Salt Way, Ditchley
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Condition (Natural England)
| Unit | Feature | Condition | Area (ha) | Assessed |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SP384194 | — | Unfavourable No Change | 2.02 | 2023-07-10 |
Habitats
Geology & landscape
Rock Type: Limestone
Description
Area, 2.1 hectares 5.2 hectares Description This site which consists of an ancient track together with species rich grass verges and adjoining hedges supports a large population of the very rare plant downy woundwort Stachys germanica. The trackway overlies Greater Oolitic Limestone which has weathered to produce shallow, well drained, loamy soils of the Elmton I and Sherborne series. The parish boundary hedge which runs along the western side of the track probably dates back to Saxon times. It is extremely rich and is dominated by maple and hazel. Also present are wayfaring tree, dogwood, buckthorn, field rose and wild service tree a species strongly associated with ancient sites. The basal flora includes dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis, hedge woundwort Stachys sylvatica, hedge bedstraw Galium album, wild basil Clinopodium vulgare and the uncommon cat mint Nepeta cataria. The herb rich limestone grassland of the verges includes common rock rose Helianthemum nummularium, greater knapweed Centaurea scabiosa, dwarf thistle Cirsium acaule, wild carrot Daucus carota, field scabious Knautia arvensis and hairy violet Violet hirta. There are also records of rare cornfield weeds such as round leaved fluellen Kickxia elatine and corn salad Valerianella locusta. Downy woundwort is a plant with a declining population in Britain, Belgium and elsewhere on the edge of its range in Europe. In Britain it was formerly found in Hampshire, Northamptonshire and Lincolnshire, but has recently been recorded from only four native localities in western Oxfordshire, where its survival is precarious. It is classified as endangered in the Red Data Book of Vascular Plants and is listed in Schedule 8 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981, which provides legal protection with special penalties for deliberate picking, removal or destruction of any part including seed of the plant in the wild. Downy woundwort is closely associated with hedges along Roman roads and ancient tracks on the Oolite and other calcareous formations. Ditchley was an area of intense activity by pre Roman Belgic invaders, whose extensive earthworks at Grims Ditch abut the track to the north. Subsequently the area became a major nucleus of Roman activity in Oxfordshire and was extensively cultivated. Salt Way, which connects with Akeman Street to the south, may date from these times. Over the years the regular disturbance by cattle which were driven along these ancient tracks may have contributed to the survival of downy woundwort to germinate and grow to maturity. One of the characteristics of downy woundwort is its re appearance when conditions are suitable and its decline resulting from its inability to withstand competition for long from other stronger growing colonist species. Downy woundwort was first reported in Oxfordshire in the 17th century. It was recently rediscovered in this locality after an overgrown hedge was cut back by several metres to expose bare ground. It now supports the largest known British colony, with over 100 seedlings and 60 flowering stems counted in recent years.
Species mentioned
Show the 13 species mentioned in the description, with red-list status| English name search for this in other sites |
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IUCN / Red List | Type | Family |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| greater knapweed | Centaurea scabiosa | LC | herb | asteraceae |
| dwarf thistle | Cirsium acaule | VU | herb | asteraceae |
| wild basil | Clinopodium vulgare | LC | herb | lamiaceae |
| wild carrot | Daucus carota | LC | herb | apiaceae |
| white bedstraw | Galium album | LC | herb | rubiaceae |
| rock roses | Helianthemum nummularium | VU | herb | cistaceae |
| sharp leaved fluellen | Kickxia elatine | LC | herb | plantaginaceae |
| field scabious | Knautia arvensis | LC | herb | caprifoliaceae |
| dog's mercury | Mercurialis perennis | LC | herb | euphorbiaceae |
| cat nip | Nepeta cataria | VU | herb | lamiaceae |
| downy woundwort | Stachys germanica | EN | herb | lamiaceae |
| hedge woundwort | Stachys sylvatica | LC | herb | lamiaceae |
| common cornsalad | Valerianella locusta | LC | herb | caprifoliaceae |
Plant communities
CG10 — Brownfield, Limestone pavement, Upland calcareous grassland
Festuca ovina-Agrostis capillaris-Thymus praecox grassland
Show 129 indicator speciesEmpetrum nigrum, Empetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea, Vaccinium myrtillus, Carex binervis, Carex caryophyllea, Carex demissa, Carex flacca, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex pilulifera, Carex pulicaris, Juncus squarrosus, Luzula campestris, Luzula multiflora, Luzula sylvatica, Selaginella selaginoides, Breutelia chrysocoma, Bryum pallens, Bryum pseudotriquetrum, Mnium hornum, Plagiomnium undulatum, Rhizomnium punctatum, Dicranum scoparium, Ditrichum flexicaule, Fissidens adianthoides, Fissidens osmundoides, Racomitrium canescens sens.lat., Racomitrium lanuginosum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Ctenidium molluscum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Hypnum jutlandicum, Pleurozium schreberi, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Sanionia uncinata, Thuidium delicatulum, Thuidium tamariscinum, Tortella tortuosa, Frullania tamarisci, Lophocolea bidentata, Plagiochila asplenioides, Ptilidium ciliare, Scapania undulata, Cetraria islandica, Peltigera canina, Angelica sylvestris, Achillea millefolium, Antennaria dioica, Bellis perennis, Cirsium palustre, Hieraclium spp., Hypochaeris radicata, Jacobaea vulgaris, Pilosella officinarum, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Solidago virgaurea, Cardamine pratensis, Campanula rotundifolia, Succisa pratensis, Cerastium fontanum, Silene acaulis, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Lathyrus montanus, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium repens, Gentianella campestris, Hypericum pulchrum, Thymus praecox, Pinguicula vulgaris, Linum catharticum, Euphrasia confusa, Euphrasia officinalis, Euphrasia scottica, Oxalis acetosella, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Veronica officinalis, Polygala serpyllifolia, Polygonum viviparum, Rumex acetosa, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus repens, Thalictrum alpinum, Alchemilla alpina, Alchemilla filicaulis, Alchemilla glabra, Alchemilla wichurae, Alchemilla xanthochlora, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum rivale, Potentilla crantzii, Potentilla erecta, Potentilla sterilis, Rubus idaeus, Galium boreale, Galium saxatile, Galium sterneri, Galium verum, Saxifraga aizoides, Saxifraga oppositifolia, Viola riviniana, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Aira praecox, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Avenula pratensis, Briza media, Cynosurus cristatus, Danthonia decumbens, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Koeleria macrantha, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta, Poa pratensis, Blechnum spicant, Pteridium aquilinum, Botrychium lunaria, Thelypteris limbosperma
MG1 — Brownfield, Hard cliff and cliff slope
Arrhenatherum elatius grassland
Show 102 indicator speciesHedera helix, Luzula campestris, Brachythecium rutabulum, Kindbergia praelonga, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Aegopodium podagraria, Anthriscus sylvestris, Conopodium majus, Daucus carota, Heracleum sphondylium, Pimpinella major, Pimpinella saxifraga, Achillea millefolium, Artemisia vulgaris, Carduus nutans, Centaurea nigra, Centaurea scabiosa, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium vulgare, Hypochaeris radicata, Jacobaea vulgaris, Leontodon hispidus, Leucanthemum vulgare, Sonchus asper, Taraxacum officianalis, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Campanula rotundifolia, Knautia arvensis, Scabiosa columbaria, Cerastium fontanum, Silene nutans, Stellaria graminea, Convolvulus arvensis, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus corniculatus, Lotus pedunculatus, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Vicia sativa, Vicia sepium, Geranium dissectum, Hypericum perforatum, Clinopodium vulgare, Glechoma hederacea, Lamium album, Origanum vulgare, Teucrium scorodonia, Thymus praecox, Linum catharticum, Chamerion angustifolium, Epilobium hirsutum, Epipactis purpurata, Rhinanthus minor, Papaver dubium, Plantago lanceolata, Veronica chamaedrys, Rumex acetosa, Rumex crispus, Rumex obtusifolius, Primula veris, Primula vulgaris, Ficaria verna, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus bulbosus, Ranunculus repens, Agrimonia eupatoria, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla reptans, Poterium sanguisorba, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium aparine, Galium mollugo sens.lat., Galium verum, Urtica dioica, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus pratensis, Anisantha sterilis, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Avenula pubescens, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Briza media, Bromopsis erecta, Bromus hordeaceous, Cynosurus cristatus, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia repens, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Lolium perenne, Phleum pratense, Poa pratensis, Poa trivialis, Schedonorus pratensis, Trisetum flavescens, Pteridium aquilinum, Chara vulgaris
MG2 — Brownfield
Arrhenatherum elatius-Filipendula ulmaria tall-herb grassland
Show 101 indicator speciesFraxinus excelsior, Luzula sylvatica, Mnium hornum, Plagiomnium affine, Plagiomnium undulatum, Dicranum majus, Dicranum scoparium, Brachythecium rutabulum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Climacium dendroides, Eurhynchium striatum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Kindbergia praelonga, Oxyrrhynchium hians, Plagiothecium denticulatum, Plagiothecium undulatum, Pleurozium schreberi, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Sanionia uncinata, Thuidium tamariscinum, Lophocolea bidentata, Lophocolea heterophylla, Plagiochila asplenioides, Tritomaria quinquedentata, Peltigera horizontalis, Peltigera praetextata, Angelica sylvestris, Anthriscus sylvestris, Heracleum sphondylium, Pimpinella major, Centaurea nigra, Cirsium palustre, Jacobaea vulgaris, Leontodon hispidus, Myosotis arvensis, Cochlearia alpina, Draba muralis, Campanula rotundifolia, Scabiosa columbaria, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana officinalis, Cerastium fontanum, Silene dioica, Stellaria holostea, Parnassia palustris, Mercurialis perennis, Lathyrus pratensis, Vicia sepium, Geranium robertianum, Geranium sylvaticum, Hypericum hirsutum, Clinopodium vulgare, Origanum vulgare, Stachys sylvatica, Teucrium scorodonia, Epilobium montanum, Oxalis acetosella, Veronica chamaedrys, Polemonium caeruleum, Rumex acetosa, Primula vulgaris, Ficaria verna, Ranunculus acris, Alchemilla glabra, Alchemilla xanthochlora, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum rivale, Potentilla erecta, Rosa villosa, Sanguisorba officinalis, Cruciata laevipes, Galium aparine, Galium sterneri, Galium verum, Chrysosplenium alternifolium, Saxifraga hypnoides, Scrophularia nodosa, Urtica dioica, Viola riviniana, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Avenula pubescens, Briza media, Bromopsis ramosa, Dactylis glomerata, Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Poa pratensis, Poa trivialis, Schedonorus pratensis, Sesleria caerulea, Trisetum flavescens, Dryopteris filix-mas, Cystopteris fragilis, Chara curta
MG4 — Coastal floodplain grazing marsh, Lowland meadow and pasture
Alopecurus pratensis-Sanguisorba officinalis grassland
Show 71 indicator speciesCarex acutiformis, Carex hirta, Carex panicea, Juncus articulatus, Juncus inflexus, Luzula campestris, Plagiomnium elatum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Kindbergia praelonga, Heracleum sphondylium, Achillea millefolium, Bellis perennis, Caltha palustris, Centaurea nigra, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium palustre, Hypochaeris radicata, Leontodon hispidus, Leucanthemum vulgare, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Serratula tinctoria, Taraxacum officianalis, Cardamine pratensis, Succisa pratensis, Cerastium fontanum, Equisetum arvense, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium dubium, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Vicia sepium, Fritillaria meleagris, Rhinanthus minor, Plantago lanceolata, Veronica serpyllifolia, Rumex acetosa, Primula veris, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus bulbosus, Ranunculus repens, Thalictrum flavum, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla anglica, Sanguisorba officinalis, Galium verum, Silaum silaus, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus pratensis, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Briza media, Bromopsis erecta, Bromus hordeaceous, Cynosurus cristatus, Dactylis glomerata, Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Lolium perenne, Phleum pratense, Poa pratensis, Poa trivialis, Schedonorus arundinaceus, Schedonorus pratensis, Trisetum flavescens, Chara curta
MG5 — Lowland meadow and pasture, Traditional orchard
Cynosurus cristatus-Centaurea nigra grassland
Show 81 indicator speciesCarex caryophyllea, Carex flacca, Carex panicea, Juncus articulatus, Juncus effusus, Juncus inflexus, Luzula campestris, Brachythecium rutabulum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Kindbergia praelonga, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Conopodium majus, Heracleum sphondylium, Pimpinella saxifraga, Achillea millefolium, Bellis perennis, Centaurea nigra, Cirsium arvense, Crepis capillaris, Hypochaeris radicata, Jacobaea vulgaris, Leontodon hispidus, Leucanthemum vulgare, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Taraxacum officianalis, Cardamine pratensis, Knautia arvensis, Succisa pratensis, Cerastium fontanum, Colchicum autumnale, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium dubium, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Rhinanthus minor, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago media, Veronica chamaedrys, Rumex acetosa, Primula veris, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus bulbosus, Ranunculus repens, Agrimonia eupatoria, Alchemilla glabra, Alchemilla vestita, Alchemilla xanthochlora, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla erecta, Potentilla reptans, Poterium sanguisorba, Galium verum, Silaum silaus, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus pratensis, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Avenula pubescens, Briza media, Bromus hordeaceous, Cynosurus cristatus, Dactylis glomerata, Danthonia decumbens, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Koeleria macrantha, Lolium perenne, Phleum pratense, Poa pratensis, Poa trivialis, Schedonorus arundinaceus, Schedonorus pratensis, Trisetum flavescens, Ophioglossum vulgatum, Chara curta
MG8 — Coastal floodplain grazing marsh, Lowland meadow and pasture
Cynosurus cristatus-Caltha palustris grassland
Show 70 indicator speciesCarex demissa, Carex distans, Carex flacca, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Eleocharis palustris, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus effusus, Luzula campestris, Plagiomnium rostratum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Kindbergia praelonga, Angelica sylvestris, Achillea ptarmica, Bellis perennis, Caltha palustris, Centaurea nigra, Cirsium palustre, Crepis paludosa, Leontodon hispidus, Leucanthemum vulgare, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Senecio aquaticus, Taraxacum officianalis, Myosotis scorpioides, Cardamine pratensis, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana dioica, Cerastium fontanum, Silene flos-cuculi, Equisetum arvense, Equisetum palustre, Lotus corniculatus, Lotus pedunculatus, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Mentha aquatica, Euphrasia nemorosa, Rhinanthus minor, Plantago lanceolata, Veronica chamaedrys, Rumex acetosa, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus repens, Trollius europaeus, Alchemilla glabra, Alchemilla xanthochlora, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum rivale, Sanguisorba officinalis, Galium palustre, Galium uliginosum, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Avenula pubescens, Briza media, Bromus hordeaceous, Cynosurus cristatus, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca rubra, Glyceria declinata, Holcus lanatus, Lolium perenne, Poa trivialis, Schedonorus pratensis, Dryopteris expansa
MG9 — Brownfield, Coastal floodplain grazing marsh, Mesotrophic grassland
Holcus lanatus-Deschampsia cespitosa grassland
Show 79 indicator speciesCarex hirta, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Juncus articulatus, Juncus effusus, Juncus inflexus, Brachythecium rutabulum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Kindbergia praelonga, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Angelica sylvestris, Conopodium majus, Heracleum sphondylium, Achillea millefolium, Achillea ptarmica, Centaurea nigra, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium palustre, Cirsium vulgare, Jacobaea vulgaris, Leucanthemum vulgare, Pulicaria dysenterica, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Senecio aquaticus, Taraxacum officianalis, Cardamine pratensis, Succisa pratensis, Cerastium fontanum, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus corniculatus, Lotus pedunculatus, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Hypericum perforatum, Mentha aquatica, Dactylorhiza fuchsii, Plantago lanceolata, Rumex acetosa, Rumex conglomeratus, Rumex crispus, Rumex obtusifolius, Rumex sanguineus, Primula veris, Primula vulgaris, Ficaria verna, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus repens, Agrimonia eupatoria, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla anserina, Potentilla erecta, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium verum, Silaum silaus, Urtica dioica, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus pratensis, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Briza media, Cynosurus cristatus, Dactylis glomerata, Danthonia decumbens, Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca rubra, Glyceria fluitans, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Hordeum secalinum, Lolium perenne, Phalaris arundinacea, Phleum pratense, Poa pratensis, Poa trivialis, Schedonorus arundinaceus, Schedonorus pratensis, Trisetum flavescens
MG11 — Brownfield, Coastal floodplain grazing marsh, Hard cliff and cliff slope
Festuca rubra-Agrostis stolonifera-Potentilla anserina grassland
Show 64 indicator speciesAtriplex portulacoides, Carex arenaria, Carex distans, Juncus articulatus, Juncus bufonius, Juncus gerardii, Brachythecium rutabulum, Odontites verna, Oenanthe lachenalii, Bellis perennis, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium vulgare, Hypochaeris radicata, Matricaria discoidea, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Senecio aquaticus, Sonchus asper, Taraxacum officianalis, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Cochlearia anglica, Cochlearia officinalis, Cerastium fontanum, Honckenya peploides, Sagina procumbens, Silene dioica, Silene uniflora, Stellaria media agg., Atriplex hastata, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium repens, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago major, Plantago maritima, Polygonum aviculare, Rumex acetosa, Rumex crispus, Rumex obtusifolius, Glaux maritima, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus repens, Potentilla anserina, Potentilla reptans, Galium aparine, Urtica dioica, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus geniculatus, Ammophila arenaria, Arrhenatherum elatius, Bromus hordeaceous, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia juncea, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Lolium perenne, Parapholis strigosa, Phleum pratense, Poa annua, Poa pratensis, Poa trivialis, Schedonorus arundinaceus, Schedonorus pratensis
MG13 — Brownfield, Coastal floodplain grazing marsh
Agrostis stolonifera-Alopecurus geniculatus grassland
Show 44 indicator speciesCarex panicea, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus bufonius, Juncus effusus, Juncus gerardii, Ceratodon purpureus, Brachythecium rutabulum, Oenanthe fistulosa, Caltha palustris, Cirsium arvense, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Myosotis scorpioides, Valeriana dioica, Stellaria alsine, Stellaria neglecta, Atriplex hastata, Triglochin maritimum, Triglochin palustre, Mentha aquatica, Montia fontana, Polygonum hydropiper, Rumex conglomeratus, Rumex crispus, Ranunculus flammula, Ranunculus repens, Ranunculus sceleratus, Potentilla anserina, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus geniculatus, Alopecurus pratensis, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Bromus hordeaceous, Dactylis glomerata, Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca rubra, Glyceria declinata, Glyceria fluitans, Glyceria notata, Holcus lanatus, Poa annua, Poa trivialis, Schedonorus pratensis, Dryopteris expansa
U1 — Brownfield, Lowland dry acid grassland
Festuca ovina-Agrostis capillaris-Rumex acetosella grassland
Show 120 indicator speciesQuercus robur, Calluna vulgaris, Ulex europaeus, Ulex minor, Carex arenaria, Luzula campestris, Pohlia nutans, Campylopus introflexus, Ceratodon purpureus, Dicranum scoparium, Brachythecium albicans, Hypnum cupressiforme, Pleurozium schreberi, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidium rugosum, Polytrichum juniperinum, Polytrichum piliferum, Syntrichia ruraliformis, Ptilidium ciliare, Cladonia arbuscula, Cladonia fimbriata, Cladonia foliacea, Cladonia furcata, Cladonia gracilis, Cladonia impexa, Cladonia pyxidata, Cladonia squamosa, Cladonia tenuis, Cladonia uncialis, Cornicularia aculeata, Peltigera canina, Achillea millefolium, Filaginella uliginosa, Hypochaeris radicata, Jacobaea vulgaris, Leontodon hispidus, Leontodon saxatilis, Logfia minima, Pilosella officinarum, Pilosella peleteriana, Senecio vulgaris, Taraxacum officianalis, Myosotis ramosissima, Arabidopsis thaliana, Arabis hirsuta, Erophila verna, Teesdalia nudicaulis, Campanula glomerata, Campanula rotundifolia, Arenaria serpyllifolia, Cerastium arvense, Cerastium fontanum, Sagina apetala, Sagina procumbens, Scleranthus perennis, Silene conica, Silene otites, Silene viscaria, Spergularia rubra, Stellaria graminea, Stellaria media agg., Crassula tillaea, Sedum acre, Sedum album, Sedum anglicum, Umbilicus rupestris, Anthyllis vulneraria, Astragalus danicus, Lotus corniculatus, Ornithopus perpusillus, Trifolium campestre, Trifolium dubium, Trifolium repens, Trifolium sp., Vicia sativa, Centaurium erythraea, Eriodium cicutarium, Geranium molle, Glechoma hederacea, Teucrium scorodonia, Thymus serpyllum, Chamerion angustifolium, Plantago coronopus, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago media, Veronica agrestis, Veronica arvensis, Veronica chamaedrys, Veronica polita, Veronica spicata, Fallopia convolvulus, Rumex acetosa, Rumex acetosella, Reseda lutea, Potentilla argentea, Potentilla erecta, Potentilla reptans, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium saxatile, Galium verum, Urtica dioica, Viola tricolor, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Agrostis vinealis, Aira praecox, Anisantha sterilis, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Bromus hordeaceous, Dactylis glomerata, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Koeleria macrantha, Phleum pratense, Poa annua, Aphanes arvensis, Pteridium aquilinum
U2 — Brownfield, Lowland dry acid grassland, Upland acid grassland
Deschampsia flexuosa grassland
Show 40 indicator speciesBetula pendula, Quercus hybrid, Empetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Vaccinium myrtillus, Ulex europaeus, Carex nigra, Eriophorum vaginatum, Juncus effusus, Juncus squarrosus, Luzula multiflora, Orthodontium lineare, Pohlia nutans, Campylopus pyriformis, Dicranum scoparium, Hypnum cupressiforme, Plagiothecium undulatum, Pleurozium schreberi, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Polytrichum commune, Polytrichum piliferum, Barbilophozia floerkei, Cladonia gracilis, Chamerion angustifolium, Rumex acetosa, Rumex acetosella, Potentilla erecta, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium saxatile, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis vinealis, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus mollis, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta, Poa annua, Pteridium aquilinum
W6 — Brownfield, Wet woodland
Alnus glutinosa-Urtica dioica woodland
Show 87 indicator speciesHedera helix, Salix caprea, Salix cinerea, Salix fragilis, Salix viminalis, Acer pseudoplatanus, Ilex aquifolium, Betula pubescens, Corylus avellana, Quercus robur, Fraxinus excelsior, Pinus sylvestris, Alnus glutinosa, Sambucus nigra, Viburnum opulus, Crataegus monogyna, Prunus spinosa, Solanum dulcamara, Carex acutiformis, Carex paniculata, Carex riparia, Plagiomnium affine, Plagiomnium undulatum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Kindbergia praelonga, Plagiothecium denticulatum, Lophocolea heterophylla, Humulus lupulus, Angelica sylvestris, Heracleum sphondylium, Oenanthe crocata, Caltha palustris, Cirsium palustre, Eupatorium cannabinum, Petasites hybridus, Taraxacum officianalis, Impatiens glandulifera, Cardamine flexuosa, Lonicera periclymenum, Silene dioica, Stellaria media agg., Equisetum arvense, Equisetum palustre, Mercurialis perennis, Geranium robertianum, Iris pseudacorus, Glechoma hederacea, Mentha aquatica, Stachys sylvatica, Allium ursinum, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Chamerion angustifolium, Circaea lutetiana, Epilobium hirsutum, Epilobium montanum, Epilobium palustre, Digitalis purpurea, Veronica montana, Rumex crispus, Rumex obtusifolius, Rumex sanguineus, Lysimachia vulgaris, Ficaria verna, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus repens, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum urbanum, Rubus fruticosus agg., Rubus idaeus, Galium aparine, Galium palustre, Galium uliginosum, Chrysosplenium oppositifolium, Urtica dioica, Agrostis stolonifera, Arrhenatherum elatius, Dactylis glomerata, Deschampsia cespitosa, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Phalaris arundinacea, Phragmites australis, Poa trivialis, Dryopteris borreri, Dryopteris dilatata, Dryopteris filix-mas, Athyrium filix-femina
W21 — Hedgerow scrub, Mixed scrub
Crataegus monogyna-Hedera helix scrub
Show 81 indicator speciesHedera helix, Salix cinerea, Acer pseudoplatanus, Ilex aquifolium, Betula pendula, Corylus avellana, Fagus sylvatica, Quercus robur, Fraxinus excelsior, Malus sylvestris, Sorbus aria, Taxus baccata, Ulmus glabra, Ulmus procera, Sambucus nigra, Viburnum lantana, Euonymus europaeus, Cornus sanguinea, Juniperus communis, Ligustrum vulgare, Clematis vitalba, Rhamnus cathartica, Crataegus laevigata, Crataegus monogyna, Prunus spinosa, Juncus effusus, Plagiomnium undulatum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Kindbergia praelonga, Rhynchostegium confertum, Tamus communis, Heracleum sphondylium, Torilis japonica, Arum maculatum, Arctium minus, Cirsium arvense, Lonicera periclymenum, Moehringia trinervia, Silene dioica, Stellaria graminea, Stellaria holostea, Stellaria media agg., Calystegia sepium, Mercurialis perennis, Geranium robertianum, Iris foetidissima, Glechoma hederacea, Lamium purpureum, Origanum vulgare, Stachys sylvatica, Teucrium scorodonia, Allium ursinum, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Circaea lutetiana, Rumex sanguineus, Anemone nemorosa, Ranunculus repens, Fragaria vesca, Geum urbanum, Potentilla sterilis, Poterium sanguisorba, Rosa arvensis, Rosa canina, Rubia peregrina, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium aparine, Urtica dioica, Viola riviniana, Anisantha sterilis, Arrhenatherum elatius, Brachypodium pinnatum, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Bromopsis erecta, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia repens, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Poa trivialis, Asplenium scolopendrium, Pteridium aquilinum, Dryopteris filix-mas
W22 — Hedgerow scrub, Mixed scrub
Prunus spinosa-Rubus fruticosus scrub
Show 49 indicator speciesHedera helix, Acer campestre, Corylus avellana, Ulex europaeus, Prunus spinosa, Plagiomnium undulatum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Eurhynchium striatum, Kindbergia praelonga, Thuidium tamariscinum, Atrichum undulatum, Lophocolea bidentata, Achillea millefolium, Cardamine flexuosa, Lonicera periclymenum, Moehringia trinervia, Silene dioica, Silene uniflora, Stellaria media agg., Mercurialis perennis, Geranium robertianum, Stachys sylvatica, Teucrium scorodonia, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Oxalis acetosella, Digitalis purpurea, Plantago lanceolata, Veronica chamaedrys, Armeria maritima, Rumex acetosa, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum urbanum, Rosa canina, Rubus fruticosus agg., Rubus idaeus, Galium aparine, Urtica dioica, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Poa trivialis, Asplenium scolopendrium, Pteridium aquilinum, Dryopteris borreri, Dryopteris filix-mas
W23 — Brownfield, Hedgerow scrub
Ulex europaeus-Rubus fruticosus scrub
Show 40 indicator speciesHedera helix, Calluna vulgaris, Cytisus scoparius, Ulex europaeus, Kindbergia praelonga, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Achillea millefolium, Crepis capillaris, Hypochaeris radicata, Jacobaea vulgaris, Campanula rotundifolia, Jasione montana, Cerastium fontanum, Silene dioica, Teucrium scorodonia, Digitalis purpurea, Plantago lanceolata, Veronica chamaedrys, Veronica officinalis, Rumex acetosa, Rumex acetosella, Potentilla erecta, Rubus fruticosus agg., Rubus idaeus, Galium saxatile, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Aira praecox, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Dactylis glomerata, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Poa pratensis, Pteridium aquilinum