Birkett Hill and High Out Wood
Also within
Condition (Natural England)
| Unit | Feature | Condition | Area (ha) | Assessed |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NY784071 | — | Favourable | 6.61 | 2012-06-21 |
| NY792069 | — | Favourable | 14.22 | 2020-11-17 |
| NY792075 | — | Favourable | 36.95 | 2020-11-17 |
Habitats
Coppiced woodland, High montane heath and snow bed, Limestone pavement, Mixed scrub, Montane scrub, Upland mixed ash wood
Geology & landscape
Geological Period: Carboniferous · Rock Type: Carboniferous Limestone, Limestone, Sandstone, Shale
Landscape processes: Karst
Birds & fish recorded
Birds
| Species | Season |
|---|---|
| buzzard | Breeding |
| curlew | Breeding |
| golden plover | Breeding |
| lapwing | Breeding |
| meadow pipit | Breeding |
| redshank | Breeding |
| redstart | Breeding |
| spotted flycatcher | Breeding |
| wheatear | Breeding |
Description
Area, 59.2 hectares 146.3 ac Description Birkett Hill and High Out Wood are situated about two kilometres south east of Kirkby Stephen between 200 and 385 metres above sea level. Apart from Birkett Hill and the High Out Wood the site includes part of the valley of the Ladthwaite Beck. The majority of the site overlies carboniferous limestone, with sandstone west of Ewbank Scar and a thin band of shale between. The great importance of this site lies in the species rich limestone grassland and the ancient semi natural woodland. The limestone grassland includes five nationally uncommon plant species and supports a breeding population of the rare northern brown argus butterfly. Also represented on the site are areas of acidic and 'neutral' grassland, two becks and a small tributary; limestone scars, screes and outcrops; and small areas of scrub, limestone pavement and marshy grassland. The limestone grassland of Birkett Hill and the High Out Wood area lies on the thin soils around the limestone crags and screes. The short grazed turf is very rich in plant species with a large range of typical species. This particular community is typified by the nationally uncommon limestone bedstraw Galium sterneri within a sward dominated by the equallyuncommon blue moor grass Sesleria caerulea and more widely spread species such as crested hair grass Koeleria macrantha, sheep's fescue, wild thyme, harebell, fairy flax, common dog violet and common rock rose Helianthemum nummularium. The latter has a particular importance here as it provides the larval food source for the northern brown argus. The abundance of flowering nectar producing plants is also a major factor in the survival of this rare butterfly. Other noteworthy plants include alpine bistort Polygonum viviparum, field gentian Gentianella campestris, mountain everlasting Antennaria dioica and moonwort Botrychium lunaria, as well as three further nationally uncommon species, hoary whitlow grass Draba incana, dark red helleborine Epipactis atrorubens and bird's eye primrose Primula farinosa. The latter is generally a plant of basic flushes but here thrives locally in somewhat drier communities with the lesser clubmoss Selaginella selaginoides. The generally flatter areas around the species rich limestone grassland support a grassland mosaic of varying acid and basic influence; the vegetation depending largely on the depth of soil over the limestone. This grassland is naturally less rich in species and largely dominated by common bent and sheep's fescue, although at the top of Birkett Hill there is a small area of typical mat grass acidic grassland. In several places wetter acidic communities may be found, which support a range of sedges. On the western slopes of the Ladthwaite Beck an unimproved neutral pasture with a little scattered hawthorn and rose lies above the woodland. The dominant grasses are crested dog's tail, common bent, tufted hair grass and Yorkshire fog, with a high content of herbs including an abundance of betony Betonica officinalis, devil's bit scabious Succisa pratensis, common knapweed Centaurea nigra and cat's ear Hypochaeris radicata. The woodland of High Oak Wood and the sides of the Ladthwaite Beck is of interest as 'ancient' woodland, mostly of a type characterised by ash, with wych elm, birch and hazel. Such woodland represents a wildlife resource that is now very scarce in East Cumbria. Around and to the west of Ewbank Scar the woodland supports a rich ground flora. The upper slopes overlying sandstone are dominated by downy birch with very occasional oak, rowan and sycamore and an understorey of coppiced hazel and scattered hawthorn. The ground flora here tends to be grassy with occasional betony and devil's bit scabious as well as woodland species such as violets and wood sorrel. The rest of the woodland along Ladthwaite Beck is largely dominated by ash with occasional wych elm and downy birch and alder in flushed areas; with an understorey almost solely of coppiced hazel. In places, most notably around Ewbank Scar, the coppice becomes dense with only scattered standard trees as well as a number of mature hollies. The rich ground flora includes woodruff Galium odoratum, sanicle Sanicula europaea, wood melick Melica uniflora, dog's mercury, wood sorrel, wood anemone, bugle and lady fern. There is also a rich and abundant cover of ground dwelling and epiphytic mosses and liverworts which are particularly well developed around the cascading waters below Ewbank Scar. East of the scar, grazing has denuded the vegetation and the remaining mature ash, downy birch and hawthorn stand over a short turf with a few alders scattered along the Beck. The woodland of High Out Wood is of a similar type to the ash woodland around Ladthwaite Beck. Grazing has again affected the ground flora giving it a generally grassy appearance, but patches still maintain a rich variety of notable woodland species. Further areas of interest include a strip of ash woodland over the screes to the eastern edge of Birkett Hill and a small area of limestone pavement in High Out Wood supporting typical species such as sanicle, dog's mercury, brittle bladder fern Cystopteris fragilis and hairy rockcress Arabis hirsuta. The becks provide clean fast flowing water that support breeding dipper. Other breeding birds include lapwing, redshank, curlew, redstart, spotted flycatcher, meadow pipit, wheatear, tawny owl and buzzard. Birkett Hill is also an important feeding ground for golden plover from spring to mid summer with a large breeding area nearby.
Species mentioned
Show the 32 species mentioned in the description, with red-list status| English name search for this in other sites |
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IUCN / Red List | Type | Family |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| dipper | Cinclus cinclus | NT (Breeding) | bird-dipper | cinclidae |
| buzzard | Buteo buteo | LC (Breeding) | bird-hawk | falconidae |
| tawny owl | Strix aluco | NT (Breeding) | bird-owl | strigidae |
| meadow pipit | Anthus pratensis | LC (Breeding) | bird-pipit | motacillidae |
| spotted flycatcher | Muscicapa striata | LC (Breeding) | bird-robin | muscicapidae |
| wheatear | Oenanthe oenanthe | LC (Breeding) | bird-robin | muscicapidae |
| redstart | Phoenicurus phoenicurus | LC (Breeding) | bird-robin | muscicapidae |
| curlew | Numenius arquata | EN (Breeding) | bird-wader | scolopacidae |
| golden plover | Pluvialis apricaria | LC (NonBreeding), LC (Breeding) | bird-wader | charadriidae |
| redshank | Tringa totanus | EN (NonBreeding) | bird-wader | scolopacidae |
| lapwing | Vanellus vanellus | VU (NonBreeding), EN (Breeding) | bird-wader | charadriidae |
| moonwort | Botrychium lunaria | VU | fern | ophioglossaceae |
| brittle bladder fern | Cystopteris fragilis | CR | fern | woodsiaceae |
| crested hair-grass | Koeleria macrantha | NT | grass | poaceae |
| wood melick | Melica uniflora | NT | grass | poaceae |
| blue moor grass | Sesleria caerulea | LC | grass | poaceae |
| mountain everlasting | Antennaria dioica | VU | herb | asteraceae |
| hairy rockcress | Arabis hirsuta | VU | herb | brassicaceae |
| betony | Betonica officinalis | VU | herb | lamiaceae |
| black knapweed | Centaurea nigra | LC | herb | asteraceae |
| hoary whitlow grass | Draba incana | NT | herb | brassicaceae |
| dark red helleborine | Epipactis atrorubens | VU | herb | orchidaceae |
| woodruff | Galium odoratum | LC | herb | rubiaceae |
| limestone bedstraw | Galium sterneri | LC | herb | rubiaceae |
| field gentian | Gentianella campestris | LC | herb | gentianaceae |
| rock roses | Helianthemum nummularium | VU | herb | cistaceae |
| cat's-ear | Hypochaeris radicata | LC | herb | asteraceae |
| alpine bistort | Polygonum viviparum | Not listed in GB list | herb | polygonaceae |
| birds eye primrose | Primula farinosa | VU | herb | primulaceae |
| sanicle | Sanicula europaea | LC | herb | apiaceae |
| devils-bit scabious | Succisa pratensis | VU | herb | caprifoliaceae |
| lesser clubmoss | Selaginella selaginoides | LC | moss club | selaginellaceae |
Plant communities
CG9 — Limestone pavement, Lowland calcareous grassland, Upland calcareous grassland
Sesleria albicans-Galium sterneri grassland
Show 107 indicator speciesEmpetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Carex capillaris, Carex caryophyllea, Carex eragrostis, Carex flacca, Carex hostiana, Carex panicea, Carex pulicaris, Kobresia simpliciuscula, Selaginella selaginoides, Rhodobryum roseum, Dicranum scoparium, Ditrichum flexicaule, Fissidens dubius, Encalypta streptocarpa, Racomitrium canescens sens.lat., Racomitrium lanuginosum, Ctenidium molluscum, Homalothecium lutescens, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Neckera crispa, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Rhytidium rugosum, Thuidium tamariscinum, Polytrichum juniperinum, Tortella tortuosa, Barbilophozia barbata, Blepharostoma trichophyllum, Frullania tamarisci, Lophocolea bidentata, Plagiochila asplenioides, Scapania aspera, Tritomaria quinquedentata, Cetraria islandica, Cladonia pocillum, Cladonia rangiformis, Cornicularia aculeata, Pimpinella saxifraga, Achillea millefolium, Antennaria dioica, Bellis perennis, Carlina vulgaris, Cirsium vulgare, Leontodon hispidus, Pilosella officinarum, Taraxacum officianalis, Myosotis alpestris, Cochlearia alpina, Draba incana, Campanula rotundifolia, Scabiosa columbaria, Succisa pratensis, Cerastium fontanum, Minuartia verna, Parnassia palustris, Helianthemum oelandicum icanum, Sedum acre, Anthyllis vulneraria, Hippocrepis comosa, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium repens, Gentiana verna, Gentianella amarella, Hypericum pulchrum, Thymus praecox, Pinguicula vulgaris, Linum catharticum, Epipactis atrorubens, Euphrasia confusa, Euphrasia officinalis, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Veronica officinalis, Polygala vulgaris, Polygonum viviparum, Primula farinosa, Primula vulgaris, Thalictrum minus, Dryas octopetala, Potentilla erecta, Potentilla tabernaemontani, Poterium sanguisorba, Asperula cynanchica, Galium sterneri, Galium verum, Saxifraga hypnoides, Viola hirta, Viola riviniana, Viola rupestris, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Avenula pratensis, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Briza media, Cynosurus cristatus, Dactylis glomerata, Danthonia decumbens, Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Koeleria macrantha, Molinia caerulea, Sesleria caerulea
CG10 — Brownfield, Limestone pavement, Upland calcareous grassland
Festuca ovina-Agrostis capillaris-Thymus praecox grassland
Show 129 indicator speciesEmpetrum nigrum, Empetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea, Vaccinium myrtillus, Carex binervis, Carex caryophyllea, Carex demissa, Carex flacca, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex pilulifera, Carex pulicaris, Juncus squarrosus, Luzula campestris, Luzula multiflora, Luzula sylvatica, Selaginella selaginoides, Breutelia chrysocoma, Bryum pallens, Bryum pseudotriquetrum, Mnium hornum, Plagiomnium undulatum, Rhizomnium punctatum, Dicranum scoparium, Ditrichum flexicaule, Fissidens adianthoides, Fissidens osmundoides, Racomitrium canescens sens.lat., Racomitrium lanuginosum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Ctenidium molluscum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Hypnum jutlandicum, Pleurozium schreberi, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Sanionia uncinata, Thuidium delicatulum, Thuidium tamariscinum, Tortella tortuosa, Frullania tamarisci, Lophocolea bidentata, Plagiochila asplenioides, Ptilidium ciliare, Scapania undulata, Cetraria islandica, Peltigera canina, Angelica sylvestris, Achillea millefolium, Antennaria dioica, Bellis perennis, Cirsium palustre, Hieraclium spp., Hypochaeris radicata, Jacobaea vulgaris, Pilosella officinarum, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Solidago virgaurea, Cardamine pratensis, Campanula rotundifolia, Succisa pratensis, Cerastium fontanum, Silene acaulis, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Lathyrus montanus, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium repens, Gentianella campestris, Hypericum pulchrum, Thymus praecox, Pinguicula vulgaris, Linum catharticum, Euphrasia confusa, Euphrasia officinalis, Euphrasia scottica, Oxalis acetosella, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Veronica officinalis, Polygala serpyllifolia, Polygonum viviparum, Rumex acetosa, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus repens, Thalictrum alpinum, Alchemilla alpina, Alchemilla filicaulis, Alchemilla glabra, Alchemilla wichurae, Alchemilla xanthochlora, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum rivale, Potentilla crantzii, Potentilla erecta, Potentilla sterilis, Rubus idaeus, Galium boreale, Galium saxatile, Galium sterneri, Galium verum, Saxifraga aizoides, Saxifraga oppositifolia, Viola riviniana, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Aira praecox, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Avenula pratensis, Briza media, Cynosurus cristatus, Danthonia decumbens, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Koeleria macrantha, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta, Poa pratensis, Blechnum spicant, Pteridium aquilinum, Botrychium lunaria, Thelypteris limbosperma
CG12 — Alpine and subalpine calcareous grassland, High montane heath and snow bed
Festuca ovina-Alchemilla alpina-Silene acaulis dwarf-herb community
Show 125 indicator speciesEmpetrum nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Kalmia procumbens, Vaccinium myrtillus, Salix herbacea, Carex bigelowii, Carex demissa, Carex panicea, Carex pilulifera, Carex pulicaris, Juncus trifidus, Juncus triglumis, Luzula campestris, Luzula multiflora, Luzula spicata, Luzula sylvatica, Diphasiastrum alpinum, Huperzia selago, Selaginella selaginoides, Andreaea alpina, Aulacomnium turgidum, Bartramia ithyphylla, Breutelia chrysocoma, Mnium hornum, Dicranum scoparium, Ditrichum flexicaule, Racomitrium canescens sens.lat., Racomitrium fasciculare, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Ctenidium molluscum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum callichroum, Hypnum cupressiforme, Hypnum hamulosum, Lescuraea incurvata, Pleurozium schreberi, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Sanionia uncinata, Thuidium delicatulum, Thuidium tamariscinum, Pogonatum urnigerum, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Tortella tortuosa, Barbilophozia hatcheri, Barbilophozia lycopodioides, Diplophyllum albicans, Frullania tamarisci, Nardia scalaris, Plagiochila asplenioides, Ptilidium ciliare, Scapania subalpina, Tritomaria quinquedentata, Cetraria islandica, Cladonia arbuscula, Cladonia gracilis, Cladonia pyxidata, Cladonia uncialis, Peltigera canina, Achillea millefolium, Antennaria dioica, Gnaphalium supinum, Hieraclium spp., Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Solidago virgaurea, Taraxacum officianalis, Myosotis alpestris, Cardamine pratensis, Draba norvegica, Campanula rotundifolia, Succisa pratensis, Cerastium alpinum, Cerastium fontanum, Minuartia sedoides, Sagina saginoides, Silene acaulis, Sedum rosea, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Thymus praecox, Linum catharticum, Epilobium anagallidifolium, Euphrasia frigida, Euphrasia officinalis, Oxalis acetosella, Plantago maritima, Veronica alpina, Veronica officinalis, Veronica serpyllifolia, Armeria maritima, Polygonum viviparum, Rumex acetosa, Anemone nemorosa, Ranunculus acris, Thalictrum alpinum, Trollius europaeus, Alchemilla alpina, Alchemilla filicaulis, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum rivale, Potentilla crantzii, Potentilla erecta, Sibbaldia procumbens, Galium boreale, Galium saxatile, Saxifraga aizoides, Saxifraga hypnoides, Saxifraga nivalis, Saxifraga oppositifolia, Saxifraga stellaris, Viola lutea, Viola palustris, Viola riviniana, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Festuca vivipara, Nardus stricta, Poa pratensis, Botrychium lunaria
CG13 — Limestone pavement, Upland calcareous grassland
Dryas octopetala-Carex flacca heath
Show 95 indicator speciesSalix repens, Empetrum nigrum, Empetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Juniperus communis, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, Rubus saxatilis, Carex flacca, Carex panicea, Carex pulicaris, Carex rupestris, Schoenus nigricans, Luzula campestris, Selaginella selaginoides, Breutelia chrysocoma, Dicranum scoparium, Ditrichum flexicaule, Fissidens dubius, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Ctenidium molluscum, Entodon concinnus, Homalothecium lutescens, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Loeskeobryum brevirostre, Neckera complanata, Neckera crispa, Pleurozium schreberi, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Rhytidium rugosum, Thuidium delicatulum, Thuidium tamariscinum, Tortella tortuosa, Frullania tamarisci, Plagiochila asplenioides, Scapania undulata, Cladonia rangiformis, Solorina saccata, Daucus carota, Antennaria dioica, Bellis perennis, Centaurea nigra, Hypochaeris radicata, Jacobaea vulgaris, Pilosella officinarum, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Solidago virgaurea, Taraxacum officianalis, Campanula rotundifolia, Succisa pratensis, Cerastium fontanum, Anthyllis vulneraria, Lathyrus montanus, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Gentianella amarella, Hypericum pulchrum, Thymus praecox, Pinguicula vulgaris, Linum catharticum, Epipactis atrorubens, Neottia ovata, Orchis mascula, Euphrasia confusa, Euphrasia officinalis, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Plantago media, Polygala serpyllifolia, Polygonum viviparum, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Thalictrum alpinum, Dryas octopetala, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla erecta, Galium saxatile, Galium verum, Saxifraga aizoides, Viola riviniana, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Avenula pratensis, Cynosurus cristatus, Danthonia decumbens, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Festuca vivipara, Koeleria macrantha, Molinia caerulea, Polystichum aculeatum
M5 — Limestone pavement, Upland spring flush
Carex rostrata-Sphagnum squarrosum mire
Show 50 indicator speciesCarex canescens, Carex echinata, Carex nigra, Carex rostrata, Eriophorum angustifolium, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus bulbosus, Juncus effusus, Luzula multiflora, Aulacomnium palustre, Bryum pseudotriquetrum, Plagiomnium rostratum, Rhizomnium pseudopunctatum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Straminergon stramineum, Polytrichum commune, Sphagnum contortum, Sphagnum fallax, Sphagnum fimbriatum, Sphagnum palustre, Sphagnum squarrosum, Sphagnum subnitens, Sphagnum teres, Chiloscyphus polyanthos, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Caltha palustris, Cirsium palustre, Myosotis scorpioides, Cardamine pratensis, Succisa pratensis, Silene flos-cuculi, Stellaria alsine, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Mentha aquatica, Menyanthes trifoliata, Epilobium palustre, Rumex acetosa, Ranunculus flammula, Comarum palustre, Filipendula ulmaria, Galium palustre, Viola palustris, Agrostis canina, Deschampsia flexuosa, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Phragmites australis
M10 — Limestone pavement, Upland spring flush
Carex dioica-Pinguicula vulgaris mire
Show 99 indicator speciesErica tetralix, Myrica gale, Carex capillaris, Carex demissa, Carex dioica, Carex echinata, Carex flacca, Carex hostiana, Carex lepidocarpa, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex pulicaris, Eriophorum angustifolium, Eriophorum latifolium, Kobresia simpliciuscula, Schoenus ferrugineus, Schoenus nigricans, Trichophorum cespitosum, Eleocharis quinqueflora, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus alpinoarticulatus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus bulbosus, Juncus squarrosus, Juncus triglumis, Luzula multiflora, Selaginella selaginoides, Breutelia chrysocoma, Bryum pseudotriquetrum, Catoscopium nigritum, Plagiomnium rostratum, Ditrichum flexicaule, Fissidens adianthoides, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Cratoneuron filicinum, Ctenidium molluscum, Hylocomium splendens, Palustriella commutatum, Scorpidium revolvens, Scorpidium scorpioides, Hymenostylium recurvirostrum, Tortella tortuosa, Blindia acuta, Sphagnum subnitens, Scapania aspera, Aneura pinguis, Pellia endiviifolia, Angelica sylvestris, Caltha palustris, Cirsium palustre, Leontodon saxatilis, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Taraxacum officianalis, Cardamine pratensis, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana dioica, Minuartia stricta, Minuartia verna, Sagina nodosa, Parnassia palustris, Drosera anglica, Drosera rotundifolia, Equisetum palustre, Equisetum variegatum, Triglochin palustre, Thymus praecox, Pinguicula lusitanica, Pinguicula vulgaris, Tofieldia pusilla, Linum catharticum, Narthecium ossifragum, Dactylorhiza fuchsii, Bartsia alpina, Euphrasia officinalis, Pedicularis palustris, Pedicularis sylvatica, Plantago maritima, Polygonum viviparum, Primula farinosa, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus flammula, Thalictrum alpinum, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla erecta, Galium palustre, Galium uliginosum, Saxifraga aizoides, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Briza media, Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta, Sesleria caerulea
M26 — Limestone pavement, Purple moor grass and rush pasture
Molinia caerulea-Crepis paludosa mire
Show 63 indicator speciesCarex appropinquata, Carex disticha, Carex echinata, Carex flacca, Carex hostiana, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex pulicaris, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus conglomeratus, Aulacomnium palustre, Plagiomnium undulatum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Campylium elodes, Climacium dendroides, Ctenidium molluscum, Hylocomium splendens, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Thuidium tamariscinum, Lophocolea bidentata, Plagiochila asplenioides, Angelica sylvestris, Caltha palustris, Centaurea nigra, Cirsium palustre, Crepis paludosa, Leontodon hispidus, Serratula tinctoria, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana dioica, Silene flos-cuculi, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Lathyrus pratensis, Trifolium repens, Menyanthes trifoliata, Rhinanthus minor, Plantago lanceolata, Rumex acetosa, Primula farinosa, Primula vulgaris, Anemone nemorosa, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus auricomus, Trollius europaeus, Comarum palustre, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum rivale, Potentilla erecta, Sanguisorba officinalis, Galium palustre, Galium uliginosum, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Briza media, Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Phragmites australis
M27 — Limestone pavement, Lowland fen, Upland spring flush
Filipendula ulmaria-Angelica sylvestris mire
Show 104 indicator speciesCarex acutiformis, Carex appropinquata, Carex disticha, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex paniculata, Carex rostrata, Carex vesicaria, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus conglomeratus, Juncus effusus, Juncus inflexus, Juncus subnodulosus, Sparganium erectum, Plagiomnium elatum, Plagiomnium undulatum, Rhizomnium punctatum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Calliergon cordifolium, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Kindbergia praelonga, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Thuidium tamariscinum, Chiloscyphus pallescens, Lophocolea bidentata, Angelica sylvestris, Heracleum sphondylium, Oenanthe crocata, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Achillea ptarmica, Caltha palustris, Centaurea nigra, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium heterophyllum, Cirsium palustre, Crepis paludosa, Eupatorium cannabinum, Pulicaria dysenterica, Senecio aquaticus, Myosotis scorpioides, Cardamine flexuosa, Cardamine pratensis, Cochlearia pyrenaica, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana officinalis, Silene flos-cuculi, Stellaria alsine, Stellaria graminea, Calystegia sepium, Equisetum arvense, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus pedunculatus, Vicia cracca, Iris pseudacorus, Ajuga reptans, Mentha aquatica, Lythrum salicaria, Epilobium hirsutum, Epilobium obscurum, Epilobium palustre, Polygonum amphibium, Polygonum hydropiper, Rumex acetosa, Rumex crispus, Rumex sanguineus, Lysimachia vulgaris, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus flammula, Ranunculus repens, Thalictrum flavum, Trollius europaeus, Alchemilla glabra, Comarum palustre, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum rivale, Potentilla anserina, Potentilla reptans, Rubus fruticosus agg., Sanguisorba officinalis, Galium aparine, Galium palustre, Galium uliginosum, Urtica dioica, Viola palustris, Agrostis canina, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Glyceria maxima, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Phalaris arundinacea, Phleum pratense, Phragmites australis, Poa pratensis, Poa trivialis, Pteridium aquilinum
OV38 — Limestone pavement, Scree
Gymnocarpium robertianum-Arrhenatherum elatius community
Show 58 indicator speciesRosa spinosissima, Rubus saxatilis, Carex flacca, Bryum capillare, Dicranum scoparium, Distichium capillaceum, Fissidens dubius, Encalypta streptocarpa, Grimmia pulvinata, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Schistidium apocarpum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Campyliadelphus chrysophyllus, Ctenidium molluscum, Eurhynchium striatum, Homalothecium sericeum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Neckera crispa, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidium rugosum, Tortella tortuosa, Cladonia pocillum, Centaurea nigra, Jacobaea vulgaris, Leontodon hispidus, Mycelis muralis, Pilosella officinarum, Tussilago farfara, Arabis hirsuta, Campanula rotundifolia, Mercurialis perennis, Vicia sepium, Geranium molle, Geranium robertianum, Origanum vulgare, Teucrium scorodonia, Oxalis acetosella, Aquilegia vulgaris, Thalictrum minus, Fragaria vesca, Poterium sanguisorba, Galium sterneri, Saxifraga tridactylites, Viola riviniana, Arrhenatherum elatius, Avenula pratensis, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca ovina, Holcus lanatus, Poa pratensis, Schedonorus arundinaceus, Asplenium trichomanes, Asplenium viride, Dryopteris filix-mas, Cystopteris fragilis, Gymnocarpium robertianum
OV39 — Limestone pavement, Rocky slope
Asplenium trichomanes-Asplenium ruta-muraria community
Show 53 indicator speciesBryum capillare, Fissidens dubius, Encalypta streptocarpa, Schistidium apocarpum, Homalothecium sericeum, Hypnum cupressiforme, Neckera crispa, Syntrichia intermedia, Tortella tortuosa, Tortula muralis, Tortula ruralis, Tortula subulata, Trichostomum crispulum, Weissia controversa, Porella platyphylla, Reboulia hemisphaerica, Riccia sorocarpa, Targionia hypophylla, Cladonia pocillum, Dermatocarpon lachnaeum, Dermatocarpon miniatum, Squamarina cartilaginea, Toninia caeruleonigricans, Carlina vulgaris, Centaurea scabiosa, Pilosella officinarum, Arabidopsis thaliana, Hornungia petraea, Campanula rotundifolia, Scabiosa columbaria, Arenaria serpyllifolia, Silene nutans, Sedum acre, Medicago lupulina, Geranium molle, Acinos arvensis, Teucrium scorodonia, Thymus praecox, Veronica arvensis, Potentilla tabernaemontani, Poterium sanguisorba, Galium sterneri, Saxifraga tridactylites, Aira caryophyllea, Arrhenatherum elatius, Festuca ovina, Koeleria macrantha, Aphanes arvensis, Asplenium adiantum-nigrum, Asplenium ceterach, Asplenium ruta-muraria, Asplenium trichomanes, Anogramma leptophylla
OV40 — Limestone pavement, Rocky slope
Asplenium viride-Cystopteris fragilis community
Show 35 indicator speciesPlagiobryum zieri, Pohlia cruda, Fissidens dubius, Encalypta streptocarpa, Ctenidium molluscum, Homalothecium sericeum, Isopterygiopsis pulchella, Neckera crispa, Orthothecium intricatum, Orthothecium rufescens, Anoectangium aestivum, Tortella tortuosa, Trichostomum crispulum, Weissia controversa, Plagiochila porelloides, Porella platyphylla, Reboulia hemisphaerica, Pellia endiviifolia, Solorina saccata, Campanula rotundifolia, Geranium robertianum, Thymus praecox, Poterium sanguisorba, Galium sterneri, Arrhenatherum elatius, Festuca ovina, Koeleria macrantha, Asplenium ruta-muraria, Asplenium scolopendrium, Asplenium trichomanes, Asplenium viride, Polystichum aculeatum, Polystichum lonchitis, Anogramma leptophylla, Cystopteris fragilis
U7 — High montane heath and snow bed
Nardus stricta-Carex bigelowii grass-heath
Show 74 indicator speciesEmpetrum nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Vaccinium myrtillus, Vaccinium uliginosum, Salix herbacea, Carex bigelowii, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex pilulifera, Eriophorum vaginatum, Trichophorum cespitosum, Juncus squarrosus, Juncus trifidus, Luzula multiflora, Luzula sylvatica, Diphasiastrum alpinum, Huperzia selago, Campylopus flexuosus, Dicranum fuscescens, Dicranum scoparium, Kiaeria starkei, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Plagiothecium undulatum, Pleurozium schreberi, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Polytrichum commune, Polytrichum juniperinum, Polytrichum piliferum, Polytrichum strictum, Sphagnum capillifolium, Anastrepta orcadensis, Anastrophyllum donianum, Barbilophozia floerkei, Barbilophozia hatcheri, Bazzania tricrenata, Diplophyllum albicans, Lophozia sudetica, Pleurozia purpurea, Ptilidium ciliare, Scapania gracilis, Scapania nemorea, Cetraria delisei, Cetraria islandica, Cladonia arbuscula, Cladonia bellidiflora, Cladonia coccifera, Cladonia gracilis, Cladonia impexa, Cladonia leucophaea, Cladonia pyxidata, Cladonia rangiferina, Cladonia tenuis, Cladonia uncialis, Gnaphalium supinum, Solidago virgaurea, Cornus suecica, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Thymus praecox, Narthecium ossifragum, Rumex acetosa, Alchemilla alpina, Potentilla erecta, Galium saxatile, Viola palustris, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis vinealis, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Nardus stricta
U8 — High montane heath and snow bed
Carex bigelowii-Polytrichum alpinum sedge-heath
Show 39 indicator speciesVaccinium myrtillus, Salix herbacea, Carex bigelowii, Juncus trifidus, Luzula spicata, Huperzia selago, Pohlia nutans, Dicranum fuscescens, Dicranum scoparium, Racomitrium canescens sens.lat., Racomitrium fasciculare, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Hylocomium splendens, Pleurozium schreberi, Sanionia uncinata, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Sphagnum compactum, Ptilidium ciliare, Cetraria delisei, Cetraria islandica, Cladonia arbuscula, Cladonia bellidiflora, Cladonia coccifera, Cladonia floerkeana, Cladonia gracilis, Cladonia macrophylla, Cladonia pyxidata, Cladonia rangiferina, Cladonia squamosa, Cladonia uncialis, Cornicularia aculeata, Ochrolechia frigida, Galium saxatile, Saxifraga stellaris, Agrostis capillaris, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Nardus stricta
U9 — High montane heath and snow bed
Juncus trifidus-Racomitrium lanuginosum rush-heath
Show 47 indicator speciesEmpetrum nigrum, Kalmia procumbens, Vaccinium myrtillus, Vaccinium uliginosum, Salix herbacea, Carex bigelowii, Carex pilulifera, Juncus trifidus, Luzula spicata, Diphasiastrum alpinum, Huperzia selago, Dicranum fuscescens, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Pleurozium schreberi, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Polytrichum piliferum, Barbilophozia floerkei, Diplophyllum albicans, Ptilidium ciliare, Cetraria delisei, Cetraria islandica, Cetraria nivalis, Cladonia arbuscula, Cladonia bellidiflora, Cladonia coccifera, Cladonia crispata, Cladonia gracilis, Cladonia pyxidata, Cladonia rangiferina, Cladonia uncialis, Cornicularia aculeata, Ochrolechia frigida, Sphaerophorus globosus, Stereocaulon vesuvianum, Thamnolia vermicularis, Silene acaulis, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Armeria maritima, Polygonum viviparum, Alchemilla alpina, Galium saxatile, Agrostis capillaris, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Nardus stricta, Nitella flexilis
U10 — High montane heath and snow bed, Lowland dry acid grassland, Upland dry heath
Carex bigelowii-Racomitrium lanuginosum moss-heath
Show 82 indicator speciesEmpetrum nigrum, Kalmia procumbens, Vaccinium myrtillus, Salix herbacea, Carex bigelowii, Carex panicea, Carex pilulifera, Juncus squarrosus, Juncus trifidus, Luzula spicata, Diphasiastrum alpinum, Huperzia selago, Selaginella selaginoides, Andreaea alpina, Aulacomnium turgidum, Pohlia nutans, Campylopus flexuosus, Dicranum fuscescens, Dicranum scoparium, Kiaeria starkei, Racomitrium fasciculare, Racomitrium heterostichum, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum callichroum, Hypnum cupressiforme, Hypnum hamulosum, Pleurozium schreberi, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Sanionia uncinata, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Polytrichum juniperinum, Polytrichum longisetum, Polytrichum piliferum, Polytrichum strictum, Anastrepta orcadensis, Diplophyllum albicans, Nardia scalaris, Ptilidium ciliare, Alectoria nigricans, Cetraria islandica, Cladonia arbuscula, Cladonia cervicornis, Cladonia coccifera, Cladonia crispata, Cladonia furcata, Cladonia gracilis, Cladonia impexa, Cladonia pyxidata, Cladonia rangiferina, Cladonia squamosa, Cladonia uncialis, Cornicularia aculeata, Ochrolechia frigida, Peltigera canina, Sphaerophorus globosus, Thamnolia vermicularis, Achillea millefolium, Antennaria dioica, Gnaphalium supinum, Solidago virgaurea, Campanula rotundifolia, Succisa pratensis, Minuartia sedoides, Silene acaulis, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Thymus praecox, Armeria maritima, Polygonum viviparum, Rumex acetosa, Alchemilla alpina, Potentilla erecta, Sibbaldia procumbens, Galium saxatile, Viola palustris, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis vinealis, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Nardus stricta
U11 — High montane heath and snow bed, Lowland dry acid grassland, Upland dry heath
Polytrichum sexangulare-Kiaeria starkei snow-bed
Show 49 indicator speciesEmpetrum nigrum, Salix herbacea, Carex bigelowii, Juncus trifidus, Huperzia selago, Conostomum tetragonum, Pohlia drummondii, Pohlia ludwigii, Pohlia nutans, Dicranum fuscescens, Kiaeria falcata, Kiaeria starkei, Racomitrium canescens sens.lat., Racomitrium fasciculare, Racomitrium heterostichum, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Pleurozium schreberi, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Oligotrichum hercynicum, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Polytrichastrum sexangulare, Anthelia juratzkana, Barbilophozia floerkei, Lophozia sudetica, Marsupella emarginata, Moerckia blyttii, Nardia scalaris, Pleurocladula albescens, Cetraria islandica, Cladonia bellidiflora, Cladonia pyxidata, Cladonia uncialis, Solorina crocea, Gnaphalium supinum, Cerastium cerastoides, Silene acaulis, Alchemilla alpina, Sibbaldia procumbens, Galium saxatile, Saxifraga stellaris, Viola palustris, Agrostis capillaris, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca vivipara, Nardus stricta, Cryptogramma crispa, Blechnum spicant, Athyrium distentifolium
U12 — High montane heath and snow bed, Upland dry heath
Salix herbacea-Racomitrium heterostichum snow-bed
Show 42 indicator speciesSalix herbacea, Carex bigelowii, Juncus trifidus, Luzula spicata, Huperzia selago, Andreaea rupestris, Conostomum tetragonum, Pohlia nutans, Dicranum scoparium, Kiaeria starkei, Racomitrium fasciculare, Racomitrium heterostichum, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Oligotrichum hercynicum, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Polytrichastrum sexangulare, Polytrichum piliferum, Barbilophozia floerkei, Diplophyllum albicans, Gymnomitrion concinnatum, Gymnomitrion corallioides, Lophozia sudetica, Marsupella brevissima, Nardia scalaris, Cetraria delisei, Cetraria islandica, Cladonia bellidiflora, Cladonia coccifera, Cladonia gracilis, Cladonia pyxidata, Cladonia uncialis, Cornicularia aculeata, Ochrolechia frigida, Gnaphalium supinum, Silene acaulis, Alchemilla alpina, Galium saxatile, Agrostis canina, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Nardus stricta
U13 — High montane heath and snow bed, Upland dry heath
Deschampsia cespitosa-Galium saxatile grassland
Show 69 indicator speciesVaccinium myrtillus, Salix herbacea, Carex bigelowii, Carex pilulifera, Luzula multiflora, Luzula sylvatica, Diphasiastrum alpinum, Huperzia selago, Selaginella selaginoides, Pohlia nutans, Kiaeria starkei, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum callichroum, Hypnum cupressiforme, Plagiothecium undulatum, Pleurozium schreberi, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Sanionia uncinata, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Polytrichum commune, Sphagnum capillifolium, Sphagnum russowii, Anastrepta orcadensis, Barbilophozia floerkei, Barbilophozia lycopodioides, Nardia scalaris, Ptilidium ciliare, Cetraria islandica, Cladonia gracilis, Peltigera canina, Achillea millefolium, Gnaphalium supinum, Saussurea alpina, Campanula rotundifolia, Cerastium alpinum, Cerastium fontanum, Minuartia sedoides, Silene acaulis, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Thymus praecox, Euphrasia frigida, Oxalis acetosella, Armeria maritima, Polygonum viviparum, Rumex acetosa, Ranunculus acris, Alchemilla alpina, Alchemilla filicaulis, Alchemilla glabra, Potentilla erecta, Sibbaldia procumbens, Galium saxatile, Saxifraga hypnoides, Saxifraga stellaris, Viola palustris, Viola riviniana, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Nardus stricta, Blechnum spicant, Dryopteris dilatata
U14 — High montane heath and snow bed, Upland dry heath
Alchemilla alpina-Sibbaldia procumbens dwarf-herb community
Show 76 indicator speciesVaccinium myrtillus, Salix herbacea, Carex bigelowii, Carex pilulifera, Juncus trifidus, Luzula multiflora, Luzula spicata, Diphasiastrum alpinum, Huperzia selago, Selaginella selaginoides, Andreaea alpina, Pohlia nutans, Dicranum scoparium, Racomitrium aquaticum, Racomitrium canescens sens.lat., Racomitrium fasciculare, Racomitrium heterostichum, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Ctenidium molluscum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum callichroum, Pleurozium schreberi, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Sanionia uncinata, Oligotrichum hercynicum, Pogonatum urnigerum, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Polytrichum piliferum, Barbilophozia floerkei, Diplophyllum albicans, Lophozia sudetica, Nardia scalaris, Ptilidium ciliare, Cetraria islandica, Cladonia arbuscula, Cladonia bellidiflora, Cladonia pyxidata, Achillea millefolium, Gnaphalium supinum, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Campanula rotundifolia, Cerastium alpinum, Cerastium fontanum, Minuartia sedoides, Sagina saginoides, Silene acaulis, Thymus praecox, Euphrasia officinalis, Armeria maritima, Polygonum viviparum, Rumex acetosa, Ranunculus acris, Thalictrum alpinum, Trollius europaeus, Alchemilla alpina, Alchemilla filicaulis, Alchemilla glabra, Potentilla erecta, Sibbaldia procumbens, Galium saxatile, Saxifraga hypnoides, Saxifraga oppositifolia, Saxifraga stellaris, Viola palustris, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Nardus stricta, Blechnum spicant, Botrychium lunaria
W8 — Lowland mixed oak and ash wood, Upland mixed ash wood
Fraxinus excelsior-Acer campestre-Mercurialis perennis woodland
Show 176 indicator speciesHedera helix, Salix caprea, Salix cinerea, Acer pseudoplatanus, Ilex aquifolium, Betula pendula, Betula pubescens, Carpinus betulus, Corylus avellana, Fagus sylvatica, Castanea sativa, Quercus hybrid, Quercus petraea, Quercus robur, Tilia cordata, Tilia platyphyllos, Fraxinus excelsior, Larix decidua, Malus sylvestris, Prunus avium, Prunus padus, Sorbus aria, Sorbus aucuparia, Sorbus domesticus, Alnus glutinosa, Populus tremula, Taxus baccata, Ulmus glabra, Ulmus minor, Ulmus procera, Sambucus nigra, Viburnum lantana, Viburnum opulus, Euonymus europaeus, Cornus sanguinea, Ribes sylvestris, Ribes uva-crispa, Ligustrum vulgare, Clematis vitalba, Rhamnus cathartica, Crataegus hybrid, Crataegus laevigata, Crataegus monogyna, Prunus spinosa, Rubus saxatilis, Daphne laureola, Daphne mezereum, Carex remota, Carex sylvatica, Juncus effusus, Luzula sylvatica, Mnium hornum, Plagiomnium affine, Plagiomnium rostratum, Plagiomnium undulatum, Rhizomnium punctatum, Dicranella heteromalla, Fissidens curnovii, Fissidens taxifolius, Amblystegium serpens, Brachythecium rutabulum, Cirriphyllum piliferum, Climacium dendroides, Ctenidium molluscum, Eurhynchium striatum, Hypnum cupressiforme, Isothecium myosuroides, Kindbergia praelonga, Oxyrrhynchium hians, Plagiothecium denticulatum, Plagiothecium nemorale, Rhynchostegium confertum, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Thamnobryum alopecurum, Thuidium tamariscinum, Atrichum undulatum, Lophocolea bidentata, Lophocolea heterophylla, Plagiochila asplenioides, Plagiochila porelloides, Pellia epiphylla, Tamus communis, Adoxa moschatellina, Narcissus pseudonarcissus, Angelica sylvestris, Anthriscus sylvestris, Conopodium majus, Heracleum sphondylium, Sanicula europaea, Arum maculatum, Arctium minus, Lapsana communis, Mycelis muralis, Taraxacum officianalis, Myosotis sylvatica, Alliaria petiolata, Cardamine flexuosa, Campanula latifolia, Campanula trachelium, Lonicera periclymenum, Moehringia trinervia, Silene dioica, Stellaria holostea, Euphorbia amygdaloides, Mercurialis perennis, Vicia sepium, Geranium robertianum, Hypericum hirsutum, Iris foetidissima, Ajuga reptans, Glechoma hederacea, Lamiastrum galeobdolon, Stachys sylvatica, Teucrium scorodonia, Allium ursinum, Convallaria majalis, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Polygonatum multiflorum, Chamerion angustifolium, Circaea lutetiana, Epilobium montanum, Neottia ovata, Orchis mascula, Platanthera chlorantha, Oxalis acetosella, Digitalis purpurea, Veronica chamaedrys, Veronica montana, Rumex crispus, Rumex sanguineus, Lysimachia nemorum, Primula elatior, Primula vulgaris, Anemone nemorosa, Ficaria verna, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus auricomus, Ranunculus repens, Filipendula ulmaria, Fragaria vesca, Geum urbanum, Potentilla sterilis, Rosa canina, Rosa villosa, Rubus caesius, Rubus fruticosus agg., Rubus idaeus, Galium aparine, Galium odoratum, Chrysosplenium oppositifolium, Urtica dioica, Viola odorata, Viola riviniana, Arrhenatherum elatius, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Bromopsis ramosa, Dactylis glomerata, Deschampsia cespitosa, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Melica nutans, Melica uniflora, Milium effusum, Poa nemoralis, Poa trivialis, Schedonorus giganteus, Asplenium scolopendrium, Pteridium aquilinum, Dryopteris borreri, Dryopteris dilatata, Dryopteris filix-mas, Polystichum aculeatum, Polystichum setiferum, Polypodium vulgare, Athyrium filix-femina
W9 — Altantic hazel wood, Limestone pavement, Upland mixed ash wood
Fraxinus excelsior-Sorbus aucuparia-Mercurialis perennis woodland
Show 136 indicator speciesHedera helix, Salix cinerea, Acer campestre, Acer pseudoplatanus, Ilex aquifolium, Betula pendula, Betula pubescens, Corylus avellana, Fagus sylvatica, Quercus hybrid, Quercus petraea, Quercus robur, Fraxinus excelsior, Pinus sylvestris, Prunus padus, Sorbus aucuparia, Alnus glutinosa, Populus tremula, Ulmus glabra, Sambucus nigra, Crataegus monogyna, Rubus saxatilis, Carex pallescens, Carex sylvatica, Luzula sylvatica, Mnium hornum, Plagiomnium rostratum, Plagiomnium undulatum, Rhizomnium punctatum, Dicranum scoparium, Fissidens curnovii, Fissidens taxifolius, Brachythecium rutabulum, Cirriphyllum piliferum, Ctenidium molluscum, Eurhynchium striatum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum cupressiforme, Isothecium alopecuroides, Isothecium myosuroides, Kindbergia praelonga, Loeskeobryum brevirostre, Oxyrrhynchium hians, Plagiothecium denticulatum, Plagiothecium succulentum, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Thuidium delicatulum, Thuidium tamariscinum, Atrichum undulatum, Polytrichum formosum, Lophocolea bidentata, Plagiochila asplenioides, Pellia endiviifolia, Pellia epiphylla, Adoxa moschatellina, Angelica sylvestris, Anthriscus sylvestris, Conopodium majus, Heracleum sphondylium, Sanicula europaea, Arum maculatum, Cirsium heterophyllum, Cirsium palustre, Crepis paludosa, Jacobaea vulgaris, Tussilago farfara, Cardamine flexuosa, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana officinalis, Silene dioica, Stellaria holostea, Mercurialis perennis, Vicia sepium, Geranium robertianum, Geranium sylvaticum, Ajuga reptans, Lamiastrum galeobdolon, Stachys sylvatica, Allium ursinum, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Circaea lutetiana, Circaea x intermedia, Epilobium montanum, Oxalis acetosella, Digitalis purpurea, Veronica chamaedrys, Veronica montana, Rumex acetosa, Lysimachia nemorum, Primula vulgaris, Anemone nemorosa, Ficaria verna, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus repens, Trollius europaeus, Alchemilla glabra, Alchemilla xanthochlora, Filipendula ulmaria, Fragaria vesca, Geum rivale, Geum urbanum, Potentilla erecta, Potentilla sterilis, Rosa canina, Rubus fruticosus agg., Rubus idaeus, Cruciata laevipes, Galium aparine, Galium odoratum, Galium saxatile, Chrysosplenium oppositifolium, Urtica dioica, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Bromopsis ramosa, Dactylis glomerata, Deschampsia cespitosa, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Melica uniflora, Milium effusum, Poa trivialis, Schedonorus giganteus, Asplenium scolopendrium, Blechnum spicant, Pteridium aquilinum, Dryopteris borreri, Dryopteris dilatata, Dryopteris filix-mas, Athyrium filix-femina
W20 — Montane scrub
Salix lapponum-Luzula sylvatica scrub
Show 107 indicator speciesSalix arbuscula, Salix cinerea, Salix lapponum, Salix myrsinites, Salix phylicifolia, Salix reticulata, Empetrum nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Salix lanata, Vaccinium myrtillus, Vaccinium uliginosum, Carex atrata, Carex bigelowii, Carex binervis, Carex flacca, Luzula multiflora, Luzula sylvatica, Huperzia selago, Selaginella selaginoides, Aulacomnium palustre, Mnium hornum, Philonotis fontana, Plagiomnium undulatum, Rhizomnium punctatum, Dicranum bonjeanii, Dicranum majus, Dicranum scoparium, Fissidens adianthoides, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Ctenidium molluscum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum callichroum, Hypnum cupressiforme, Palustriella commutatum, Plagiothecium denticulatum, Plagiothecium undulatum, Pleurozium schreberi, Ptilium crista-castrensis, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Sanionia uncinata, Scorpidium revolvens, Thuidium tamariscinum, Atrichum undulatum, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Sphagnum capillifolium, Sphagnum fallax, Sphagnum girgensohnii, Sphagnum palustre, Sphagnum russowii, Sphagnum squarrosum, Sphagnum subnitens, Sphagnum teres, Barbilophozia barbata, Chiloscyphus polyanthos, Diplophyllum albicans, Lophocolea bidentata, Plagiochila porelloides, Ptilidium ciliare, Scapania undulata, Cladonia squamosa, Peltigera canina, Angelica sylvestris, Caltha palustris, Hieraclium spp., Saussurea alpina, Solidago virgaurea, Campanula rotundifolia, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana officinalis, Rhodiola rosea, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Thymus praecox, Epilobium anagallidifolium, Dactylorhiza viridis, Euphrasia officinalis, Rhinanthus minor, Oxalis acetosella, Oxyria digyna, Polygonum viviparum, Rumex acetosa, Anemone nemorosa, Ranunculus acris, Thalictrum alpinum, Alchemilla alpina, Alchemilla glabra, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum rivale, Galium boreale, Galium saxatile, Saxifraga aizoides, Saxifraga hypnoides, Saxifraga oppositifolia, Saxifraga stellaris, Viola riviniana, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Nardus stricta, Dryopteris dilatata, Phegopteris connectilis
W21 — Hedgerow scrub, Mixed scrub
Crataegus monogyna-Hedera helix scrub
Show 81 indicator speciesHedera helix, Salix cinerea, Acer pseudoplatanus, Ilex aquifolium, Betula pendula, Corylus avellana, Fagus sylvatica, Quercus robur, Fraxinus excelsior, Malus sylvestris, Sorbus aria, Taxus baccata, Ulmus glabra, Ulmus procera, Sambucus nigra, Viburnum lantana, Euonymus europaeus, Cornus sanguinea, Juniperus communis, Ligustrum vulgare, Clematis vitalba, Rhamnus cathartica, Crataegus laevigata, Crataegus monogyna, Prunus spinosa, Juncus effusus, Plagiomnium undulatum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Kindbergia praelonga, Rhynchostegium confertum, Tamus communis, Heracleum sphondylium, Torilis japonica, Arum maculatum, Arctium minus, Cirsium arvense, Lonicera periclymenum, Moehringia trinervia, Silene dioica, Stellaria graminea, Stellaria holostea, Stellaria media agg., Calystegia sepium, Mercurialis perennis, Geranium robertianum, Iris foetidissima, Glechoma hederacea, Lamium purpureum, Origanum vulgare, Stachys sylvatica, Teucrium scorodonia, Allium ursinum, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Circaea lutetiana, Rumex sanguineus, Anemone nemorosa, Ranunculus repens, Fragaria vesca, Geum urbanum, Potentilla sterilis, Poterium sanguisorba, Rosa arvensis, Rosa canina, Rubia peregrina, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium aparine, Urtica dioica, Viola riviniana, Anisantha sterilis, Arrhenatherum elatius, Brachypodium pinnatum, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Bromopsis erecta, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia repens, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Poa trivialis, Asplenium scolopendrium, Pteridium aquilinum, Dryopteris filix-mas
W22 — Hedgerow scrub, Mixed scrub
Prunus spinosa-Rubus fruticosus scrub
Show 49 indicator speciesHedera helix, Acer campestre, Corylus avellana, Ulex europaeus, Prunus spinosa, Plagiomnium undulatum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Eurhynchium striatum, Kindbergia praelonga, Thuidium tamariscinum, Atrichum undulatum, Lophocolea bidentata, Achillea millefolium, Cardamine flexuosa, Lonicera periclymenum, Moehringia trinervia, Silene dioica, Silene uniflora, Stellaria media agg., Mercurialis perennis, Geranium robertianum, Stachys sylvatica, Teucrium scorodonia, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Oxalis acetosella, Digitalis purpurea, Plantago lanceolata, Veronica chamaedrys, Armeria maritima, Rumex acetosa, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum urbanum, Rosa canina, Rubus fruticosus agg., Rubus idaeus, Galium aparine, Urtica dioica, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Poa trivialis, Asplenium scolopendrium, Pteridium aquilinum, Dryopteris borreri, Dryopteris filix-mas