Ynys Enlli

Site of Special Scientific Interest · 52.7589, -4.7907

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Also within

Gwynedd County LLYN Scenic Area

Climate exposure

This is about exposure to a nationwide pressure this habitat type carries — not a verdict on this site's own management.

Coastal

Coastal habitats are exposed to sea-level rise and storm erosion. Where hard sea defences sit behind them, there's nowhere landward to retreat to — a squeeze that keeps compressing the habitat no matter how well it's managed.

Habitats

Bracken scrub, Coastal vegetated shingle, Hard cliff and cliff slope, Maritime cliff, Mixed scrub, Montane scrub

Geology & landscape

Geological Period: Precambrian · Rock Type: Granite, Limestone, Quartzite, Slate

Landscape processes: Coastal, Fluvial, Volcanic / Igneous

Birds & fish recorded

Birds

SpeciesSeason
Manx shearwater Breeding
Manx shearwater Passage
guillemot Breeding
kittiwake Breeding
razorbill Breeding

Description

Description Ynys Enlli lies approximately 3 km off the south-western tip of Pen Llŷn. The northern part consists of a sloping plain, the hill Mynydd Enlli, and steep coastal cliffs. A narrow isthmus connects this with a low, domed ridge in the south which has a shallow, sloping shoreline. The coast is generally rocky with some small sand and shingle bays. Boulder-strewn bays are found either side of the isthmus: Porth Solfach on the west and Henllwyn and Cafn Enlli on the east side. The main rock mass of the island is green slate, with occasional outcrops of quartzite, granite and limestone, all of which are of Precambrian age. The island is of special scientific interest for its maritime communities, its lichen, bryophyte, vascular plant and bird species and its intertidal communities. Botanical Interest: Ynys Enlli’s vegetated sea cliff and slope supports a range of communities including crevice vegetation, maritime grassland, maritime and coastal heathland, bracken and gorse scrub. Much of this coastal vegetation is of international importance. Specialist plant communities with rock samphire Crithmum maritimum are found in suitable crevices and on coastal rocks around the island, but on cliffs occupied by seabirds a different community has developed with species such as common chickweed Stellaria media and common sorrel Rumex acetosa which take nutrients from seabird guano. Most of the southern peninsula, the north and west coasts and the steep eastern face of Mynydd Enlli support maritime cliff annual vegetation and maritime grassland. Dominant species include thrift Armeria maritima, spring squill Scilla verna, sea campion Silene uniflora, buck’s-horn plantain Plantago coronopus and red fescue Festuca rubra. On drier thin soils, annual species such as early hair-grass Aira praecox and silvery hair-grass Aira caryophyllea are characteristic, along with English stone-crop Sedum anglicum. These communities intergrade with maritime heathland dominated by ling Calluna vulgaris and spring squill. On western slopes of Mynydd Enlli, and elsewhere on the island away from the cliff edge, heathland loses its distinctive maritime character and Western gorse Ulex gallii assumes greater prominence. In such areas the heathland grades into non-maritime grassland and bracken-dominated vegetation. The nationally rare rock sea-lavender Limonium britannicum subsp. celticum var. pharense has been found on the cliffs near Pen Cristin, and the nationally scarce small adder’s tongue Ophioglossum azoricum, western clover Trifolium occidentale and sharp rush Juncus acutus (here at the northern-most extension of its range) are also found on the island. Several rare and scarce lichens and bryophytes are found within Enlli’s cliff and slope communities, with some being at the limit of their geographical range in Britain. The relative richness of the flora for so small an area is linked to the island’s diversity of habitats, ranging from maritime habitats to those typical of sub-montane zones, and in addition to the many vascular plants well over 300 lichen species and nearly 200 bryophytes have been recorded on the island. Ynys Enlli boasts important lichen assemblages of terricolous species (living on soil), saxicolous species (living on rocks) and epiphytic species (living on trees and plants), and even an important community of lichens growing on the island’s older man-made structures. Cliff-top soil on the island is shallow and often subject to high, salt-laden winds that stunt vascular plant growth, but provides one of the richest lichen habitats on the island. Good populations of the nationally rare ciliate strap-lichen Heterodermia leucomelos and nationally scarce golden hair lichen Teloschistes flavicans are found in this habitat on the southern end of Mynydd Enlli and elsewhere on the island. Both species are at or near the most northerly limit of their range in Europe. The bryophyte species comprise a small but distinctive Atlantic element that includes a number of scarce species strongly associated with coastal localities in north-west Wales. The rare liverworts Fossombronia maritima and Scapania lingulata and the rare mosses Fissidens curvatus and Tortula cuneifolia are known from only a few other localities in Britain. Ornithological Interest: The island lies in the centre of the longitudinal west coast bird migration flyway, and a bird observatory has operated on the island since 1953. Enlli’s breeding populations of both Manx shearwater Puffinus puffinus and chough Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax are of European importance. The Manx shearwater population has increased markedly in recent decades, and over 10,000 pairs nested on the island in 2001. The site also supports an important population of breeding chough (4 pairs in 2000) which feed on the adjacent mainland. Other bird species recorded include razorbill, guillemot, storm petrel and kittiwake. Marine Biological Interest: The shores around the island are of marine biological interest because they provide one of the best examples representing the range and variation of high quality shore-types found on exposed rock in Cardigan Bay. They are also of special interest for the presence of species-rich rockpool, bedrock overhang and under-boulder communities. Thirty-nine marine animal and plant communities have been identified on the shores of Ynys Enlli. Such diversity can largely be attributed to the range of rocky habitats on the island and to the variation in exposure to waves and tidal currents. The steeply sloping shores around the north of the island have a wide band of rock influenced by sea-spray, and this has been colonised by yellow and grey lichens, and the black tar lichen Verrucaria maura. Below the lichens, in areas of freshwater run-off, seaweeds such as gutweed Enteromorpha and laver Porphyra are found. The mid-shore rocks are encrusted with barnacles, limpets and often the lichen Lichina pygmaea. A variety of bladder wrack that lacks the characteristic ‘bladders’, Fucus vesiculosus var. linearis, is also found on the mid-to low-shore. Thongweed Himanthalia elongata grows on rock surfaces with a relatively sheltered aspect on the lower-shore, and is replaced by coral weed Corallina officinalis and other seaweeds forming dense, low turfs in more exposed areas and in wave-scoured gullies. The lowest reaches of the shore are fringed with dabberlocks Alaria esculenta and oarweed Laminaria digitata. The shore of the southern part of the island consists of platforms and pinnacles of rock, separated by gullies of various sizes. The lichen zone can reach up to 60 m in width in the most wave-exposed parts. A zone of channel wrack Pelvetia canaliculata, barnacles Chthamalus montagui and Semibalanus balanoides, and Lichina pygmaea is found on the upper-shore, with the lichen forming a distinct band in places. As in the north of Ynys Enlli, a faunal crust of barnacles and limpets Patella sp. dominate the mid-shore. On horizontal platforms this assemblage is covered by Fucus vesiculosus var. linearis, but on steeper surfaces the faunal crust is not overgrown. Thongweed or turf-forming seaweeds are typical of the lower shore, depending on the exposure to waves and tidal currents, as described above. The cobbles of Porth Solfach are often carpeted with large quantities of stranded seaweed, upon which sheep are known to graze. A wide lichen zone is found on the bedrock that surrounds the bay, with channel wrack and spiral wrack Fucus spiralis being found immediately below. The seaweeds egg wrack Ascophyllum nodosum and serrated wrack Fucus serratus dominate mid-shore bedrock, with an understorey of red seaweed species. Coralline-seaweed rockpools here tend to be species-poor, and are largely dominated by coral weed and the encrusting seaweed Mesophyllum lichenoides. At Henllwyn Bay, eastwards over the isthmus, similar communities are found, with the addition of large sand-bottomed rockpools with sand-tolerant seaweeds. Grey seal Halichoerus grypus use Ynys Enlli’s boulder bays and rock platforms as summer haul-out s and a small number of seals breed on the island. Rockpools, bedrock overhangs and under-boulder habitats at Ynys Enlli ameliorate some of the harsh conditions associated with intertidal life, such as dessication, extreme temperatures and predation, and, consequently, are able to support a high diversity of plants and animals. Three rockpool assemblages are particularly species-rich around the island: deep rockpools with brown seaweeds and kelps; sediment-floored rockpools with seaweeds and shallow rockpools with encrusting coralline seaweed, coral weed and the brown seaweed Bifurcaria bifurcata. Sponges and shade-tolerant red seaweeds are characteristic of a diverse assemblage sometimes found on gully sides and the overhanging sides of large boulders across the site. Anemones, limpets, bryozoans, crustaceans and worms also form a part of this community. The lower shore boulders at Porth Solfach and Henllwyn Bay support diverse under-boulder communities that consist of varying assemblages of serrated wrack, sponges, sea squirts, crabs, worms, cushion stars, bivalves, gastropods, amphipods and hydroids. Remarks: This site supports habitats assignable to ‘Vegetated sea cliffs of the Atlantic and Baltic’ and ‘Reefs’: habitat types listed on Annex I of the EC Directive on the Conservation of Natural Habitats and Wild Flora and Fauna 1992. It also supports grey seals Halichoerus grypus, a species listed on Annex II of the Directive. The sea cliffs above Mean High Water will form part of the Clogwyni Pen Llŷn/Lleyn Sea Cliffs SAC (under the aforementioned Directive) and the whole SSSI forms part of the Glannau Aberdaron and Ynys Enlli Special Protection Area (under the EC Conservation of Wild Birds Directive 1979). Areas of the site below Mean High Water form part of the Pen Llŷn a’r Sarnau/Lleyn Peninsula and the Sarnau SAC. The chough is protected under Annex 1 of the EC Conservation of Wild Birds Directive 1979. The golden hair lichen and the ciliate strap lichen are protected under Schedule 8 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended). The ciliate strap lichen and the genus Limonium are also listed as priority Biodiversity Action Plan taxa. The site lies within the Lleyn Peninsula Heritage Coast and Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The island is designated a National Nature Reserve above Mean High Water. The site supports three Biodiversity Action Plan habitats, maritime cliff and slope, lowland heathland and tidal rapids.

Species mentioned

English name
search for this in other sites		 Latin name
search with Google		 IUCN / Red List Type Family
dabberlocks Alaria esculenta Not listed in GB list algae brown alariaceae
egg wrack Ascophyllum nodosum Not listed in GB list algae brown fucaceae
tuning fork algae Bifurcaria bifurcata Not listed in GB list algae brown cystoseiraceae
serrated wrack Fucus serratus Not listed in GB list algae brown fucaceae
spiraled wrack Fucus spiralis Not listed in GB list algae brown fucaceae
bladder wrack Fucus vesiculosus Not listed in GB list algae brown fucaceae
thong weed Himanthalia elongata Not listed in GB list algae brown himanthaliaceae
oar weed Laminaria digitata Not listed in GB list algae brown laminariaceae
channel wrack Pelvetia canaliculata Not listed in GB list algae brown fucaceae
common coral weed Corallina officinalis Not listed in GB list algae red corallinaceae
pink plates Mesophyllum lichenoides Not listed in GB list algae red corallinaceae
acorn barnacle Semibalanus balanoides Not listed in GB list barnacle archaeobalanidae
razorbill Alca torda LC (Breeding) bird-auk alcidae
guillemot Uria aalge LC (Breeding) bird-auk alcidae
chough Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax VU (Breeding) bird-corvid corvidae
kittiwake Rissa tridactyla EN (Breeding) bird-gull laridae
storm petrel Hydrobates pelagicus LC (Breeding) bird-petrel hydrobatidae
Manx shearwater Puffinus puffinus LC (Breeding) bird-sheerwater procellariidae
Chthamalus montagui Not listed in GB list crustacean chthamalidae
small adder's tongue Ophioglossum azoricum LC fern ophioglossaceae
silver hair grass Aira caryophyllea VU grass poaceae
early hair grass Aira praecox VU grass poaceae
red fescue Festuca rubra LC grass poaceae
thrift Armeria maritima CR herb plumbaginaceae
rock samphire Crithmum maritimum LC herb apiaceae
buck's-horn plantain Plantago coronopus LC herb plantaginaceae
common sorrel Rumex acetosa LC herb polygonaceae
spring squill Scilla verna LC herb liliaceae
English stonecrop Sedum anglicum LC herb crassulaceae
sea campion Silene uniflora LC herb carophyllaceae
western clover Trifolium occidentale LC herb fabaceae
Lichina pygmaea LC lichen lichinaceae
powdered orange bush lichen Teloschistes flavicans VU lichen no common name
sea tar Verrucaria maura Not listed in GB list lichen no common name
Portuguese pocket-moss Fissidens curvatus LC moss dicranales
sharp rush Juncus acutus LC rush juncaceae
grey seal Halichoerus grypus None seal phocidae
western gorse Ulex gallii LC shrub leguminosae
bell heather or ling Calluna vulgaris NT shrub dwarf ericaceae

Plant communities

H7 — Hard cliff and cliff slope, Lowland dry heath

Calluna vulgaris-Scilla verna heath

Matches 10 species from the description above: Aira caryophyllea, Aira praecox, Armeria maritima, Calluna vulgaris, Festuca rubra, Plantago coronopus, Rumex acetosa, Scilla verna, Sedum anglicum, Silene uniflora

Salix repens, Empetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea, Erica tetralix, Erica vagans, Juniperus communis, Ulex europaeus, Carex caryophyllea, Carex flacca, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex pulicaris, Carex serotina, Luzula campestris, Luzula multiflora, Selaginella selaginoides, Hypnum cupressiforme, Frullania tamarisci, Cladonia chlorophaea, Cladonia rangiformis, Daucus carota, Achillea millefolium, Hypochaeris radicata, Leontodon saxatilis, Leucanthemum vulgare, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Serratula tinctoria, Jasione montana, Succisa pratensis, Cerastium diffusum, Cerastium fontanum, Silene uniflora, Sedum anglicum, Anthyllis vulneraria, Astragalus danicus, Genista pilosa, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium repens, Centaurium erythraea, Thymus praecox, Scilla verna, Dactylorhiza purpurella, Euphrasia officinalis, Plantago coronopus, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Polygala serpyllifolia, Polygala vulgaris, Rumex acetosa, Primula vulgaris, Filipendula vulgaris, Potentilla erecta, Galium verum, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Aira caryophyllea, Aira praecox, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Dactylis glomerata, Danthonia decumbens, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Koeleria macrantha, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta, Chara curta

MC10 — Maritime cliff

Festuca rubra-Plantago spp. maritime grassland

Matches 9 species from the description above: Aira praecox, Armeria maritima, Calluna vulgaris, Festuca rubra, Plantago coronopus, Rumex acetosa, Scilla verna, Sedum anglicum, Silene uniflora

Salix repens, Empetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Erica tetralix, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex serotina, Schoenus nigricans, Juncus acutiflorus, Luzula campestris, Selaginella selaginoides, Mnium hornum, Hypnum cupressiforme, Angelica sylvestris, Daucus carota, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Bellis perennis, Hypochaeris radicata, Leontodon saxatilis, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Cochlearia officinalis, Succisa pratensis, Cerastium diffusum, Cerastium fontanum, Sagina apetala, Sagina procumbens, Silene acaulis, Silene uniflora, Parnassia palustris, Sedum anglicum, Anthyllis vulneraria, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium repens, Gentianella campestris, Thymus praecox, Pinguicula vulgaris, Scilla verna, Linum catharticum, Dactylorhiza purpurella, Euphrasia officinalis, Plantago coronopus, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Polygala serpyllifolia, Rumex acetosa, Anagallis tenella, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus flammula, Potentilla erecta, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Aira praecox, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Danthonia decumbens, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Koeleria macrantha, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta, Poa pratensis

MC5 — Hard cliff and cliff slope

Armeria maritima-Cerastium diffusum ssp. diffusum maritime therophyte community

Matches 9 species from the description above: Aira caryophyllea, Aira praecox, Armeria maritima, Festuca rubra, Plantago coronopus, Scilla verna, Sedum anglicum, Silene uniflora, Trifolium occidentale

Carex flacca, Hypnum cupressiforme, Tortella flavovirens, Cladonia chlorophaea, Cladonia foliacea, Cladonia rangiformis, Collema spp., Daucus carota, Achillea millefolium, Bellis perennis, Cirsium acaule, Echium vulgare, Jacobaea vulgaris, Leontodon saxatilis, Pilosella officinarum, Senecio vulgaris, Sonchus oleraceus, Taraxacum officianalis, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Myosotis ramosissima, Brassica oleracea, Cochlearia danica, Cochlearia officinalis, Diplotaxis muralis, Jasione montana, Arenaria serpyllifolia, Cerastium diffusum, Cerastium fontanum, Herniaria ciliolata, Sagina apetala, Sagina maritima, Silene uniflora, Spergularia rupicola, Atriplex littoralis, Sedum acre, Sedum anglicum, Euphorbia portlandica, Anthyllis vulneraria, Hippocrepis comosa, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium arvense, Trifolium occidentale, Trifolium repens, Trifolium scabrum, Vicia sativa, Centaurium erythraea, Eriodium cicutarium, Salvia verbenaca, Thymus praecox, Scilla autumnalis, Scilla verna, Radiola linoides, Plantago coronopus, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Veronica arvensis, Armeria maritima, Ranunculus acris, Reseda lutea, Filipendula vulgaris, Poterium sanguisorba, Galium verum, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Aira caryophyllea, Aira praecox, Brachypodium pinnatum, Bromus hordeaceous, Catapodium marinum, Catapodium rigidum, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Koeleria macrantha, Lolium perenne, Schedonorus arundinaceus

MC8 — Hard cliff and cliff slope

Festuca rubra-Armeria maritima maritime grassland

Matches 8 species from the description above: Armeria maritima, Crithmum maritimum, Festuca rubra, Plantago coronopus, Rumex acetosa, Scilla verna, Sedum anglicum, Silene uniflora

Carex caryophyllea, Carex distans, Kindbergia praelonga, Tortella flavovirens, Trichostomum brachydontium, Angelica sylvestris, Crithmum maritimum, Daucus carota, Ligusticum scoticum, Achillea millefolium, Cirsium arvense, Hypochaeris radicata, Inula crithmoides, Leontodon saxatilis, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Sonchus oleraceus, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Brassica oleracea, Cochlearia danica, Cochlearia officinalis, Cerastium diffusum, Cerastium fontanum, Sagina apetala, Sagina maritima, Silene uniflora, Spergularia rupicola, Sedum anglicum, Anthyllis vulneraria, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium repens, Centaurium erythraea, Scilla verna, Plantago coronopus, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Rumex acetosa, Potentilla erecta, Agrostis stolonifera, Brachypodium pinnatum, Catapodium marinum, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Poa subcaerulea

MC11 — Maritime cliff

Festuca rubra-Daucus carota ssp. gummifer maritime grassland

Matches 7 species from the description above: Armeria maritima, Crithmum maritimum, Festuca rubra, Plantago coronopus, Rumex acetosa, Scilla verna, Silene uniflora

Carex caryophyllea, Carex flacca, Crithmum maritimum, Daucus carota, Achillea millefolium, Bellis perennis, Carlina vulgaris, Centaurea nigra, Centaurea scabiosa, Cirsium acaule, Cirsium vulgare, Echium vulgare, Hypochaeris radicata, Jacobaea vulgaris, Leontodon saxatilis, Leucanthemum vulgare, Pilosella officinarum, Senecio vulgaris, Sonchus oleraceus, Taraxacum officianalis, Impatiens nolitangere, Brassica oleracea, Crambe maritima, Arenaria serpyllifolia, Silene nutans, Silene uniflora, Convolvulus arvensis, Sedum acre, Euphorbia portlandica, Anthyllis vulneraria, Hippocrepis comosa, Lotus corniculatus, Medicago lupulina, Ononis repens, Trifolium repens, Vicia sativa, Blackstonia perfoliata, Centaurium erythraea, Teucrium scorodonia, Thymus praecox, Scilla verna, Glaucium flavum, Plantago coronopus, Plantago lanceolata, Armeria maritima, Rumex acetosa, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus bulbosus, Potentilla reptans, Poterium sanguisorba, Galium verum, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Brachypodium pinnatum, Bromus hordeaceous, Catapodium marinum, Cynosurus cristatus, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Koeleria macrantha, Lolium perenne, Schedonorus arundinaceus, Chara curta

MC9 — Hard cliff and cliff slope

Festuca rubra-Holcus lanatus maritime grassland

Matches 7 species from the description above: Aira praecox, Armeria maritima, Festuca rubra, Rumex acetosa, Scilla verna, Sedum anglicum, Silene uniflora

Empetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Carex caryophyllea, Carex flacca, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Luzula campestris, Hypnum cupressiforme, Kindbergia praelonga, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Trichostomum brachydontium, Cladonia chlorophaea, Peltigera canina, Angelica sylvestris, Conopodium majus, Daucus carota, Heracleum sphondylium, Achillea millefolium, Bellis perennis, Centaurea nigra, Hypochaeris radicata, Jacobaea vulgaris, Leontodon saxatilis, Leucanthemum vulgare, Pilosella officinarum, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Serratula tinctoria, Solidago virgaurea, Cochlearia officinalis, Campanula rotundifolia, Cerastium diffusum, Cerastium fontanum, Sagina apetala, Silene uniflora, Sedum anglicum, Euphorbia portlandica, Anthyllis vulneraria, Genista tinctoria, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium repens, Geranium sanguineum, Thymus praecox, Scilla verna, Euphrasia officinalis, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Rumex acetosa, Rumex crispus, Ficaria verna, Ranunculus acris, Potentilla erecta, Galium verum, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Aira praecox, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Dactylis glomerata, Danthonia decumbens, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Koeleria macrantha, Poa pratensis

H8 — Hard cliff and cliff slope, Lowland dry heath, Upland dry heath

Calluna vulgaris-Ulex gallii heath

Matches 5 species from the description above: Aira praecox, Calluna vulgaris, Festuca rubra, Scilla verna, Ulex gallii

Calluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea, Erica tetralix, Vaccinium myrtillus, Ulex europaeus, Ulex gallii, Carex binervis, Carex caryophyllea, Carex flacca, Carex pilulifera, Campylopus flexuosus, Dicranum scoparium, Hypnum cupressiforme, Pleurozium schreberi, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Polytrichum juniperinum, Polytrichum piliferum, Cladonia impexa, Cladonia squamosa, Hypochaeris radicata, Jasione montana, Lotus corniculatus, Hypericum pulchrum, Teucrium scorodonia, Thymus praecox, Scilla verna, Linum catharticum, Pedicularis sylvatica, Digitalis purpurea, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Polygala serpyllifolia, Rumex acetosella, Potentilla erecta, Poterium sanguisorba, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium saxatile, Galium verum, Viola lactea, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis curtisii, Agrostis stolonifera, Agrostis vinealis, Aira praecox, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Avenula pubescens, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Dactylis glomerata, Danthonia decumbens, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta, Pteridium aquilinum, Chara curta

MC1 — Hard cliff and cliff slope

Crithmum maritimum-Spergularia rupicola maritime rock-crevice community

Matches 5 species from the description above: Armeria maritima, Crithmum maritimum, Festuca rubra, Plantago coronopus, Silene uniflora

Tortella flavovirens, Crithmum maritimum, Daucus carota, Inula crithmoides, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Cochlearia danica, Cochlearia officinalis, Cerastium diffusum, Silene uniflora, Spergularia rupicola, Atriplex hastata, Plantago coronopus, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium binervosum, Catapodium marinum, Festuca rubra, Parapholis incurva, Asplenium marinum

MC12 — Maritime cliff

Festuca rubra-Hyacinthoides non-scripta maritime bluebell community

Matches 5 species from the description above: Armeria maritima, Festuca rubra, Rumex acetosa, Scilla verna, Silene uniflora

Hedera helix, Daucus carota, Heracleum sphondylium, Achillea millefolium, Cirsium vulgare, Hypochaeris radicata, Sonchus oleraceus, Cochlearia danica, Cochlearia officinalis, Silene uniflora, Spergularia rupicola, Sedum telephium, Lotus corniculatus, Lotus pedunculatus, Ononis repens, Vicia sativa, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Scilla verna, Plantago lanceolata, Armeria maritima, Rumex acetosa, Ficaria verna, Potentilla erecta, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium verum, Viola riviniana, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Pteridium aquilinum

MC4 — Hard cliff and cliff slope

Brassica oleracea 36-ledge community

Matches 5 species from the description above: Armeria maritima, Festuca rubra, Plantago coronopus, Rumex acetosa, Silene uniflora

Daucus carota, Centaurea nigra, Centaurea scabiosa, Cirsium arvense, Echium vulgare, Jacobaea vulgaris, Leucanthemum vulgare, Pilosella officinarum, Senecio vulgaris, Sonchus oleraceus, Taraxacum officianalis, Tragopogon pratensis, Brassica nigra, Brassica oleracea, Cheiranthus cheiri, Silene nutans, Silene uniflora, Sedum acre, Anthyllis vulneraria, Ononis repens, Teucrium scorodonia, Plantago coronopus, Plantago lanceolata, Armeria maritima, Rumex acetosa, Potentilla reptans, Galium aparine, Agrostis stolonifera, Brachypodium pinnatum, Bromus hordeaceous, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca rubra, Schedonorus arundinaceus

MC7 — Hard cliff and cliff slope

Stellaria media-Rumex acetosa sea-bird cliff community

Matches 5 species from the description above: Armeria maritima, Festuca rubra, Rumex acetosa, Sedum anglicum, Silene uniflora

Juncus articulatus, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Senecio vulgaris, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Cochlearia officinalis, Cerastium fontanum, Cerastium glomeratum, Silene uniflora, Spergula arvensis, Stellaria media agg., Atriplex hastata, Sedum anglicum, Trifolium repens, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Polygonum aviculare, Rumex acetosa, Rumex crispus, Potentilla anserina, Agrostis stolonifera, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Poa annua, Poa pratensis

MC2 — Hard cliff and cliff slope

Armeria maritima-Ligusticum scoticum maritime rock-crevice community

Matches 4 species from the description above: Armeria maritima, Festuca rubra, Plantago coronopus, Silene uniflora

Schistidium maritimum, Ligusticum scoticum, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Cochlearia officinalis, Cerastium fontanum, Silene uniflora, Spergularia rupicola, Atriplex hastata, Sedum rosea, Plantago coronopus, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Rumex crispus, Agrostis stolonifera, Festuca rubra, Asplenium marinum

MC3 — Hard cliff and cliff slope

Rhodiola rosea-Armeria maritima 36-ledge community

Matches 4 species from the description above: Armeria maritima, Festuca rubra, Rumex acetosa, Silene uniflora

Angelica sylvestris, Ligusticum scoticum, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Silene dioica, Silene uniflora, Sedum rosea, Lotus corniculatus, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Rumex acetosa, Agrostis stolonifera, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus

MC6 — Coastal vegetated shingle, Hard cliff and cliff slope

Atriplex prostrata-Beta vulgaris ssp. maritima sea-bird cliff community

Matches 4 species from the description above: Armeria maritima, Festuca rubra, Plantago coronopus, Silene uniflora

Daucus carota, Sonchus oleraceus, Taraxacum officianalis, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Cochlearia officinalis, Silene uniflora, Spergularia rupicola, Atriplex hastata, Malva arborea, Plantago coronopus, Armeria maritima, Polygonum aviculare, Rumex crispus, Bromus hordeaceous, Catapodium marinum, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca rubra

SD1 — Coastal vegetated shingle, Sand dune

Rumex crispus-Glaucium flavum shingle community

Matches 4 species from the description above: Crithmum maritimum, Festuca rubra, Plantago coronopus, Silene uniflora

Solanum dulcamara, Crithmum maritimum, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium vulgare, Helminthotheca echioides, Hypochaeris radicata, Jacobaea vulgaris, Lactuca serriola, Leontodon saxatilis, Senecio viscosus, Sonchus arvensis, Sonchus asper, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Crambe maritima, Cerastium fontanum, Honckenya peploides, Sagina apetala, Silene uniflora, Atriplex prostrata, Sedum acre, Euphorbia paralias, Lathyrus japonicus, Geranium robertianum, Glaucium flavum, Plantago coronopus, Plantago lanceolata, Rumex crispus, Potentilla anserina, Ammophila arenaria, Arrhenatherum elatius, Elytrigia atherica, Elytrigia juncea, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Lolium perenne

W22 — Hedgerow scrub, Mixed scrub

Prunus spinosa-Rubus fruticosus scrub

Matches 4 species from the description above: Armeria maritima, Festuca rubra, Rumex acetosa, Silene uniflora

Hedera helix, Acer campestre, Corylus avellana, Ulex europaeus, Prunus spinosa, Plagiomnium undulatum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Eurhynchium striatum, Kindbergia praelonga, Thuidium tamariscinum, Atrichum undulatum, Lophocolea bidentata, Achillea millefolium, Cardamine flexuosa, Lonicera periclymenum, Moehringia trinervia, Silene dioica, Silene uniflora, Stellaria media agg., Mercurialis perennis, Geranium robertianum, Stachys sylvatica, Teucrium scorodonia, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Oxalis acetosella, Digitalis purpurea, Plantago lanceolata, Veronica chamaedrys, Armeria maritima, Rumex acetosa, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum urbanum, Rosa canina, Rubus fruticosus agg., Rubus idaeus, Galium aparine, Urtica dioica, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Poa trivialis, Asplenium scolopendrium, Pteridium aquilinum, Dryopteris borreri, Dryopteris filix-mas

MG11 — Brownfield, Coastal floodplain grazing marsh, Hard cliff and cliff slope

Festuca rubra-Agrostis stolonifera-Potentilla anserina grassland

Matches 3 species from the description above: Festuca rubra, Rumex acetosa, Silene uniflora

Atriplex portulacoides, Carex arenaria, Carex distans, Juncus articulatus, Juncus bufonius, Juncus gerardii, Brachythecium rutabulum, Odontites verna, Oenanthe lachenalii, Bellis perennis, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium vulgare, Hypochaeris radicata, Matricaria discoidea, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Senecio aquaticus, Sonchus asper, Taraxacum officianalis, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Cochlearia anglica, Cochlearia officinalis, Cerastium fontanum, Honckenya peploides, Sagina procumbens, Silene dioica, Silene uniflora, Stellaria media agg., Atriplex hastata, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium repens, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago major, Plantago maritima, Polygonum aviculare, Rumex acetosa, Rumex crispus, Rumex obtusifolius, Glaux maritima, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus repens, Potentilla anserina, Potentilla reptans, Galium aparine, Urtica dioica, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus geniculatus, Ammophila arenaria, Arrhenatherum elatius, Bromus hordeaceous, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia juncea, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Lolium perenne, Parapholis strigosa, Phleum pratense, Poa annua, Poa pratensis, Poa trivialis, Schedonorus arundinaceus, Schedonorus pratensis

W20 — Montane scrub

Salix lapponum-Luzula sylvatica scrub

Matches 3 species from the description above: Calluna vulgaris, Festuca rubra, Rumex acetosa

Salix arbuscula, Salix cinerea, Salix lapponum, Salix myrsinites, Salix phylicifolia, Salix reticulata, Empetrum nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Salix lanata, Vaccinium myrtillus, Vaccinium uliginosum, Carex atrata, Carex bigelowii, Carex binervis, Carex flacca, Luzula multiflora, Luzula sylvatica, Huperzia selago, Selaginella selaginoides, Aulacomnium palustre, Mnium hornum, Philonotis fontana, Plagiomnium undulatum, Rhizomnium punctatum, Dicranum bonjeanii, Dicranum majus, Dicranum scoparium, Fissidens adianthoides, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Ctenidium molluscum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum callichroum, Hypnum cupressiforme, Palustriella commutatum, Plagiothecium denticulatum, Plagiothecium undulatum, Pleurozium schreberi, Ptilium crista-castrensis, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Sanionia uncinata, Scorpidium revolvens, Thuidium tamariscinum, Atrichum undulatum, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Sphagnum capillifolium, Sphagnum fallax, Sphagnum girgensohnii, Sphagnum palustre, Sphagnum russowii, Sphagnum squarrosum, Sphagnum subnitens, Sphagnum teres, Barbilophozia barbata, Chiloscyphus polyanthos, Diplophyllum albicans, Lophocolea bidentata, Plagiochila porelloides, Ptilidium ciliare, Scapania undulata, Cladonia squamosa, Peltigera canina, Angelica sylvestris, Caltha palustris, Hieraclium spp., Saussurea alpina, Solidago virgaurea, Campanula rotundifolia, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana officinalis, Rhodiola rosea, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Thymus praecox, Epilobium anagallidifolium, Dactylorhiza viridis, Euphrasia officinalis, Rhinanthus minor, Oxalis acetosella, Oxyria digyna, Polygonum viviparum, Rumex acetosa, Anemone nemorosa, Ranunculus acris, Thalictrum alpinum, Alchemilla alpina, Alchemilla glabra, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum rivale, Galium boreale, Galium saxatile, Saxifraga aizoides, Saxifraga hypnoides, Saxifraga oppositifolia, Saxifraga stellaris, Viola riviniana, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Nardus stricta, Dryopteris dilatata, Phegopteris connectilis

MG1 — Brownfield, Hard cliff and cliff slope

Arrhenatherum elatius grassland

Matches 2 species from the description above: Festuca rubra, Rumex acetosa

Hedera helix, Luzula campestris, Brachythecium rutabulum, Kindbergia praelonga, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Aegopodium podagraria, Anthriscus sylvestris, Conopodium majus, Daucus carota, Heracleum sphondylium, Pimpinella major, Pimpinella saxifraga, Achillea millefolium, Artemisia vulgaris, Carduus nutans, Centaurea nigra, Centaurea scabiosa, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium vulgare, Hypochaeris radicata, Jacobaea vulgaris, Leontodon hispidus, Leucanthemum vulgare, Sonchus asper, Taraxacum officianalis, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Campanula rotundifolia, Knautia arvensis, Scabiosa columbaria, Cerastium fontanum, Silene nutans, Stellaria graminea, Convolvulus arvensis, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus corniculatus, Lotus pedunculatus, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Vicia sativa, Vicia sepium, Geranium dissectum, Hypericum perforatum, Clinopodium vulgare, Glechoma hederacea, Lamium album, Origanum vulgare, Teucrium scorodonia, Thymus praecox, Linum catharticum, Chamerion angustifolium, Epilobium hirsutum, Epipactis purpurata, Rhinanthus minor, Papaver dubium, Plantago lanceolata, Veronica chamaedrys, Rumex acetosa, Rumex crispus, Rumex obtusifolius, Primula veris, Primula vulgaris, Ficaria verna, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus bulbosus, Ranunculus repens, Agrimonia eupatoria, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla reptans, Poterium sanguisorba, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium aparine, Galium mollugo sens.lat., Galium verum, Urtica dioica, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus pratensis, Anisantha sterilis, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Avenula pubescens, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Briza media, Bromopsis erecta, Bromus hordeaceous, Cynosurus cristatus, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia repens, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Lolium perenne, Phleum pratense, Poa pratensis, Poa trivialis, Schedonorus pratensis, Trisetum flavescens, Pteridium aquilinum, Chara vulgaris

MG10 — Coastal floodplain grazing marsh, Hard cliff and cliff slope, Upland rush pasture

Holcus lanatus-Juncus effusus rush-pasture

Matches 2 species from the description above: Festuca rubra, Rumex acetosa

Carex hirta, Carex panicea, Juncus articulatus, Juncus effusus, Juncus inflexus, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Kindbergia praelonga, Angelica sylvestris, Oenanthe crocata, Caltha palustris, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium palustre, Pulicaria dysenterica, Senecio aquaticus, Taraxacum officianalis, Myosotis scorpioides, Cardamine pratensis, Cerastium fontanum, Silene flos-cuculi, Stellaria alsine, Equisetum arvense, Equisetum palustre, Lotus pedunculatus, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Iris pseudacorus, Mentha aquatica, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago major, Polygonum hydropiper, Rumex acetosa, Rumex conglomeratus, Rumex crispus, Rumex obtusifolius, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus repens, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla anserina, Urtica dioica, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus geniculatus, Alopecurus pratensis, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Cynosurus cristatus, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca rubra, Festulolium loliaceum, Glyceria fluitans, Holcus lanatus, Lolium perenne, Phalaris arundinacea, Phleum pratense, Poa pratensis, Poa trivialis, Schedonorus pratensis

SD2 — Coastal vegetated shingle, Sand dune

Honkenya peploides-Cakile maritima strandline community

Matches 2 species from the description above: Festuca rubra, Silene uniflora

Salsola kali, Achillea millefolium, Cirsium arvense, Eryngium maritimum, Hypochaeris radicata, Senecio vulgaris, Sonchus arvensis, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Cakile maritima, Cerastium diffusum, Honckenya peploides, Silene uniflora, Stellaria media agg., Atriplex glabriuscula, Atriplex laciniata, Atriplex littoralis, Atriplex patula, Atriplex prostrata, Sedum acre, Polygonum oxyspermum subsp. Raii, Rumex crispus, Potentilla anserina, Agrostis stolonifera, Ammophila arenaria, Arrhenatherum elatius, Elytrigia juncea, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Leymus arenarius, Poa annua

SD3 — Coastal vegetated shingle, Sand dune

Matricaria maritima-Galium aparine strandline community

Matches 2 species from the description above: Armeria maritima, Festuca rubra

Bolboschoenus maritimus, Juncus bufonius, Juncus gerardii, Ligusticum scoticum, Matricaria discoidea, Sonchus arvensis, Sonchus asper, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Mertensia maritima, Cakile maritima, Cochlearia officinalis, Honckenya peploides, Stellaria media agg., Atriplex glabriuscula, Atriplex patula, Atriplex prostrata, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Rumex crispus, Glaux maritima, Galium aparine, Agrostis stolonifera, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Leymus arenarius, Poa annua

W25 — Bracken scrub

Pteridium aquilinum-Rubus fruticosus underscrub

Matches 2 species from the description above: Festuca rubra, Rumex acetosa

Hedera helix, Acer pseudoplatanus, Fagus sylvatica, Quercus robur, Fraxinus excelsior, Sambucus nigra, Ulex europaeus, Crataegus monogyna, Prunus spinosa, Luzula multiflora, Mnium hornum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Kindbergia praelonga, Angelica sylvestris, Conopodium majus, Heracleum sphondylium, Arum maculatum, Cirsium arvense, Lonicera periclymenum, Silene dioica, Stellaria holostea, Mercurialis perennis, Geranium robertianum, Glechoma hederacea, Teucrium scorodonia, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Chamerion angustifolium, Circaea lutetiana, Digitalis purpurea, Rumex acetosa, Anemone nemorosa, Ficaria verna, Potentilla erecta, Rosa arvensis, Rosa canina, Rubus fruticosus agg., Rubus idaeus, Galium aparine, Galium mollugo sens.lat., Galium saxatile, Urtica dioica, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Poa trivialis, Pteridium aquilinum, Dryopteris dilatata, Dryopteris filix-mas

MG12 — Coastal floodplain grazing marsh, Hard cliff and cliff slope

Festuca arundinacea grassland

Matches 1 species from the description above: Festuca rubra

Atriplex portulacoides, Carex distans, Carex nigra, Carex otrubae, Eleocharis uniglumis, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus gerardii, Juncus inflexus, Juncus maritimus, Kindbergia praelonga, Odontites verna, Oenanthe crocata, Oenanthe lachenalii, Torilis japonica, Cirsium arvense, Hypochaeris radicata, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Sonchus arvensis, Taraxacum officianalis, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Cerastium fontanum, Stellaria media agg., Atriplex hastata, Equisetum palustre, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Iris pseudacorus, Triglochin maritimum, Triglochin palustre, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago major, Plantago maritima, Rumex crispus, Glaux maritima, Ranunculus acris, Potentilla anserina, Galium palustre, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Cynosurus cristatus, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia atherica, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Lolium perenne, Phragmites australis, Poa pratensis, Schedonorus arundinaceus, Schedonorus pratensis

W21 — Hedgerow scrub, Mixed scrub

Crataegus monogyna-Hedera helix scrub

Hedera helix, Salix cinerea, Acer pseudoplatanus, Ilex aquifolium, Betula pendula, Corylus avellana, Fagus sylvatica, Quercus robur, Fraxinus excelsior, Malus sylvestris, Sorbus aria, Taxus baccata, Ulmus glabra, Ulmus procera, Sambucus nigra, Viburnum lantana, Euonymus europaeus, Cornus sanguinea, Juniperus communis, Ligustrum vulgare, Clematis vitalba, Rhamnus cathartica, Crataegus laevigata, Crataegus monogyna, Prunus spinosa, Juncus effusus, Plagiomnium undulatum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Kindbergia praelonga, Rhynchostegium confertum, Tamus communis, Heracleum sphondylium, Torilis japonica, Arum maculatum, Arctium minus, Cirsium arvense, Lonicera periclymenum, Moehringia trinervia, Silene dioica, Stellaria graminea, Stellaria holostea, Stellaria media agg., Calystegia sepium, Mercurialis perennis, Geranium robertianum, Iris foetidissima, Glechoma hederacea, Lamium purpureum, Origanum vulgare, Stachys sylvatica, Teucrium scorodonia, Allium ursinum, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Circaea lutetiana, Rumex sanguineus, Anemone nemorosa, Ranunculus repens, Fragaria vesca, Geum urbanum, Potentilla sterilis, Poterium sanguisorba, Rosa arvensis, Rosa canina, Rubia peregrina, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium aparine, Urtica dioica, Viola riviniana, Anisantha sterilis, Arrhenatherum elatius, Brachypodium pinnatum, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Bromopsis erecta, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia repens, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Poa trivialis, Asplenium scolopendrium, Pteridium aquilinum, Dryopteris filix-mas

Insects to look out for

These moths and butterflies are known to feed on plants recorded at this site, and carry a notable UK conservation status — but a host-plant being present doesn't mean the insect has actually been recorded here. Treat this as "worth watching for," not a confirmed sighting.

SpeciesStatusVia host-plant
The grey
Hadena caesia		 Endangered Silene uniflora
Shoulder-striped clover
Heliothis maritima		 Endangered Calluna vulgaris
Glanville fritillary
Melitaea cinxia		 Endangered Plantago coronopus
Scarce vapourer
Orgyia recens		 Endangered Rumex acetosa
Fiery clearwing
Pyropteron chrysidiformis		 Endangered Rumex acetosa
Broom moth
Ceramica pisi		 Vulnerable Calluna vulgaris, Rumex spp.
Marsh fritillary
Euphydryas aurinia		 Vulnerable Plantago spp.
Satyr pug
Eupithecia satyrata		 Vulnerable Calluna vulgaris
Garden dart
Euxoa nigricans		 Vulnerable Plantago spp., Rumex spp., Trifolium spp.
Grayling
Hipparchia semele		 Vulnerable Aira praecox, Festuca rubra
True lover's knot
Lycophotia porphyrea		 Vulnerable Calluna vulgaris
Silver studded blue
Plebejus argus		 Vulnerable Calluna vulgaris, Ulex spp.
Pale eggar
Trichiura crataegi		 Vulnerable Calluna vulgaris
Flounced chestnut
Agrochola helvola		 Near Threatened Calluna vulgaris
Beaded chestnut
Agrochola lychnidis		 Near Threatened Rumex spp., Trifolium spp.
Grey chi
Antitype chi		 Near Threatened Armeria maritima, Rumex spp.
Garden tiger
Arctia caja		 Near Threatened Plantago spp., Rumex spp.
Latticed heath
Chiasmia clathrata		 Near Threatened Trifolium spp.
The sallow
Cirrhia icteritia		 Near Threatened Rumex spp.
Small heath
Coenonympha pamphilus		 Near Threatened Festuca spp.
Grey scalloped
Dyscia fagaria		 Near Threatened Calluna vulgaris
Autumnal rustic
Eugnorisma glareosa		 Near Threatened Calluna vulgaris, Plantago spp., Rumex spp.
Weaver's wave
Idaea contiguaria		 Near Threatened Calluna vulgaris
Dark-barred twin-spot carpet
Xanthorhoe ferrugata		 Near Threatened Rumex spp.

Hostplant data: Cook et al. (2025), Traits data for the butterflies and macro-moths of Great Britain and Ireland, 2024, UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology / Butterfly Conservation (Open Government Licence). Contains data supplied by UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology.