Yealm Estuary

Site of Special Scientific Interest · 50.3340, -4.0341

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Devon County South Devon Scenic Area King Charles Way - Cremyll to Kingswear National Trail

Condition (Natural England)

Unfavourable Declining (13)
UnitFeatureConditionArea (ha)Assessed
SX525475 — Unfavourable Declining 3.6 2016-11-30
SX526475 — Unfavourable Declining 3.6 2016-11-30
SX529475 — Unfavourable Declining 3.6 2016-11-30
SX538477 — Unfavourable Declining 2.51 2016-11-30
SX541489 — Unfavourable Declining 81.12 2016-11-30
SX542493 — Unfavourable Declining 81.12 2016-11-30
SX548503 — Unfavourable Declining 81.12 2016-11-30
SX553502 — Unfavourable Declining 81.12 2016-11-30
SX553505 — Unfavourable Declining 81.12 2016-11-30
SX557507 — Unfavourable Declining 81.12 2016-11-30
SX559508 — Unfavourable Declining 81.12 2016-11-30
SX560508 — Unfavourable Declining 81.12 2016-11-30
SX563510 — Unfavourable Declining 81.12 2016-11-30

Climate exposure

This is about exposure to a nationwide pressure this habitat type carries — not a verdict on this site's own management.

Coastal

Coastal habitats are exposed to sea-level rise and storm erosion. Where hard sea defences sit behind them, there's nowhere landward to retreat to — a squeeze that keeps compressing the habitat no matter how well it's managed.

Habitats

Coastal vegetated shingle, Fast flowing river and stream, Salt marsh

Geology & landscape

Mining / Industrial: Quarry · Rock Type: Shale, Slate

Landscape processes: Coastal

Description

Yealm Estuary SSSI Description The Yealm lies on the south coast of Devon and enters the sea at Wembury Bay. It is an example of a ria, or drowned river valley, which shows a transition to estuarine conditions in its upper reaches. The inlet is steep sided and narrow with several tributaries. A sand bar at the entrance provides some shelter from the prevailing south westerly winds. There is a diverse range of biological communities, reflecting the influence of marine conditions far up the inlet. At the mouth of the inlet steep rocky shores on the southern side are quite different from those on the north side (including Wembury Point SSSI) which are more exposed and eroding. Depending on the degree of exposure the middle part of the shore is dominated either by barnacles (mainly Semibalanus balanoides with Cthamalus montagui) and limpets Patella vulgata alone or a mosaic of these with the seaweed bladder wrack Fucus vesiculosus. Zones above these include intermittent zones of lichens and the seaweeds flat wrack Fucus spiralis and channel wrack Pelvetia canaliculata, and below these include saw wrack Fucus serratus with various red seaweeds. The sponges Hymeniacidon perleve (orange peel) and Halichondria panicea (breadcrumb) are common on the lower and lower mid shore. At Cellar Beach, overhangs and small caves on the lower shore are colonised by a rich and characteristic fauna including a number of animals not normally found on the open shore such as the anemone Sagartia undata and sea squirt Morchellium argus. Cellar Beach extends down to a wide area of sand with gravel and pebbles. The fauna is dominated by the sand mason Lanice conchilega, typical of sediment shores subject to strong water movement, with a number of other polychaete worm species, amphipods and the razor shell bivalve Ensis ensis. The spit at Warren Point consists of a shelving silty to sandy beach with slate pebbles on which is deposited a variety of debris including seaweeds. The upper shore has patches of the seaweeds channel wrack, flat wrack, egg wrack Ascophyllum nodosum, flat wrack Fucus vesiculosus and the bright green Enteromorpha sp. The mid shore is characterised by dense lugworm Arenicola marina. The infauna includes smaller numbers of other polychaete worms such as the sand mason and the catworm Nephtys sp. In the middle reaches of the inlet, from south of Yealm Pool up to Steer Point the shore comprises a low steep cliff with mixed sediment in the mid to lower shore grading into mud flats. There is a well established zonation of biological communities down the shore. The following habitats and species are present throughout most of this stretch of the inlet. At the tope of the shore there is a zone of yellow, grey and black lichens (including Xanthorion parietinae and Verrucaria maura). Below this is an intermittent band of channel wrack intermingled with, or replaced by (depending on the degree of shade), a turf of the seaweeds Bostrychia scorpioides and Catenella caespitosa. This zone grades into a patchy zone of the flat wrack which in turn grades into egg or knotted wrack. The egg wrack zone is replaced by, or forms a mosaic with, a barnacle (including small numbers of the south-western species Balanus perforatus) and limpet dominated community, particularly where the cliff is near vertical such as south of Clitters Beach. There is a less well developed seaweed zone in the lower shore due to lack of, and silting up of, suitable substrate. Where this zone is developed, e.g. at Warren Cottages and south of Shortaflete Creek, it is dominated by the saw wrack. A variety of animal species inhabit these zones including, in particular, abundant sponges in overhangs and crevices, bryozoans, or seamats, such as infrequent Amathia imbricata, and numerous periwinkles including Littorina littorea and L. saxatilis. Where a mixed sediment of muddy shingle occurs there are extensive areas of a rich and nationally uncommon community dominated by the orange peel sponge Hymeniacidon perleve and the peacock worm Sabella pavonina. The community includes a variety of other attached (e.g. bryozoans) and burrowing (e.g. sand mason worm) animals. The sponge occurs in the columnar form including in unusually large clumps up to the size of a football. Mudflats of varying width extend beyond or between the above habitats into the main channel. These are characterised by ragworm Hediste diversicolor and patches of lugworm Arenicola marina. Variation in the middle reaches is provided by the inlet of Shortaflete Creek. Here the mud infauna includes the bivalves Scorbicularia plana and Cerastoderma edule. More gravelly areas within the Creek support a dense cover of seaweeds Ulva lactuca and Chaetomorpha spp. and occasional patches of the fucoid Fucus ceranoides. The upper parts of the inlet beyond Steer Point show increasingly estuarine conditions with extensive mud flats and reduced salinity. The shore comprises a low shale cliff (replaced in places on the north shore by an old retaining wall), with varying amounts of shale pebbles and cobbles below this and mud flats dissected by small channels. The mud flats are extensive particularly north-east of Broad Oooze, the area upstream of which almost completely dries at low water. At the top of the inlet the mud flats are backed by a small area of saltmarsh. Above Steer Point there is a decrease in the variety of foliose red seaweeds, occurrence of some barnacles and molluscs, and an increase in some species such as the bryozoan Amathia imbricata. The biological communities vary with the increasingly estuarine conditions around the following general zonation. The top of the cliff and boulders is characterised by an intermittent band of channel wrack grading into a band of flat wrack. This is mixed with or replaced by, a well developed turf of red seaweeds Bostrychia scorpioides, Catenella caespitosa and green seaweeds Enteromorpha sp. which in places acts as a silt trap. At the base of the cliff and on bedrock or areas of pebbles the dominant seaweed is egg wrack. At Quarry Plantation towards the top of the inlet, where there is a freshwater input, Fucus ceranoides occurs. Both flat and egg wrack become more stubby in growth towards the upper reaches. A variety of animal species live amongst and below these seaweeds, the most common of which are small shore crabs Carcinus maenas, Gammarus amphipods and periwinkles. In the mid shore the mud tends to be more stable and stiff with varying quantities of leaf litter, grading into softer muds in the lower shore which are stable over extensive areas where they are characterised by a surface film of seaweeds including Enteromorpha sp. The infauna is dominated in places by ragworms and includes a variety of other types of polychaete worms. Bivalves such as Scorbicularia plana and Cerastoderma edule are also present.

Species mentioned

English name
search for this in other sites		 Latin name
search with Google		 IUCN / Red List Type Family
egg wrack Ascophyllum nodosum Not listed in GB list algae brown fucaceae
horned wrack Fucus ceranoides Not listed in GB list algae brown fucaceae
serrated wrack Fucus serratus Not listed in GB list algae brown fucaceae
spiraled wrack Fucus spiralis Not listed in GB list algae brown fucaceae
bladder wrack Fucus vesiculosus Not listed in GB list algae brown fucaceae
channel wrack Pelvetia canaliculata Not listed in GB list algae brown fucaceae
sea lettuce Ulva lactuca Not listed in GB list algae green ulvaceae
scorpion tailed saltmarsh weed Bostrychia scorpioides Not listed in GB list algae red rhodomelaceae
creeping chain weed Catenella caespitosa Not listed in GB list algae red caulacanthaceae
sand mason worm Lanice conchilega Not listed in GB list annelid terebellidae
peacock sand mason worm Sabella pavonina Not listed in GB list annelid sabellidae
barnacle Balanus perforatus Not listed in GB list barnacle balanidae
acorn barnacle Semibalanus balanoides Not listed in GB list barnacle archaeobalanidae
cockle Cerastoderma edule Not listed in GB list bivalve cardiidae
peppery furrow-shell Scorbicularia plana Not listed in GB list bivalve semelidae
bryozoan Amathia imbricata Not listed in GB list bryozoan vesiculariidae
shore crab Carcinus maenas Not listed in GB list crustacean portunidae
sea tar Verrucaria maura Not listed in GB list lichen no common name
no common name Xanthorion parietinae Not listed in GB list lichen no common name
Sagartia undata Not listed in GB list marine invertebrate sagartiidae
periwinkle Littorina littorea LC mollusc littorinidae
blow lugworm Arenicola marina Not listed in GB list polychaete arenicolidae
estuary ragworms Hediste diversicolor Not listed in GB list polychaete nereididae
sea squirt Morchellium argus Not listed in GB list seasquirt polyclinidae
breadcomb sponge Halichondria panicea Not listed in GB list sponge halichondriidae
sponge Hymeniacidon perleve Not listed in GB list sponge halichondriidae

Plant communities

A9 — Fast flowing river and stream, Marginal and inundation, Pond ditch and canal, Sluggish river and stream

Potamogeton natans community

Schoenoplectus lacustris, Juncus bulbosus, Sparganium angustifolium, Sparganium erectum, Sparganium minimum, Alisma plantago-aquatica, Lobelia dortmanna, Equisetum fluviatile, Myriophyllum alterniflorum, Elodea canadensis, Lemna minor, Lemna trisulca, Nymphaea alba, Callitriche platycarpa, Callitriche stagnalis, Littorella uniflora, Potamogeton natans, Ranunculus trichophyllus, Glyceria fluitans, Chara subspinosa

A14 — Fast flowing river and stream

Myriophyllum alterniflorum community

Isolepis fluitans, Juncus bulbosus, Fontinalis antipyretica, Lobelia dortmanna, Equisetum fluviatile, Myriophyllum alterniflorum, Lemna minor, Callitriche stagnalis, Littorella uniflora, Potamogeton filiformis, Potamogeton gramineus, Potamogeton natans, Ranunculus peltatus, Chara spp., Nitella hyalina

A17 — Chalk river and stream, Fast flowing river and stream

Ranunculus penicillatus ssp. pseudofluitans community

Berula erecta, Nasturtium officinale, Elodea canadensis, Lemna minor, Callitriche stagnalis, Veronica beccabunga, Polygonum amphibium, Polygonum hydropiper, Potamogeton crispus, Potamogeton pectinatus, Ranunculus penicillatus ssp. pseudofluitans

A18 — Fast flowing river and stream

Ranunculus fluitans community

Fontinalis antipyretica, Fontinalis squamosa var. curnowii, Myriophyllum alterniflorum, Myriophyllum spicatum, Elodea canadensis, Mentha aquatica, Lemna gibba, Lemna minor, Potamogeton perfoliatus, Ranunculus fluitans, Glyceria fluitans, Phalaris arundinacea

MC6 — Coastal vegetated shingle, Hard cliff and cliff slope

Atriplex prostrata-Beta vulgaris ssp. maritima sea-bird cliff community

Daucus carota, Sonchus oleraceus, Taraxacum officianalis, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Cochlearia officinalis, Silene uniflora, Spergularia rupicola, Atriplex hastata, Malva arborea, Plantago coronopus, Armeria maritima, Polygonum aviculare, Rumex crispus, Bromus hordeaceous, Catapodium marinum, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca rubra

SD1 — Coastal vegetated shingle, Sand dune

Rumex crispus-Glaucium flavum shingle community

Solanum dulcamara, Crithmum maritimum, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium vulgare, Helminthotheca echioides, Hypochaeris radicata, Jacobaea vulgaris, Lactuca serriola, Leontodon saxatilis, Senecio viscosus, Sonchus arvensis, Sonchus asper, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Crambe maritima, Cerastium fontanum, Honckenya peploides, Sagina apetala, Silene uniflora, Atriplex prostrata, Sedum acre, Euphorbia paralias, Lathyrus japonicus, Geranium robertianum, Glaucium flavum, Plantago coronopus, Plantago lanceolata, Rumex crispus, Potentilla anserina, Ammophila arenaria, Arrhenatherum elatius, Elytrigia atherica, Elytrigia juncea, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Lolium perenne

SD2 — Coastal vegetated shingle, Sand dune

Honkenya peploides-Cakile maritima strandline community

Salsola kali, Achillea millefolium, Cirsium arvense, Eryngium maritimum, Hypochaeris radicata, Senecio vulgaris, Sonchus arvensis, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Cakile maritima, Cerastium diffusum, Honckenya peploides, Silene uniflora, Stellaria media agg., Atriplex glabriuscula, Atriplex laciniata, Atriplex littoralis, Atriplex patula, Atriplex prostrata, Sedum acre, Polygonum oxyspermum subsp. Raii, Rumex crispus, Potentilla anserina, Agrostis stolonifera, Ammophila arenaria, Arrhenatherum elatius, Elytrigia juncea, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Leymus arenarius, Poa annua

SD3 — Coastal vegetated shingle, Sand dune

Matricaria maritima-Galium aparine strandline community

Bolboschoenus maritimus, Juncus bufonius, Juncus gerardii, Ligusticum scoticum, Matricaria discoidea, Sonchus arvensis, Sonchus asper, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Mertensia maritima, Cakile maritima, Cochlearia officinalis, Honckenya peploides, Stellaria media agg., Atriplex glabriuscula, Atriplex patula, Atriplex prostrata, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Rumex crispus, Glaux maritima, Galium aparine, Agrostis stolonifera, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Leymus arenarius, Poa annua

SM1 — Salt marsh

Zostera communities

Zostera angustifolia, Zostera marina, Zostera noltei, Spartina anglica, Porphyra umbilicalis, Chondria dasyphylla, Polysiphonia nigra, Chara aspera, Chaetomorpha linum, Chaetomorpha tortuosa, Cladophora battersii, Cladophora retroflexa, Ulva intestinalis, Ulva lactuca, Fucus spiralis

SM2 — Salt marsh

Ruppia maritima salt-marsh community

Ruppia maritima

SM3 — Salt marsh

Eleocharis parvula salt-marsh community

Eleocharis parvula

SM4 — Salt marsh

Spartina maritima salt-marsh community

Suaeda maritima, Salicornia europaea, Salicornia perennis, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica, Spartina maritima

SM5 — Salt marsh

Spartina alterniflora salt-marsh community

Puccinellia maritima, Spartina alterniflora, Spartina anglica

SM6 — Salt marsh

Spartina anglica salt-marsh community

Atriplex portulacoides, Suaeda maritima, Aster tripolium, Cochlearia anglica, Spergularia media, Atriplex hastata, Salicornia europaea, Plantago maritima, Limonium vulgare, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica, Catenella caespitosa, Fucus vesiculosus, Fucus vesiculosus ecad volubilis

SM7 — Salt marsh

Arthrocnemum perenne stands

Atriplex portulacoides, Suaeda maritima, Aster tripolium, Spergularia media, Salicornia europaea, Salicornia perennis, Limonium vulgare, Puccinellia maritima, Bostrychia scorpioides

SM8 — Salt marsh

Annual Salicornia salt-marsh community

Atriplex portulacoides, Suaeda maritima, Aster tripolium, Salicornia europaea, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica

SM9 — Salt marsh

Suaeda maritima salt-marsh community

Atriplex portulacoides, Suaeda maritima, Aster tripolium, Salicornia europaea, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica

SM10 — Salt marsh

Transitional low-marsh vegetation with Puccinellia maritima annual Salicornia species and Suaeda maritima

Atriplex portulacoides, Suaeda maritima, Aster tripolium, Spergularia media, Salicornia europaea, Triglochin maritimum, Armeria maritima, Limonium vulgare, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica

SM11 — Salt marsh

Aster tripolium var. discoideus salt-marsh community

Atriplex portulacoides, Suaeda maritima, Aster tripolium, Spergularia media, Salicornia europaea, Salicornia perennis, Plantago maritima, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica, Bostrychia scorpioides, Fucus vesiculosus, Pelvetia canaliculata

SM12 — Salt marsh

Rayed Aster Tripolium on slat marshes

Schoenoplectus lacustris, Juncus bufonius, Suaeda maritima, Aster tripolium, Spergularia marina, Spergularia media, Atriplex hastata, Salicornia europaea, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago maritima, Puccinellia distans, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica

SM13 — Salt marsh

Puccinellia maritima salt-marsh community

Atriplex portulacoides, Juncus gerardii, Suaeda maritima, Aster tripolium, Cochlearia anglica, Cochlearia officinalis, Spergularia media, Atriplex hastata, Salicornia europaea, Salicornia perennis, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium humile, Limonium vulgare, Glaux maritima, Agrostis stolonifera, Festuca rubra, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica, Spartina maritima, Bostrychia scorpioides, Fucus cottonii

SM14 — Salt marsh

Halimione portulacoides salt-marsh community

Atriplex portulacoides, Juncus maritimus, Suaeda maritima, Artemisia maritima, Aster tripolium, Inula crithmoides, Spergularia media, Salicornia europaea, Salicornia perennis, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium vulgare, Elytrigia atherica, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica

SM15 — Salt marsh

Juncus maritimus-Triglochin maritima salt-marsh community

Atriplex portulacoides, Carex extensa, Juncus gerardii, Juncus maritimus, Suaeda maritima, Oenanthe lachenalii, Artemisia maritima, Cochlearia anglica, Cochlearia officinalis, Spergularia media, Atriplex hastata, Salicornia europaea, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium humile, Limonium vulgare, Glaux maritima, Agrostis stolonifera, Festuca rubra, Phragmites australis, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica, Fucus cottonii

SM16 — Salt marsh

Festuca rubra salt-marsh community

Atriplex portulacoides, Carex distans, Carex flacca, Juncus gerardii, Hypnum cupressiforme, Kindbergia praelonga, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Cochlearia anglica, Cerastium fontanum, Sagina procumbens, Spergularia media, Atriplex hastata, Salicornia europaea, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium repens, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium vulgare, Glaux maritima, Ranunculus acris, Potentilla anserina, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Cynosurus cristatus, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Puccinellia maritima

SM17 — Salt marsh

Artemisia maritima salt-marsh community

Atriplex portulacoides, Juncus gerardii, Juncus maritimus, Suaeda maritima, Suaeda vera, Artemisia maritima, Cochlearia anglica, Cochlearia officinalis, Spergularia media, Atriplex hastata, Salicornia europaea, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago coronopus, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium vulgare, Glaux maritima, Agrostis stolonifera, Elytrigia atherica, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Hordeum marinum, Parapholis strigosa, Puccinellia maritima

SM18 — Salt marsh

Juncus maritimus salt-marsh community

Carex distans, Carex extensa, Carex otrubae, Juncus gerardii, Juncus maritimus, Amblystegium serpens, Kindbergia praelonga, Oenanthe lachenalii, Cirsium arvense, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Sonchus arvensis, Cochlearia officinalis, Silene flos-cuculi, Atriplex hastata, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Rumex crispus, Glaux maritima, Samolus valerandi, Ranunculus acris, Potentilla anserina, Galium palustre, Agrostis stolonifera, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Poa pratensis, Schedonorus arundinaceus

SM19 — Saline lagoon, Salt marsh

Blysmus rufus salt-marsh community

Blysmus rufus, Carex extensa, Carex lepidocarpa, Carex nigra, Eleocharis quinqueflora, Eleocharis uniglumis, Juncus articulatus, Juncus gerardii, Amblystegium serpens, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Drepanocladus polygamus, Leptodictyum riparium, Oenanthe lachenalii, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Cochlearia anglica, Trifolium repens, Triglochin maritimum, Triglochin palustre, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Glaux maritima, Potentilla anserina, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus geniculatus, Festuca rubra, Puccinellia maritima

SM20 — Saline lagoon, Salt marsh

Eleocharis uniglumis salt-marsh community

Bolboschoenus maritimus, Carex distans, Carex extensa, Carex nigra, Eleocharis quinqueflora, Eleocharis uniglumis, Juncus articulatus, Juncus gerardii, Leptodictyum riparium, Oenanthe lachenalii, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Atriplex hastata, Trifolium repens, Triglochin maritimum, Triglochin palustre, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Glaux maritima, Samolus valerandi, Potentilla anserina, Galium palustre, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus geniculatus, Festuca rubra

SM21 — Salt marsh

Suaeda vera-Limonium binervosum salt-marsh community

Atriplex portulacoides, Frankenia laevis, Suaeda maritima, Suaeda vera, Artemisia maritima, Cochlearia anglica, Cochlearia danica, Cochlearia officinalis, Sagina maritima, Spergularia marina, Spergularia media, Salicornia europaea, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium bellidifolium, Limonium binervosum, Limonium vulgare, Glaux maritima, Elytrigia atherica, Festuca rubra, Puccinellia maritima

SM22 — Salt marsh

Halimione portulacoides-Frankenia laevis salt-marsh community

Atriplex portulacoides, Frankenia laevis, Suaeda maritima, Spergularia media, Salicornia europaea, Salicornia perennis, Plantago coronopus, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium vulgare, Elytrigia juncea, Festuca rubra, Parapholis strigosa, Puccinellia maritima

SM23 — Salt marsh

Spergularia marina-Puccinellia distans salt-marsh community

Atriplex portulacoides, Juncus bufonius, Suaeda maritima, Spergularia marina, Spergularia media, Atriplex hastata, Salicornia europaea, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago maritima, Polygonum aviculare, Glaux maritima, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus geniculatus, Elytrigia atherica, Festuca rubra, Parapholis strigosa, Puccinellia distans, Puccinellia maritima

SM24 — Salt marsh

Elymus pycnanthus salt-marsh community

Atriplex portulacoides, Juncus gerardii, Juncus maritimus, Hypnum cupressiforme, Suaeda vera, Artemisia maritima, Aster tripolium, Sonchus arvensis, Atriplex hastata, Atriplex littoralis, Beta vulgaris sp maritima, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium vulgare, Glaux maritima, Potentilla anserina, Galium aparine, Agrostis stolonifera, Ammophila arenaria, Elytrigia atherica, Festuca rubra, Parapholis strigosa, Phragmites australis, Puccinellia maritima

SM25 — Salt marsh

Suaeda vera drift-line community

Atriplex portulacoides, Suaeda maritima, Suaeda vera, Artemisia maritima, Cochlearia anglica, Cochlearia danica, Cochlearia officinalis, Spergularia media, Atriplex littoralis, Salicornia europaea, Salicornia perennis, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago maritima, Limonium vulgare, Glaux maritima, Elytrigia atherica, Festuca rubra, Puccinellia maritima, Bostrychia scorpioides, Pelvetia canaliculata

SM26 — Salt marsh

Inula crithmoides stands

Atriplex portulacoides, Suaeda maritima, Inula crithmoides, Spergularia media, Salicornia europaea, Salicornia perennis, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium vulgare, Elytrigia atherica, Festuca rubra, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica, Bostrychia scorpioides

SM28 — Salt marsh

Elymus repens salt-marsh community

Bolboschoenus maritimus, Carex otrubae, Eleocharis uniglumis, Juncus gerardii, Kindbergia praelonga, Odontites verna, Anthriscus sylvestris, Apium graveolens, Heracleum sphondylium, Oenanthe crocata, Oenanthe lachenalii, Torilis japonica, Centaurea nigra, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium vulgare, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Sonchus arvensis, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Cochlearia anglica, Cochlearia officinalis, Silene uniflora, Stellaria media agg., Atriplex hastata, Atriplex littoralis, Calystegia sepium, Lotus corniculatus, Medicago lupulina, Melilotus altissima, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Rumex conglomeratus, Rumex crispus, Glaux maritima, Potentilla anserina, Galium aparine, Urtica dioica, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus geniculatus, Arrhenatherum elatius, Dactylis glomerata, Deschampsia cespitosa, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Lolium perenne, Poa pratensis, Puccinellia maritima, Schedonorus arundinaceus