Ravensroost Wood

Site of Special Scientific Interest · 51.5930, -1.9684

Also within

Wiltshire County

Condition (Natural England)

Favourable (1)
UnitFeatureConditionArea (ha)Assessed
SU022882 Favourable 43.63 2011-09-28

Birds & fish recorded

Birds

SpeciesSeason
sparrowhawk Breeding
woodcock Breeding

Description

Description Ravensroost Wood is a structurally varied and botanically rich wet ash wych elm and wet ash maple woodland, with a complex system of rides, ditches and small ponds. This combination supports a diverse flora including uncommon and locally rare species. The wood is the largest semi natural remnant of Braydon Forest, which once covered an extensive area of north Wiltshire. Woodlands such as Ravensroost have declined greatly in number in recent years and remain under threat from replanting, or unsympathetic management. The site has developed on gentle east and north east facing slopes of impervious Oxford Clay at an altitude of between 100m and 135m. The combined effects of topography and geology have resulted in soils which remain waterlogged all year round. The wood has a coppice with standards structure which is a legacy of many years consistent management. Standards are mainly of mature pedunculate oak and ash but further canopy species include aspen, field maple, silver birch and downy birch. A diverse shrub layer is dominated by hazel coppice but there are also large areas of coppiced wych elm and a wide range of other shrubs such as hawthorn, holly, guelder rose, privet and the locally scarce midland hawthorn. Of particular interest are the nationally uncommon wild service tree and small leaved lime; the former is frequent as coppice and standards in the north of the wood whereas the latter occurs as occasional coppice. The ground flora is diverse with different species dominating locally. bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta, dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis, wood anemone Anemone nemorosa, bramble Rubus fruticosus and ivy Hedera helix are all abundant. Herbs indicative of ancient woodlands such as wood spurge Euphorbia amygdaloides, wood sorrel Oxalis acetosella, sanicle Sanicula europaea, early purple orchid Orchis mascula and pignut Conopodium majus are widespread. Many ferns flourish in the damp conditions, including large populations of male fern Dryopteris filix-mas, broad buckler fern Dryopteris dilatata and lady fern Athyrius filix-femina whilst the less common narrow buckler fern Dryopteris carthusiana and scaly male fern Dryopteris affinis are more scattered. A wide range of woodland grasses also occurs such as wood millet Milium effusum, giant fescue Schedonorus giganteus, hairy brome Bromus ramosa, false brome Brachypodium sylvaticum and wood meadow grass Poa nemoralis. The wood is dissected by a network of frequently waterlogged narrow woodland rides which hold a diverse combination of both wet grassland and woodland plants. The wet grassland component is characterised by floating sweet grass Glyceria fluitans, common yellow sedge Carex demissa, devil’s bit scabious Succisa pratensis, brook lime Veronica beccabunga and creeping Jenny Lysimachia nummularia; the woodland element is represented by common twayblade Neottia ovata, remote sedge Carex remota, pendulus sedge Carex pendula and less common species such as greater butterfly orchid Platanthera chlorantha, bitter vetch Lathyrus montanus and heath wood rush Luzula multiflora. Damp and shaded conditions occur throughout most of the wood but particularly in association with the several small ponds and a series of ditches and small streams. Mosses and liverworts are abundant in such places but very little survey work has been carried out on this important group of plants. The wood supports a characteristic breeding bird community including the commoner tits and warblers and the more localised sparrowhawk, woodcock and lesser spotted woodpecker.

Species mentioned

English name
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Latin name
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IUCN / Red List Type Family
sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus NT (Breeding) bird-hawk falconidae
woodcock Scolopax rusticola LC (NonBreeding), VU (Breeding) bird-woodcock scolopacidae
lesser spotted woodpecker Dryobates minor EN (Breeding) bird-woodpecker picidae
scaly male-fern Dryopteris affinis LC fern dryopteridaceae
narrow buckler fern Dryopteris carthusiana LC fern dryopteridaceae
broad buckler fern Dryopteris dilatata LC fern dryopteridaceae
male fern Dryopteris filix-mas LC fern dryopteridaceae
wood false brome Brachypodium sylvaticum LC grass poaceae
hairy brome Bromus ramosa Not listed in GB list grass poaceae
floating sweet grass Glyceria fluitans LC grass poaceae
wood millet Milium effusum LC grass poaceae
wood meadow grass Poa nemoralis LC grass poaceae
giant fescue Schedonorus giganteus LC grass poaceae
wood anemone Anemone nemorosa LC herb ranunculaceae
pignut Conopodium majus LC herb apiaceae
wood spurge Euphorbia amygdaloides LC herb euphorbiaceae
bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta LC herb liliaceae
bitter vetchling Lathyrus montanus Not listed in GB list herb fabaceae
creeping-Jenny Lysimachia nummularia LC herb primulaceae
dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis LC herb euphorbiaceae
common twayblade Neottia ovata NT herb orchidaceae
early purple orchid Orchis mascula LC herb orchidaceae
wood sorrel Oxalis acetosella LC herb oxalidaceae
greater butterfly orchid Platanthera chlorantha NT herb orchidaceae
bramble Rubus fruticosus LC herb rosaceae
sanicle Sanicula europaea LC herb apiaceae
devils-bit scabious Succisa pratensis VU herb caprifoliaceae
brooklime Veronica beccabunga LC herb plantaginaceae
heath wood rush Luzula multiflora LC rush juncaceae
common yellow sedge Carex demissa LC sedge cyperaceae
pendulous sedge Carex pendula LC sedge cyperaceae
remote sedge Carex remota LC sedge cyperaceae
ivy Hedera helix LC woody climber araliaceae

Plant communities

M22 — Coastal floodplain grazing marsh, Lowland fen, Purple moor grass and rush pasture

Juncus subnodulosus-Cirsium palustre fen-meadow

Salix cinerea, Solanum dulcamara, Carex acutiformis, Carex disticha, Carex elata, Carex flacca, Carex hirta, Carex lepidocarpa, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex rostrata, Cladium mariscus, Eriophorum angustifolium, Eleocharis palustris, Eleocharis uniglumis, Juncus articulatus, Juncus effusus, Juncus inflexus, Juncus subnodulosus, Luzula multiflora, Plagiomnium affine, Plagiomnium rostratum, Plagiomnium undulatum, Rhizomnium punctatum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Cratoneuron filicinum, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Lophocolea bidentata, Angelica sylvestris, Berula erecta, Oenanthe lachenalii, Thyselium palustre, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Achillea ptarmica, Caltha palustris, Centaurea nigra, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium dissectum, Cirsium palustre, Eupatorium cannabinum, Pulicaria dysenterica, Myosotis laxa, Myosotis scorpioides, Cardamine pratensis, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana dioica, Valeriana officinalis, Cerastium fontanum, Silene flos-cuculi, Stellaria palustris, Calystegia sepium, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus pedunculatus, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Hypericum tetrapterum, Iris pseudacorus, Triglochin palustre, Ajuga reptans, Lycopus europaeus, Mentha aquatica, Lemna minor, Lythrum salicaria, Menyanthes trifoliata, Epilobium hirsutum, Epilobium palustre, Epilobium parviflorum, Dactylorhiza fuchsii, Dactylorhiza incarnata, Dactylorhiza praetermissa, Epipactis palustris, Pedicularis palustris, Rhinanthus minor, Plantago lanceolata, Veronica beccabunga, Polygonum amphibium, Rumex acetosa, Rumex conglomeratus, Rumex sanguineus, Lysimachia vulgaris, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus flammula, Ranunculus repens, Thalictrum flavum, Comarum palustre, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla anserina, Potentilla erecta, Potentilla reptans, Galium palustre, Galium uliginosum, Scrophularia auriculata, Scutellaria galericulata, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Briza media, Calamagrostis canescens, Cynosurus cristatus, Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Phalaris arundinacea, Phleum pratense, Phragmites australis, Poa trivialis, Schedonorus arundinaceus, Ophioglossum vulgatum, Thelypteris palustris

M23 — Coastal floodplain grazing marsh, Purple moor grass and rush pasture, Upland rush pasture

Juncus effusus/acutiflorus-Galium palustre rush-pasture

Carex demissa, Carex echinata, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus bulbosus, Juncus conglomeratus, Juncus effusus, Luzula campestris, Luzula multiflora, Aulacomnium palustre, Brachythecium rivulare, Brachythecium rutabulum, Calliergon cordifolium, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Kindbergia praelonga, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Polytrichum commune, Calypogeia fissa, Lophocolea bidentata, Pellia epiphylla, Angelica sylvestris, Carum verticillatum, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Achillea ptarmica, Caltha palustris, Cirsium palustre, Senecio aquaticus, Taraxacum officianalis, Myosotis laxa, Myosotis secunda, Cardamine flexuosa, Cardamine pratensis, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana officinalis, Cerastium fontanum, Silene flos-cuculi, Stellaria alsine, Stellaria graminea, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus pedunculatus, Trifolium repens, Iris pseudacorus, Mentha aquatica, Scutellaria minor, Lythrum salicaria, Narthecium ossifragum, Epilobium obscurum, Epilobium palustre, Dactylorhiza maculata, Plantago lanceolata, Veronica scutellata, Polygonum hydropiper, Rumex acetosa, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus flammula, Ranunculus repens, Comarum palustre, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla anserina, Potentilla erecta, Galium palustre, Viola palustris, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Cynosurus cristatus, Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca rubra, Glyceria fluitans, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Poa pratensis, Poa trivialis, Dryopteris expansa, Athyrium filix-femina

M24 — Coastal floodplain grazing marsh, Lowland fen, Purple moor grass and rush pasture

Molinia caerulea-Cirsium dissectum fen-meadow

Salix cinerea, Salix repens, Alnus glutinosa, Calluna vulgaris, Erica tetralix, Carex hostiana, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex pulicaris, Cladium mariscus, Eriophorum angustifolium, Schoenus nigricans, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus conglomeratus, Juncus effusus, Juncus subnodulosus, Luzula multiflora, Aulacomnium palustre, Brachythecium rutabulum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Hypnum cupressiforme, Kindbergia praelonga, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Thuidium tamariscinum, Sphagnum auriculatum, Sphagnum subnitens, Angelica sylvestris, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Achillea ptarmica, Centaurea nigra, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium dissectum, Cirsium palustre, Eupatorium cannabinum, Leontodon saxatilis, Pulicaria dysenterica, Senecio aquaticus, Serratula tinctoria, Cardamine pratensis, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana dioica, Cerastium fontanum, Silene flos-cuculi, Drosera rotundifolia, Equisetum palustre, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus pedunculatus, Trifolium pratense, Vicia cracca, Hypericum tetrapterum, Hypericum undulatum, Mentha aquatica, Scutellaria minor, Linum catharticum, Lythrum salicaria, Narthecium ossifragum, Dactylorhiza fuchsii, Dactylorhiza incarnata, Dactylorhiza maculata, Epipactis palustris, Gymnadenia conopsea, Pedicularis sylvatica, Plantago lanceolata, Polygala vulgaris, Rumex acetosa, Anagallis tenella, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus flammula, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla anserina, Potentilla erecta, Potentilla reptans, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium palustre, Galium uliginosum, Galium verum, Viola palustris, Agrostis canina, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Briza media, Danthonia decumbens, Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Phragmites australis

M25 — Blanket bog, Coastal floodplain grazing marsh, Lowland fen, Purple moor grass and rush pasture, Upland acid grassland

Molinia caerulea-Potentilla erecta mire

Salix cinerea, Calluna vulgaris, Erica tetralix, Myrica gale, Vaccinium oxycoccos, Ulex europaeus, Ulex gallii, Carex echinata, Carex flacca, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Eriophorum angustifolium, Schoenus nigricans, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus effusus, Juncus subnodulosus, Luzula campestris, Luzula multiflora, Aulacomnium palustre, Pohlia nutans, Calliergon giganteum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Hypnum jutlandicum, Kindbergia praelonga, Pleurozium schreberi, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Polytrichum commune, Sphagnum auriculatum, Sphagnum capillifolium, Sphagnum fallax, Sphagnum palustre, Sphagnum papillosum, Sphagnum subnitens, Calypogeia fissa, Cephalozia bicuspidata, Lophocolea bidentata, Lophozia ventricosa, Angelica sylvestris, Carum verticillatum, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Achillea ptarmica, Centaurea nigra, Cirsium palustre, Eupatorium cannabinum, Pulicaria dysenterica, Serratula tinctoria, Cardamine pratensis, Lobelia urens, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana officinalis, Equisetum palustre, Lotus pedunculatus, Hypericum pulchrum, Hypericum tetrapterum, Mentha aquatica, Scutellaria minor, Menyanthes trifoliata, Narthecium ossifragum, Epilobium palustre, Dactylorhiza maculata, Rumex acetosa, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus flammula, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla erecta, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium palustre, Viola palustris, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis curtisii, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Danthonia decumbens, Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta, Phragmites australis, Dryopteris carthusiana, Osmunda regalis

M26 — Limestone pavement, Purple moor grass and rush pasture

Molinia caerulea-Crepis paludosa mire

Carex appropinquata, Carex disticha, Carex echinata, Carex flacca, Carex hostiana, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex pulicaris, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus conglomeratus, Aulacomnium palustre, Plagiomnium undulatum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Campylium elodes, Climacium dendroides, Ctenidium molluscum, Hylocomium splendens, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Thuidium tamariscinum, Lophocolea bidentata, Plagiochila asplenioides, Angelica sylvestris, Caltha palustris, Centaurea nigra, Cirsium palustre, Crepis paludosa, Leontodon hispidus, Serratula tinctoria, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana dioica, Silene flos-cuculi, Equisetum fluviatile, Equisetum palustre, Lathyrus pratensis, Trifolium repens, Menyanthes trifoliata, Rhinanthus minor, Plantago lanceolata, Rumex acetosa, Primula farinosa, Primula vulgaris, Anemone nemorosa, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus auricomus, Trollius europaeus, Comarum palustre, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum rivale, Potentilla erecta, Sanguisorba officinalis, Galium palustre, Galium uliginosum, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Briza media, Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Phragmites australis