Stoke Common Meadows

Site of Special Scientific Interest · 51.6121, -1.9085

Also within

Wiltshire County

Condition (Natural England)

Favourable (1)
UnitFeatureConditionArea (ha)Assessed
SU064903 Favourable 10.26 2021-06-14

Habitats

Hedgerow scrub

Description

Description Stoke common meadows is a botanically diverse area of unimproved neutral grassland in the Upper Thames Basin. The site comprises two herb rich hay meadows, a habitat type which is severely threatened throughout England by modern agricultural practices. Field boundary hedges are of importance as a breeding locality of an uncommon and declining butterfly, the brown hairstreak Thecla betulae. Ditches adjacent to the hedges and two small ponds are also present. The gently sloping site lies at an altitude of approximately 95 metres and has seasonally waterlogged soils derived from impermeable Oxford Clay. A shallow ridge and furrow system causes significant variations in hydrology across the site which is reflected in the plant communities present. Traditional management for hay with aftermath grazing has allowed a diversity of plants to flourish on the site. The meadow ridges support a range of grasses and sedges characteristic of neutral soils including large populations of sweet vernal grass Anthoxanthum odoratum, red fescue Festuca rubra, common bent Agrostis capillaris, crested dog's tail Cynosurus cristatus, Yorkshire fog Holcus lanatus and glaucous sedge Carex flacca. Other plants occurring frequently are common knapweed Centaurea nigra, field wood rush Luzula campestris, oxeye daisy Leucanthemum vulgare, bugle Ajuga reptans, red clover Trifolium pratense and tufted vetch Vicia cracca. Also present are locally uncommon species considered indicative of a long period of uninterrupted traditional management such as devil's bit scabious Succisa pratensis, saw wort Serratula tinctoria, sneezewort Achillea ptarmica, pepper saxifrage Silaum silaus and betony Betonica officinalis. The meadow furrows are much wetter than the ridges and therefore support a different assemblage of plants including tufted hair grass Deschampsia cespitosa, rough meadow grass Poa trivialis, compact rush Juncus conglomeratus, jointed rush J. articulatus, creeping buttercup Ranunculus repens and greater bird's foot trefoil Lotus pedunculatus. The boundary hedges contain a variety of woody species including blackthorn Prunus spinosa, the larval food plant of the brown hairstreak butterfly. Successful breeding in this species is dependent upon the continuation of non intensive hedgerow management. Whilst little recording has been carried, out it is likely that the grassland, hedges, ditches and ponds at Stoke Common Meadows support a range of birds, insects and other fauna.

Species mentioned

English name
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Latin name
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IUCN / Red List Type Family
brown hairstreak Thecla betulae VU butterfly lycaenidae
common bent Agrostis capillaris LC grass poaceae
sweet vernal grass Anthoxanthum odoratum LC grass poaceae
crested dog's tail Cynosurus cristatus LC grass poaceae
tufted hair grass Deschampsia cespitosa LC grass poaceae
red fescue Festuca rubra LC grass poaceae
Yorkshire fog Holcus lanatus LC grass poaceae
rough meadow grass Poa trivialis LC grass poaceae
sneezewort Achillea ptarmica LC herb asteraceae
bugle Ajuga reptans LC herb lamiaceae
betony Betonica officinalis VU herb lamiaceae
black knapweed Centaurea nigra LC herb asteraceae
oxeye daisy Leucanthemum vulgare LC herb asteraceae
greater bird's-foot trefoil Lotus pedunculatus LC herb fabaceae
creeping buttercup Ranunculus repens LC herb ranunculaceae
saw wort Serratula tinctoria VU herb asteraceae
pepper saxifrage Silaum silaus EN herb saxifragaceae
devils-bit scabious Succisa pratensis VU herb caprifoliaceae
red clover Trifolium pratense LC herb fabaceae
tufted vetch Vicia cracca LC herb fabaceae
compact rush Juncus conglomeratus LC rush juncaceae
field wood rush Luzula campestris LC rush juncaceae
glaucus sedge Carex flacca LC sedge cyperaceae
blackthorn Prunus spinosa LC shrub rosaceae

Plant communities

W21 — Hedgerow scrub, Mixed scrub

Crataegus monogyna-Hedera helix scrub

Hedera helix, Salix cinerea, Acer pseudoplatanus, Ilex aquifolium, Betula pendula, Corylus avellana, Fagus sylvatica, Quercus robur, Fraxinus excelsior, Malus sylvestris, Sorbus aria, Taxus baccata, Ulmus glabra, Ulmus procera, Sambucus nigra, Viburnum lantana, Euonymus europaeus, Cornus sanguinea, Juniperus communis, Ligustrum vulgare, Clematis vitalba, Rhamnus cathartica, Crataegus laevigata, Crataegus monogyna, Prunus spinosa, Juncus effusus, Plagiomnium undulatum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Kindbergia praelonga, Rhynchostegium confertum, Tamus communis, Heracleum sphondylium, Torilis japonica, Arum maculatum, Arctium minus, Cirsium arvense, Lonicera periclymenum, Moehringia trinervia, Silene dioica, Stellaria graminea, Stellaria holostea, Stellaria media agg., Calystegia sepium, Mercurialis perennis, Geranium robertianum, Iris foetidissima, Glechoma hederacea, Lamium purpureum, Origanum vulgare, Stachys sylvatica, Teucrium scorodonia, Allium ursinum, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Circaea lutetiana, Rumex sanguineus, Anemone nemorosa, Ranunculus repens, Fragaria vesca, Geum urbanum, Potentilla sterilis, Poterium sanguisorba, Rosa arvensis, Rosa canina, Rubia peregrina, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium aparine, Urtica dioica, Viola riviniana, Anisantha sterilis, Arrhenatherum elatius, Brachypodium pinnatum, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Bromopsis erecta, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia repens, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Poa trivialis, Asplenium scolopendrium, Pteridium aquilinum, Dryopteris filix-mas

W22 — Hedgerow scrub, Mixed scrub

Prunus spinosa-Rubus fruticosus scrub

Hedera helix, Acer campestre, Corylus avellana, Ulex europaeus, Prunus spinosa, Plagiomnium undulatum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Eurhynchium striatum, Kindbergia praelonga, Thuidium tamariscinum, Atrichum undulatum, Lophocolea bidentata, Achillea millefolium, Cardamine flexuosa, Lonicera periclymenum, Moehringia trinervia, Silene dioica, Silene uniflora, Stellaria media agg., Mercurialis perennis, Geranium robertianum, Stachys sylvatica, Teucrium scorodonia, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Oxalis acetosella, Digitalis purpurea, Plantago lanceolata, Veronica chamaedrys, Armeria maritima, Rumex acetosa, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum urbanum, Rosa canina, Rubus fruticosus agg., Rubus idaeus, Galium aparine, Urtica dioica, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Poa trivialis, Asplenium scolopendrium, Pteridium aquilinum, Dryopteris borreri, Dryopteris filix-mas

W23 — Brownfield, Hedgerow scrub

Ulex europaeus-Rubus fruticosus scrub

Hedera helix, Calluna vulgaris, Cytisus scoparius, Ulex europaeus, Kindbergia praelonga, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Achillea millefolium, Crepis capillaris, Hypochaeris radicata, Jacobaea vulgaris, Campanula rotundifolia, Jasione montana, Cerastium fontanum, Silene dioica, Teucrium scorodonia, Digitalis purpurea, Plantago lanceolata, Veronica chamaedrys, Veronica officinalis, Rumex acetosa, Rumex acetosella, Potentilla erecta, Rubus fruticosus agg., Rubus idaeus, Galium saxatile, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Aira praecox, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Dactylis glomerata, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Poa pratensis, Pteridium aquilinum