Northumberland Shore
Also within
Berwickshire CountyNorthumberland CountyTyne & Wear County Northumberland Coast Scenic Area King Charles Way - Amble to Bamburgh National TrailKing Charles Way - Bamburgh to Scottish Border inc Holy Island National TrailKing Charles Way - South Bents to Amble National Trail
Condition (Natural England)
| Unit | Feature | Condition | Area (ha) | Assessed |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NU004536 | — | Favourable | 153.02 | 2009-01-08 |
| NU008515 | — | Favourable | 153.02 | 2009-01-08 |
| NU011525 | — | Favourable | 153.02 | 2009-01-08 |
| NU188352 | — | Favourable | 161.62 | 2009-01-08 |
| NU217324 | — | Favourable | 285.92 | 2009-01-08 |
| NU230304 | — | Favourable | 285.92 | 2009-01-08 |
| NU236285 | — | Favourable | 82.65 | 2009-01-08 |
| NU238261 | — | Favourable | 285.92 | 2009-01-08 |
| NU245227 | — | Favourable | 82.65 | 2009-01-08 |
| NU250104 | — | Favourable | 187.01 | 2009-01-08 |
| NU254079 | — | Favourable | 187.01 | 2009-01-08 |
| NU257220 | — | Favourable | 161.62 | 2009-01-08 |
| NU258114 | — | Favourable | 64.08 | 2009-01-08 |
| NU258199 | — | Favourable | 14.73 | 2009-01-08 |
| NU260193 | — | Favourable | 14.73 | 2009-01-08 |
| NU269126 | — | Favourable | 183.32 | 2009-01-08 |
| NU269139 | — | Favourable | 153.02 | 2009-01-08 |
| NU279008 | — | Favourable | 82.65 | 2009-01-08 |
| NU283036 | — | Favourable | 72.49 | 2009-01-08 |
| NU289020 | — | Favourable | 49.34 | 2009-01-08 |
| NZ272980 | — | Favourable | 82.65 | 2009-01-08 |
| NZ275994 | — | Favourable | 68.51 | 2009-01-08 |
| NZ283951 | — | Favourable | 108.22 | 2009-01-08 |
| NZ297824 | — | Favourable | 38.83 | 2009-01-08 |
| NZ299827 | — | Favourable | 38.83 | 2009-01-08 |
| NZ299931 | — | Favourable | 70.14 | 2009-01-08 |
| NZ309834 | — | Favourable | 57.66 | 2009-01-08 |
| NZ316878 | — | Favourable | 83.16 | 2009-01-08 |
| NZ321816 | — | Favourable | 24.89 | 2009-01-08 |
| NZ324787 | — | Favourable | 77.83 | 2009-01-08 |
| NZ324805 | — | Favourable | 77.83 | 2009-01-08 |
| NZ345758 | — | Favourable | 44.43 | 2009-01-08 |
| NZ353734 | — | Favourable | 42.83 | 2009-01-08 |
| NZ367704 | — | Favourable | 285.92 | 2009-01-08 |
| NZ367714 | — | Favourable | 12.87 | 2009-01-08 |
| NZ370689 | — | Favourable | 12.87 | 2009-01-08 |
| NZ373699 | — | Favourable | 12.87 | 2009-01-08 |
| NZ374695 | — | Favourable | 285.92 | 2009-01-08 |
| NZ375694 | — | Favourable | 285.92 | 2009-01-08 |
Climate exposure
This is about exposure to a nationwide pressure this habitat type carries — not a verdict on this site's own management.
Coastal habitats are exposed to sea-level rise and storm erosion. Where hard sea defences sit behind them, there's nowhere landward to retreat to — a squeeze that keeps compressing the habitat no matter how well it's managed.
Habitats
Geology & landscape
Landscape processes: Coastal
Birds & fish recorded
Birds
| Species | Season |
|---|---|
| Arctic tern | Breeding |
| bar-tailed godwit | Wintering |
| curlew | Breeding |
| curlew | Wintering |
| dunlin | Breeding |
| dunlin | Wintering |
| eider | Breeding |
| eider | Wintering |
| golden plover | Breeding |
| golden plover | Roosting |
| golden plover | Wintering |
| knot | Wintering |
| lapwing | Breeding |
| lapwing | Wintering |
| oystercatcher | Breeding |
| oystercatcher | Wintering |
| purple sandpiper | Roosting |
| purple sandpiper | Wintering |
| redshank | Breeding |
| redshank | Roosting |
| redshank | Wintering |
| ringed plover | Roosting |
| ringed plover | Wintering |
| sanderling | Roosting |
| sanderling | Wintering |
| turnstone | Roosting |
| turnstone | Wintering |
Description
Description The Northumberland Shore includes most of the coastline between the Scottish border and the Tyne Estuary. This complements the Lindisfarne SSSI, which it abuts, in providing important wintering grounds for shore birds and it is of international, or national significance for six species, purple sandpiper, turnstone, sanderling, golden plover, ringed plover and redshank. The Northumberland shore consists largely of sandy bays separated by rocky headlands with wave cut platforms, backed by dunes or soft and hard cliffs. Discrete areas of estuarine intertidal mud flats and saltmarsh are also included. Annual counts carried out during the winters of 1983/84 to 1989/90 show that two species of shorebird are present in internationally important numbers i.e. at least one percent of the East Atlantic Flyway population, turnstone regularly over 1300 and purple sandpiper regularly over 600. The populations of four other species regularly exceed one percent of the British wintering populations and thus are of national importance i.e. 240 sanderling 1.6 percent of the British population, 37 ringed plover 1.6 percent, 1100 redshank 1.5 percent and 3500 golden plover 1.8 percent. These six wader species have varying habitat preferences. The purple sandpiper feeds almost exclusively on the extensive areas of inter tidal rock platform, some flocks roost on man made structures, with Blyth Pier regularly supporting over 250 birds. The sanderling and ringed plover typically utilise the sandy beaches such as Blyth South Beach and Druridge Bay. Turnstone and redshank are more generalised in their habitat choice. The former species tends to use the more rocky areas for feeding and especially for roosting, although it is commonly found along the seaweed strewn strand line of sandy beaches. Wintering redshank, occur in a wide range of coastal habitats and at various places also roost on nearby farmland. golden plover make extensive, but intermittent use of many fields close to the foreshore in addition to their use of the inter tidal area, however no agricultural land is included in the notified site. Along with other waders redshank and golden plover use the estuarine areas of the site. The Northumberland Shore as a whole is used by a wide variety of other shorebirds in winter, including up to 400 curlew, 1000 oystercatcher, 2000 dunlin, 600 knot, 150 bar-tailed godwit and 4000 lapwing. Arctic tern and little tern breed on the shore during the summer. The inter tidal zone is also favoured all year round as a feeding area for eider, which are present along the coast in nationally important numbers and use the mud flats by the Coquet estuary as a feeding ground for their young. Other Information 1. The Northumberland Shore fulfils the criteria for listing as a wetland of International Importance under the Ramsar Convention and as a Special Protection Area SPA under the European Community Directive 79/409/ EEC on the Conservation of Wild Birds. 2. This site overlaps with 11 other SSSIs, which are notified for a variety of special interests. These SSSIs, from north to south are, Bamburgh Coast and Hills, Newton Links, Castle Point to Cullernose Point, Howick to Seaton Point, Alnmouth Saltmarsh and Dunes, Warkworth Dunes and Saltmarsh, Low Hauxley Shore, Hadston Links, Cresswell Ponds, Cresswell and Newbiggin Shores and Tynemouth to Seaton Sluice. 3. The site abuts three further SSSIs, Burnmouth Coast in Scotland, the Tweed Estuary, which is of national importance for waterfowl populations and Lindisfarne, which is notified for internationally important bird population and other interests. Lindisfarne is also a SPA and Ramsar site and part is managed as a National Nature Reserve by English Nature. 4. Between Budle Point and the Coquet Estuary the SSSI lies within the Northumberland Coast Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty and the North Northumberland Heritage Coast. 5. Part of the site falls within the Druridge Bay Country Park which is managed by Northumberland County Council.
Species mentioned
Show the 15 species mentioned in the description, with red-list status| English name search for this in other sites |
Latin name search with Google |
IUCN / Red List | Type | Family |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| eider | Somateria mollissima | VU (NonBreeding) | bird-duck | anatidae |
| Arctic tern | Sterna paradisaea | EN (Breeding) | bird-tern | laridae |
| little tern | Sternula albifrons | VU (Breeding) | bird-tern | laridae |
| turnstone | Arenaria interpres | VU (NonBreeding) | bird-wader | scolopacidae |
| sanderling | Calidris alba | LC (NonBreeding) | bird-wader | scolopacidae |
| dunlin | Calidris alpina | EN (NonBreeding) | bird-wader | scolopacidae |
| knot | Calidris canutus | LC (NonBreeding) | bird-wader | scolopacidae |
| purple sandpiper | Calidris maritima | EN (NonBreeding), CR (Breeding) | bird-wader | scolopacidae |
| ringed plover | Charadrius hiaticula | VU (NonBreeding) | bird-wader | charadriidae |
| oystercatcher | Haematopus ostralegus | LC (Breeding) | bird-wader | haematopodidae |
| bar-tailed godwit | Limosa lapponica | LC (NonBreeding) | bird-wader | scolopacidae |
| curlew | Numenius arquata | EN (Breeding) | bird-wader | scolopacidae |
| golden plover | Pluvialis apricaria | LC (NonBreeding), LC (Breeding) | bird-wader | charadriidae |
| redshank | Tringa totanus | EN (NonBreeding) | bird-wader | scolopacidae |
| lapwing | Vanellus vanellus | VU (NonBreeding), EN (Breeding) | bird-wader | charadriidae |
Plant communities
SM1 — Salt marsh
Zostera communities
Show 15 indicator speciesZostera angustifolia, Zostera marina, Zostera noltei, Spartina anglica, Porphyra umbilicalis, Chondria dasyphylla, Polysiphonia nigra, Chara aspera, Chaetomorpha linum, Chaetomorpha tortuosa, Cladophora battersii, Cladophora retroflexa, Ulva intestinalis, Ulva lactuca, Fucus spiralis
SM3 — Salt marsh
Eleocharis parvula salt-marsh community
Show 1 indicator speciesEleocharis parvula
SM4 — Salt marsh
Spartina maritima salt-marsh community
Show 6 indicator speciesSuaeda maritima, Salicornia europaea, Salicornia perennis, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica, Spartina maritima
SM5 — Salt marsh
Spartina alterniflora salt-marsh community
Show 3 indicator speciesPuccinellia maritima, Spartina alterniflora, Spartina anglica
SM6 — Salt marsh
Spartina anglica salt-marsh community
Show 14 indicator speciesAtriplex portulacoides, Suaeda maritima, Aster tripolium, Cochlearia anglica, Spergularia media, Atriplex hastata, Salicornia europaea, Plantago maritima, Limonium vulgare, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica, Catenella caespitosa, Fucus vesiculosus, Fucus vesiculosus ecad volubilis
SM7 — Salt marsh
Arthrocnemum perenne stands
Show 9 indicator speciesAtriplex portulacoides, Suaeda maritima, Aster tripolium, Spergularia media, Salicornia europaea, Salicornia perennis, Limonium vulgare, Puccinellia maritima, Bostrychia scorpioides
SM8 — Salt marsh
Annual Salicornia salt-marsh community
Show 6 indicator speciesAtriplex portulacoides, Suaeda maritima, Aster tripolium, Salicornia europaea, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica
SM9 — Salt marsh
Suaeda maritima salt-marsh community
Show 6 indicator speciesAtriplex portulacoides, Suaeda maritima, Aster tripolium, Salicornia europaea, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica
SM10 — Salt marsh
Transitional low-marsh vegetation with Puccinellia maritima annual Salicornia species and Suaeda maritima
Show 10 indicator speciesAtriplex portulacoides, Suaeda maritima, Aster tripolium, Spergularia media, Salicornia europaea, Triglochin maritimum, Armeria maritima, Limonium vulgare, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica
SM11 — Salt marsh
Aster tripolium var. discoideus salt-marsh community
Show 12 indicator speciesAtriplex portulacoides, Suaeda maritima, Aster tripolium, Spergularia media, Salicornia europaea, Salicornia perennis, Plantago maritima, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica, Bostrychia scorpioides, Fucus vesiculosus, Pelvetia canaliculata
SM12 — Salt marsh
Rayed Aster Tripolium on slat marshes
Show 13 indicator speciesSchoenoplectus lacustris, Juncus bufonius, Suaeda maritima, Aster tripolium, Spergularia marina, Spergularia media, Atriplex hastata, Salicornia europaea, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago maritima, Puccinellia distans, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica
SM13 — Salt marsh
Puccinellia maritima salt-marsh community
Show 23 indicator speciesAtriplex portulacoides, Juncus gerardii, Suaeda maritima, Aster tripolium, Cochlearia anglica, Cochlearia officinalis, Spergularia media, Atriplex hastata, Salicornia europaea, Salicornia perennis, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium humile, Limonium vulgare, Glaux maritima, Agrostis stolonifera, Festuca rubra, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica, Spartina maritima, Bostrychia scorpioides, Fucus cottonii
SM14 — Salt marsh
Halimione portulacoides salt-marsh community
Show 16 indicator speciesAtriplex portulacoides, Juncus maritimus, Suaeda maritima, Artemisia maritima, Aster tripolium, Inula crithmoides, Spergularia media, Salicornia europaea, Salicornia perennis, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium vulgare, Elytrigia atherica, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica
SM15 — Salt marsh
Juncus maritimus-Triglochin maritima salt-marsh community
Show 24 indicator speciesAtriplex portulacoides, Carex extensa, Juncus gerardii, Juncus maritimus, Suaeda maritima, Oenanthe lachenalii, Artemisia maritima, Cochlearia anglica, Cochlearia officinalis, Spergularia media, Atriplex hastata, Salicornia europaea, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium humile, Limonium vulgare, Glaux maritima, Agrostis stolonifera, Festuca rubra, Phragmites australis, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica, Fucus cottonii
SM16 — Salt marsh
Festuca rubra salt-marsh community
Show 30 indicator speciesAtriplex portulacoides, Carex distans, Carex flacca, Juncus gerardii, Hypnum cupressiforme, Kindbergia praelonga, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Cochlearia anglica, Cerastium fontanum, Sagina procumbens, Spergularia media, Atriplex hastata, Salicornia europaea, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium repens, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium vulgare, Glaux maritima, Ranunculus acris, Potentilla anserina, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Cynosurus cristatus, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Puccinellia maritima
SM17 — Salt marsh
Artemisia maritima salt-marsh community
Show 24 indicator speciesAtriplex portulacoides, Juncus gerardii, Juncus maritimus, Suaeda maritima, Suaeda vera, Artemisia maritima, Cochlearia anglica, Cochlearia officinalis, Spergularia media, Atriplex hastata, Salicornia europaea, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago coronopus, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium vulgare, Glaux maritima, Agrostis stolonifera, Elytrigia atherica, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Hordeum marinum, Parapholis strigosa, Puccinellia maritima
SM18 — Salt marsh
Juncus maritimus salt-marsh community
Show 32 indicator speciesCarex distans, Carex extensa, Carex otrubae, Juncus gerardii, Juncus maritimus, Amblystegium serpens, Kindbergia praelonga, Oenanthe lachenalii, Cirsium arvense, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Sonchus arvensis, Cochlearia officinalis, Silene flos-cuculi, Atriplex hastata, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Rumex crispus, Glaux maritima, Samolus valerandi, Ranunculus acris, Potentilla anserina, Galium palustre, Agrostis stolonifera, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Poa pratensis, Schedonorus arundinaceus
SM19 — Saline lagoon, Salt marsh
Blysmus rufus salt-marsh community
Show 26 indicator speciesBlysmus rufus, Carex extensa, Carex lepidocarpa, Carex nigra, Eleocharis quinqueflora, Eleocharis uniglumis, Juncus articulatus, Juncus gerardii, Amblystegium serpens, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Drepanocladus polygamus, Leptodictyum riparium, Oenanthe lachenalii, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Cochlearia anglica, Trifolium repens, Triglochin maritimum, Triglochin palustre, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Glaux maritima, Potentilla anserina, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus geniculatus, Festuca rubra, Puccinellia maritima
SM20 — Saline lagoon, Salt marsh
Eleocharis uniglumis salt-marsh community
Show 25 indicator speciesBolboschoenus maritimus, Carex distans, Carex extensa, Carex nigra, Eleocharis quinqueflora, Eleocharis uniglumis, Juncus articulatus, Juncus gerardii, Leptodictyum riparium, Oenanthe lachenalii, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Atriplex hastata, Trifolium repens, Triglochin maritimum, Triglochin palustre, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Glaux maritima, Samolus valerandi, Potentilla anserina, Galium palustre, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus geniculatus, Festuca rubra
SM21 — Salt marsh
Suaeda vera-Limonium binervosum salt-marsh community
Show 21 indicator speciesAtriplex portulacoides, Frankenia laevis, Suaeda maritima, Suaeda vera, Artemisia maritima, Cochlearia anglica, Cochlearia danica, Cochlearia officinalis, Sagina maritima, Spergularia marina, Spergularia media, Salicornia europaea, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium bellidifolium, Limonium binervosum, Limonium vulgare, Glaux maritima, Elytrigia atherica, Festuca rubra, Puccinellia maritima
SM22 — Salt marsh
Halimione portulacoides-Frankenia laevis salt-marsh community
Show 14 indicator speciesAtriplex portulacoides, Frankenia laevis, Suaeda maritima, Spergularia media, Salicornia europaea, Salicornia perennis, Plantago coronopus, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium vulgare, Elytrigia juncea, Festuca rubra, Parapholis strigosa, Puccinellia maritima
SM23 — Salt marsh
Spergularia marina-Puccinellia distans salt-marsh community
Show 18 indicator speciesAtriplex portulacoides, Juncus bufonius, Suaeda maritima, Spergularia marina, Spergularia media, Atriplex hastata, Salicornia europaea, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago maritima, Polygonum aviculare, Glaux maritima, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus geniculatus, Elytrigia atherica, Festuca rubra, Parapholis strigosa, Puccinellia distans, Puccinellia maritima
SM24 — Salt marsh
Elymus pycnanthus salt-marsh community
Show 24 indicator speciesAtriplex portulacoides, Juncus gerardii, Juncus maritimus, Hypnum cupressiforme, Suaeda vera, Artemisia maritima, Aster tripolium, Sonchus arvensis, Atriplex hastata, Atriplex littoralis, Beta vulgaris sp maritima, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium vulgare, Glaux maritima, Potentilla anserina, Galium aparine, Agrostis stolonifera, Ammophila arenaria, Elytrigia atherica, Festuca rubra, Parapholis strigosa, Phragmites australis, Puccinellia maritima
SM25 — Salt marsh
Suaeda vera drift-line community
Show 20 indicator speciesAtriplex portulacoides, Suaeda maritima, Suaeda vera, Artemisia maritima, Cochlearia anglica, Cochlearia danica, Cochlearia officinalis, Spergularia media, Atriplex littoralis, Salicornia europaea, Salicornia perennis, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago maritima, Limonium vulgare, Glaux maritima, Elytrigia atherica, Festuca rubra, Puccinellia maritima, Bostrychia scorpioides, Pelvetia canaliculata
SM26 — Salt marsh
Inula crithmoides stands
Show 14 indicator speciesAtriplex portulacoides, Suaeda maritima, Inula crithmoides, Spergularia media, Salicornia europaea, Salicornia perennis, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium vulgare, Elytrigia atherica, Festuca rubra, Puccinellia maritima, Spartina anglica, Bostrychia scorpioides
SM28 — Salt marsh
Elymus repens salt-marsh community
Show 51 indicator speciesBolboschoenus maritimus, Carex otrubae, Eleocharis uniglumis, Juncus gerardii, Kindbergia praelonga, Odontites verna, Anthriscus sylvestris, Apium graveolens, Heracleum sphondylium, Oenanthe crocata, Oenanthe lachenalii, Torilis japonica, Centaurea nigra, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium vulgare, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Sonchus arvensis, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Cochlearia anglica, Cochlearia officinalis, Silene uniflora, Stellaria media agg., Atriplex hastata, Atriplex littoralis, Calystegia sepium, Lotus corniculatus, Medicago lupulina, Melilotus altissima, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Rumex conglomeratus, Rumex crispus, Glaux maritima, Potentilla anserina, Galium aparine, Urtica dioica, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus geniculatus, Arrhenatherum elatius, Dactylis glomerata, Deschampsia cespitosa, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Lolium perenne, Poa pratensis, Puccinellia maritima, Schedonorus arundinaceus