Spindlestone Heughs

Site of Special Scientific Interest · 55.5997, -1.7562

Condition (Natural England)

Unfavourable Recovering (2) Unfavourable Declining (6) Favourable (1)
UnitFeatureConditionArea (ha)Assessed
NU150342 Unfavourable Recovering 6.25 2013-11-25
NU151339 Unfavourable Declining 10.2 2022-06-20
NU152341 Unfavourable Declining 0.97 2022-06-20
NU153338 Unfavourable Recovering 1.23 2012-09-06
NU154340 Unfavourable Declining 0.97 2022-06-20
NU154341 Unfavourable Declining 0.97 2022-06-20
NU154343 Unfavourable Declining 0.97 2022-06-20
NU155338 Favourable 8.57 2022-06-20
NU155340 Unfavourable Declining 0.97 2022-06-20

Climate exposure

This is about exposure to a nationwide pressure this habitat type carries — not a verdict on this site's own management.

Coastal

Coastal habitats are exposed to sea-level rise and storm erosion. Where hard sea defences sit behind them, there's nowhere landward to retreat to — a squeeze that keeps compressing the habitat no matter how well it's managed.

Geology & landscape

Geological Feature: Igneous Intrusion, Rock Outcrop

Landscape processes: Coastal, Volcanic / Igneous

Birds & fish recorded

Birds

SpeciesSeason
crane Unknown

Description

Description Spindlestone Heughs is one of a series of sites in the Bamburgh area where the whin Sill outcrops in surface exposures. This quartz dolerite igneous rock is resistant to weathering and forms shallow soils which bear an unusual assemblage of plants, apparently unique to Northumberland and including nationally rare species. The site has a number of discrete exposures supporting a diverse range of plant communities, separated by vegetation of lesser interest. The whin Sill exposures show variation in moisture regime and base status. Flushed rock slabs support a distinctive pioneer community rooted in thin layers of detritus. These 'proto soils' are prone to both frost disturbance and summer drought and carry a limited flora including two rarities, chives Allium schoenoprasum and hairy stonecrop Sedum villosum with meadow saxifrage Saxifraga granulataa, changing forget-me-not Myosotis discolor, heath pearlwort Sagina subulata and field madder Sherardia arvensis. Other exposures bear shallow soils, similarly prone to drought. Differences in base status of these soils are evident. Some areas support acidophilous species such as bell heather Erica cinerea with sheep’s fescue Festuca ovina while others have a more diverse flora with a number of species regarded as calcicoles including maiden pink Dianthus deltoides, wild onion Allium vineale, purple milk vetch Astragalus danicus, common rock rose Helianthemum nummularium, doves foot crane’s bill Geranium molle, cut leaved crane's bill G. dissectum, wild thyme Thymus praecox, biting stonecrop Sedum acre, hare’s foot clover Trifolium arvense, early forget-me-not Myosotis ramosissima, crested hair grass Koeleria macrantha, squirrel tail fescue Vulpia bromoides and meadow oat grass Avenula pratensis. An outcrop with atypical vegetation has kidney vetch Anthyllis vulneraria, salad burnet Poterium sanguisorba, dropwort Filipendula vulgaris and bell heather. South facing crags support ivy Hedera helix, wood sage Teucrium scorodonia and blackthorn Prunus spinosa with deciduous woodland below. A North facing crag has sea plantain Plantago maritima, black spleenwort Asplenium adiantum-nigrum, maidenhair spleenwort Asplenium trichomanes and polypody Polypodium vulgare. Spring cinquefoil Potentilla tabernaemontani is found on a steep bank within an open pine plantation. Other notable species at the site include prickly sedge Carex muricata and field gentian Gentianella campestris. Other Information During the 1986 revision the boundary of this site has been amended to exclude land previously notified* as part of the North Northumberland Coast SSSI. * Under Section 23 of the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act, 1949.

Species mentioned

English name
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Latin name
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IUCN / Red List Type Family
black spleenwort Asplenium adiantum-nigrum LC fern aspleniaceae
maidenhair spleenwort Asplenium trichomanes LC fern aspleniaceae
polypody Polypodium vulgare LC fern polypodiaceae
meadow oat grass Avenula pratensis Not listed in GB list grass poaceae
sheep's fescue Festuca ovina LC grass poaceae
crested hair-grass Koeleria macrantha NT grass poaceae
squirrel tail fescue Vulpia bromoides LC grass poaceae
wild chives Allium schoenoprasum LC herb liliaceae
crow garlic Allium vineale LC herb liliaceae
lady's fingers (kidney vetch) Anthyllis vulneraria NT herb fabaceae
purple milk vetch Astragalus danicus EN herb fabaceae
maiden pink Dianthus deltoides NT herb carophyllaceae
dropwort Filipendula vulgaris LC herb rosaceae
field gentian Gentianella campestris LC herb gentianaceae
dove's foot cranesbill Geranium molle LC herb geraniaceae
rock roses Helianthemum nummularium VU herb cistaceae
changing forget-me-not Myosotis discolor LC herb boraginaceae
early forget-me-not Myosotis ramosissima LC herb boraginaceae
sea plantain Plantago maritima LC herb plantaginaceae
spring cinquefoil Potentilla tabernaemontani Not listed in GB list herb rosaceae
salad burnet Poterium sanguisorba VU herb rosaceae
heath pearlwort Sagina subulata LC herb carophyllaceae
wall-pepper Sedum acre LC herb crassulaceae
hairy sedum Sedum villosum VU herb crassulaceae
field madder Sherardia arvensis LC herb rubiaceae
wood sage Teucrium scorodonia LC herb lamiaceae
creeping thyme Thymus praecox Not listed in GB list herb lamiaceae
hare's foot clover Trifolium arvense VU herb fabaceae
prickly sedge Carex muricata LC sedge cyperaceae
blackthorn Prunus spinosa LC shrub rosaceae
bell heather Erica cinerea NT shrub dwarf ericaceae
ivy Hedera helix LC woody climber araliaceae