dominated by dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis and brambles Rubus spp with bluebells Hyacinthoide…

Ebernoe Common

…less mature woodland of field maple Acer campestre, oak, hazel and ash. spindle Euonymus europaeus is present and the ground flora includes early purple orchid Orchis mascula and greater butterfly orchid Platanthera chlorantha. Wild service tree is a frequent component in the oak…

Eaglehead and Bloodstone Copses

…maple Acer campestre coppice with a variety of calcicole shrubs such as spindle Euonymus europaeus and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana. The dense shade shed by the canopy and shrub layer has suppressed the ground flora which is dominated by the shade tolerant dog’s mercury Mercur…

Kennet Valley Alderwoods

…orn Crataegus monogyna and guelder rose Viburnum opulus with occasional spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica. The wettest parts support yellow flag Iris pseudacorus, lesser pond sedge Carex acutiformis, water horsetail Equisetum fl…

Rabbit Wood

…ecies including hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, spindle Euonymus europaeus and privet Ligustrum vulgare. The ground flora is rich and varied and includes a number of species uncommon in this part of the West Midlands, such as herb paris Paris quadrifolia, …

Southmoor Farm

…tinosa and aspen Populus tremula and the shrubs hazel Corylus avellana, spindle Euonymus europaeus and eared willow Salix aurita. The local broad-leaved helleborine Epipactis helleborine is among the woodland herbs present. Butterflies present include the scarce marsh fritillary…

Tindall Wood, Ditchingham

…h scattered Ash, field maple Acer campestre and hazel Corylus avellana. spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata are frequent shrubs on the heaviest soils where there is also a rich ground flora. D…

Whitevine Meadows

…bs present include the calcium loving species privet Ligustrum vulgare, spindle Euonymus europaeus and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The scrub provides nest sites for several species of bird, including nightingale Luscinia megarhynchos. Clearings within the scrub support a mixed flor…

Wickenby Wood

…erstorey. Wild service Sorbus torminalis, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, spindle Euonymus europaeus and alder buckthorn Frangula alnus are all associated with the alkaline soils. The ground flora is dominated over large areas by dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis though in the wes…

Stock Wood Meadows

…ataegus monogyna, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, field maple Acer campestre, spindle Euonymus europaeus, pedunculateoak Quercus robur and elder Sambucus nigra.

Sulham and Tidmarsh Woods and Meadows

…ash, birch, gean, oak, hazel, willows, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and spindle Euonymus europaeus. Locally there are small plantations of poplar Populus sp., some with a few conifers. A number of compartments are actively coppiced and all the copses support a rich ground flora w…

Aldbury Nowers

…nogyna, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spindle tree Euonymus europaeus to produce a mosaic of scrub and grassland, which is important for some invertebrate species. In the more open areas the sward is dominated by red fescue Festuca rubra and sheep’s …

Great Breach and Copley Woods

…num lantana, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spindle Euonymus europaeus. The ground flora is also of interest; with many species usually associated with ancient woodlands such as Spurge laurel Daphne laureola, herb paris Paris quadrifolia, sanicle Sanic…

Upper Hall Farm Quarry and Grassland

…imeter of the site mainly associated with old hedgerows. Shrubs include spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica. Ash Fraxinus excelsior is the main species in the canopy of the small area of woodland. The mosaic of woodland, scrub an…

Hanger Wood

… locally forms dense thickets while wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and spindle Euonymus europaeus are mainly restricted to the wood margins. Dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis and bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta characteristically dominate the ground flora with bramble Rubus …

Hintlesham Woods

… amongst the more notable species are wild crab apple Malus sylvestris, spindle Euonymus europaeus, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, alder buckthorn Frangula alnus, midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata and the uncommon wild service tree Sorbus torminalis. The ground flora is domina…

Underlaid Wood

…canina. Wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and spindle Euonymus europaeus are scattered throughout the pavements but rarely grow to any size. The wooded pavements on the southern and western side of the wood are dominated by a yew and small leaved lime Ti…

Garth Wood

…d, including frequent wych elm Ulmus glabra, hazel Corylus avellana and spindle Euonymus europaeus. The field layer includes locally abundant ramsons Allium ursinum and hart’s tongue fern Asplenium scolopendrium, with bluebell, dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis and ivy. Also pre…

Forest Banks

…hrubs such as dogwood Cornus sanguinea, crab apple Malus sylvestris and spindle Euonymus europaeus. hazel Corylus avellana, occurs commonly across the scarp. At the base of the slope and in the valley bottoms alder Alnus glutinosa is prominent and a further type of alder wood occ…

Coed y Gell and Morfa Dulas

…asic cornstone bands in the Old Red Sandstone and shrub species such as spindle Euonymus europaeus, characteristic of base-rich conditions are present. The canopy trees include ash Fraxinus excelsior, wych elm Ulmus glabra and sessile oak Quercus petraea. Much of the wood is inac…

Newtown Harbour

…us soils such as privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spindle Euonymus europaeus. There are a number of species associated with old woodlands such as butcher’s broom Ruscus aculeatus, bluebells Hyacinthoides non-scripta and wood anemone Anemone nemorosa. Example…

Long Meadow, Thorn

…h facing bank has developed a rich mixed scrub community which includes spindle Euonymus europaeus, purging buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. This bank with its scrub communities provides cover for an extensive badger sett. The meadow has been selected as…

Sexton Wood

…hrub species present include midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, spindle tree Euonymus europaeus and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Coppicing is still continued in the wood and as a result, a diverse ground flora is present. Dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis is dominant with b…

Higher Houghton

…ecies including dogwood Cornus sanguinea, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, spindle Euonymus europaeus and whitebeam Sorbus aria, the scrub communities show strong affinities to those of central southern England. Swards of more neutral/acid character with high contents of creeping b…

Sheepleas

…egus monogyna, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, spindle Euonymus europaeus and hazel has encroached on the chalk grassland in many parts of the site. Associated with the scrub communities are two plants which are uncommon in Surrey, pale St John's wort Hyp…

Axmouth to Lyme Regis Under Cliffs

… thick understorey of hazel Corylus avellana, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spindle Euonymus europaeus, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and other shrub species. There is a mosaic of developing woodland and scrub, together with abundant climbers, notably traveller's joy Clematis vitalba and…

Burderop Wood

…ncluding wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, spindle Euonymus europaeus, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. Red currant Ribes sylvestris occurs widely while coppiced hazel Corylus avellana predominates towards the northern ed…

Barton Hills

…or occurs in the beech high forest over a shrub layer comprising hazel, spindle Euonymus europaeus, yew Taxus baccata and elder Sambucus nigra. Sweet chestnut Castanea sativa is locally common. Dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis completely carpets some areas of the woodland floor…

Blackwater Valley

… composed of alder with oak and occasional ash, hawthorn, holly, hazel, spindle Euonymus europaeus, goat willow Salix caprea and honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum in the shrub layer. the ground flora includes dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis, wood anemone Anemone nemorosa, bugl…

Aller and Beer Woods

…ncluding guelder rose Viburnum opulus, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, spindle Euonymus europaeus, Dog wood Cornus sanguinea, privet Ligustrum vulgare and spurge laurel Daphne laureola. The ground flora varies in conjunction with difference in soils, which are derived from rocks…

Out and Plunder Woods

…rum vulgare, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spindle Euonymus europaeus. The ground flora is typically of dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis, bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta and oxlip Primula elatior, together with areas dominated by low bramble Rubu…

Cilcenni Dingle

…monogyna. Other shrub species include guelder-rose Viburnum opulus and spindle Euonymus europaeus. Bramble thickets are widespread. In addition to honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum, other climbers such as black bryony Tamus communis are well represented. The vegetation of the wo…

Botley Wood and Everett's and Mushes Copses

…ne extreme to calcicoles like enchanter’s nightshade Circaea lutetiana, spindle Euonymus europaeus and glaucous sedge Carex flacca at the other. Most rides are dominated by grasses, but all include abundant herbs, sedges and rushes. Commonly occurring flowers include devil’s bit …

Coedydd Abergwynant

…ects this difference and on the most basic soil the locally rare shrub, spindle Euonymus europaeus is recorded. Coedydd Abergwynant is an important site for bryphytes and ferns, among the latter shield fern Polystichum setiferum and Tunbridge filmy fern Hymenophyllum tunbrigense…

Wettenhall and Darnhall Woods

…n Prunus spinosa and elder Sambucus nigra. dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spindle Euonymus europaeus are also present but are infrequent. On the upper slopes of the wood creeping soft grass Holcus mollis, male fern and broad buckler fern Dryopteris filix-mas and Dryopteris dilatata…

Goblin Combe

…b layer is variable with hazel Corylus avellana, wych elm Ulmus glabra, spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and privet Ligustrum vulgare abundant in many areas. The ground flora is dominated by dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis but other species attain local do…

Cissbury Ring

…taegus monogyna, privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spindle Euonymus europaeus. Elsewhere, scrub invasion is more scattered particularly in the area occupied by the old flint mines. There are several juniper bushes Juniperus communis to the north of the Ring. …

Purbeck Ridge (East)

… contains maple Acer campestre, hazel Corylus avellana and occasionally spindle Euonymus europaeus. The ground flora is rich in species characteristic of ancient woods and diversity is provided by the varied soil conditions overlying the chalk and clay. The highest slopes support…

Gallt Llanerch - Coed Gelli-deg

…r, with occasional rowan Sorbus aucuparia, goat willow Salix caprea and spindle Euonymus europaeus. The typical ground flora, with many species indicative of ancient woodland, includes moschatel Adoxa moschatellina, woodruff Galium odoratum, sanicle Sanicula europaea and wood mil…

Cwm Clydach, Cydweli

…se-enriched with much more ash and wych elm Ulmus glabra, and also some spindle Euonymus europaeus in the understorey. Here the ground flora has abundant wood anemone Anemone nemorosa, woodruff Galium odoratum, early dog violet Viola reichenbachiana, early purple orchid Orchis ma…

Upper Fal Estuary and Woods

…maculatum, greater burdock Arctium lappa and hard rush Juncus inflexus. spindle Euonymus europaeus, alder buckthorn Frangula alnus and Cornish elm Ulmus minor subsp. angustifolia occur within the underwood. A number of mosses and liverworts typical of ancient woods in the southw…

Charterhouse to Eashing

…ry Prunus avium. The sparse scrub layer includes holly Ilex aquifolium, spindle Euonymus europaeus, elder Sambucus nigra and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, with a ground flora consisting largely of dogs mercury Mercurialis perennis and ivy Hedera helix. Some of the woods were domin…

Meathop Woods and Quarry

…ies, including yew Taxus baccata, purging buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, spindle Euonymus europaeus, traveller’s joy Clematis vitalba and honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum. The ground flora is varied, brambles Rubus fruticosus agg. and dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennisare abundan…

Roudsea Wood & Mosses

…ccur as well as a number of species such as field maple Acer campestre, spindle Euonymus europaeus, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and wild service tree Sorbus torminalis which grow at or near their northern British limits. The soils here are shallow and are interspersed with block…

Dunsby Wood

…a, midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, spindle Euonymus europaeus, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, field rose Rosa avensis and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The woodland floor is generally wet, with the exception of two well drained areas where bracken…

The Cheddar Complex

…nd dwarf thistle. Heath species such as heather Calluna vulgaris and gorse Ulex europaeus are well represented and bracken Pteridium aquilinum is often locally dominant. An unusually large number of rare plant species occur. Many grow on the rocky outcrops and steep scree slopes …

Lympne Escarpment

…alcareous nature of the soil is shown by the presence of shrubs such as spindle Euonymus europaeus, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and privet Ligustrum vulgare. The ground flora is mostly dominated by brambles Rubus fruticosus but other plants present include stinking iris Iris …

Llanddulas Limestone and Gwrych Castle Wood

…sland and heath are stands of bracken Pteridium aquilinum and common gorse Ulex europaeus, often where land is least accessible to grazing animals. The broad-leaved woodland at Craig y Forwyn is on an Ancient Woodland Site whereas that of Gwrych Castle Wood is on an Ancient Repla…

Coverack to Porthoustock

…nt Agrostis curtisii, purple moor-grass, bell heather Erica cinerea, gorse Ulex europaeus, western gorse Ulex gallii, dropwort Filipendula vulgaris and wild thyme Thymus polytrichus subsp. arcticus. The hybrid violet Viola lactea 3 riviniana is also found in these stands. The fo…

Langford Heathfield

…ifolium and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna are scattered throughout, while spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus are restricted to areas with more calcareous soils. Dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis or bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scrip…

Halsdon

…long with downy birch Betula pubescens, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and spindle Euonymus europaeus. Wych elm Ulmus glabra occurs in some parts, particularly on the lower slopes. The ground flora is more diverse, with enchanter’s nightshade Circaea lutetiana, bugle Ajuga reptans, …

Vann Lake and Ockley Woods

…, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata and spindle Euonymus europaeus. Around the edge of Vann Lake and within the gill there are stands of alder Alnus glutinosa, with common sallow Salix cinerea and elder Sambucus nigra. The diverse ground flora vari…

Park Wood

…me stands of sessile oak, with a shrub layer of hazel, hawthorn, rowan, spindle Euonymus europaeus and guelder-rose Viburnum opulus. In addition to the typical wetland herb species of the wetter areas, the diverse herb layer here includes dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis, herb …

Thrang Wood

…nt include hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, crab apple Malus sylvestris and spindle Euonymus europaeus. Yew woodland is a rare habitat of international importance. The grikes of wooded pavements support shade tolerant plants such as herb Robert Geranium robertianum, dog’s mercury Mer…

Broughton Far Wood

…are locally prominent. The shrub understorey is particularly rich, with spindle Euonymus europaeus, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and hazel Corylus avellana. The ground flora is dominated by dog's me…

Brown's Folly

…rassy banks and many of the disused quarries. dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spindle Euonymus europaeus, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and yew Taxus baccata are common. The scrub grades into unimproved calcareous grassland dominated by upright brome Br…

Dole Wood

…common and midland hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and Crataegus laevigata, spindle Euonymus europaeus, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Where the soil is wetter and more acidic the herbs are characterised by wood sage Teucrium scorodonia and wood sorrel Ox…

Fivehead Woods and Meadow

…ustrum vulgare, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, spindle Euonymus europaeus and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora in the woods is dominated by dog's mercury and bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta with abundant ivy Hedera helix in places. The t…

Math and Elsea Wood

…ustrum vulgare, crab apple Malus sylvestris, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, spindle Euonymus europaeus, goat willow Salix caprea, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Both woodlands have a rich ground flora, with the species composition tending to vary with soil…

Coed Llechwedd

… elm Ulmus glabra and hazel Corylus avellana, occasional shrubs such as spindle Euonymus europaeus and flowering plants including Ramsons Allium ursinum and sweet woodruff Galium odoratum. An uncommon subspecies of wood stitchwort Stellaria nemorum ssp. glochidisperma is recorded…

Bodkin Hazel Wood

…rnum opulus, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spindle Euonymus europaeus, yew Taxus baccata, cherry Prunus avium and holly Ilex aquifolium. The ground flora is notably diverse. Dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis carpets the woodland, together with primro…

Hillend Meadow & Orchard

…aegus monogyna, silver birch Betula pendula, hazel Corylus avellana and spindle Euonymus europaeus. The grassland also supports the dark bush cricket Pholidoptera griseoaptera and common blue butterfly Polyommatus icarus, while slow worm Anguis fragilis, grass snake Natrix natri…

Bugbrooke Meadows

…s, both species of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and Crataegus laevigata, spindle Euonymus europaeus and buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica. Some of the adjoining fields are also very interesting botanically, but although still part of the same management unit are not as species rich as…

Badsaddle, Withmale Park and Bush Walk Woods

…nogyna and some dogwood Cornus sanguinea, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, spindle Euonymus europaeus and midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata also occur. The ground flora is dominated by dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis, bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta and locally ramsons Alli…

Chinnor Hill

…ambucus nigra, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, spindle Euonymus europaeus, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, hazel Corylus avellana and traveller's joy Clematis vitalba. Mixed deciduous woodland h…

Little Paxton Wood

… vulgare, crab apple Malus sylvestris, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, spindle Euonymus europaeus and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora is heavily influenced by the soil moisture content. In the drier parts there are continuous carpets of dog’s mercury Mercurialis p…

Whippendell Wood

…, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and wild cherry Prunus avium with occasional spindle Euonymus europaeus. The ground flora is typical of such conditions and is dominated by Yorkshire fog Holcus lanatus, bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta, honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum and bracken P…

Lady's Wood and Viaduct Meadow

…y of coppiced hazel Corylus avellana together with other shrubs such as spindle Euonymus europaeus. The ground flora is rich in species which are indicative of ancient woodland and includes: primrose Primula vulgaris, early purple orchid Orchis mascula, yellow archangel Lamiastru…

Short Wood

…wthorn Crataegus monogyna and Crataegus laevigata occurring frequently. spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus are scattered throughout the wood. The presence of wild service tree Sorbus torminalis is notable. The ground flora is in…

Middlebarrow

…us communis and dog rose Rosa canina. Wild privet Ligustrum vulgare and spindle Euonymus europaeus are scattered throughout the pavement but rarely grow to any size. The wooded pavements are dominated by ash and hazel with occasional yew and small leaved lime Tilia cordata. Here …

Coed Tremadog

…rock stone-crop Sedum forsterianum, native privet Ligustrum vulgare and spindle Euonymus europaeus occur. great broom-rape Orobanche rapum-genistae grows close by Craig y Dref, and the uncommon liverworts Jubula hutchinsiae and Marchesinia mackaii are recorded. Remarks: The site…

Quoile

…sections. The area contains many scarce plants. Notable species include spindle Euonymus europaeus, adder's-tongue Ophioglossum vulgatum, nodding bur marigold Bidens cernua, trifid bur marigold Bidens tripartita, flowering rush Butomus umbellatus, slender spike rush Eleocharis un…

Edwardstone Woods

…ata, honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum, crab apple Malus sylvestris and spindle Euonymus europaeus. The ground flora is dominated by glades of bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta with bramble Rubus fruticosus and male fern Dryopteris filix-mas locally abundant. Stallington Wood …

Oxenber and Wharfe Woods

… spurge laurel Daphne laureola. Certain woodland shrub species, such as spindle Euonymus europaeus and dogwood Cornus sanguinea appear to be confined to the crags, possibly because these represent an ungrazed relic of ancient woodland from which other trees and shrubs have spread…

Wytham Woods

… the old copses are holly Ilex aquifolium, crab apple Malus sylvestris, spindle Euonymus europaeus, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum and two species of hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and Crataegus laevigata. The composition of the ground flora is very var…

Handcocks Bottom

…s including wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spindle Euonymus europaeus, as well as the more ubiquitous hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa. The rich ground flora, also reflects the geological variation within the wood, with dog's …

Naunton Court Meadows

… with field maple Acer campestre, midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica. Butterflies present in the meadows include orange tip Anthocharis cardamines and common blue Polyommatus icarus.

Thurlbear Wood and Quarrylands

…llana, together with maple Acer campestre, crab apple Malus sylvestris, spindle Euonymus europaeus, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The base rich soils support a diverse ground flora. Plants of particular interest includ…

Lord's Wood

…ckle Lonicera periclymenum and ivy Hedera helix. In the boundary hedges spindle Euonymus europaeus and wild service tree Sorbus torminalis occur. The ground flora is dominated by bramble and great woodrush Luzula sylvatica and contains male fern Dryopteris filix-mas and broad buc…

Ryde Sands and Wootton Creek

…r including dogwood Cornus sanguinea, butcher's broom Ruscus aculeatus, spindle Euonymus europaeus and guelder rose Viburnum opulus and a rich ground flora including golden rod Solidago virgaurea, wild daffodil Narcissus pseudonarcissus and the nationally scarce narrow leaved lun…

Coed y Gofer

… Corylus avellana, holly Ilex aquifolium and rowan Sorbus aucuparia. Gorse Ulex europaeus and bracken Pteridium aquilinum are abundant around the northern edges of the woodland. The ground flora consists of common bent Agrostis tenuis, sweet vernal grass Anthoxanthum odoratum and…

Whitecross Green and Oriel Woods

…, wild service Sorbus torminalis, midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, spindle Euonymus europaeus, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum. sycamore is confined to the southern corner of Upper Woo…

The Wilderness & Vermin Valley

…ied and include dogwood Cornus sanguinea, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, spindle Euonymus europaeus and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare. The diverse ground flora includes, on the drier soils bramble Rubus fruticosus, bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta, yellow archangel Lamiastrum ga…

Whitwell Coppice

…erbs, many of which are characteristic of base rich soils; for example, spindle Euonymus europaeus, tutsan Hypericum androsaemum, ramsons Allium ursinum, sweet woodruff Galium odoratum, sanicle Sanicula europaea, dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis and nettle leaved bellflower Ca…

Burgate Wood

…ottoms. Dogwood Cornus sanguinea, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and spindle tree Euonymus europaeus are characteristic of the calcareous soils. The ground flora contains much dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis with frequent primrose Primula vulgaris, enchanter's nightshade Circaea…

Brignall Banks

…unus spinosa, wild cherry Prunus avium, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and spindle Euonymus europaeus. The ground flora comprises a rich assemblage of species characteristic of such soils including ramsons Allium ursinum, dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis, bluebell Hyacinthoides no…

Coedydd ac Ogofau Elwy a Meirchion

… of species such as hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, holly Ilex aquifolium, spindle Euonymus europaeus, privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and on the especially thin, basic soils, the uncommon spurge laurel Daphne laureola. Yew Taxus baccata also occurs frequently. In…

Brent Eleigh Woods

…d cherry Prunus avium and holly Ilex aquifolium. Shrub species include spindle Euonymus europaeus and blackthorn Prunus spinosa. The ground flora is dominated by bramble Rubus fruticosus with dog's mercury scattered throughout and dominating the areas of original woodland. A ric…

Birchend

…na with a number of calcicole species such as dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spindle Euonymus europaeus, red currant Ribes sylvestris, field maple and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The other area of woodland lies on the side of the ridge and is dominated by mature beech Fagus sylvatic…

Whitbarrow

…s of juniper scrub and a variety of less common shrub species including spindle Euonymus europaeus, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, alder buckthorn Frangula alnus and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare. Several whitebeam species also occur here, common whitebeam Sorbus aria and Lancastr…

Hay Wood, Whepstead

…so present. Shrub species include midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, spindle Euonymus europaeus and wild crab apple Malus sylvestris. The ground flora is dominated by dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis and bramble Rubus fruticosus with abundant tufted hair grass Deschampsia ce…

Birkham Wood

… with species such as hazel Corylus avellana, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spindle Euonymus europaeus, field maple Acer campestre, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and elder Sambucus nigra. The ground flora is largely dominated by dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis with other associates …

Rostrevor Wood

…o a leesser extent, goat willow Salix caprea and wych elm Ulmus glabra. spindle Euonymus europaeus occurs in the understorey. The field layer is more diverse, with increased frequency of soft shield fern Polystichum setiferum and the appearance of lady fern Athyrium filix-femina …

Bishop's Hill Wood

…a mixed shrub layer, dominated by coppiced hazel Corylus avellana, with spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, privet Ligustrum vulgare and guelder rose Viburnum opulus, particularly on lime rich areas. Midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, which is rare in South W…

Coed y Gopa

…and shrubs such as ash Fraxinus excelsior, silver birch Betula pendula, spindle Euonymus europaeus, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare and yew Taxus baccata. These with woodland herbs that include stinking hellebore Helleborus foetidus and spurge-laurel D…

Hedenham Wood

… woody species include goat willow Salix caprea, aspen Populus tremula, spindle Euonymus europaeus, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata. On lighter soils hornbeam and ash coppice is almost pure. This is replaced by predo…

Moity and Garth Dingles and Fron Wood

…e rare in Radnor and which occur in different parts of the site include spindle Euonymus europaeus, mistletoe Viscum album and meadow saxifrage Saxifraga granulata.

Bacombe and Coombe Hills

… guelder rose Viburnum opulus, purging buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and spindle Euonymus europaeus. Of special interest is the population of juniper Juniperus communis, a shrub which has drastically declined across the Chilterns in recent years. The site supports a number of sca…

Colerne Park and Monk's Wood

…des such species as dogwood Cornus sanguinea, privet Ligustrum vulgare, spindle Euonymus europaeus and blackthorn Prunus spinosa. The ground flora is dominated by bramble, bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta and dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis with ramsons Allium ursinum occurr…

Sontley Marsh

…grass Phalaris arundinacea and hemp agrimony Eupatorium cannabinum with spindle Euonymus europaeus on drier sites. Dense strands of Equisetum telmateia also support panicled sedge Carex paniculata and purple loosestrife Lythrum salicaria. Marsh valerian Valeriana dioica occurs t…

Chickengrove Bottom

…ticosus and young oak Quercus robur frequent. Dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spindle Euonymus europaeus, privet Ligustrum vulgare and whitebeam Sorbus aria also occur. Within this transitional scrub zone, which is an important aspect of the site, species of orchid such as greater butt…

Sherrardspark Wood

… cutting bisects the wood and exposes calcareous soils. Colonisation by spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus is underway. A typical woodland ride flora is developing forming an important habitat for invertebrates which does not occ…

Asham Wood

…m opulus, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spindle Euonymus europaeus. Holly Ilex aquifolium, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, crab apple Malus sylvestris and blackthorn Prunus spinosa are less common. rowan Sorbus aucuparia is restricted to areas with mo…

Downton Gorge

…us avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, spindle Euonymus europaeus and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare. In the more calcareous areas of the woodland the ground flora is dominated by calcicole lime loving species such as woodruff Galium odoratum, dog’…

Cogley Wood

…s nigra and crab apple Malus sylvestris are scattered throughout, while spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana are confined to the neutral soils. The ground flora is diverse, varying according to soil type and drainage. dog's merc…

Studland Cliffs

…by ramsons Allium ursinum and dogs mercury Mercurialis perennis. Mature spindle Euonymus europaeus and dogwood Cornus sanguinea are frequent as fringing scrub. The wood has a rich invertebrate fauna with a number of uncommon species. These include the beetles Grynobius planus, Pt…

Powerstock Common and Wytherston Farm

…associates in the canopy and understorey with occasional shrubs such as spindle Euonymus europaeus, privet Ligustrum vulgare and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana. Dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis, primrose Primula vulgaris and bugle Ajuga reptans are frequent in the driest soils…

Long Dole Wood and Meadows

…s present in drier areas. Shrub species include hazel Corylus avellana, spindle Euonymus europaeus and crab apple Malus sylvestris and the ground flora is dominated by tufted hair grass Deschampsia cespitosa and bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta. The northern extremity of Chewto…

Ebbor Gorge

…area. A variety of associated species include dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spindle Euonymus europaeus, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and guelder rose Viburnum opulus and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare. The ground flora is indicative of the calcareous nature of the site, with dog's…

Coedydd y Barri / Barry Woodlands

…ple Acer campestre, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, wych elm Ulmus glabra, spindle Euonymus europaeus and crab apple Malus sylvestris. Occasionally, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, wild cherry Prunus avium and holly Ilex aquifolium can also be found. …

Coedydd y Garn

…s monogyna, together with the uncommon buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and spindle Euonymus europaeus. Coedydd y Garn is an outstanding example of this limestone woodland. Along the main ridge, the woods occupy linear tors of limestone. The ground flora includes colourful vernal dom…

Crest Mawr Wood

…e, the uncommon spurge laurel Daphne laureola and a large population of spindle Euonymus europaeus. The herb layer is rich, with dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis locally dominant and wood sanicle Sanicula europaea, sweet woodruff Galium odoratum, wood sedge Carex sylvatica and…

Creuddyn

…ssociated hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and gorse Ulex europaeus scrub. Fringes of these woodland stands or shady hedgebanks support the nationally scarce ivy broomrape Orobanche hederae, a parasite on ivy Hedera helix. Other canopy species not locally na…

Gowbarrow Park

…dus, yew Taxus baccata and sessile oak Quercus petraea. The presence of spindle Euonymus europaeus is noteworthy for, like small leaved lime, it is growing here at the northern limit of its range. The open grassy flushes support up to eight species of sedge and the more base rich…

Coughton Wood and Marsh

…inerea. The woodland also contains a variety of native shrubs including spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and blackcurrant Ribes nigrum. Associated with the woodland is a small area of marsh which is a surviving fragment of the once extensive Coughton Marsh. P…

Castle Eden Dene

…a is the most abundant shrub species, but guelder rose Viburnum opulus, spindle Euonymus europaeus, privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spurge laurel Daphne laureola are also significant components of the shrub flora. The species rich ground flora is dominated …

Avon Gorge

… Acer campestre, privet Ligustrum vulgare, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and yew Taxus baccata. The main ground layer species are ivy Hedera helix, male fern Dryopteris filix-mas, bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta, ramsons Alli…

Great Yews

…ataegus monogyna and blackthorn Prunus spinosa are common with frequent spindle Euonymus europaeus, holly Ilex aquifolium and privet Ligustrum vulgare. Few herbaceous plants exist beneath the yews but a number occur under the broadleaved trees and alongside the rides. These inclu…

Aileshurst Coppice

…Acer campestre, elder Sambucus nigra, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare and spindle Euonymus europaeus. Along the stream alder Alnus glutinosa occurs as mature trees and coppice stools. The ground flora contains spurge laurel Daphne laureola, which is scarce in the county, as well as…

Polebrook Farm

…es. Other species of interest are midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, spindle Euonymus europaeus and aspen Populus tremula. The shaws tend to be more uniform, being predominantly hazel coppice under a canopy of mature pedunculate oak. Also within the farm are five ponds, most o…

Westerham Wood

…nt, including hornbeam Carpinus betulus, field maple Acer campestre and spindle Euonymus europaeus. Traditional coppice with standards management can be traced back to the late eighteenth century and was continued until earlier this century when large amounts of timber were remov…

Westhall Wood and Meadow

…Midland and common hawthorn Crataegus laevigata and Crataegus monogyna, spindle Euonymus europaeus, crab apple Malus sylvestris and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora is dominated by a large scale mosaic of bramble Rubus sp. and dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis. woo…

Graig Quarry

…us canopy and an understorey including locally uncommon species such as spindle Euonymus europaeus, wild service tree Sorbus torminalis and spurge laurel Daphne laureola.

Farningham Wood

…soils. Shrubs are best represented on the more chalky soils and include spindle Euonymus europaeus, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Amongst the invertebrates, a number of species indicative of ancient woodland occur including certain beetles and …

Cernydd Carmel

…-shrubs such as dogwood Cornus sanguinea, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, spindle Euonymus europaeus and traveller’s joy Clematis vitalba. Yew Taxus baccata and rowan Sorbus aucuparia occur on the site. The ground flora is diverse and plants such as dog’s mercury Mercurialis perenn…

Barking Woods

…idland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, blackthorn Prunus spinosa and spindle tree Euonymus europaeus. The wood contains a wide variety of flowering plants, particularly in wet areas and where coppicing has recently occurred. Dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis or bramble Rubus fruti…

Pwll-du Head and Bishopston Valley

… locally abundant, and the shrub layer includes hazel Corylus avellana, spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. The ground flora consists of bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta, enchanter’s nightshade Circaea lutetiana, sanicle Sanicu…

Pwll-y-wrach

…and trees which are normally characteristic of base-rich soils, such as spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, guelder-rose Viburnum opulus and field maple. hazel Corylus avellana is frequent throughout the wood. Wych elm Ulmus glabra, once frequent, has much decre…

Maplehurst Wood

…gula alnus, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, spindle Euonymus europaeus and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare. The ground flora varies with the current state of management but bramble Rubus fruticosus, dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis, enchanter's nightsh…

Stackpole

…racterised by blackthorn Prunus spinosa, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and by large swathes of traveller’s-joy Clematis vitalba. The lakes at Bosherston were created by the Cawdor Estate between the late 18th and mid 19th cent…

Hope's Nose to Wall's Hill

…and yew Taxus baccata. The understorey contains hazel Corylus avellana, spindle Euonymus europaeus, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. There is a rich ground flora, with many species characteristic of long-established woodland such as wood spurge Eup…

Leigh Brook Valley

…dominated by hazel Corylus avellana with spurge laurel Daphne laureola, spindle Euonymus europaeus and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare. Many typical woodland ground flora species occur such as bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta, dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis, ramsons Allium ur…

Ripon Parks

…eudoplatanus and field maple Acer campestre. hazel Corylus avellana and spindle Euonymus europaeus occur in the understorey and the ground flora contains primrose Primula vulgaris, bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta and sanicle Sanicula europaea. The woods are of note for colonie…

Parkhurst Forest

…d by holly Ilex aquifolium with hazel Corylus avellana and in places gorse Ulex europaeus and grey willow Salix cinerea. The ground flora is also characteristic of old acid grazing woods and includes butcher's broom Ruscus aculeatus, common cow wheat Melampyrum pratense, slender …

Wimboldsley Wood

… Ilex aquifolium and guelder rose Viburnum opulus occur with occasional spindle Euonymus europaeus. Between the pools and the tops of the slopes the ground flora is rich and varied and includes species such as harts tongue fern Asplenium scolopendrium, woodruff Galium odoratum, w…

East Wood, Great Casterton

…rnus sanguinea, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, hazel Corylus avellana and spindle Euonymus europaeus. In wetter areas the ground flora is dominated by tufted hair grass Deschampsia cespitosa, but on the better drained soils a diverse flora typical of ancient woodlands is present in…

Coedydd Capel Dyddgen

…much of the hazel being formerly coppiced. Wild cherry Prunus avium and spindle Euonymus europaeus occur as occasional components of the tree and shrub layers. Dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis, enchanter’s nightshade Circaea lutetiana, bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta and ivy…

Alderton Hill Quarry

…lex aquifolium, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, hazel Corylus avellana and spindle Euonymus europaeus. The invertebrate fauna includes common blue butterfly Polyommatus icarus.

Marble Quarry and Hale Fell

…perus communis and dog rose Rosa canina. Wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, spindle Euonymus europaeus, dog wood Cornus sanguinea and alder buckthorn Frangula alnus are all scattered throughout the pavements but rarely grow to any size. The occurrence of buckthorn, spindle and dogwoo…

Bank and Cother Wood

…se and includes hazel Corylus avellana, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and spindle Euonymus europaeus. The limestone grassland communities found in the south west and north west of the site are dominated by upright brome grass Bromopsis erecta with other calcicole grasses such as qu…

Kirton Wood, Lincolnshire

…are, midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spindle Euonymus europaeus. A rich ground flora is present, with water avens Geum rivale dominant in the wetter areas and plants such as dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis, bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta …

Park Wood, Chilham

…osa. Many of the woodland shrub species are also present, together with spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and elder Sambucus nigra. broom Cytisus scoparius and trailing St John's wort Hypericum humifusum are present on less calcareous soils and in the lower par…

Sandall Beat

… includes rhododendron, hawthorn, hazel, elder, holly and less commonly spindle Euonymus europaeus, wild privet and gorse. Under birch and oak the ground flora consists largely of creeping soft grass and bracken with bluebell and honeysuckle being widespread. Elsewhere ivy and do…

Sapperton & Pickworth Woods

… Crataegus monogyna and Crataegus laevigata, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, spindle Euonymus europaeus, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, aspen Populus tremula and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The woodlands have a rich and varied ground flora, reflecting local variations in soil moisture a…

Brotheridge Green Disused Railway Line

…flect the calcareous nature of the site, with dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spindle Euonymus europaeus and privet Ligustrum vulgare. The dominant tree species in the hedgerows are ash Fraxinus excelsior and oak Quercus robur. The wealth and diversity of the calcicole flora has in tur…

Twinhills Woods and Meadows

…rataegus monogyna, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, spindle Euonymus europaeus, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, elder Sambucus nigra and holly Ilex aquifolium. The field layer in Twinhills Wood is dominated by bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta and dog's mercu…

Edlington Wood

…bundance of privet, hazel, guelder rose and dogwood with, more locally, spindle Euonymus europaeus, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and spurge laurel Daphne laureola. There is a particularly diverse ground flora reflecting the wide variation in soil type moisture conditions and comp…

Kingsbury Wood

…clude fairy flax Linum catharticum, common twayblade Neottia ovata and spindle, Euonymus europaeus. Forty nine species of bird breed in Kingsbury Wood including kestrel Falco tinnunculus, all three species of woodpecker Picus viridis, Dendrocopos major and Dryobates minor, treecr…

Tortoiseshell Wood

…pestre are the main understorey species, with dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spindle Euonymus europaeus, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, crab apple Malus sylvestris, aspen Populus tremula, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, willows Salix spp., elder Sambucus nigra and birch Betula sp. The soi…

Common Hill

… calcicole lime loving species such as wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spurge laurel Daphne laureola. In areas where the soils are less well drained oak and ash are associated with wych elm Ulmus glabra. This type of woodl…

Doddington Clay Woods

…common and midland hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and Crataegus laevigata, spindle Euonymus europaeus, holly Ilex aquifolium, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and wild privet Ligustrum vulgare. Both woodlands have a rich and varied ground flora, reflecting variations in soil moisture an…

Cheddar Wood

…t include wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spindle Euonymus europaeus. The ground flora is varied, with bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta, dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis and wood anemone Anemone nemorosa abundant over most of the wood. Flushed sl…

Kingston Wood and Outliers

…ies such as blackthorn Prunus spinosa, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, spindle Euonymus europaeus and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. The ground flora is typically of the dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta type. Other herbs include the nationally re…

Holme Moor & Clean Moor

…cer campestre, hazel Corylus avellana, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and spindle Euonymus europaeus. An unusual feature of the ground flora is the abundance of marsh marigold Caltha palustris. wood sorrel Oxalis acetosella, primrose Primula vulgaris, yellow archangel Lamiastrum ga…

Fardrum and Roosky Turloughs

…pen scrub contains the uncommon shrubs buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and spindle Euonymus europaeus. Notable elements in the ground flora include northern bedstraw Galium boreale. The turloughs support a range of water beetles, with the species Rbantus frontalis being typical of s…

Kenninghall & Banham Fens with Quidenham Mere

…bs and ground flora are of interest with dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spindle tree Euonymus europaeus, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, yellow iris Iris pseudacorus, angelica Angelica sylvestris, primrose Primula vulgaris and purple snailreed Calamagrostis canescens. An area of dry, un…

Long Itchington & Ufton Woods

…cal of an ash wych elm wood. The shrub layer is dominated by hazel with spindle Euonymus europaeus, wild service tree Sorbus torminalis and blackthorn Prunus spinosa. The field layer contains many calcicole species including abundant dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis, slender fa…

Cleaves Wood

…zel Corylus avellana is abundant in the shrub layer which also includes spindle Euonymus europaeus, field maple, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and elder Sambucus nigra. English elm Ulmus procera and wych elm Ulmus glabra, frequent in the canopy prior to Dutch elm disease, have rege…

Hetchell Wood

…cteristic species such as dog's mercury and primrose and shrubs such as spindle Euonymus europaeus. Above the escarpment a small area of limestone grassland exists in which tor grass Brachypodium pinnatum is dominant but with a number of local species including autumn gentian Gen…

Arfordir Marros-Pentywyn / Marros-Pendine Coast

…s avellana, but it also has a diverse range of other species, including spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and young growths of wych elm Ulmus glabra. Similarly, the ground flora is rich, with a colourful array of vernal species such as wood anemone Anemone nemo…

Blake's Wood & Lingwood Common

…er Alnus glutinosa coppice is dominant. Alder buckthorn Frangula alnus, spindle Euonymus europaeus and wild service tree Sorbus torminalis are also present in the woods. Sweet chestnut, birch Betula and sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus occur in areas of secondary woodland. The woodla…

Vallis Vale

…and hazel Corylus avellana dominate the understorey which also includes spindle Euonymus europaeus, privet Ligustrum vulgare, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and guelder rose Viburnum opulus. Ground flora species usually restricted to ancient woodlands include wood spruge Euphorbia amy…

Lineover Wood

…s such as wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and spindle Euonymus europaeus. The ground flora is rich and varied. The steep slopes are dominated by bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. and dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis, whilst on the damper soils at the base …

Thorpe Hay Meadow

…nus excelsior, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, field maple Acer campestre, spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica. A drainage ditch along two sides of the site supports five species of willow including purple willow Salix purpurea and a…

Oridge Street Meadows

…Acer campestre, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, spindle Euonymus europaeus, English elm Ulmus procera, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare and some mature oak Quercus robur trees. Butterflies and day flying moths are common, including six spot burnet Zygaena fil…

Prior's Park & Adcombe Wood

…ice with standards system. Shrub species present include the calcicoles spindle Euonymus europaeus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana. The ground flora contains abundant bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta, lords and ladies Arum maculatum, dog's mercury …

Black Ditches, Cavenham

…nd. The scrub is dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna with frequent spindle Euonymus europaeus, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica and blackthorn Prunus spinosa.

Bishop's Wood

…ome sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus. Also present but at a lower cover are spindle Euonymus europaeus, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, elder Sambucus nigra, young beech Fagus sylvatica and a localised presence of lime Tilia xeuropaea. There is a dense, species rich field layer comprising…

River Lemon Valley Woods

…zel Corylus avellana coppice, with wild service-tree Sorbus torminalis, spindle Euonymus europaeus, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea and crab apple Malus sylvestris. The ground flora is species-rich and luxuriant, with many s…

Lower Woods

…rch Betula pendula on the more acid soils and dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spindle Euonymus europaeus, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare and guelder rose Viburnum opulus on base rich clays. The ancient woodland indicator wild service tree Sorbus torminalis is locally abundant. The groun…

Via Gellia Woodlands

… Sorbus aucuparia and dogwood Cornus sanguinea. Scarcer species include spindle Euonymus europaeus which is locally very uncommon and the nationally rare shrub mezereon Daphne mezereum. The ground flora is very variable and reflects the degree of modification of the woodland stru…

Postlebury Wood

…pen Populus tremula and sallow Salix sp, with dogwood Cornus sanguinea, spindle Euonymus europaeus and guelder rose Viburnum opulus on the more base rich soils. The ground flora is well developed, ranging from communities of bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta, bracken Pteridium a…

Pentridge Down

…ica, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare, wayfaring tree Viburnum lantana and spindle Euonymus europaeus together with juniper Juniperus communis in one of only three extant populations in Dorset, all of which are declining. Yew woodland, an unusual feature in Dorset is present on Blac…

Coldwell Farm Pasture

… marsh marigold Caltha palustris and the locally uncommon globe flower Trollius europaeus. These species are characteristic of the Cynosurus cristatus Caltha palustris flood pasture community as described in the National Vegetation Classification. An area of exposed and undamage…

Tweedwood - Gateheugh

…orders and Scotland, including lesser meadow-rue Thalictrum minus, spindle tree Euonymus europaeus and rock whitebeam Sorbus rupicola. The woodlands have a high entomological interest due to their aspect, variety of soil and plant associations, high proportion of over-mature/dead…

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